CN202586293U - A leakage protection circuit of vehicle-mounted inverter and a corresponding vehicle-mounted inverter - Google Patents
A leakage protection circuit of vehicle-mounted inverter and a corresponding vehicle-mounted inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN202586293U CN202586293U CN201220026289.0U CN201220026289U CN202586293U CN 202586293 U CN202586293 U CN 202586293U CN 201220026289 U CN201220026289 U CN 201220026289U CN 202586293 U CN202586293 U CN 202586293U
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及车载逆变器技术领域,更具体地说,涉及一种车载逆变器的漏电保护电路及相应的车载逆变器。The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicle-mounted inverters, in particular to a leakage protection circuit of a vehicle-mounted inverter and a corresponding vehicle-mounted inverter.
背景技术 Background technique
现有车载逆变器的模块框图如图1所示,包括直流滤波电路10、DC/DC升压电路20、DC/AC逆变电路30和交流滤波电路40,以及用于产生PWM波控制DC/DC升压电路20的升压微控制器50及用于产生PWM波控制DC/AC逆变电路30的逆变微控制器60。直流输入后先经过直流滤波电路10以减少纹波电流和抑制电磁干扰,再经过DC/DC升压电路20将DC12V或DC24V变换到高压直流,然后经过DC/AC逆变电路30将高压直流转换成SPWM正弦波脉宽调制的方波,最后经过交流滤波电路40输出AC220V/50Hz或AC110V/60Hz的正弦波交流电压,如通过交流输出端AC1和AC2输出交流电压。The block diagram of the existing vehicle-mounted inverter is shown in Figure 1, including a
当车载逆变器只配置两孔插座时,即只允许II类电器设备接入使用,由于II类电器设备采用强化绝缘,使用是安全的。然而,为方便用户,车载逆变器需要配置三孔插座时,即允许I类电器设备接入使用,对于I类电器设备,除了交流电源线外,还另设有地线,且一般与电器设备的金属外壳连接,安规要求必须采用漏电保护装置来防止触电事故。因此,现有车载逆变器的主要缺点是没有漏电保护电路或装置,当采用三孔插座配置时缺乏输出交流电压的漏电保护,使用不安全。When the vehicle-mounted inverter is only equipped with a two-hole socket, only Class II electrical equipment is allowed to be connected and used. Since Class II electrical equipment adopts reinforced insulation, it is safe to use. However, for the convenience of users, when the vehicle-mounted inverter needs to be equipped with a three-hole socket, it allows Class I electrical equipment to be used. The metal casing of the equipment is connected, and safety regulations require that leakage protection devices must be used to prevent electric shock accidents. Therefore, the main disadvantage of the existing vehicle-mounted inverter is that there is no leakage protection circuit or device, and when the three-hole socket configuration is used, there is no leakage protection for the output AC voltage, which is unsafe to use.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
本实用新型要解决的技术问题在于,针对现有车载逆变器缺乏输出交流电压的漏电保护存在安全隐患的缺陷,提供一种车载逆变器的漏电保护电路相应的车载逆变器。The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a vehicle-mounted inverter corresponding to the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter in view of the defect that the existing vehicle-mounted inverter lacks the leakage protection of the output AC voltage and has potential safety hazards.
本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:构造一种车载逆变器的漏电保护电路,所述车载逆变器包括直流滤波电路、DC/DC升压电路、DC/AC逆变电路和交流滤波电路,以及用于控制DC/DC升压电路的升压微控制器和用于控制DC/AC逆变电路的逆变微控制器;所述漏电保护电路包括:绝缘电阻检测电路、比较电路和输出延时电路;The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is: construct a leakage protection circuit of a vehicle-mounted inverter, the vehicle-mounted inverter includes a DC filter circuit, a DC/DC boost circuit, and a DC/AC inverter circuit and an AC filtering circuit, and a boost microcontroller for controlling a DC/DC boost circuit and an inverter microcontroller for controlling a DC/AC inverter circuit; the leakage protection circuit includes: an insulation resistance detection circuit, Comparator circuit and output delay circuit;
所述绝缘电阻检测电路输入端与所述车载逆变器的交流输出端连接,输出端与所述比较电路输入端相连,将产生的绝缘电阻检测信号发送给所述比较电路;所述比较电路输出端与所述输出延时电路输入端连接,所述比较电路接收所述绝缘电阻检测信号,并在绝缘电阻低于预设阈值时产生的绝缘不良信号发送给所述输出延时电路;所述输出延时电路的输出端与所述升压微控制器连接,所述输出延时电路接收所述绝缘不良信号,当持续时间超过预设时间后产生的漏电保护信号发送给所述逆变微控制器停止交流电压输出。The input end of the insulation resistance detection circuit is connected to the AC output end of the vehicle inverter, the output end is connected to the input end of the comparison circuit, and the generated insulation resistance detection signal is sent to the comparison circuit; the comparison circuit The output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the output delay circuit, the comparison circuit receives the insulation resistance detection signal, and sends the poor insulation signal generated when the insulation resistance is lower than the preset threshold value to the output delay circuit; The output end of the output delay circuit is connected to the boost microcontroller, the output delay circuit receives the poor insulation signal, and the leakage protection signal generated after the duration exceeds the preset time is sent to the inverter The microcontroller stops the AC voltage output.
