CN202486070U - Reflective X-ray coal ash content and heating value detector - Google Patents
Reflective X-ray coal ash content and heating value detector Download PDFInfo
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- CN202486070U CN202486070U CN201120575074XU CN201120575074U CN202486070U CN 202486070 U CN202486070 U CN 202486070U CN 201120575074X U CN201120575074X U CN 201120575074XU CN 201120575074 U CN201120575074 U CN 201120575074U CN 202486070 U CN202486070 U CN 202486070U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a reflective X-ray coal ash content and heating value detector which comprises an X-ray apparatus, at least one X-ray detector, a ranging sensor and a calculating device. The X-ray apparatus is located above coal flow to be tested and is used for emitting X-ray to the coal flow to be tested. The X-ray detectors are located above the coal flow to be tested and are used for measuring energy spectrum of X-ray reflected by the coal flow to be tested. The ranging sensor is located above the coal flow to be tested and is used for measuring a distance from the X-ray detector to the coal flow to be tested. The X-ray detectors and the ranging sensor are respectively connected with the calculating device to transmit the measured energy spectrum and distance to the calculating device, and the calculating device calculates ash content and heating value of the coal flow to be tested according to the energy spectrum and distance. A traditional radioactive source is replaced by an X-ray emitter for the reflective X-ray coal ash content and heating value detector, and accordingly safety in radioactive source management is improved. The reflective X-ray coal ash content and heating value detector is beneficial for improvement of measurement precision.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the coal detection range, particularly a kind of Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit and detection method thereof.
Background technology
Ash content of coal and thermal value are to weigh the important parameter of Coal Quality, and the thermal value of coal can be calculated through ash content, so the ash content of coal online measuring technique is the important technology of the online detection of coal.Radiometric technique is generally adopted in the online detection of existing ash content of coal; For example: low energy gamma ray anti-scattering method, high-energy gamma ray pair effect, natural gamma ray mensuration, dual energy gamma ray transmissive method, neutron activation prompt fission gammas analytic approach.
Wherein, low energy gamma ray anti-scattering method, high-energy gamma ray pair effect, natural gamma ray mensuration are proved to be and all have various restrictions and cause not too being fit to ash content and measure, and therefore are not widely used.Neutron activation prompt fission gammas analytical technology can be analyzed each elemental composition in the coal, can not only provide ash content, and also energy measurement goes out the multiple elemental composition in the coal.But its equipment price is than other type equipment high a lot (tens times); The neutron source that it adopts, like californium-252, or neutron tube, the life-span is all lower, needs periodic replacement, has further increased cost; It measures the precision of ash content in addition, unlike dual energy gamma ray transmissive Fa Genggao.Therefore, neutron activation prompt fission gammas analytic approach also is not suitable for large-scale industrial application.
It is the widest ash content of coal on-line measurement mode of using at present that dual energy gamma ray transmissive method is measured ash content; Although still there is the relevant limitation of elemental composition in measurement result and the coal in it; But compare with above-mentioned other method, it has clear superiority on the dynamic coal stream that is suitable for various granularities, thickness, density.But this method adopts radioactive isotope as radioactive source, and radioactive source may exert an influence to environment owing to leakage in use, transportation, retired process, and therefore the popularization of this method also is restricted.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is intended to solve at least one of above-mentioned technological deficiency, particularly solves in the prior art: the application limitations of radioactive source; The ash content of coal measurement receives the influence that constituent content changes in the coal; Reflection measurement receives problems such as coal stream thickness effect.
For achieving the above object, the utility model proposes a kind of Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit on the one hand, comprising: x-ray apparatus, be positioned at the top that tested coal flows, and be used for to said tested coal stream emission x ray; At least one X ray sniffer is positioned at the top that said tested coal flows, and is used to measure the power spectrum by the X ray of said tested coal stream reflection; Distance measuring sensor is positioned at the top that said tested coal flows, and is used to measure the distance that said tested coal flows to said X ray sniffer; Calculation element; Said X ray sniffer is connected with said calculation element; The power spectrum of the said X ray that records is transferred to said calculation element; Said distance measuring sensor is connected with said calculation element, the said tested coal that records is flow to Distance Transmission to the said calculation element of said X ray sniffer, and said calculation element goes out the ash content and the thermal value of said tested coal stream according to said power spectrum and distance calculation.
