CN202582503U - Transmission type grating strainmeter - Google Patents
Transmission type grating strainmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN202582503U CN202582503U CN 201220246942 CN201220246942U CN202582503U CN 202582503 U CN202582503 U CN 202582503U CN 201220246942 CN201220246942 CN 201220246942 CN 201220246942 U CN201220246942 U CN 201220246942U CN 202582503 U CN202582503 U CN 202582503U
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- strain
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a transmission type grating strainmeter. A light emitting diode (3) is arranged on one side of a sensor shell (9), a grating plate (2) and a silicon photocell (4) are arranged on the other side of the sensor shell (9), a sliding chute (8) is arranged in the middle of the sensor shell (9), a main grating piece (1) can move in a reciprocating manner along the axial direction in the sliding chute, and is connected with a sliding rod (5), the sliding rod (5) extends out of the sensor shell (9) to the designated length, the end part of the sliding rod is fixed on the surface of an object to be measured by a magnetic base (12), and the sensor shell (9) is fixed on the surface of the object to be measured by a magnetic base (9), and before the grating strainmeter is mounted, a positioning bolt (6) passes through the sensor shell (9) and the sliding rod (5) to fix the sliding rod. When the transmission type grating strainmeter is used for measuring, according to the system, a displacement value is divided by a fixed gauge length value to obtain a strain value of a measured point. According to the transmission type grating strainmeter, the assembly and the disassembly are convenient, the grating strainmeter can be used repeatedly, the measuring cost is saved effectively, but the measuring accuracy is not reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of sensing technologies, particularly a kind of reusable transmission-type grating strain transducer.
Background technology
In each engineering field; No matter be scientific research experiment or actual engineering monitoring; Strain (or stress) is a vital parameter of reflect structure state, and the strain monitoring of measurement structure strain and long-term dynamics is most important to scientific experiment and engineering safety exactly.Strain measurement method commonly used at present has: electrical measuring method, piezoelectric method, vibratory string method, flash spotting and sound detection.
Electrical measuring method is most widely used a kind of method.Modal resistance strain gage is configured for measuring the element of strain exactly by sensitive grid etc., it can convert the variation of strain on the mechanical component into resistance variations, measures increased resistance value and can calculate corresponding strain increment.Its advantage is: resolution is high, precision is high, size is little, easy to use; Weak point is: life-span weak point, poor anti jamming capability, can only to measure relative quantity be strain increment, is inappropriate for and makes long term monitoring.
The piezoelectric effect that piezoelectric method is based on some material proposes.Piezoelectric (like piezoelectric ceramics or crystal) can produce voltage (or electric current) when stressed, measure this voltage and can obtain pressure, stress and strain.Because electric current can not be preserved, thereby can only survey increment, can not be used for long-term static(al) and measure, be applicable to dynamic test.
The vibratory string method is to utilize the one-to-one relationship of the suffered axle power of string wire and the horizontal natural frequency of vibration, extrapolates string axis power, stress and strain through measuring the natural frequency of vibration.Vibrating string extensometer has obtained more application in the strain measurement of reinforced concrete structure.Its advantage is: good stability, reliable operation, can measure the temperature of measuring point simultaneously; But the string wire in the vibrating string extensometer is prone to produce lax under action of long-term load, should not measure as long-term, and size sensor is bigger.
Classical flash spotting comprises photoelastic method and light holography method etc., obtained using more widely, but these methods generally can only be used for especially transparent model test of model, and the internal stress that is difficult to use in actual engineering is measured.
Fiber strain sensing technology (comprising fiber grating sensing technology) is a kind of extremely promising strain sensing technology; Have measuring accuracy height, antijamming capability strong, can realize advantage such as distributed measurement; But also have some shortcomings at present: Fibre Optical Sensor is tighter to manufacturing technique requirent; Cost is higher, and its demodulation instrument costs an arm and a leg, and the effect in long-term the measurement is still waiting textual criticism.In addition, it also has certain difficulty aspect burying underground.
Grating measuring technology is mainly used in the delicate metering of displacement at present, and its principle is to utilize the Moire fringe phenomenon of grating to come Displacement Measurement, and its core component is an optical grating pair, i.e. scale grating and indication grating.Moire fringe plays amplification, and the practical structures micro displacement just can cause bigger the moving of Moire fringe, measures the displacement that the amount of movement of Moire fringe can draw actual object through photoelectric apparatus.Metrological grating has the measuring accuracy height, reading speed is high, resolution is high and reading is prone to realize advantages and reliable and stable such as digitizing, robotization, has obtained using widely at displacement sensing, automation field.