在根据本实用新型所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中,所述输出延时电路还与所述升压微控制器相连,将所述漏电保护信号发送给所述升压微控制器停止DC/DC升压变换。In the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter according to the utility model, the output delay circuit is also connected with the boost microcontroller, and sends the leakage protection signal to the boost microcontroller Stop DC/DC boost conversion.
在根据本实用新型所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中,所述升压微控制器还连接有故障报警电路,接收所述漏电保护信号并输出故障报警信号。In the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter according to the utility model, the boost microcontroller is also connected with a fault alarm circuit, which receives the leakage protection signal and outputs a fault alarm signal.
在根据本实用新型所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中,所述漏电保护电路还包括连接在所述绝缘电阻检测电路和比较电路之间的输入滤波电路。In the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter according to the present invention, the leakage protection circuit further includes an input filter circuit connected between the insulation resistance detection circuit and the comparison circuit.
在根据本实用新型所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中,所述比较电路进一步包括:并联的峰值比较电路和平均值比较电路,所述峰值比较电路和平均值比较电路的输入端与所述输入滤波电路输出端相连,输出端接入输出延时电路,分别将峰值比较产生的绝缘不良信号和平均值比较产生的绝缘不良信号发送给所述输出延时电路。In the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter according to the utility model, the comparison circuit further includes: a peak value comparison circuit and an average value comparison circuit connected in parallel, and the input terminals of the peak value comparison circuit and the average value comparison circuit are connected to the The output terminals of the input filter circuit are connected, and the output terminals are connected to the output delay circuit, and the poor insulation signal generated by the peak value comparison and the poor insulation signal generated by the average value comparison are respectively sent to the output delay circuit.
在根据本实用新型所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中,所述输入滤波电路包括第一运放U1A、电容C4和电阻R24,所述第一运放U1A的正向输入端与所述绝缘电阻检测电路的输出端相连,并通过电容C4接地;所述第一运放U1A的信号输出端与正向输入端短接,组成电压跟随器;所述第一运放U1A的信号输出端还通过电阻R24接地并作为输入滤波电路的输出端。In the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter according to the utility model, the input filter circuit includes a first operational amplifier U1A, a capacitor C4 and a resistor R24, and the positive input terminal of the first operational amplifier U1A is connected to the The output terminal of the insulation resistance detection circuit is connected, and grounded through the capacitor C4; the signal output terminal of the first operational amplifier U1A is short-circuited with the positive input terminal to form a voltage follower; the signal output of the first operational amplifier U1A The terminal is also grounded through the resistor R24 and serves as the output terminal of the input filter circuit.