The utility model adopts x-ray apparatus to substitute radioactive source, measures ash content, and x-ray apparatus produces X ray through electric energy, and powered-down just can not send ray, has solved the application limitations problem of radioactive source.
Because the continuous X ray of x-ray apparatus emitted energy; The different X ray of energy is different with the action section of material element; Therefore with after the measured matter effect, comprised a lot of information in the X-ray energy spectrum that is reflected about the measured matter elemental composition; The more useful information of backscattering line of the ray of the spread in energy that can obtain to send than radioactive source can improve the ash content measuring accuracy, improves the influence that the ash content of coal measurement is changed by constituent content.
According to Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and the thermal value pick-up unit of the utility model embodiment, utilize the distance of the probe of distance measuring sensor measured X ray detecting device to tested coal stream surface.There is an approximate relation in X ray between the intensity of reflection X ray and the ash content of coal after the reflection of coal stream, promptly ash content is high more, and reflected ray intensity is low more, can calculate ash content according to the relation of the two.But reflected ray intensity also and reflection spot to distance dependent between the X ray sniffer, the approximate decay that square is inversely proportional to of reflected ray intensity with distance.Because reflected ray has to all directions; X ray sniffer and reflection spot distance are near more; Amount of radiation that can directive X ray sniffer is just many more, if coal stream variation in thickness, then reflection spot to the X ray sniffer apart from just changing; System can't distinguish like this, is that ash content changes or the reflected ray Strength Changes that variation in thickness causes.And the utility model embodiment like the ultrasonic ranging sensor, measures the distance of X ray sniffer to coal stream surface through distance measuring sensor is set, the intensity that then can proofread and correct reflected ray, thus obtain ash content information.In addition, if adopt low energy X ray, it is reflected to the distance of detection from the coal surface; Intensity can receive the decay of air, if measured the X ray sniffer to the surperficial distance of coal stream, then according to the exponential damping law of X ray; Can proofread and correct the decay of this part, improve the degree of accuracy of measuring.
In an embodiment of the utility model; The ray of said x-ray apparatus emission comprises the continuous bremsstrahlung X ray of energy; Said at least one X ray sniffer is used to measure the power spectrum of the X ray after said bremsstrahlung X ray is reflected by said coal stream; Said calculation element is according to the power spectrum of the X ray of said reflection, and the said coal that measures of said distance measuring sensor flows to the distance of said X ray sniffer, calculates the ash content and the thermal value of said tested coal stream.
In an embodiment of the utility model; Said Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit also comprise calibrated bolck, and said calibrated bolck is positioned at the top of said tested coal stream, wherein: in the measuring process of said coal stream; Said calibrated bolck is raised; Make the X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission shine directly into said coal stream, arrived said sniffer by the X ray of said coal stream reflection, whole process is not stopped by said calibrated bolck; When stopping to transport coal; Said calibrated bolck is placed between conveyer belt and said x-ray apparatus, the said X ray sniffer; The x-ray bombardment that makes said x-ray apparatus emission is to said calibrated bolck; Said X ray sniffer is measured by the power spectrum of the X ray of said calibrated bolck reflection, and the power spectrum that is used to proofread and correct the X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission changes.Because x-ray apparatus is in the process of long-term work; The power spectrum of the X ray of its emission possibly change; The power spectrum that will cause being flowed the X ray of reflection by said tested coal changes, thereby influences the ash content measurement, and passes through to compare the power spectrum of the X ray of the said calibrated bolck reflection in the different time; Can derive the variation of the X-ray energy spectrum of said x-ray apparatus emission, and then proofread and correct by the power spectrum variation of the X ray of said tested coal stream reflection.
In an embodiment of the utility model, said X ray sniffer comprises X-ray detector, high-voltage power supply and detectable signal collector.
In an embodiment of the utility model, said X-ray detector comprises a kind of in scintillation detector, proportional counter tube and the semiconductor detector.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the window of said scintillation detector is the beryllium window.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the energy resolution of said semiconductor detector is greater than 250eV.
In an embodiment of the utility model, said detectable signal collector comprises a kind of or combination in multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, single channel pulse height analyzer or the voltage comparator.
In an embodiment of the utility model, said X ray emitter comprises X-ray tube, and said X-ray tube instrumentation tubes voltage is 10kV-200kV.
