CN202533806U - Synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system - Google Patents
Synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system Download PDFInfo
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- CN202533806U CN202533806U CN2012200436892U CN201220043689U CN202533806U CN 202533806 U CN202533806 U CN 202533806U CN 2012200436892 U CN2012200436892 U CN 2012200436892U CN 201220043689 U CN201220043689 U CN 201220043689U CN 202533806 U CN202533806 U CN 202533806U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system. All mechanical parts of single-shaft tracking supports used for synchronous tracking in the synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system are the same. All the supports are provided with the same AC power-driven push rods respectively. All the power-driven push rods are driven by the same frequency converters respectively. One of the single-shaft tracking supports used for synchronous tracking is equipped with an inclined angle sensor used for angle feedback of all the single-shaft tracking supports used for synchronous tracking. All the single-shaft tracking supports used for synchronous-tracking are controlled by a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). The PLC controls all the single-shaft tracking supports used for synchronous tracking to be in synchronous rotation through at least one control bus. Over-extending limit switches and over-shortening limit switches are arranged in the AC power-driven push rods respectively. Normally-closed contacts of the limit switches are connected to external input return circuits of the frequency converters in series. The frequency converters are connected to the power-driven push rods correspondingly and the external input return circuits control the forward rotation and the reverse rotation. Therefore, the power-driven push rods are controlled to stop when a limit mechanism position is overstepped. All the single-shaft tracking supports used for synchronous tracking are designed to have the same rotation angle when the power-driven push rods are moving to an over-shortening position or an over-extending position. The PLC controls all the supports used for synchronous tracking to restore to the same angle regularly, thereby eliminating accumulative errors. The synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system provided by the utility model only needs one PLC and one inclined angle sensor. The main electric control units all adopt mature industrial control devices. The reliability is high, the tracking precision is high, the wiring technique is simple, and the initial manufacturing cost of the tracking supports and the later maintenance cost are reduced substantially. The synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system has a good development prospect.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system, especially synchronously following-up type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system.
Background technology
Single-shaft tracking system can be divided into flat single shaft and oblique single-shaft tracking system, and wherein flat single-shaft tracking system can make the generated energy of photovoltaic plant improve 10% ~ 20%, and tiltedly single-shaft tracking system can be so that the generated energy of photovoltaic plant improves 20% ~ 40%; Though single-shaft tracking system is affirmed by industry that for the lifting effect of generated energy its cost is high, the low application scale that is also restricting single-shaft tracking system of reliability always.
In order to reduce the cost of tracker electric control gear; Chinese patent: a kind of method for synchronized array tracking solar photovoltaic generator automatically (application number 200610042437.7) proposes the alternating current generator of some tracking supports is connected on the AC bus; Through the polarity of control AC bus and the synchronous rotation that break-make is controlled alternating current generator on the some tracking supports on the AC bus, realize following the tracks of synchronously.The shortcoming of this tracking is: (1) because bus has resistance, the pressure drop that is connected between terminal voltage to the supply voltage of each alternating current generator on the bus is different, thereby rotating speed of motor is different, causes tracking accuracy low; (2) because each mechanical part of following the tracks of support is difficult to identically, and suffered load is difference to some extent also, and because the difference of alternating current generator terminal voltage, each support has tracking error, and through after the long-term accumulation, tracker can't operate as normal; (3) the direct start and stop alternating current generator of above-mentioned AC bus impacts very greatly to motor and the gear that connected thereof, influence the reliability and the life-span of equipment; (4) follow the tracks of support and run to no mechanical position limitation protection measure behind the extreme position, can cause the equipment property loss; (5) in order to realize that alternating current generator drives and manually control, need integrated contactor, button, electric motor protective device and contactor surge absorption device etc., distribution and processing trouble, production quality control requires high, and reliability is low.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above; The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of synchronous following-up type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system; This tracker not only tracking accuracy is high, also possesses functions such as soft start and soft stop, mechanical position limitation protection, and electric control gear major control and driver part are industrial matured product; Assembling is easy, and wiring is simple.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is taked following technical scheme: all uniaxiality tracking rack mechanical parts of following the tracks of synchronously are identical, and adopt identical AC electrical push rod to drive, and each AC electrical push rod is supplied power by power supply through identical frequency converter.
