CN202558457U

CN202558457U - Hoisting device, especially lifting hook

Info

Publication number: CN202558457U
Application number: CN201220102337XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 奥利弗·莫尔
Original assignee: Demag Cranes and Components GmbH
Current assignee: Demag Cranes and Components GmbH
Priority date: 2011-10-04
Filing date: 2012-03-16
Publication date: 2012-11-28
Anticipated expiration: 2022-03-16
Also published as: BR112013032484B1; DE102011054148A1; DE102011054148B4; WO2013050354A1; CN103827013A; CN103827013B; BR112013032484A2

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hoisting device, in particular to a lifting hook (1). The lifting hook (1) comprises a hook (10) with a stem (12), a casing (20) and a retainer (31). The casing is provided with a cavity (21) inside, and the stem (12) extends into the cavity. The stem (12) is supported on the casing (20) through the retainer (31). To provide the safety hoisting device, especially the lifting hook, the stem (12) and the casing (20) is structured in such way that the stem (12) is supported in the cavity (21) when the retainer (31) is idle.

Description

Hoisting device, particularly lifting hook

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of hoisting device, particularly lifting hook, and it comprises: the hook with neck of hook; Shell is provided with cavity in this shell, and the said neck of hook stretches in this cavity; And holding element, be bearing on the said shell through the said neck of hook of this holding element.

Background technology

As everyone knows, lifting hook and various hoisting device, combining such as steel cable cucurbit or chain block is used in various fields.In most lifting hooks in order to bear the lifting hook that the rotatable supporting of relative hoisting device is generally adopted in load neatly.

For example, German patent application file DE 10 2,009 017 718 A1 are known a kind of lifting hook, the hook of this lifting hook is suspended in the shell of lifting hook through two Semicircular holding elements.For this reason the neck of hook of the hook of lifting hook have radial loop around with the groove of annular, said holding element is loaded in this groove.The annular brace circle that the zone passage of the semicircular holding element that from groove, stretches out has correspondingly configured groove is bearing on the axial ball bearing, and this axial ball bearing is loaded in the cavity of lifting hook shell.In order to assemble holding element, the neck of hook of hook moves up with degree like this and passes bracing ring, makes that groove can be approaching by freely.Then holding element be loaded in the groove respectively from the side and the neck of hook by with degree like this ground to drop-down, till holding element abuts in the groove of bracing ring.Said groove can prevent that holding element from shifting out from the groove side of the neck of hook.

The utility model content

As background, the purpose of the utility model is, other a kind of safe hoisting device, particularly lifting hook are provided.

This purpose is achieved through the described hoisting device of claim 1 according to the utility model.The useful make of the utility model is set forth in claim 2 to 8.

According to the utility model hoisting device, particularly lifting hook comprises: the hook with neck of hook; Shell is provided with cavity in this shell, the said neck of hook stretches in this cavity; And holding element, be bearing on the said shell through the said neck of hook of this holding element; In this hoisting device, reach the make of a safety through following mode, that is, the neck of hook and shell are made that by structure so the said neck of hook is maintained in the cavity when holding element is inoperative.In this case when holding element is inoperative-when for example holding element breaks, when groove when distortion or loading error-since the neck of hook directly be bearing on the shell, so the heavy burden that can prevent safely to be suspended on the hook is fallen.Also have in addition that the neck of hook separates with bearing and so almost can not rotate again when holding element comes off.Therefore the operator can confirm fault immediately, and this angle from safety is useful equally.

Design as follows in a preferred make; Promptly; The neck of hook is made up of upper end region and the coupled join domain that connects; With the upper end region of join domain adjacency on be configured with first table top with bearing surface, cavity constitutes by receiving chamber and through hole, with the reception chamber of through hole adjacency in be configured with second table top with areal of support.Power is imported areal of support safely from bearing surface when holding element comes off.

Useful is that join domain has the diameter less than end regions in order to constitute first table top, and through hole has less than the diameter that receives chamber in order to constitute second table top.

In a preferred make design as follows, that is, it is smooth and opposed each other that the areal of support of the bearing surface of first table top and second table top is respectively.Therefore bearing surface and areal of support form plane contact when holding element comes off, and the radial component that the separable shell in the via regions is separated from each other wherein can not occur.Plane contact ensures that also load is imported in the shell by safety.

Preferably holding element is constructed to back-up ring, and this holding element is partly rabbeted in the groove that radially is arranged in the neck of hook and the part of stretching out is bearing on the shell in cavity.In this case for example, can use meet DIN 47 1 shaft retaining ring as back-up ring.This makes a low especially structure of cost become possibility, ensures still when holding element possibly come off that wherein the neck of hook is bearing on the shell safely.The groove manufacturing that is used for back-up ring in the neck of hook is simple.The thrust ring that is not used in the plane of action of safety tongs with having circular cross section is compared, and back-up ring assembles more easily and dismantles.

The holding element that preferably is constructed to back-up ring has the cross-sectional plane of rectangle.Therefore groove and shell or ball bearing of main shaft or bracing ring contact with back-up ring regional in can be constructed to simple structure.