In an embodiment of the utility model, said X-ray tube adopts silver-colored target.
In an embodiment of the utility model, said X ray emitter and X-ray detector are arranged on to be surveyed in the case, is used for waterproof and dustproof.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the lower surface of said detection case is 2cm apart from the upper surface minimum spacing of said tested coal stream.
In an embodiment of the utility model, heating and refrigerating plant are installed in the said detector case, said heating and refrigerating plant are used to keep the temperature constant in the said detection case.
The utility model also proposes the detection method of a kind of above-mentioned Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit on the other hand, and said detection method may further comprise the steps: said x-ray apparatus is to said tested coal stream emission X ray; Said at least one X ray sniffer is measured by the power spectrum of the X ray of said tested coal stream reflection; Said distance measuring sensor is measured the distance that said tested coal flows to said X ray sniffer; Said calculation element calculates the ash content and the thermal value of said tested coal stream according to the distance that the power spectrum and the said tested coal of the X ray of said reflection flows to said ray detecting device.
In an embodiment of the utility model, the X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission comprises the continuous bremsstrahlung X ray of energy; Said at least one X ray sniffer is used to measure the power spectrum of the X ray after said bremsstrahlung X ray is reflected by said coal stream; Said calculation element is according to the power spectrum of the X ray of said reflection; And said tested coal flows to the distance of said X ray sniffer, calculates the ash content and the thermal value of said tested coal stream.
In an embodiment of the utility model, said Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit also comprise calibrated bolck, and said calibrated bolck is positioned at the top of said tested coal stream.In the measuring process of said coal stream, said calibrated bolck is raised, and makes the X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission shine directly into said coal stream, is arrived said sniffer by the X ray of said coal stream reflection, and whole process is not stopped by said calibrated bolck; When stopping to transport coal; Said calibrated bolck is placed between conveyer belt and said x-ray apparatus, the said X ray sniffer; The x-ray bombardment that makes said x-ray apparatus emission is to said calibrated bolck; Said X ray sniffer is measured by the power spectrum of the X ray of said calibrated bolck reflection, and the power spectrum that is used to proofread and correct the X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission changes.
The utility model provides a kind of Reflection X-ray pick-up unit and detection method thereof, is used for the measurement of ash content of coal and thermal value.The utility model is fit to be applied to the production and processing (for example colliery, coal washery) of coal and utilizes (for example coke-oven plant, fuel-burning power plant) place etc.The advantage applies of the utility model embodiment exists:
(1) adopt the X ray emitter to replace traditional radioactive source (for example Pu-238, Am-241, Cs-137, Ba-133 etc.), because the no ray output under the situation of powered-down of X ray emitter improves the security that emissive source is managed;
(2) utilize the continuous X-ray energy spectrum of X ray emitter emitted energy; The Strength Changes of the X ray of the different-energy that reflects is flowed in measurement by coal; The high atomic number element ratio changes the influence to ash content of coal and measurement of calorific value in correction coal stream thickness and the coal, improves the degree of accuracy of measuring;
(3) utilize the distance of the probe of distance measurement sensor measured X ray detecting device, proofread and correct of the influence of coal stream thickness, improve the degree of accuracy of measuring ash content of coal and measurement of calorific value to coal stream surface.
Aspect that the utility model is additional and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize through the practice of the utility model.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the utility model and advantage are from obviously with easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is according to the Reflection X-ray ash content of coal of the utility model embodiment and the structural representation of thermal value pick-up unit;
Fig. 2 is according to the Reflection X-ray ash content of coal of the utility model embodiment and the detection method process flow diagram of thermal value pick-up unit.
Embodiment
Describe the embodiment of the utility model below in detail, the example of said embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Be exemplary through the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings below, only be used to explain the utility model, and can not be interpreted as restriction the utility model.
In the description of the utility model, need to prove that only if clear and definite regulation and qualification are arranged in addition, term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be to be fixedly connected, also can be to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be to be electrically connected; Can be directly to link to each other, also can link to each other indirectly through intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For those of ordinary skill in the art, can concrete condition understand the concrete implication of above-mentioned term in the utility model.
In addition, in the description of the utility model, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " a plurality of " is two or more.