在根据本实用新型所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中,所述峰值比较电路包括:第二运放U1B、电阻R17、电阻R10、电阻R19、电阻R20;所述第二运放U1B的正向输入端通过电阻R20连接至所述输入滤波电路的输出端,所述电阻R10和R19串联在工作电压和地之间进行分压,且所述电阻R10和R19之间的节点接入第二运放U1B的反向输入端;所述第二运放U1B的信号输出端通过电阻R17接地,并接入输出延时电路;In the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter according to the utility model, the peak comparison circuit includes: a second operational amplifier U1B, a resistor R17, a resistor R10, a resistor R19, and a resistor R20; the second operational amplifier U1B The positive input end of the resistor R20 is connected to the output end of the input filter circuit, the resistors R10 and R19 are connected in series to divide the voltage between the working voltage and the ground, and the node between the resistors R10 and R19 is connected to The reverse input terminal of the second operational amplifier U1B; the signal output terminal of the second operational amplifier U1B is grounded through the resistor R17, and connected to the output delay circuit;
所述平均值比较电路包括:第三运放U1C、电阻R18、电阻R21、电阻R22、电阻R23和电容C3;所述第三运放U1C的正向输入端通过电阻R23连接至所述输入滤波电路的输出端,并通过电容C3接地;所述电阻R21和R22串联在工作电压和地之间进行分压,且所述电阻R21和R22之间的节点接入第三运放U1C的反向输入端;所述第三运放U1C的信号输出端通过电阻R18接地,并接入输出延时电路。The average value comparison circuit includes: a third operational amplifier U1C, a resistor R18, a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23 and a capacitor C3; the positive input terminal of the third operational amplifier U1C is connected to the input filter through a resistor R23 The output terminal of the circuit is grounded through the capacitor C3; the resistors R21 and R22 are connected in series to divide the voltage between the working voltage and the ground, and the node between the resistors R21 and R22 is connected to the reverse side of the third operational amplifier U1C input terminal; the signal output terminal of the third operational amplifier U1C is grounded through a resistor R18 and connected to an output delay circuit.
在根据本实用新型所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中,所述输出延时电路包括电容C2、第四运放U1D、电阻R12、电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15和电阻R16。其中,所述峰值比较电路输出端通过电阻R15连接电容C2,平均值比较电路输出端通过电阻R16也连接电容C2的同一端,电容C2另一端接地,并接入所述第四运放U1D的正向输入端,所述电阻R13和电阻R14串联在工作电压与地之间进行分压,且所述电阻R13和电阻R14之间的节点接入第四运放U1D的反向输入端;所述第四运放U1D的信号输出端通过电阻R12接地,并作为所述输出延时电路的输出端。In the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle inverter according to the present invention, the output delay circuit includes a capacitor C2, a fourth operational amplifier U1D, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15 and a resistor R16. Wherein, the output end of the peak value comparison circuit is connected to the capacitor C2 through the resistor R15, the output end of the average value comparison circuit is also connected to the same end of the capacitor C2 through the resistor R16, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is grounded, and connected to the fourth operational amplifier U1D The positive input terminal, the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 are connected in series between the working voltage and the ground for voltage division, and the node between the resistor R13 and the resistor R14 is connected to the reverse input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U1D; The signal output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier U1D is grounded through the resistor R12, and serves as the output terminal of the output delay circuit.
本实用新型还提供了一种车载逆变器,包括直流滤波电路、DC/DC升压电路、DC/AC逆变电路和交流滤波电路,以及用于控制DC/DC升压电路的升压微控制器和用于控制DC/AC逆变电路的逆变微控制器;所述车载逆变器还包括如上所述的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路。The utility model also provides a vehicle-mounted inverter, which includes a DC filter circuit, a DC/DC boost circuit, a DC/AC inverter circuit and an AC filter circuit, and a boost micro for controlling the DC/DC boost circuit. A controller and an inverter microcontroller for controlling the DC/AC inverter circuit; the vehicle-mounted inverter also includes the above-mentioned leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter.
实施本实用新型的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路及采用该漏电保护电路的车载逆变器,具有以下有益效果:本实用新型通过采用绝缘电阻检测电路对车载逆变器的交流输出端的绝缘电阻进行检测,并在低于预设阈值时产生绝缘不良信号,在该信号持续时间超过预设时间后输出漏电保护信号控制车载逆变器的逆变微控制器停止交流电压输出,进而在发生触电事故时迅速切断逆变器交流输出,使车载逆变器产品可以防止触电事故,有效地保护使用人员的安全。Implementing the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter of the present invention and the vehicle-mounted inverter adopting the leakage protection circuit have the following beneficial effects: the utility model can measure the insulation resistance of the AC output terminal of the vehicle-mounted inverter by using an insulation resistance detection circuit. It detects and generates a bad insulation signal when it is lower than the preset threshold, and outputs a leakage protection signal after the signal lasts longer than the preset time to control the inverter microcontroller of the vehicle inverter to stop the AC voltage output, and then in the event of an electric shock In the event of an accident, quickly cut off the AC output of the inverter, so that the vehicle-mounted inverter product can prevent electric shock accidents and effectively protect the safety of users.
