CN202582871U - Frictional resistance experiment instrument - Google Patents
Frictional resistance experiment instrument Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202582871U CN202582871U CN 201220137781 CN201220137781U CN202582871U CN 202582871 U CN202582871 U CN 202582871U CN 201220137781 CN201220137781 CN 201220137781 CN 201220137781 U CN201220137781 U CN 201220137781U CN 202582871 U CN202582871 U CN 202582871U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- differential pressure
- shaped differential
- supply tank
- testing table
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a frictional resistance experiment instrument which comprises a test stand. A water supply tank is arranged below the test stand, and a test pipeline and a U-shaped differential pressure gauge are arranged above the test stand. A water pump is installed in the water supply tank. The water pump is connected with a water inlet end of the test pipeline. A rear end of the test pipeline is installed with an outlet bend. A water guide drawer is arranged below the outlet bend. A water storage container and a weighing sensor are arranged below the water guide drawer. The water storage container is connected with the water supply tank. The test pipeline is connected with two piezometric tubes with an interval. A connection section of the two piezometric tubes are provided with a differential pressure sensor. The differential pressure sensor and the weighing sensor are connected with a differential pressure flow measuring instrument. Mercury is filled in pipe bodies of the U-shaped differential pressure gauge. The U-shaped differential pressure gauge is provided with an exhaust branch valve and an exhaust main valve. A measurement ruler is installed between the pipe bodies of the U-shaped differential pressure gauge. The two piezometric tubes are connected with upper parts of the pipe bodies of the U-shaped differential pressure gauge respectively. Compared to the prior art, by using the instrument of the utility model, a measurement scope is large, an apparatus volume is small and the structure is simple.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to fluid mechanics test apparatus technical field, is specifically related to a kind of on-way resistance experiment instrument.
Background technology
The on-way resistance experiment is one of experiment necessary in the fluid mechanics teaching.
Tradition on-way resistance experiment instrument belongs to calandria, and volume is big, need link to each other with the par tower, and water system is measured with the triangle weir with special water pump, flow, and pressure reduction is counted the mercury differential manometer, and occupation of land is many, and power consumption is big, Operation and Maintenance inconvenience.In recent years, the on-way resistance experiment instrument begins to the small desk development, but all has following problem: the power of big instrument loss is big, and the space that occupies is big, Operation and Maintenance inconvenience; The scope of the apparatus measures of miniaturization is little, or data measured does not reach the purpose of real standard very little.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of on-way resistance experiment instrument, compared with prior art, can be used for the smooth areas and the zone of transition of Measuring Turbulent, go back the energy measurement laminar region, so measurement range is big, and the instrument volume is little, and is simple in structure.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopted is that a kind of on-way resistance experiment instrument is characterized in that; Comprise testing table, the below of testing table is provided with supply tank, and water pump is installed in the supply tank; The top of testing table is provided with the test pipe of horizontal direction, and water pump is connected with the water inlet end of test pipe through upper hose, and the upstream regulation valve is installed on the upper hose; The rear end of test pipe is equipped with exit bend; The exit bend below is provided with the water guide drawer, and the water guide drawer is tilted to down setting and inside is equipped with limit switch, and the water delivering orifice below of water guide drawer is provided with water container; The below of water container is equipped with LOAD CELLS, and water container communicates with supply tank; The upstream and downstream of test pipe is separately installed with upstream regulation valve and downstream damper door; Keep at a certain distance away on the test pipe and between upstream regulation valve and downstream damper door and be connected with two piezometric tube; Be parallel with differential pressure pickup between two piezometric tube, differential pressure pickup all is connected with the differential flow measuring instrument with LOAD CELLS; Also be provided with the U-shaped differential manometer on the testing table; In the two vertical bodys of U-shaped differential manometer mercury is housed; The top of U-shaped differential manometer two vertical bodys is communicated with and the exhaust sub valve is installed, and the top of U-shaped differential manometer also is connected with a vertical body, vertically on the body exhaust total valve is installed; Between the U-shaped differential manometer two vertical bodys survey chi is installed, two piezometric tube are connected with the epimere of U-shaped differential manometer two vertical bodys respectively.
Unwatering pump is installed in the water container, and unwatering pump communicates with osculum on the water container, and osculum is arranged with water spilage tray, and water spilage tray communicates with supply tank through return pipe.