In the description of this instructions, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means the concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics that combine this embodiment or example to describe and is contained among at least one embodiment or example of the utility model.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics of description can combine with suitable manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Shown in Figure 1 is according to the Reflection X-ray ash content of coal of the utility model embodiment and the structural representation of thermal value pick-up unit.As shown in Figure 1, this Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit comprise: x-ray apparatus 100, at least one X ray sniffer, distance measuring sensor 800, calculation element 300.
X-ray apparatus 100 is positioned at the top of tested coal stream 500, is used for tested coal stream 500 emission x rays.At least one X ray sniffer is positioned at the top of tested coal stream 500, is used to measure energy and the intensity by the X ray of tested coal stream 500 reflections.In the utility model preferred embodiment; A plurality of X ray sniffers are set; Because the ray incidence window thickness of each X ray sniffer is different, thus different to the detection efficiency of the X ray of different-energy, so can obtain more to reflect X-ray energy spectrum information.Present embodiment is that example is described with two X ray sniffers 200 and 201.Distance measuring sensor 800 is positioned at the top of tested coal stream 500, is used to measure the distances of tested coal stream 500 to the X ray sniffer.Calculation element 300, X ray sniffer 200 and 201 is electrically connected with calculation element 300 respectively, transfers to calculation element 300 with the power spectrum that it is recorded; Distance measuring sensor 800 is connected with calculation element 300, and with Distance Transmission to the calculation element 300 of the tested coal stream 500 that records to the X ray sniffer, calculation element 300 goes out the ash content and the thermal value of tested coal stream 500 according to power spectrum and distance calculation.
In an embodiment of the utility model, X ray emitter 100 and X ray sniffer 200 and 201 are arranged on to be surveyed in the case 400, is used for waterproof and dustproof.Wherein, the lower surface of detection case 400 is 2cm apart from the upper surface minimum spacing of tested coal stream 500.It is relevant with the variation in thickness scope of coal stream that spacing is provided with, and in the time of need guaranteeing that coal stream thickness is maximum, coal stream can not strike the detection case.Spacing is more little, and the reflection X ray that measures is many more, and is favourable more to the statistic fluctuation that reduces counting; But spacing is more little, surveys easier the stream with coal of case and collides, when being 2cm as if spacing; Need coal stream thickness very steady, coal flow shaping device generally can be installed to guarantee the steady of coal stream thickness.Survey in the case 400 heating and refrigerating plant 600 can also be installed, heating is electrically connected with calculation element 300 with refrigerating plant 600, and the temperature of being surveyed in the case 400 through heating and refrigerating plant 600 controls by calculation element 300 keeps constant.
In an embodiment of the utility model, x-ray apparatus 100 comprises X-ray detector, high-voltage power supply and detectable signal collector.Wherein, high-voltage power supply is supplied power to X-ray detector, and is different according to the kind of X-ray detector; The voltage of high tension voltage is from tens volts to several kilovolts; The signal of X-ray detector output flows to the detectable signal collector, after by the detectable signal collector this signal shaping being handled; Carry out signals collecting, generate the power spectrum of X ray.Wherein, X-ray detector can be scintillation detector, and the window of scintillation detector can be preferably the beryllium window, because the beryllium window is very little to the X ray absorption, can low energy X ray passed through; X-ray detector can also be proportional counter tube or semiconductor detector; Wherein, the energy resolution of semiconductor detector is greater than 250eV, and generally energy resolution is big more; Resolution to the X ray of different-energy is unfavorable more; But the performance requirement to semiconductor detector is low more, and equipment cost is low more, even need not freeze to semiconductor detector (for reaching energy resolution well; Semiconductor detector needs refrigeration), so select the relatively poor semiconductor detector of energy resolution in the utility model.The detectable signal collector can comprise a kind of or combination in multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, single channel pulse height analyzer or the voltage comparator.In an embodiment of the utility model, x-ray apparatus can also comprise X-ray tube, and X-ray tube is simple with respect to accelerator structure, moderate cost.Wherein, the X-ray tube tube voltage can be 20kV, and X-ray tube preferably adopts silver-colored target, because the thermal conductive resin of silver is beneficial to the X-ray tube heat radiation, improves its life-span.