Above-mentioned various strain measurement method respectively has its relative merits.Existing is the strain measurement object with the ordinary reinforced concrete structure; On property easy to install, economy and the measurement accuracy of sensor, analyze summary: resistance strain gage is simple in structure, easy for installation, price is cheap but be disposable use; Measuring accuracy is high; But to measure the mean strain in the relative longer gauge length more suitable owing to the existence of coarse aggregate for xoncrete structure, and this moment, the advantage of resistance strain gage was not obvious; The piezoelectric method structure is simple, price is more expensive, and precision is higher, but owing to can't be used for long-term static(al) measurement and use and be restricted; The fibre optic strain sensor measuring accuracy is high and can realize distributed measurement, and surface-mounted the realization reused, and has any problem, costs an arm and a leg but bury underground at present to use; The vibrating string type strain transducer size is bigger, is fit to the strain measurement of xoncrete structure, and surface-mounted the realization reused, better economy, and precision is higher.
For reusable surface-mounted fibre optic strain sensor and vibrating string type strain transducer, all need the strain of structure be delivered to sensor, making sensor and measuring point have identical strain could accurately measure.All be to be installed in by on the geodesic structure during moment sensor mounted on surface through two end supports, end support be again through cementing agent, bolt be weldingly fixed on concrete or the steel construction surface on, bolt boring or welding itself are understood and impacted structure.Because the Fibre Optical Sensor and vibrating string type sensor self rigidity of steel pipe encapsulation are bigger; So support has relatively large bending or detrusion and slippage when transmitting strain; Thereby cause the strain of body structure surface to be delivered to the loss that sensor exists strain to transmit through support; And because the deviation of processing and actual installation, it is impossible carrying out consistency calibration accurately.So its strain measurement accuracy receives the influence of its strain transport.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is the advantage of comprehensive various strain transducers, provides that a kind of installation that is applicable to that surface strain measures is simple, easy to use, low price, reusable and can guarantee the grating strain transducer of measurement accuracy.
The technical characterictic of the utility model is: it mainly comprises main lenticular lenses, indication grating sheet, light emitting diode, silicon photocell, slide bar, pilot pin and magnetic bases; In a side of sensor housing the light emitting diode opposite side is set indication grating sheet and silicon photocell are set; The centre is a chute; Main lenticular lenses can move around in chute vertically; Can select the main lenticular lenses of different length then main lenticular lenses to be connected with slide bar according to the requirement of range, slide bar stretches out sensor housing to specifying gauge length, and the slide bar end is fixed on the testee surface with magnetic bases; The sensor housing of the other end also is fixed on the measured object surface with magnetic bases; The spacing that preceding two ends center point is installed is fixing gauge length, and this moment, pilot pin passed sensor housing and slide bar with the fixed slip bar position, install and fix testee surperficial and with the reader zero clearing after pilot pin is extracted and can be measured.
, the testee surface will relatively move through two magnetic bases drive slide bar and sensor housing simultaneously when deforming; The Moire fringe amount of movement that its amount of movement and irradiate light optical grating pair produce has relation one to one; Because the amplification of Moire fringe; So the Moire fringe amount of movement of imperceptible mobile correspondence also can be differentiated through silicon photocell easily, electronic fine-grained if the electric signal of the Moire fringe that again silicon photocell is received carries out, then can reach higher accuracy requirement.The shift value of measuring has promptly been obtained the strain value of measured point divided by the fixedly gauge length value of sensor.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is: (strain of measuring steel construction directly is adsorbed on the surface with magnetic bases and get final product, and measuring xoncrete structure needs then the magnetic bases of sensor are adsorbed on the little iron plate with two little iron plates of seccotine stickup at body structure surface earlier for simple in structure, easy installation and removal; Directly take during dismounting and get final product), economic performance is good, reusable and no matter install still to measure and (need not boring or weld testee influence itself is very little; When moving, the slide bar of sensor and main lenticular lenses have only minimum sliding resistance); Measuring accuracy is higher, the strain transmission loss is little, the logarithmic strain value of ability accurate response measuring point.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model longitudinal profile structural map.
Fig. 2 is the utility model vertical view.
Fig. 3 is a grating sensor section construction synoptic diagram.
