CN202538587U - Biomass high-temperature dust collector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass high-temperature dust collector, which comprises a high-temperature resistant box body, and the box body is provided with a gas inlet, a gas outlet and an impurity discharge hole. The dust collector is characterized in that a filter trough is arranged on the inner side wall of the box body, and a filter screen is laid in the filter trough; a layer of filter medium for filtering impurity-containing biomass gas is also laid on the filter screen; the lower part of the filter trough is provided with an air chamber for accommodating clean biomass gas; the air chamber is communicated with the gas outlet; and the gas outlet is connected with a back flushing pipe. The filter trough is arranged in the box body, the air chamber of the filter trough is communicated with the gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected with the back flushing pipe, so that compared with a method that the temperature in the box body is required to be reduced to a temperature suitable for manual operation when the blocking impurities are cleaned manually, the utility model has the advantages that the dust collector can realize automatic blockage cleaning operation at a high temperature and is convenient, fast and labor-saving.

Description

The biomass high-temperature deduster

Technical field

The utility model belongs to a kind of cleaner, specifically relates to a kind of deduster of under hot environment, effectively removing impurity.

Background technology

The high-temperature dust removal technology is the visual plant of field industrial furnace energy-saving and emission-reduction such as metallurgy, the energy, chemical industry, material, burning.International in the high-temperature dust removal Study on Technology, mainly contain forms such as cyclone dust removal, high temperature electric precipitation, the filtration of ceramic chimney filter, the filtration of metal chimney filter and Bed Filtration.

In low temperature cyclone dust collectors (＜400 ℃) be widely used, be characterized in simple in structure, processing ease, cheap, but efficiency of dust collection is not high, even cyclone dust collectors the most efficiently, for 50 μ m dust, efficiency of dust collection can only reach about 96%; To 5 μ m dust, have only about 73%; And to 1 μ m, be merely about 27%.For high temperature cyclone dust removal, it is big that dusty gas viscosity becomes, and the hot properties of particle also changes, and the cyclone dust removal effect is poorer.Therefore, even three cyclone dust collectors series connection, dust removing effects can not satisfy the environment protection emission requirement, and cyclone dust collectors can only be as preparatory dedusting.

States such as U.S.A, moral, Japan are used for high-temperature dust removal to electric cleaner and explore.At present, existing reaching at 650～790 ℃, 570kpa moved 100 hours experimental record down, and efficiency of dust collection can reach 95%～99.5%.But have that corona discharge is unstable, electrode life short, to problems such as smoke components sensitivity, high-temperature insulations, in the short time, be difficult to breakthrough.

The outstanding advantage of pottery chimney filter is that filter efficiency is high, and outstanding problem is that availability and reliability are low, exists such as seal failure between tube-to-tube sheet connection; Thermal shock, mechanical shock cause the screen pipe brittle failure; Grey bridge expands with heat and contract with cold to squeeze and splits screen pipe between pipe; Thermal creep; With composition reaction-sintered or localized hyperthermia's sintering such as alkali metal; Problems such as permanent ash deposition crust.

The metal chimney filter is bigger than ceramic chimney filter intensity, thermal conductance good, and filtering layer is thin, and resistance reduces, and outstanding problem is that non-oxidizability, corrosion resistance, temperature tolerance are low, and heatproof is lower than 450 ℃ under the oxidizing atmosphere, is lower than 600 ℃ under the reducing atmosphere.

Bed Filtration is high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, economical and practical reliable, outstanding problem is to less than 10 μ m grits, and is particularly low to the submicron particle filter efficiency.

Through discovering, Bed Filtration is high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, economical and practical reliable, if can make Bed Filtration that micron and submicron particle filter efficiency are brought up to ceramic chimney filter level, it is technological so undoubtedly will to become the most competitive high-temperature dust removal.