附图说明 Description of drawings
下面将结合附图及实施例对本实用新型作进一步说明,附图中:The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, in the accompanying drawing:
图1是现有车载逆变器的模块框图;Fig. 1 is a module block diagram of an existing vehicle-mounted inverter;
图2为根据本实用新型的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路实施的车载逆变器的模块框图;Fig. 2 is the modular block diagram of the vehicle-mounted inverter implemented according to the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter of the present utility model;
图3为图2的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中绝缘电阻检测电路的原理图;3 is a schematic diagram of an insulation resistance detection circuit in the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter of FIG. 2;
图4为图2的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路中其它电路的原理图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of other circuits in the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter shown in FIG. 2 .
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
本实用新型针对车载逆变器提供了一种漏电保护电路,以确保在发生触电事故时迅速切断车载逆变器的交流输出。The utility model provides a leakage protection circuit for the vehicle-mounted inverter, so as to ensure that the AC output of the vehicle-mounted inverter is quickly cut off when an electric shock accident occurs.
请参阅图2,为根据本实用新型的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路实施的车载逆变器的模块框图。如图2所示,本实用新型提供的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路70可以对车载逆变器进行漏电保护。该车载逆变器可以如图1所示包括直流滤波电路10、DC/DC升压电路20、DC/AC逆变电路30和交流滤波电路40,以及用于控制DC/DC升压电路20的升压微控制器50和用于控制DC/AC逆变电路30的逆变微控制器60。本实用新型提供的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路70至少包括绝缘电阻检测电路71、比较电路72和输出延时电路73。Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a block diagram of a vehicle-mounted inverter implemented by the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 , the
其中,绝缘电阻检测电路71输入端与车载逆变器的交流输出端AC1和AC2连接,检测交流输出端AC1、AC2对地的绝缘电阻,产生绝缘电阻检测信号。Wherein, the input terminal of the insulation
比较电路72的输入端与绝缘电阻检测电路71的输出端连接,接收绝缘电阻检测电路71产生的绝缘电阻检测信号,并与预设阈值比较,在判断绝缘电阻小于预设阈值时认为绝缘电阻小于安全值,因此产生绝缘不良信号。具体地,通过判断绝缘电阻检测信号的电压来实现,绝缘电阻越小,产生的电压越大。因此,设定一个电压的限值,当绝缘电阻检测信号的电压高于该设定的电压限值则判断绝缘电阻小于安全值,产生表示绝缘不良的高电平信号。The input terminal of the
输出延时电路73输入端与比较电路72的输出端连接,用于接收比较电路72产生的绝缘不良信号,并在该绝缘不良信号的持续时间超过预设时间时产生漏电保护信号,以防止误动作。延时电路73至少与车载逆变器的逆变微控制器60连接,将漏电保护信号发送给逆变微控制器60以停止输出PWM信号,因此DC/AC逆变电路30的工作被停止,车载逆变器的交流输出端AC1和AC2也将停止输出交流电压。这样,当车载逆变器的交流侧绝缘不良或发生触电事故时,车载逆变器可以迅速切断交流输出,从而保护用电人员的安全。The input end of the
本实用新型中漏电保护电路70的输出延时电路73还可以同时将漏电保护信号发送给逆变微控制器60和升压微控制器50,逆变微控制器60收到漏电保护信号后立即停止DC/AC逆变,使交流输出快速停止。升压微控制器50收到漏电保护信号后也立即停止DC/DC升压变换,进而避免在停止输出交流电压时升压微控制器50还在工作,增加了安全性并减小了损耗。该升压微控制器50还可以进一步连接有故障报警电路,接收漏电保护信号并输出故障报警信号提醒用户。The
本实用新型中漏电保护电路70还可以进一步包括连接在绝缘电阻检测电路71和比较电路72之间的输入滤波电路74,用于对绝缘电阻检测电路71采集的绝缘电阻检测信号进行滤波,消除干扰。In the utility model, the
下面对本实用新型的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路的各个功能电路的电路原理进行具体介绍。请参阅图3和图4,分别为图2中绝缘电阻检测电路和其余电路的电路原理图。The circuit principle of each functional circuit of the leakage protection circuit of the vehicle-mounted inverter of the present invention will be specifically introduced below. Please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, which are circuit schematic diagrams of the insulation resistance detection circuit and other circuits in Fig. 2, respectively.