Among the figure: 1. main lenticular lenses, 2. indication grating sheet, 3. light emitting diode, 4. silicon photocell, 5. slide bar, 6. pilot pin, 7. magnetic bases A, 8. chute, 9. sensor housing, 10. little iron block A, 11. treat geodesic structure, 12. magnetic bases B, 13. little iron block B.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further specified.
Like figure, be example to survey the concrete structural surface strain.Before the installation at first with near the concrete surface clean measuring point; Pressing the gauge length of sensor then rules in body structure surface sensor installation position base; Stick on assigned address with two with the close little iron block 10,13 of respective sensor base size with seccotine; Can the magnetic bases 7 and 12 of sensor be adsorbed on respectively after tackifier is stiff on the corresponding little iron block, accomplish installation process.
When measuring; Elder generation is with the readout instrument reading zero clearing of this grating strain meter; Then the pilot pin 6 of sensor is extracted; Extract that the slide bar 5 and the main lenticular lenses 1 of sensor can be free to slide along chute 8 behind the pilot pin; When being deformed by geodesic structure; Corresponding position can take place and moves in body structure surface at sensor two-end-point place, drives slide bar 5 and relatively moves with sensor housing 9 through pasting little iron block and magnetic bases on it, and the main lenticular lenses 1 that connects slide bar has one to one with optical grating pair displacement of the Moire fringe of generation under light emitting diode 3 irradiations with the relative shift that is fixed on the indication grating sheet 2 on the sensor housing and concerns; Received by silicon photocell 4 behind the amplification of micro displacement process metrological grating system generation Moire fringe, the readout instrument internal system promptly obtains the displacement that records divided by sensor gauge length value the strain value of measuring point.
After measuring completion, be through magnetic bases absorption, so can directly take owing to sensor and by geodesic structure.Take and slide bar is pushed into the gauge length position behind the sensor and again pilot pin is inserted with the fixation of sensor slide bar, deposit in order to measuring next time and use.
In sum, visible the utility model is easy to use, reusable, has effectively practiced thrift the accuracy of measuring cost and not reducing measurement.This instance is merely a kind of specific embodiments to the xoncrete structure strain measurement, but the concrete protection domain of the utility model is not limit by this, and please the protection domain with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (3)
1. transmission-type grating strainometer, it mainly comprises main lenticular lenses, indication grating sheet, light emitting diode, silicon photocell, slide bar, pilot pin and magnetic bases; It is characterized in that: in a side of sensor housing (9) light emitting diode (3) opposite side is set indication grating sheet (2) and silicon photocell (4) are set; The centre is chute (8); Main lenticular lenses (1) can move around in chute vertically; Main lenticular lenses (1) is connected with slide bar (5), and slide bar (5) stretches out sensor housing (9) to specifying gauge length.
2. transmission-type grating strainometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: slide bar (5) end is fixed on the testee surface with magnetic bases (12), and the sensor housing of the other end (9) also uses magnetic bases (7) to be fixed on the testee surface.
3. transmission-type grating strainometer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the spacing that preceding two ends center point is installed is the appointment gauge length, and passes sensor housing (9) and slide bar (5) fixed slip bar position with pilot pin (6).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN 201220246942 CN202582503U (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2012-05-30 | Transmission type grating strainmeter |
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CN 201220246942 CN202582503U (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2012-05-30 | Transmission type grating strainmeter |
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CN202582503U true CN202582503U (en) | 2012-12-05 |
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CN 201220246942 Expired - Fee Related CN202582503U (en) | 2012-05-30 | 2012-05-30 | Transmission type grating strainmeter |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103604540A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-26 | 中铁四局集团第一工程有限公司 | Photoelectric stressometer |
CN108151673A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-12 | 长春禹衡光学有限公司 | A kind of photoelectronic imaging scanning means |
CN111750797A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-09 | 西南石油大学 | Strain measuring device |
-
2012
- 2012-05-30 CN CN 201220246942 patent/CN202582503U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103604540A (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2014-02-26 | 中铁四局集团第一工程有限公司 | Photoelectric stressometer |
CN103604540B (en) * | 2013-11-13 | 2015-06-10 | 中铁四局集团第一工程有限公司 | Photoelectric stressometer |
CN108151673A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-12 | 长春禹衡光学有限公司 | A kind of photoelectronic imaging scanning means |
CN111750797A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-09 | 西南石油大学 | Strain measuring device |
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Date | Code | Title | Description |
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C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121205 Termination date: 20130530 |