Analyzing domestic and international research document can know, improve Bed Filtration efficient, must reduce the stratum granulosum particle diameter of filter medium, but it also is limited reducing the stratum granulosum particle diameter of filter medium.Particle diameter is too little, and the stratum granulosum pressure drop increases too fast, for moving granular bed; Just have to improve the stratum granulosum translational speed, cause between particle the changing of the relative positions big and produce reentrainment of dust, filter efficiency is reduced; And for fixed bed, high pressure drop lower surface muffin is prone to perforation, and filter efficiency is descended fast; Reduce the stratum granulosum particle diameter of filter medium so only depend on, it is limited improving filter efficiency, is difficult to fundamentally solve the inefficient problem of Bed Filtration.

In order fundamentally to solve the inefficient problem of Bed Filtration; University Of Ningbo poplar state China utility model multilayer filtering material particle bed steps level filter new technology; Basic principle is: multilayer filtering material particle bed is made up of two-layer filtrate up and down, also can be made up of in last time three-layer filter.The upper strata filtering material particle is big, the space is big, and dust containing capacity is big, pressure drop is low, is the deep-bed filtration characteristic, can rise and improve bed dust containing capacity, prolongation cleaning cycle, the effect of protection fine grained layer; The intermediate layer filtering material particle is thinner, is shallow-layer filtering feature (dust infiltrate filtering layer shallow and lack), plays further to protect the fine grained layer; Lower floor's filtering material particle is the thinnest, and the filter material layer surface can form muffin, with dirt filter dirt; Be the surface filtration characteristic, high efficiency is intercepted and captured micron and submicron particle, particularly because the protection of upper strata filtrate, middle level filtrate has been arranged; Can make the dust concentration that arrives this fine grained layer be reduced to 1/75～1/200 of upper strata filter material layer inlet dust concentration; Reduce the growth rate of fine grained layer muffin pressure drop widely, significantly improve the filter efficiency of fine dust, prolong cleaning cycle.

The core that multilayer filtering material particle bed steps level is filtered new technology is: step filters, that is: coarse media filters meal dirt, and the fine filtering material filters fine dust, thereby reaches high efficiency and low pressure drop, and this is that any individual layer filtering material particle bed all can not reach.

The ingenious part that multilayer filtering material particle bed steps level is filtered new technology is: the particle diameter of each metafiltration material successively reduces from top to bottom successively; The grain density of each metafiltration material then successively increases from top to bottom successively; Make the step filtration successively of each metafiltration material; And can be under same gas speed common fluidisation, deashing and not mixing mutually mutually fast, the step strainability is constant forever.Make a brief account in the face of existing several kinds of typical granular bed filter dedusting technologies down.

Rake formula deashing stratum granulosum dirt catcher.This is that a kind of stratum granulosum is positioned over the online fixed bed filtering device of horizontal screen, and it adopts the revolution rake to stir filtering layer and combine the return air deashing.Once sold by German Munich cleaner manufactured the seventies.Once there were tens cement plants that this filter has been installed.But rake is just bad in about 1 year.This device shortcoming is that jam, wearing and tearing appear in the transmission mechanism of comb rake easily, and screen cloth is easily by particles clog etc.

Dust remover with boiling-particle layer.This also is that a kind of stratum granulosum is positioned over the online fixed bed filtering device of horizontal screen; Filter process is similar with single rake formula, and during deashing, the blowback air blasts through airflow-distribution board below stratum granulosum with certain flow rate and pressure; Make stratum granulosum be fluidization (being fluidized state); Make the dust that amasss in stratum granulosum because of collision between particle, friction come off,, reach the purpose of stratum granulosum deashing by the blowback carried away by air movement.Ducon company proposed the gravel bed filter of this fluidization reverse gas cleaning mode in 1970, and had designed several kinds of forms, but not commerical test and application.