In an embodiment of the utility model; Preferably; The bremsstrahlung X-ray energy spectrum that x-ray apparatus 100 emitted energies are continuous, because the X ray of different-energy is different to the attenuation coefficient of coal stream, X ray sniffer 200 and 201 is measured the power spectrum (being the intensity of the X ray of each energy) of the X ray that is reflected; Again measurement data is transferred to calculation element 300, calculate the ash content and the thermal value of tested coal stream 500 according to the intensity of the X ray of these different-energies.If the intensity to the reflection X ray of coal stream of monoenergetic X ray is I, then ash content of coal Ad and I are approximated to inverse relation, and I is also along with the thickness increase of coal stream and increase; This is because thickness is big more, and coal stream surface distance X ray sniffer is near more, and the reflection X ray that measures is just many more; If use a kind of energy X ray, will be not easy only to calculate ash content according to I, but for the continuous X ray of power spectrum; Can obtain the intensity of a lot of reflection X ray and the relation equation of ash content, thickness, for once measurement, thickness is identical; Therefore through the group of solving an equation, then can confirm ash content of coal.
In the utility model embodiment; Utilize the distance of the probe of distance measuring sensor measured X ray detecting device to tested coal stream surface; With the aerial decay of intensity of the X ray of proofreading and correct reflection variation with propagation distance; Also can proofread and correct simultaneously because the influence that the variation that variable in distance causes X ray sniffer and coal to flow solid angle that surperficial X ray reflection point becomes brings, thereby proofread and correct variation in thickness that tested coal flows flows ash content and measurement of calorific value to tested coal influence.There is an approximate relation in X ray between the intensity of reflection X ray and the ash content of coal after the reflection of coal stream, promptly ash content is high more, and reflected ray intensity is low more, can calculate ash content according to the relation of the two.But reflected ray intensity also and reflection spot to distance dependent between the X ray sniffer, the approximate decay that square is inversely proportional to of reflected ray intensity with distance.Because reflected ray has to all directions; X ray sniffer and reflection spot distance are near more; Amount of radiation that can directive X ray sniffer is just many more, if coal stream variation in thickness, then reflection spot to the X ray sniffer apart from just changing; System can't distinguish like this, is that ash content changes or the reflected ray Strength Changes that variation in thickness causes.And the utility model embodiment like the ultrasonic ranging sensor, measures the distance of X ray sniffer to coal stream surface through distance measuring sensor is set, the intensity that then can proofread and correct reflected ray, thus obtain ash content information.In addition, if adopt low energy X ray, it is reflected to the distance of detection from the coal surface; Intensity can receive the decay of air, if measured the X ray sniffer to the surperficial distance of coal stream, then according to the exponential damping law of X ray; Can proofread and correct the decay of this part, improve the degree of accuracy of measuring.
In an embodiment of the utility model, alternatively, Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit can also comprise the calibrated bolck (not shown in figure 1); Calibrated bolck is positioned at the top of tested coal stream; Wherein: in the measuring process of coal stream, calibrated bolck is raised, and makes the X ray of x-ray apparatus emission shine directly into coal stream; X ray by the reflection of coal stream arrives the X ray sniffer, and whole process is not stopped by said calibrated bolck; When stopping to transport coal; Calibrated bolck is placed between conveyer belt 700 and said x-ray apparatus, the X ray sniffer; The x-ray bombardment that makes the x-ray apparatus emission is to calibrated bolck; The X ray sniffer is measured by the power spectrum of the X ray of calibrated bolck reflection, and the power spectrum that is used to proofread and correct the X ray of x-ray apparatus emission changes.Because x-ray apparatus long-term work; The power spectrum of the X ray of its emission might change; The power spectrum that will cause being flowed the X ray of reflection by said tested coal changes, and will influence the ash content measurement, and passes through to compare the power spectrum of the X ray of the said calibrated bolck reflection in the different time; Can derive the variation of the X-ray energy spectrum of said x-ray apparatus emission, and then proofread and correct by the power spectrum variation of the X ray of said tested coal stream reflection.
The utility model embodiment further provides the detection method of above-mentioned Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit, and shown in Figure 2 is according to the Reflection X-ray ash content of coal of the utility model embodiment and the detection method process flow diagram of thermal value pick-up unit.This detection method may further comprise the steps:
Step S01: x-ray apparatus is to tested coal stream emission X ray.