Holding element is bearing on the shell through bearing and therefore hook is rotatably mounted around its longitudinal axis in one embodiment.Longitudinal axis vertical orientation in the state of the static suspension of lifting hook.Bearing can be constructed to various, particularly is constructed to needle roller thrust bearing or axial notch ball bearing of main shaft.Usually bearing comprises a upper bearing sleeve and a lower bearing sleeve, and wherein holding element is bearing on the upper bearing sleeve.

Useful especially is that holding element is bearing on the bearing through a bracing ring.Mode power through such is imported the bearing from holding element reliably.

Useful is that the lower plane of holding element is placed on the last plane of bracing ring.(method of prior art that has the back-up ring of circular cross section with use is compared) produces on bracing ring perpendicular to neck of hook axis hardly in this case, in other words the power of radial effect.Application force passes to supporting member through holding element from hook when load, and wherein, power vertically acts on the top bearing surface that constitutes by the following and bracing ring of holding element.There is not the component of radial effect on bracing ring in this case.In addition, owing to can abandon the special groove with the form fit of holding element, the making of bracing ring is simpler.A smooth surface is just enough.

Preferred shell is made up of two and half ones, between this two and half one, is configured with cavity.Because this hitcher has the classification neck of hook, this neck of hook has along the longitudinal direction of hook sees the join domain that attenuates, thus this hook can be encased in safely in the cavity of two and half ones thus, thereby can realize the falling guard of the utility model.

Description of drawings

Hereinafter is set forth the detailed content of the utility model by embodiment shown in the drawings.Wherein:

Fig. 1 is the lateral plan that the part of the utility model hoisting device is analysed and observe.

The specific embodiment

Hoisting device shown in Figure 1 is constructed to lifting hook and has hook 10 and shell 20.Shell 20 is hung on the chain 50 of the chain block that is not illustrated from above.Hook 10 is fixed on the chain 50 by shell 20.Hook 10 is made up of hook 11 U-shaped, that limit the mouth of hook 18 usually, on this hook, is connected with the neck of hook 12 of a cylindrical shape, and this neck of hook extends in the prolongation of chain 50.The neck of hook 12 stretches in the cavity 21 of shell 20 and is fixed on the there from below.Shell 20 perhaps vertically separately and by two and half ones (not being illustrated) merging forms along longitudinal direction, and the lower part that in Fig. 1, only illustrates in this half one is perhaps latter half of.For high-visible, not shown hole or negative thread in this half one of shell 20 interconnect two and half ones through them.Cavity 21 has through hole 22 in lower area, the neck of hook 12 is directed passing this through hole.Not only the neck of hook 12 but also through hole 22 all have circular cross-sectional plane in current situation.

The notion of using " top " and " following " are as benchmark with the lifting hook on the static chain 50 that is suspended on vertical orientation.

In cavity 21, be provided with have rolling body, the ball bearing of main shaft 40 of the axial ball bearing form of upper bearing sleeve 41 and lower bearing sleeve 42, this ball bearing of main shaft is supported on the shell 20 with lower bearing sleeve.Plane 41a is provided with the bracing ring 30 of an annular on the upper bearing sleeve 41.This bracing ring has the center cavity that the approximate circle cylinder body shape has has same cylindrical shape.The neck of hook 12 is bearing on the bracing ring 30 by holding element 31, particularly back-up ring.Holding element 31 is set in the circular groove 13 of the neck of hook 12.Groove 13 be set to the longitudinal axis of the neck of hook 12 concentric and in the outside face of the said neck of hook 12 radial loop around.In current situation, use be holding element 31, this holding element has rectangular cross section and in two end regions, is used for the plane of action of safety tongs.This holding element lies on the last plane 30a of bracing ring 30 with lower plane 31a.Therefore the neck of hook 12 is bearing on the upper bearing sleeve 41 indirectly generally.Ball bearing of main shaft 40 provides hook 10 around the slewability of the longitudinal axis X of the neck of hook 12 with therefore with respect to the slewability that is suspended on the shell 20 on the chain 50.In this case; So select the size of bracing ring, make capable can from the holding element 31 usually processed by quenched materials safely (in other words in the scope of the compressive load per unit area that allows) under the situation of not damaging parts, import to the bearing 40 and import to subsequently in the shell 20.

The neck of hook 12 that is constructed to one can be divided into upper end region 15 and bottom join domain 16 roughly, and they opened through table top in 14 minutes.Upper end region 15 is not configured to screw the bonded assembly nut but as the component part of the neck of hook 12.Diameter is greater than the diameter of through hole 22 in upper end region 15.Link to each other therewith to be connected to and have diameter that a diameter is slightly less than through hole 22 and be incorporated in the bottom join domain 16 in this through hole.The length of join domain 16 is longer than the degree of depth of through hole 22 a little.Below join domain 16, be provided with a flange 17 at the mouth of hook 11 places, its size is also greater than the size of through hole 22.Therefore hook 10 can not upwards can not guide downwards and pass through hole 22.During assembling, in the cavity 21 of the lower part of hook 10 through its neck of hook 12 being inserted shell 20 and in the shell 20 of so being packed into, that is, join domain 16 is set in the through hole 22.