Cross-flow type moving bed stratum granulosum dirt catcher.Cross-flow type moving bed stratum granulosum dirt catcher is a kind of pattern that moving bed stratum granulosum dirt catcher occurs the earliest; Basic principle is, filtrate keeps certain thickness vertical filtering layer under the clamping of screen cloth or venetian blind type plate, and moves from top to bottom because of the gravity effect; The dusty gas level is passed through stratum granulosum; Form cross-current, dust is held back by filtering layer, and gas is purified.Report that India is developing a kind of moving bed filter in the paper that nineteen ninety-five delivers, be used for the dust removal by filtration of PFBC high-temperature flue gas.The filtrate that is characterized in circulating adopts pneumatic conveying mode, and filtrate is separated by top one inertia separator with dust, and strength carries the ash-laden gas of usefulness to be purified by cyclone dust collectors and sack cleaner two-stage series connection.

There is not sieve adverse current mobile layer filter.Not having sieve adverse current mobile layer filter is that the filter diameter has reached 4m, has reached the scale of commercial Application by the American Studies exploitation.The nineties, hot working research institute of China national Utilities Electric Co. did not research and develop nothing sieve adverse current mobile layer filter pilot system yet under country's 95 key scientific and technological projects and the subsidy of state key base research and development planned project.

The utility model content

In order to solve the problem that prior art exists, the utility model provides a kind of deduster that can at high temperature reach good dust removing effects.

In order to realize above purpose; The technical scheme of the utility model is following: a kind of biomass high-temperature deduster; Comprise resistant to elevated temperatures casing, casing has fuel gas inlet, gas outlet and impurity discharging opening, and said box inside wall mounting filtering groove is also laid filter screen in said lautertuns; Also be covered with one deck filter medium above the filter screen to filter impure biological fuel gas; The bottom of said lautertuns has the air compartment that holds clean biological fuel gas, and this air compartment is communicated with gas outlet, and said gas outlet connects anti-blowpipe.

Further, said lautertuns is made up of the Turbogrid plates with grid, side plate and swash plate, the Turbogrid plates that side plate connection level is laid and the swash plate of inclination, and Turbogrid plates, side plate and swash plate enclose with box inside and surround air compartment.

Said side plate is vertical each other with Turbogrid plates, and swash plate and horizontal angle are 10～20 °.

Said side plate also is connected with guide plate.

Said side plate, swash plate and guide plate insulation material parcel are wherein.

Said cabinets cavity is cubic cavity, and said lautertuns is positioned at the left side, and said impurity outlet is positioned at following right-hand member.

Said anti-blowpipe is equipped with switch valve.

Offer the blowback inlet between the gas outlet of said anti-blowpipe and the switch valve.

Said casing top offers the mouth that gives out of gas, and at mouthful explosion-proof water seal arrangement of installation that gives out of gas.

Said box inside is provided with the preheating burner near the fuel gas inlet place.

Compared with prior art, the utility model is owing to be provided with lautertuns in casing, and the air compartment of lautertuns is communicated with gas outlet, and gas outlet connects anti-blowpipe.When impure biological fuel gas after get in the casing; Big and heavy impurity falls to the impurity outlet, and light thin impurity still follows combustion gas through lautertuns, and light thin impurity is deposited on the filter medium top layer under the obstruct of filter medium; Clean combustion gas through filtering gets into air compartment, is discharged by gas outlet; When impurity excessively is deposited on the filter medium top layer, pressure drop is increased, even influence upstream equipment and normally move; At this moment; Through to the reverse non-combustible gas that is blown into of anti-blowpipe, the impurity of deposition is hiked up and drop to the impurity outlet, reach the purpose that impurity is stopped up in automatic removing.When removing obstruction impurity, temperature is reduced to and is fit to the manual work temperature method of operation again in the casings such as need compared with manual work, and the utility model can realize removing automatically obstruction operation, more convenient and quicker, less manpower under the condition of high temperature.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of deduster.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of lautertuns.

Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.

The specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, hot precipitator is made up of casing 1, lautertuns 2, filter screen 3, explosion-proof water seal 5 and anti-blowpipe 6.The inner chamber of casing 1 is cubic cavity, and the casing top offers fuel gas inlet 7, and the casing left side offers gas outlet 8; Lower box takes over and offers impurity discharging opening 9; Casing left side installed inside two cover lautertuns 2, gas outlet 8 connects anti-blowpipe 6, and anti-blowpipe is equipped with stop valve 10; Offer blowback inlet 20 between stop valve 10 and the gas outlet 8, impurity discharging opening 9 connects discharge bucket 21.

As shown in Figure 2, lautertuns is by Turbogrid plates 11, skeleton and build material 14 and form.Turbogrid plates 11 are horizontally disposed with, and are used to lay the filtration part with pore, and it sparsely offers grid 16, and the area of grid 16 is at least 9.0cm ²Skeleton is connected to form by side plate 13, swash plate 12 and guide plate 15.Side plate 13 vertically is provided with, and its same side is connected with Turbogrid plates 11 and swash plate 12, swash plate 12 be positioned at Turbogrid plates 11 below, swash plate 12 is positioned at the lower end of side plate 13.Swash plate 12 becomes 15 ° of angles with the horizontal line face.The end face of the medial surface of the bottom surface of Turbogrid plates 11, side plate 13 and swash plate 12 surrounds a semi-enclosed air compartment 22 jointly, and air compartment 22 is communicated with gas outlet 8.The upper end of side plate 13 connects the guide plate 15 of inclination, and guide plate is outward-dipping.For the intensity that strengthens skeleton and high temperature resistant, skeleton need wrap up one deck insulation and build material 14.As shown in Figure 3, the overall width of lautertuns is 1 meter to 3 meters, and it is inboard that side 17 all is closely attached on the casing front and back, and side 18 is closely attached on the inboard filter element that forms in a casing left side.Lay one deck filter screens 3 above the Turbogrid plates 11, on the filter screen about pore diameter 1mm, and spread quartz sand 4 as filter medium at filter screen.

To cause danger in order preventing HTHP to occur in the casing, also to offer at the casing top and diffuse mouthfuls 19, and explosion-proof water seal arrangement 5 is installed diffusing mouthfuls 19.For in the temperature of deduster initial operating stage as early as possible near the biological fuel gas temperature, thereby light the purpose that the combustion gas that gets into deduster reaches the preheating deduster in advance, be provided with burner 23 near the fuel gas inlet place.

Claims (10)

1. a biomass high-temperature deduster comprises resistant to elevated temperatures casing, and casing has fuel gas inlet, gas outlet and impurity discharging opening; It is characterized in that: said box inside wall mounting filtering groove; And in said lautertuns, lay filter screen, and also being covered with one deck filter medium above the filter screen to filter impure biological fuel gas, the bottom of said lautertuns has the air compartment that holds clean biological fuel gas; This air compartment is communicated with gas outlet, and said gas outlet connects anti-blowpipe.

2. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said lautertuns is made up of the Turbogrid plates with grid, side plate and swash plate, the Turbogrid plates that side plate connection level is laid and the swash plate of inclination, and Turbogrid plates, side plate and swash plate enclose with box inside and surround air compartment.

3. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said side plate is vertical each other with Turbogrid plates, and swash plate and horizontal angle are 10～20 °.

4. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 3 is characterized in that said side plate also is connected with guide plate.

5. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 2 is characterized in that, said side plate, swash plate and guide plate insulation material parcel are wherein.

6. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 1 is characterized in that said cabinets cavity is cubic cavity, and said lautertuns is positioned at the left side, and said impurity outlet is positioned at following right-hand member.

7. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 1 is characterized in that said anti-blowpipe is equipped with switch valve.

8. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 7 is characterized in that, offers the blowback inlet between the gas outlet of said anti-blowpipe and the switch valve.

9. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said casing top offers the mouth that gives out of gas, and at mouthful explosion-proof water seal arrangement of installation that gives out of gas.

10. biomass high-temperature deduster according to claim 1 is characterized in that said box inside is provided with the preheating burner near the fuel gas inlet place.

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