如图3所示,绝缘电阻检测电路71与车载逆变器的交流输出端AC1和AC2连接。交流输出端AC1连接二极管D1的阳极,交流输出端AC2连接二极管D2的阳极,二极管D1和二极管D2的阴极连接在一起,并通过多个电阻,如电阻R1-电阻R7接车载逆变器的输入直流侧公共端。车载逆变器的直流侧是指直流滤波电路10和DC/DC升压电路20的原边部分,交流侧是指DC/AC逆变电路30和交流滤波电路40。电阻R1和电阻R2两端并联稳压管ZD1。电阻R1和电阻R2之间的节点电压VIR即为输出绝缘电阻检测信号。交流输出端AC1的对地的绝缘电阻用R8表示,交流输出端AC2的对地的绝缘电阻用R9表示。当交流侧对地绝缘不良或发生触电事故时,电阻R8与电阻R9的阻值或单独或同时降低,流过电阻R1-R7的电流增大,绝缘电阻检测信号VIR的电压值增大。As shown in FIG. 3 , the insulation
本实用新型的车载逆变器实例中二极管D1和二极管D2采用击穿电压为400V的瞬态电压抑制二极管,不仅可以抑制干扰电压,而且可以经受产品生产时的耐压测试。如果二极管D1和二极管D2采用普通二极管,绝缘监测保护电路也具有同样功能,但需要选用高电压的二极管,产品才能做耐压测试。In the example of the vehicle-mounted inverter of the present invention, the diode D1 and the diode D2 adopt transient voltage suppression diodes with a breakdown voltage of 400V, which can not only suppress the interference voltage, but also withstand the withstand voltage test during product production. If ordinary diodes are used for diode D1 and diode D2, the insulation monitoring and protection circuit also has the same function, but high-voltage diodes must be selected for the withstand voltage test of the product.
如图4所示,输入滤波电路74包括第一运放U1A、电容C4、电阻R11和电阻R24,第一运放U1A的正向输入端通过电阻R11与绝缘电阻检测电路71的输出端相连,并通过电容C4接地。第一运放U1A的信号输出端通过电阻R24接地,并且输出端与正向输入端短接,组成电压跟随器,作为输入滤波电路74的输出端。绝缘电阻检测信号经过电阻R11、电容C4进行滤波,并通过第一运放U1A进行滤波后输出给比较电路72。As shown in FIG. 4 , the
比较电路72进一步包括并联的峰值比较电路721和平均值比较电路722。滤波电路74输出的绝缘电阻检测信号分为两路,分别提供给峰值比较电路721和平均值比较电路722。峰值比较电路721对绝缘电阻检测信号进行比较,当判断绝缘电阻检测信号的峰值高于设定的峰值阈值电压时,产生绝缘不良信号输出给输出延时电路73。同样,平均值比较电路722对绝缘电阻检测信号进行平均值比较,当判断绝缘电阻检测信号的平均值高于设定的平均值阈值电压时,产生绝缘不良信号输出给输出延时电路73。The
具体地,峰值比较电路721包括第二运放U1B、电阻R17、电阻R10、电阻R19和电阻R20。电阻R10和R19串联在工作电压如5V和地之间进行分压,且所述电阻R10和R19之间的节点接入第二运放U1B的反向输入端作为比较的峰值阈值电压。第二运放U1B的正向输入端通过电阻R20连接至滤波放大电路74的输出端,第二运放U1B的信号输出端通过电阻R17接地。当第二运放U1B的正向输入端电压高于反向输入端电压时,第二运放U1B的信号输出端输出高电平的绝缘不良信号给输出延时电路73。Specifically, the
平均值比较电路722包括第三运放U1C、电阻R18、电阻R21、电阻R22、电阻R23和电容C3。电阻R21和R22串联在工作电压如5V和地之间进行分压,且所述电阻R21和R22之间的节点接入第三运放U1C的反向输入端作为比较的平均值阈值电压。第三运放U1C的正向输入端通过电阻R23连接至滤波放大电路74的输出端,且第三运放U1C的正向输入端还通过电容C3接地,第三运放U1C的信号输出端通过电阻R18接地。滤波后的绝缘电阻检测信号经过电阻R23对电容C3进行充电,以将绝缘电阻检测信号的平均值输出给第三运放U1C的正向输入端,当其电压高于反向输入端电压时,第三运放U1C的信号输出端输出高电平的绝缘不良信号给输出延时电路73。The average
车载逆变器的交流输出端AC1和AC2中可能只有其中一路,也可能两路同时出现对地绝缘不良。当只有一路如AC1出现对地绝缘不良绝缘电阻R8阻值下降时,另外一路如AC2对地绝缘良好绝缘电阻R9阻值仍为无穷大时,AC2通过二极管D2、电阻R1~R7和电阻R8,再到AC1形成回路,产生回路电流;由于电阻R9开路,AC1不能通过二极管D1、电阻R1~R7和电阻R9,再到AC2形成回路,没有回路电流,此时绝缘电阻检测信号VIR为正弦波半波整流波形。当AC1和AC2两路同时出现对地绝缘不良绝缘电阻R8和R9阻值下降时,AC1通过二极管D1、电阻R1~R7,AC1还通过电阻R8,再经电阻R9,再到AC2形成回路,产生回路电流,而AC2通过二极管D2、电阻R1~R7,AC2还通过电阻R9,再经电阻R8,再到AC1形成回路,产生回路电流,此时绝缘电阻检测信号VIR为正弦波全波整流波形。当AC1和AC2两路同时出现对地绝缘不良,即使绝缘电阻阻值与只有一路出现对地绝缘不良时相同,由于并联分流的影响,使绝缘电阻检测信号VIR幅值大大降低,不能达到峰值比较电路721设定的阈值电压而产生绝缘不良的高电平信号,但此时绝缘电阻检测信号VIR为正弦波全波整流波形,平均值比较电路722能够有效地检测到并输出绝缘不良信号。由此可见,无论车载逆变器发生一路或者两路故障,由峰值比较电路721和平均值比较电路722构成的比较电路72都能有效地检测到绝缘电阻小于预设绝缘电阻阈值。