Table top 14 has constituted smooth and has been the first bearing surface 14a of annular, below the same smooth areal of support 24a of shell 20 relative with this bearing surface.In normal operating condition shown in Figure 1, between bearing surface 14a and areal of support 24a, there is the gap, this gap ensures that the neck of hook 12 directly is not bearing on the shell 20.If holding element 31 breaks or gross distortion and therefore do not have the effect of parts, bearing surface 14a is bearing on the areal of support 21a, and the neck of hook 12 directly is supported on the shell 20 like this.One of which prevents that hook 10 from falling like this, and its two friction through obvious increase between (comparing with ball bearing of main shaft 40) bearing surface 14a and the areal of support 24a provides the operator discernible breakdown signal.Cavity 21 has and is mushroom shape generally.Through hole 22 can be regarded as mushroom stalk, and cavity 21 can be regarded as the mushroom top.Transition range inner bearing face 21a with through hole 22 is set in the zone of cross-sectional plane enlargement steps down at cavity 21.

Can simply and assemble shown hoisting device 1 apace.At first bearing 40 is being sleeved on bracing ring 30 on the neck of hook 12 from above on the direction of hook 11 then simply in this case, and is locking by back-up ring 31 then.The neck of hook 12 is together with bearing 40 then, and bracing ring 30 and holding element 31 are loaded in the part of cavity 21 of one of two and half ones of shell 20.Two joints of chain 50 also are loaded in the other cavity that further is not shown specifically of shell 20.And then other half one of shell 20 is installed in and is positioned in the half following one, and connection is screwed each other in said two and half ones.

The front is worn the lifting hook that is suspended on the chain 50 around ground by nothing the utility model is set forth.Also can use other supporting member to replace chain, such as circle rope or flat band.Also can use the shell that separates 20 that having of lower sheave form, corresponding supporting member was worn around part to replace single structure of restricting.The element that bears load that also can on shell, fix other replaces hook.For example can list suspension ring here, binding clasp or clip.

The Reference numeral table

1 hoisting device

10 hooks

11 hooks

12 necks of hook

13 grooves

14 first table tops

The 14a bearing surface

15 end regions

16 join domains

17 flanges

18 mouths of hook

20 shells

21 cavitys

22 through holes

23 receive chamber

24 second table tops

The 24a areal of support

30 bracing rings

The last plane of 30a

31 holding elements

The 31a lower plane

40 bearings

41 upper bearing sleeves

The last plane of 41a

42 lower bearing sleeves

50 chains

The X longitudinal axis.

Claims

1. hoisting device, particularly lifting hook (1), it comprises: the hook (10) with the neck of hook (12); Shell (20) is provided with cavity (21) in the said shell, the said neck of hook (12) stretches in the said cavity; And holding element (31), be bearing on the said shell (20) through the said neck of hook of said holding element (12); It is characterized in that, the said neck of hook (12) and said shell (20) be arranged in said holding element (31) when inoperative the said neck of hook (12) be supported in the said cavity (21).

2. hoisting device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The said neck of hook (12) is made up of upper end region (15) and the coupled join domain that connects (16); With the said upper end region (15) of said join domain (16) adjacency on be configured with have bearing surface first table top (14) of (14a), said cavity is by receiving chamber (23) and through hole (22) formation, with the said reception chamber (23) of said through hole (22) adjacency in be configured with have areal of support second table top (24) of (24a).

3. hoisting device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Said join domain (16) has less than the diameter of said end regions (15) forming said first table top (14), and said through hole (22) has diameter less than said reception chamber (23) to form said second table top (24).

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described hoisting devices, it is characterized in that it is smooth and opposed each other that the said bearing surface (14a) of said first table top (14) and the said areal of support (24a) of said second table top (24) are respectively.

5. according to any described hoisting device in the claim 1 to 4; It is characterized in that; Said holding element (31) is constructed to back-up ring; Said holding element (31) is partly rabbeted in the groove (13) that radially is arranged in the said neck of hook (12), and the part of stretching out is bearing on the said shell (20) in said cavity (21).

6. hoisting device according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the said holding element (31) that is constructed to back-up ring has the cross-sectional plane of rectangle.

7. according to any described hoisting device in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that said holding element (31) is bearing on the said shell (20) through bearing (40), and said hook (10) is rotatably mounted around its longitudinal axis (X).

8. hoisting device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, said holding element (31) is bearing on the said bearing (40) through bracing ring (30).

9. hoisting device according to claim 8 is characterized in that, said holding element (31) lies on the last plane (30a) of said bracing ring (30) with lower plane (31a).

10. according to any described hoisting device in the claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that said shell (20) is made up of two and half ones, between this two and half one, be configured with said cavity (21).