Step S02: at least one X ray sniffer is measured by the power spectrum of the X ray of tested coal stream reflection.In the utility model preferred embodiment, the energy and the intensity of the X ray of each different-energy in the X-ray energy spectrum that the measurement of X ray sniffer is reflected, and measurement data transferred to calculation element.
Step S03: distance measuring sensor is measured the distance that tested coal flows to the X ray sniffer.
Step S04: calculation element calculates the ash content and the thermal value of tested coal stream according to the power spectrum of the X ray of reflection and the distance that tested coal flows to the X ray sniffer.
In the utility model preferred embodiment, the bremsstrahlung X-ray energy spectrum that X ray emitter emitted energy is continuous.At least one X ray sniffer is used to measure the power spectrum of the X ray after the bremsstrahlung X ray is reflected by coal stream; Calculation element is according to the power spectrum of the X ray of reflection; And tested coal flows to the distance of X ray sniffer, calculates the ash content and the thermal value of tested coal stream.
In preferred embodiment of the utility model; Piece can also set up standard above tested coal stream; Wherein: in the measuring process of coal stream, calibrated bolck is raised, and makes the X ray of x-ray apparatus emission shine directly into coal stream; X ray by the reflection of coal stream arrives the X ray sniffer, and whole process is not stopped by calibrated bolck; When stopping to transport coal; Calibrated bolck is placed between conveyer belt and x-ray apparatus, the X ray sniffer; The x-ray bombardment that makes the x-ray apparatus emission is to calibrated bolck; The X ray sniffer is measured by the power spectrum of the X ray of calibrated bolck reflection, and the power spectrum that is used to proofread and correct the X ray of x-ray apparatus emission changes.
The utility model embodiment adopts x-ray apparatus emission x-ray bombardment coal stream, calculates ash content through measuring by the ray of coal stream reflection.Though the detection method of ash content of coal that the utility model embodiment provides and thermal value pick-up unit is similar in form with low energy gamma ray reflectometry; But exist essence different: the radiographic source that at first adopts is different; What low energy gamma ray reflectometry adopted is the radioactive source isotope; What the utility model embodiment adopted is x-ray apparatus, and after stopping power supply, the device of the utility model embodiment is can not launch ray; The second, what radioactive source was launched is the ray of spread in energy, and what x-ray apparatus was launched is the continuous ray of energy; The 3rd, the ray that the ray of spread in energy and energy are continuous is diverse on acquisition of signal and signal Processing; Because there is difference in the rule of the ray of different-energy and coal effect; And the ray of Continuous Energy with overlapped each other by signals detected, need complicated algorithm to separate, and the utility model embodiment utilizes the ray of Continuous Energy; Through analytical calculation, can obtain the composition information in more coals, it is more accurate that ash content is measured; The 4th, the utility model embodiment has adopted distance measuring sensor, and the measured X ray detecting device is to the distance of coal stream, to proofread and correct because the variation of the transmitted intensity that the X ray sniffer that the variation of this distance causes is detected.
In addition, why low energy gamma ray reflectometry is eliminated, and mainly is because it receives factor affecting such as coal stream thickness, coal stream surface configuration.After the coal stream variation in thickness; Coal stream surface distance detector distance changes; Ray reflection position and the formed solid angle of sniffer window change; And the backscattering of ray has to all directions, and the amount of radiation that therefore arrives the sniffer window just changes, thereby causes measuring error.Can derive, under the situation of same coal stream thickness fluctuation, sniffer distances band distance is far away more; Receive coal stream thickness effect just more a little less than; But the reflected ray quantity that simultaneously total physical efficiency detects is just few more, and in the same time, the statistical error of measurement is just big more; And corresponding isotope radioactive source is measured under the situation of ash content of coal; Being difficult for apart from activity between radioactive source and the coal stream is too big, thereby has limited through improving the distance of sniffer to conveying belt, reduces the measure of variation in thickness influence and implements.Because tested coal stream variation in thickness is bigger, and radioactive source and sniffer will have certain safe distance apart from the coal surface, clash in addition, so also cause the sniffer measurement count lower otherwise will be flowed by coal.And therefore the transmitted intensity of the x-ray apparatus that the utility model embodiment is adopted emission does not have above-mentioned problem usually much larger than the general radioactive source of commercial Application.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of Reflection X-ray pick-up unit and detection method thereof, is used for the measurement of ash content of coal and thermal value.Through adopting the X ray emitter to replace traditional radioactive source (for example Pu-238, Am-241, Cs-137, Ba-133 etc.), improve the security of radiographic source management; Utilize the continuous bremsstrahlung X ray of X ray emitter emitted energy; The Strength Changes of the X ray of the different-energy that reflects is flowed in measurement by coal; The high atomic number element ratio changes the influence to ash content of coal and measurement of calorific value in correction coal stream thickness and the coal, improves the degree of accuracy of measuring; Utilize the distance of the probe of distance measurement sensor measured X ray detecting device, proofread and correct of the influence of coal stream thickness, improve the degree of accuracy of measuring ash content of coal and measurement of calorific value to coal stream surface.