The just commentaries on classics of all frequency converters, reverse and stop to be set to by outside input control.
The voltage of the output of all frequency converters, frequency and phase sequence are set at identical.
All uniaxiality tracking supports of following the tracks of are synchronously controlled by 1 PLC; The switching value output of PLC links to each other with the outside input of the frequency converter that electric pushrod connected of all uniaxiality tracking supports of synchronous tracking; Control all motors of following the tracks of support and end with same speed forward, reverse or stop simultaneously, corresponding electric pushrod extends synchronously, shortens or stops.
On at least 1 uniaxiality tracking support obliquity sensor is housed therein, and is sent to PLC; PLC onboard clock chip, all supports that will follow the tracks of synchronously according to the feedback of current time, local latitude, longitude and obliquity sensor are adjusted to the angle of appointment.
Each AC electrical push rod inside was furnished with elongation and crossed and shorten two limit switches; The normally closed contact of these two limit switches is connected serially to respectively in the outside input circuit that the control of frequency converter that this electric pushrod connects just changes, reverses; When thereby the motor through outside input control electric pushrod is just changeing the electric pushrod elongation; Electric pushrod is crossed the action of elongation limit switch after being elongated to extreme position, and corresponding normally closed contact breaks off, the stall of Frequency Converter Control motor; During outside input control of conversion device counter-rotating with just change in like manner.So just realized the mechanical position limitation defencive function.
Frequency converter itself has soft start and soft stop function, thereby avoids to the impact of electric pushrod middle gear and to the rush of current of power supply.
When electric pushrod ran to shortening or crossed extended position, the anglec of rotation of support was identical with all the uniaxiality tracking support of following the tracks of synchronously designs; Before daybreak every day; The electric pushrod of all uniaxiality tracking supports that PLC control is followed the tracks of synchronously elongates or shortens; Ran to elongation or crossed the shortening state until it and stopped automatically; It is synchronous fully that this moment, all uniaxiality tracking supports of following the tracks of were synchronously followed the tracks of angle, thereby eliminate the accumulated error of support tracking in a day.
The utility model is owing to take above technical scheme, and it has the following advantages:
(1) all uniaxiality tracking supports of following the tracks of synchronously only need 1 PLC and 1 obliquity sensor;
(2) electric pushrod adopts inverter supply; Even cause the input voltage of different frequency converters that certain difference is arranged owing to service cable length is different; Frequency converter also can be identical to the power source voltage and the frequency of electric pushrod power supply, thereby improved the precision of synchronous tracking;
(3) electric pushrod adopts inverter supply, possesses functions such as soft start, soft stop, overcurrent protection, can prolong the life-span of electric pushrod, improves the reliability of tracker;
(4) possess the mechanical position limitation function, guarantee to follow the tracks of do not exceed the maximum position and impaired of support;
(5) possess regularly to reset and eliminate the function of cumulative errors, the precision of tracking is provided;
(6) a whole set of electric control gear only needs PLC, frequency converter, obliquity sensor and electric pushrod, and these equipment are industrial matured product, and cost is low, reliability is high, directly carries out simple wiring after the buying and gets final product;
(7) because the power of single AC electrical push rod is bigger, can promote the photovoltaic uniaxiality tracking support of some groups of mechanical linkages, make that automatically controlled cost was extremely low when the present invention was applied to mechanical linkage type photovoltaic uniaxiality tracking support;
(8) installation connection is simple.After each single shaft support electric pushrod of following the tracks of was synchronously joined the frequency converter major loop and power supply is linked to each other, only need link to each other with the PLC controller through control bus got final product;
(9) the PLC configuration is simple.Owing to only need to connect 1 obliquity sensor, only need minimum 2 passive dry contacts of output can realize synchro control, PLC is extremely low to the demand of outside I/0 configuration, can reduce cost;
(10) the power driven system cost is low, reliability is high.The general power of AC electrical push rod is bigger, can promote more powerful single shaft support.If the single shaft support to promote the 23.5kWp photovoltaic arrays is an example, required AC electrical push rod power is only about 900W; Adopt the utility model to realize following the tracks of synchronously if having 10 such single shaft supports; Only need with 1 technical grade obliquity sensor (about 800 yuan) and 1 industrial general PLC (about 2000 yuan) and 10 frequency converters (about each 600 yuan), automatically controlled cost is 0.05 yuan/Wp (not containing push rod) only.And because the industrial matured product of a large amount of employings, electric control gear is simple, reliable.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an electric control gear major loop wiring diagram.