There may be only one of the AC output terminals AC1 and AC2 of the vehicle inverter, or both of them may have poor insulation to the ground at the same time. When only one path, such as AC1, has poor insulation to the ground, the resistance value of the insulation resistance R8 drops, and the other path, such as AC2, has good insulation to the ground, and the resistance value of the insulation resistance R9 is still infinite. A loop is formed to AC1 to generate a loop current; due to the open circuit of resistor R9, AC1 cannot pass through diode D1, resistors R1~R7 and resistor R9, and then forms a loop to AC2, and there is no loop current. At this time, the insulation resistance detection signal VIR is a sine wave and half wave rectified waveform. When AC1 and AC2 have poor insulation to the ground at the same time, when the resistance of the insulation resistance R8 and R9 drops, AC1 passes through the diode D1, resistors R1~R7, AC1 also passes through the resistor R8, and then passes through the resistor R9, and then to AC2 to form a loop, resulting in Loop current, while AC2 passes through diode D2, resistors R1~R7, AC2 also passes through resistor R9, then resistor R8, and then to AC1 to form a loop to generate loop current. At this time, the insulation resistance detection signal VIR is a sine wave full-wave rectification waveform. When AC1 and AC2 have poor insulation to the ground at the same time, even if the insulation resistance is the same as when only one line has poor insulation to the ground, due to the influence of parallel shunt, the amplitude of the insulation resistance detection signal VIR is greatly reduced and cannot reach the peak value. The threshold voltage set by the
输出延时电路73包括电容C2、第四运放U1D、电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15和电阻R16。峰值比较电路输出端通过电阻R15连接电容C2,平均值比较电路输出端通过电阻R16也连接电容C2的同一端,电容C2另一端接地,并接入所述第四运放U1D的正向输入端,电阻R13和电阻R14串联在工作电压如5V与地之间进行分压,且所述电阻R13和电阻R14之间的节点接入第四运放U1D的反向输入端作为参考电压。因此,峰值比较电路721和平均值比较电路722输出的表示绝缘不良的高电平信号都将对电容C2进行充电,当电容C2上的电压值即接入第四运放U1D的正向输入端的电压值增大到高于反向输入端的参考电压时,第四运放U1D的信号输出端将产生高电平的漏电保护信号输出,因此,只有绝缘不良持续达到一定时间才将漏电保护信号同时输出给升压微控制器50和逆变微控制器60,从而防止漏电保护误动作。The
本实用新型还相应提供了一种车载逆变器,其包括如图1所示的直流滤波电路10、DC/DC升压电路20、DC/AC逆变电路30和交流滤波电路40,以及用于控制DC/DC升压电路20的升压微控制器50和用于控制DC/AC逆变电路30的逆变微控制器60。本实用新型提供的车载逆变器还包括如上所示的车载逆变器的漏电保护电路,如图2中所示的漏电保护电路70。The utility model also provides a vehicle-mounted inverter correspondingly, which includes a
综上所示,本实用新型提供了一种车载逆变器的绝缘监测及漏电保护电路,通过采用绝缘电阻检测电路对车载逆变器的交流输出端的绝缘电阻进行检测,并在低于预设阈值时产生绝缘不良信号,在该信号持续超过预设时间后输出漏电保护信号控制车载逆变器的逆变微控制器停止DC/AC逆变,在出现输出交流电压对地绝缘不良时迅速切断逆变器交流输出。本实用新型技术方案使车载逆变器产品完全符合相关的安规要求,当用户使用的产品出现对地绝缘不良时逆变器停止工作预防触电事故,而一旦发生触电事故时逆变器迅速停止输出从而有效地保护使用人员的安全。To sum up, the utility model provides an insulation monitoring and leakage protection circuit for a vehicle-mounted inverter. The insulation resistance of the AC output terminal of the vehicle-mounted inverter is detected by using an insulation resistance detection circuit, and the insulation resistance is lower than the preset value. When the threshold is reached, a poor insulation signal is generated. After the signal lasts for more than a preset time, the leakage protection signal is output to control the inverter microcontroller of the vehicle-mounted inverter to stop the DC/AC inversion, and it is cut off quickly when the output AC voltage is poorly insulated from the ground. Inverter AC output. The technical scheme of the utility model makes the vehicle-mounted inverter product fully comply with the relevant safety regulations. When the product used by the user has poor insulation to the ground, the inverter stops working to prevent electric shock accidents, and once an electric shock accident occurs, the inverter stops quickly. output so as to effectively protect the safety of users.