Although illustrated and described the embodiment of the utility model; For those of ordinary skill in the art; Be appreciated that under the situation of principle that does not break away from the utility model and spirit and can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification that the scope of the utility model is accompanying claims and be equal to and limit to these embodiment.
Claims (13)
1. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal and thermal value pick-up unit comprise:
X-ray apparatus is positioned at the top that tested coal flows, and is used for to said tested coal stream emission x ray;
At least one X ray sniffer is positioned at the top that said tested coal flows, and is used to measure the power spectrum by the X ray of said tested coal stream reflection;
Distance measuring sensor is positioned at the top that said tested coal flows, and is used to measure the distance that said tested coal flows to said X ray sniffer;
Calculation element; Said X ray sniffer is connected with said calculation element; The power spectrum of the said X ray that records is transferred to said calculation element; Said distance measuring sensor is connected with said calculation element, the said tested coal that records is flow to Distance Transmission to the said calculation element of said X ray sniffer.
2. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 1 and thermal value pick-up unit; It is characterized in that; The X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission comprises the continuous bremsstrahlung X ray of energy, and said at least one X ray sniffer is used to measure the power spectrum of the X ray after said bremsstrahlung X ray is reflected by said coal stream.
3. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 1 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, also comprise calibrated bolck, and said calibrated bolck is positioned at the top of said tested coal stream, wherein:
In the measuring process of said coal stream, said calibrated bolck is raised, and makes the X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission shine directly into said coal stream, is arrived said X ray sniffer by the X ray of said coal stream reflection, and whole process is not stopped by said calibrated bolck;
When stopping to transport coal; Said calibrated bolck is placed between conveyer belt and said x-ray apparatus, the said X ray sniffer; The x-ray bombardment that makes said x-ray apparatus emission is to said calibrated bolck; Said X ray sniffer is measured by the power spectrum of the X ray of said calibrated bolck reflection, and the power spectrum that is used to proofread and correct the X ray of said x-ray apparatus emission changes.
4. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 1 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, said X ray sniffer comprises X-ray detector, high-voltage power supply and detectable signal collector.
5. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 4 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, said X-ray detector is a kind of or combination in scintillation detector, proportional counter tube and the semiconductor detector.
6. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 5 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, the window of said scintillation detector is the beryllium window.
7. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 5 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that the energy resolution of said X-ray detector is greater than 250eV.
8. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 4 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, said detectable signal collector comprises a kind of or combination in multichannel pulse scope-analyzer, single channel pulse height analyzer or the voltage comparator.
9. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 1 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, said X ray emitter comprises X-ray tube, and said X-ray tube instrumentation tubes voltage is 10kV-200kV.
10. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 9 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that said X-ray tube adopts silver-colored target.
11. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 1 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, said X ray emitter and X-ray detector are arranged on to be surveyed in the case.
12. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 11 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, the lower surface of said detection case is 2cm apart from the upper surface minimum spacing of said tested coal stream.
13. Reflection X-ray ash content of coal as claimed in claim 11 and thermal value pick-up unit is characterized in that, heating and refrigerating plant are installed in the said detector case.
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| CN201120575074XU CN202486070U (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Reflective X-ray coal ash content and heating value detector |
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| CN201120575074XU CN202486070U (en) | 2011-12-31 | 2011-12-31 | Reflective X-ray coal ash content and heating value detector |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102519993A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-06-27 | 清华大学 | Reflection-type x-ray device for detecting ash content and heat productivity of coal and detection method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102519993A (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-06-27 | 清华大学 | Reflection-type x-ray device for detecting ash content and heat productivity of coal and detection method |
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