Fig. 2 is an electric control gear control loop wiring diagram.
1-1 ~ 1-n is the AC electrical push rod among the figure, and 2-1 ~ 2-n is a frequency converter, and 3 is isolating switch; 4 is PLC, and 5 is PLC onboard clock chip, and 6 is obliquity sensor; M1 is the outside input that the control of conversion device is just changeing, and M2 is the outside input of control of conversion device counter-rotating, and M0 is outside input common port; S1-1 ~ S1-n is that electric pushrod is crossed elongation limit switch normally closed contact, and S2-1 ~ S2-n is that electric pushrod is crossed shortening limit switch normally closed contact, and K1, K2 are PLC switching value output control contact.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the detailed description of carrying out to the utility model.
In Fig. 1; N the uniaxiality tracking support that physical construction is identical arranged; (1-1 ~ 1-n) drive, each AC electrical push rod are furnished with identical frequency converter, and (2-1 ~ 2-n), frequency converter links to each other with power supply through isolating switch (3) all to adopt identical AC electrical push rod.The just commentaries on classics of all frequency converters, reverse and stop to be set to by outside input control.The voltage of the out-put supply of all frequency converters, frequency and phase sequence are set at identical.Even cause the input voltage of different frequency converters that certain difference is arranged owing to service cable length is different, frequency converter also can be identical to the power source voltage and the frequency of electric pushrod power supply, thereby improved the precision of synchronous tracking; Electric pushrod adopts inverter supply, possesses functions such as soft start, soft stop, overcurrent protection, can prolong the life-span of electric pushrod, improves the reliability of tracker.
In Fig. 2, and frequency converter (2-1 ~ 2-n) by the sub-M1 of external input terminals, M2, M0 control.When M1, M0 connection, frequency converter just changes when M2, M0 disconnection, corresponding push rod elongation; When M1, M0 disconnection, M2, frequency converter counter-rotating when M0 is communicated with, corresponding push rod shortens; In addition, frequency converter stops, and corresponding push rod stops.
In Fig. 2, each AC electrical push rod inside was furnished with elongation and crossed the shortening limit switch, and corresponding normally closed contact is respectively S1-1 ~ S1-n, S2-1 ~ S2-n, and the tracking angle of this n uniaxiality tracking support correspondence when electric pushrod is in extreme position is identical.Link to each other with PLC again after on the crossing elongation, cross M1 that the normally closed contact that shortens limit switch is connected on corresponding frequency converter respectively of the electric pushrod of each uniaxiality tracking support, the M2 input terminal; In case promptly electric pushrod is crossed elongation or cross to be shortened then corresponding normally closed contact is opened; Frequency converter can only stop or toward opposite-oriented movement, play the effect of mechanical position limitation protection.
In Fig. 2, all uniaxiality tracking supports of following the tracks of synchronously are by PLC (4) control, and the outside input of the frequency converter that electric pushrod connected is by switching value output K1, the K2 control of PLC (4).When all electric pushrods all were in the interval, normal position, the limit switch contact was in normally off, if K1 is closed, K2 breaks off, then all Frequency Converter Control motor synchronous are just changeed, and the electric pushrod of all uniaxiality tracking supports extends synchronously; If K1 breaks off, K2 is closed, then all frequency converters reverse synchronously, and the electric pushrod of all uniaxiality tracking supports shortens synchronously; When K1, K2 broke off simultaneously or be closed, then all frequency converters stopped, and electric pushrod stops synchronously.PLC (4) is furnished with clock chip (5) in inside; On a tracking support obliquity sensor (6) is installed therein; PLC (4) is according to the feedback of latitude, longitude and the obliquity sensor (6) of current time, locality, and all supports that control is followed the tracks of synchronously are from the motion tracking sun.Before the formal tracking every morning sun; PLC (4) sends the forward or reverse instruction; And the enough time of delaying time makes the push rod of all supports all run to elongation or crosses the shortening position that this moment, all support angles of following the tracks of synchronously were identical, thereby eliminated the accumulated error of following the tracks of synchronously the previous day.After accumulated error was eliminated, all supports that PLC (4) control is followed the tracks of were synchronously accomplished one day new tracking.
Based on the quantity of the uniaxiality tracking support of synchronous tracking, can be with after following the tracks of support and dividing into groups, the outside input of every group of frequency converter that electric pushrod connected of following the tracks of support is respectively by 1 group of switching value output control of PLC (4), but every group of switching value is simultaneously with output.
Claims (3)
1. synchronous following-up type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system is characterized in that: all uniaxiality tracking rack mechanical parts of following the tracks of synchronously are identical and by 1 PLC synchro control; Each support is furnished with 1 identical AC electrical push rod, and each AC electrical push rod inside was furnished with elongation and crossed and shorten two limit switches; Each electric pushrod is driven by 1 identical frequency converter, and all frequency converters are set at outside input control, and voltage, frequency and the phase sequence of all frequency converter outputs are set at identical; Above-mentioned PLC links to each other with the outside input control terminal of the frequency converter of all uniaxiality tracking supports of synchronous tracking through switching value output; The electric pushrod of each uniaxiality tracking support of following the tracks of is synchronously joined crosses elongation, cross that control that the normally closed contact that shortens limit switch is connected on frequency converter that this electric pushrod connects is just being changeed and the outside input circuit that reverses in; Wherein obliquity sensor being housed and being sent to above-mentioned PLC at least 1 support in following the tracks of synchronously.
2. according to claims 1 described a kind of synchronous following-up type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system, it is characterized in that: when all uniaxiality tracking supports of following the tracks of synchronously ran to shortening or crossed extended position at electric pushrod, the angle of support was identical.
3. according to claims 1 or 2 described a kind of synchronous following-up type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking systems, it is characterized in that: frequency converter is provided with soft start and soft stop function.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200436892U CN202533806U (en) | 2012-02-12 | 2012-02-12 | Synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2012200436892U CN202533806U (en) | 2012-02-12 | 2012-02-12 | Synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system |
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| CN202533806U true CN202533806U (en) | 2012-11-14 |
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| CN2012200436892U Expired - Fee Related CN202533806U (en) | 2012-02-12 | 2012-02-12 | Synchronous-tracking-type photovoltaic single-shaft tracking system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103986387A (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2014-08-13 | 富士电机株式会社 | AC motor control device and control method |
-
2012
- 2012-02-12 CN CN2012200436892U patent/CN202533806U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103986387A (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2014-08-13 | 富士电机株式会社 | AC motor control device and control method |
| CN103986387B (en) * | 2013-02-12 | 2017-11-14 | 富士电机株式会社 | The control device and control method of ac motor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20121114 Termination date: 20130212 |