Test pipe is installed on the testing table through a plurality of supports.
Pressure measurement row is installed on the testing table, and two piezometric tube, U-shaped differential manometers and survey chis all are fixed on the pressure measurement row.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is, is used for the on-way resistance of measuring channel, calculates the on-way resistance coefficient; Solved the little problem of existing self-loopa on-way resistance experiment instrument measurement range, smooth areas and zone of transition that can Measuring Turbulent also can be measured the laminar region.In addition,, make the student can grasp modern measurement technology, can pass on traditional measurement technology again owing to adopt two kinds of measurement systems.The utility model instrument volume is little, simple in structure, easy to manufacture, and precision is high, convenient operating maintenance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model on-way resistance experiment instrument;
Wherein, 1. supply tank, 2. water pump, 3. upper hose, 4. upstream regulation valve, 5. experimental channel, 6. support; 7. piezometric tube, 8. pressure measurement row, 9.U shape differential manometer, 10. exhaust sub valve, 11. exhaust total valves, 12. survey chis, 13. differential pressure pickups; 14. the differential flow measuring instrument, 15. downstream damper doors, 16. exit bend, 17. water guide drawers, 18. limit switches, 19. water containers; 20. LOAD CELLS, 21. unwatering pumps, 22. osculums, 23. water spilage trays, 24. return pipes, 25. experiment tablees.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model on-way resistance experiment instrument comprises testing table 25, and the below of testing table 25 is provided with supply tank 1, and water pump 2 is installed in the supply tank 1.The top of testing table 25 is provided with the test pipe 5 of horizontal direction through a plurality of supports 6, and water pump 2 is connected through the water inlet end of upper hose 3 with test pipe 5, and upstream regulation valve 4 is installed on the upper hose 3.
The rear end of test pipe 5 is equipped with exit bend 16, and exit bend 16 belows are provided with water guide drawer 17, and water guide drawer 17 is tilted to down and is provided with and inside is equipped with limit switch 18, and limit switch 18 is used for the Measuring Time of Control Flow and pressure reduction.The water delivering orifice below of water guide drawer 17 is provided with water container 19, and the below of water container 19 is equipped with LOAD CELLS 20.LOAD CELLS 20 weighs up the weight of water in the measurement period, and its weight is flow divided by Measuring Time.Unwatering pump 21 is installed in the water container 19, and unwatering pump 21 communicates with osculum 22 on the water container 19, and osculum 22 is arranged with water spilage tray 23, and water spilage tray 23 communicates with supply tank 1 through return pipe 24, and total system is a self-circulation system.
The upstream and downstream of test pipe 5 is separately installed with upstream regulation valve 4 and downstream damper door 15, keeps at a certain distance away on the test pipe 5 and between upstream regulation valve 4 and downstream damper door 15 and is connected with two piezometric tube 7.Be parallel with differential pressure pickup 13 between two piezometric tube 7, differential pressure pickup 13 all is connected with differential flow measuring instrument 14 with LOAD CELLS 20, goes out pressure reduction and flow in the measurement period through calculation display.
Also be provided with U-shaped differential manometer 9 on the testing table 25; In two vertical bodys of U-shaped differential manometer 9 mercury or other liquid are housed; The top connection of 9 liang of vertical bodys of U-shaped differential manometer also is equipped with exhaust sub valve 10; The top of U-shaped differential manometer 9 also is connected with a vertical body, vertically on the body exhaust total valve 11 is installed.Be equipped with between 9 liang of vertical bodys of U-shaped differential manometer and survey chi 12, survey chi 12 and be used for measuring the pressure reduction in two piezometric tube.Two piezometric tube 7 are connected with the epimere of 9 liang of vertical bodys of U-shaped differential manometer respectively.8, two piezometric tube 7 of pressure measurement row, U-shaped differential manometer 9 are installed on the testing table 25 and survey chi 12 and all be fixed on the pressure measurement row 8.
On-way resistance experiment instrument total length of the present invention is 220cm, two measure between the sections apart from 160cm, water pump 2 lifts are 13m, power is 350 watts.
Frictional head loss is meant that the liquid of unit weight flows to another section owing to overcoming the head that the frictional resistance consumed energy loses from a section.This loss of flood peak increases with the increase of flow process, and the loss percentage on unit length is identical.