本实用新型是根据特定实施例进行描述的,但本领域的技术人员应明白在不脱离本实用新型范围时,可进行各种变化和等同替换。此外,为适应本实用新型技术的特定场合或材料,可对本实用新型进行诸多修改而不脱离其保护范围。因此,本实用新型并不限于在此公开的特定实施例,而包括所有落入到权利要求保护范围的实施例。The utility model is described according to specific embodiments, but those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and equivalent replacements can be made without departing from the scope of the utility model. In addition, in order to adapt to the specific occasion or material of the technology of the utility model, many modifications can be made to the utility model without departing from its protection scope. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims.
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CN103199506A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-10 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Over-current protection circuit and backlight module of light source drive module |
CN103219707A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-24 | 美固电子(深圳)有限公司 | Leakage protection circuit of vehicle-mounted inverter and corresponding vehicle-mounted inverter |
CN103499744A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-08 | 郑州日产汽车有限公司 | Electric automobile insulation resistance on-line monitoring method based on frequency response |
JP2019009980A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2019-01-17 | Tdk株式会社 | Electrical leak detector, wireless transmission device, wireless power reception device and wireless power transmission system |
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Cited By (6)
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CN103219707A (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2013-07-24 | 美固电子(深圳)有限公司 | Leakage protection circuit of vehicle-mounted inverter and corresponding vehicle-mounted inverter |
CN103219707B (en) * | 2012-01-19 | 2016-02-03 | 美固电子(深圳)有限公司 | A kind of leakage protection circuit of vehicle-mounted inverter and corresponding vehicle-mounted inverter |
CN103199506A (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2013-07-10 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Over-current protection circuit and backlight module of light source drive module |
CN103199506B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2015-07-15 | 深圳市华星光电技术有限公司 | Over-current protection circuit and backlight module of light source drive module |
CN103499744A (en) * | 2013-10-12 | 2014-01-08 | 郑州日产汽车有限公司 | Electric automobile insulation resistance on-line monitoring method based on frequency response |
JP2019009980A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2019-01-17 | Tdk株式会社 | Electrical leak detector, wireless transmission device, wireless power reception device and wireless power transmission system |
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