The operation steps of the utility model device is:
One, method for automatic measurement
The diameter of step 1, record experimental channel 5, two to measure sections be the distance between two piezometric tube 7 on the test pipe 5.
Step 2, open the power supply of differential flow measuring instrument 14, with the instrument preheating.
Step 3, open water pump 2, open upstream regulation valve 4 and downstream damper door 15, make experimental channel 5 be full of water.
Step 6, open unwatering pump 21, the water in the water container 19 is discharged through osculum 22.Treating that water in the water container 19 has been arranged or discharged can begin to measure for the second time after stopping.
Step 7, adjusting downstream flowing water Valve 15 also repeat above-mentioned steps and measure repeatedly.
Step 8, use the thermometer measure water temperature.
Step 9, experiment after finishing restore to the original state instrument.
Step 10, measurement data is carried out analytical calculation.
Two, traditional measurement method
The diameter of step 1, record experimental channel 5, two to measure sections be the distance between two piezometric tube 7 on the test pipe 5.
Step 2, the appropriate location is pulled out and be adjusted to water guide drawer 17, make the current that flow out from exit bend 16 flow directly into water spilage tray 23.
Step 3, open water pump 2, open upstream regulation valve 4 and downstream damper door 15, make experimental channel 5 be full of water.
Step 6, treat in the experimental channel 5 behind the waterflow stabilization, measure and calculate flow, measure the reading of two piezometric tube 7 with surveying chi 12, and calculate the difference in height of two piezometric tube 7 through experimental channel 5 with graduated cylinder and stopwatch.
Step 7, regulate downstream flowing water Valve 15, flow is reduced gradually and repeats the above-mentioned steps measurement repeatedly.
Step 8, use the thermometer measure water temperature.
Step 9, experiment after finishing restore to the original state instrument.
Step 10, measurement data is carried out analytical calculation.
Current have two kinds of different fluidised forms, i.e. laminar flow and turbulent flow.The flow of regulating in the test pipe 5 through downstream flowing water Valve 15 makes flow velocity less, and the control Reynolds number is less than 2300, and be laminar condition this moment, again through differential pressure pickup 13 and differential flow measuring instrument 14, the frictional head loss in the time of can trying to achieve laminar flow.When flow velocity was big, ducted current reynolds number Re＞2300 o'clock was turbulent flow, and turbulent flow is divided into the rough district of smooth areas, zone of transition and the turbulent flow of turbulent flow.Regulate downstream flowing water Valve 15, augmented flow, promptly available U-shaped differential manometer 9 and survey chi 12, differential pressure sensor 13 and differential flow measuring instrument 14 are tried to achieve the frictional head loss of turbulent smooth areas or zone of transition.The turbulent flow rough region generally needs high head, and pipeline and piezometric tube bear very big pressure on dingus, tend to booster, only if add roughly to pipeline, generally tests and is difficult to accomplish, so the scope of experiment of this device does not relate to the measurement of turbulent rough region.
Claims (4)
1. on-way resistance experiment instrument; It is characterized in that comprise testing table (25), the below of said testing table (25) is provided with supply tank (1); Water pump (2) is installed in the said supply tank (1); The top of said testing table (25) is provided with the test pipe (5) of horizontal direction, and said water pump (2) is connected through the water inlet end of upper hose (3) with test pipe (5), and upstream regulation valve (4) is installed on the said upper hose (3); The rear end of said test pipe (5) is equipped with exit bend (16); Said exit bend (16) below is provided with water guide drawer (17), and said water guide drawer (17) is tilted to down setting and inside is equipped with limit switch (18), and the water delivering orifice below of said water guide drawer (17) is provided with water container (19); The below of said water container (19) is equipped with LOAD CELLS (20), and said water container (19) communicates with supply tank (1);
The upstream and downstream of said test pipe (5) is separately installed with upstream regulation valve (4) and downstream damper door (15); Said test pipe (5) is gone up and is positioned to keep at a certain distance away between upstream regulation valve (4) and the downstream damper door (15) and is connected with two piezometric tube (7); Be parallel with differential pressure pickup (13) between said two piezometric tube (7), said differential pressure pickup (13) all is connected with differential flow measuring instrument (14) with LOAD CELLS (20);
Also be provided with U-shaped differential manometer (9) on the said testing table (25); In the two vertical bodys of said U-shaped differential manometer (9) mercury is housed; The top connection of said U-shaped differential manometer (9) two vertical bodys also is equipped with exhaust sub valve (10); The top of said U-shaped differential manometer (9) also is connected with a vertical body; Exhaust total valve (11) is installed on the said vertical body, is equipped with between said U-shaped differential manometer (9) the two vertical bodys and surveys chi (12), said two piezometric tube (7) are connected with the epimere of U-shaped differential manometer (9) two vertical bodys respectively.
2. according to the described on-way resistance experiment instrument of claim 1; It is characterized in that; Unwatering pump (21) is installed in the said water container (19); Said unwatering pump (21) communicates with osculum (22) on the water container (19), and said osculum (22) is arranged with water spilage tray (23), and said water spilage tray (23) communicates with supply tank (1) through return pipe (24).
3. according to the described on-way resistance experiment instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that said test pipe (5) is installed on the testing table (25) through a plurality of supports (6).
4. according to the described on-way resistance experiment instrument of claim 1, it is characterized in that, pressure measurement row (8) is installed on the said testing table (25), said two piezometric tube (7), U-shaped differential manometer (9) and survey chi (12) all are fixed on the pressure measurement row (8).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220137781 CN202582871U (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Frictional resistance experiment instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220137781 CN202582871U (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Frictional resistance experiment instrument |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202582871U true CN202582871U (en) | 2012-12-05 |
Family
ID=47252272
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220137781 Expired - Fee Related CN202582871U (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2012-04-01 | Frictional resistance experiment instrument |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202582871U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104778883A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江大学 | Bypass and bi-stable type on-way resistance experiment instrument and method thereof |
| CN106644387A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-10 | 四川大学 | Non-constant flow pipeline inner wall on-way resistance coefficient testing device and method |
-
2012
- 2012-04-01 CN CN 201220137781 patent/CN202582871U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104778883A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-07-15 | 浙江大学 | Bypass and bi-stable type on-way resistance experiment instrument and method thereof |
| CN106644387A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-05-10 | 四川大学 | Non-constant flow pipeline inner wall on-way resistance coefficient testing device and method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN202584505U (en) | Test instrument for venturi and orifice plate flowmeters | |
| CN201732497U (en) | Reynolds experimental apparatus | |
| CN204833838U (en) | Comprehensive design nature hydraulics experiment platform | |
| CN201440088U (en) | Integrative flow rate calibration platform | |
| CN202582871U (en) | Frictional resistance experiment instrument | |
| CN110081319A (en) | A kind of design method of controllable transient flow leak detection system | |
| CN114427901A (en) | System and method for realizing dynamic regulation and control and calibration of temperature and pressure of gas meter | |
| CN102519829B (en) | Test method for determining beer foam stability | |
| CN106596041A (en) | An experiment device for relevant relation between jet flow water entry TDG saturation and jet conditions | |
| CN202976607U (en) | Orifice/mouthpiece experimental apparatus | |
| CN202976605U (en) | Local resistance tester | |
| CN202661463U (en) | Test device for determining beer foam stability | |
| CN201955180U (en) | Heat meter verification system | |
| CN103743541A (en) | Test device and method for evaluating anti-drag effect of bionic nonsmooth surface | |
| CN201464001U (en) | Calibrating device of float flowmeter | |
| CN201062713Y (en) | Device for simulating gas storage and peak regulation | |
| CN209729212U (en) | The on-way resistance experiment instrument of multistable | |
| CN203464984U (en) | Self-lifting container combination applying oblique support springs | |
| CN107121386B (en) | One kind pressing hybrid pipeline hydraulic coefficient of friction resistance efficient detection system and method | |
| CN204988444U (en) | Movable equipment of ability varying flow standard device medium flow direction | |
| CN209342335U (en) | Brace type self-loopa local head loss experiment instrument | |
| CN204043736U (en) | Solution-type current surveying device | |
| CN202650352U (en) | Gas volume test system for Boyle law demonstrator | |
| CN202523278U (en) | Experiment instrument for energy equation | |
| CN204557885U (en) | A kind of throttle-type bistable formula on-way resistance experiment instrument |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121205 Termination date: 20150401 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |