Boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of immersed body profile imaging technique, particularly a kind of boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system, and it adopts the image processing method that combines with camera technique based on laser technology.
Background technology
The boats and ships underwater portion is meant that hull is immersed in the part in the water.For shipping management department; If can accurately grasp the overall size of boats and ships underwater portion, just can combine the delta data of fairway depth and current, be equipped with the cargo loading situation; Calculate the Metacentre Height of boats and ships; Important steadiness parameters such as rolling period, left and right sides trim, heeling angle, trim angle again according to the topographic(al) data of lock chamber or ship lift ship case, are rationally arranged the inferior and berth in ship lock (or ship case) of ship navigation lock; Thereby guarantee that navigation is smooth, guarantee the safety in personnel, equipment, ship and navigation channel.Therefore grasp the accurate overall size of boats and ships underwater portion, all significant for the safety of assurance personnel, equipment, navigation channel and boats and ships.
At present; The detection of boats and ships underwater portion is only limited to the draft detection of boats and ships; As adopt artificial observation method, ultrasound wave water gauge method, pressure sensing method or the like, yet draft is meant the distance of boats and ships underwater portion minimum point to the water surface, can only simply grasp the drinking water data (i.e. six water gauge data) at six positions of tail among the port and starboard head at most; Do not relate to the boats and ships detection of overall size under water, do not embody the technical information of this overall size yet.Because data are imperfect, those skilled in the art can not grasp whole underwater portion profile, need to rely on dispatcher's working experience to arrange the inferior and berth of lock.Yet it is bigger that present metering system is influenced by the survey crew subjectivity, and water-bed the detection must gone on board or get into to checkout equipment during inspection, and detection system is complicated, and difficulty of construction is high, and inconvenient operation can't realize disembark, inspection requirements accurately and rapidly.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model be the weak point according to prior art provide a kind of can detect boats and ships under water overall size, guarantee the boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system of navigation safety.
The said purpose of the utility model realizes through following approach:
Boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system, its structural feature are, include underwater laser scanister, underwater photograph technical device, image processing subsystem, jacking gear and transmission cable, wherein:
The underwater laser scanister comprises opticator and rotating part, and opticator includes laser generator, laser beam expanding lens and the optics plano-concave cylindrical mirror of installing in regular turn along same optical axis; Rotating part includes completely reflecting mirror and stepper motor, and the rotation axis of stepper motor is through the completely reflecting mirror mirror heart and parallel with minute surface; The rotation axis of rotating part is perpendicular to the optical axis of opticator;
Jacking gear comprises horizontal stand, vertical guide rail and driving motor, and vertical guide rail is installed in the water bank, and perpendicular to the water surface, horizontal stand is perpendicular to this vertical guide rail, and its strong point is installed in the track of vertical guide rail, and is electrically connected with driving motor;
Underwater laser scanister and underwater photograph technical device are all installed on the horizontal stand that is placed on jacking gear, and are connected with image processing subsystem through transmission cable.
The detection method of above-mentioned boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system comprises the steps:
A kind of aforesaid boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system is provided,
Start driving motor, the horizontal stand that its drive is placed with underwater laser scanister and underwater photograph technical device does not have in the entry along vertical guide rail, and drops to desired location, is generally near the regulation draft of navigation channel;
Start underwater laser scanister and underwater photograph technical device; Laser generator in the underwater laser scanister receives the triggering for generating linear laser; And transmission is to laser beam expanding lens, and laser beam expanding lens receives linear laser and also converts laser beam to, controls the angle of divergence of laser beam simultaneously;
Laser beam expanding lens with the laser beam transmission to optics plano-concave cylindrical mirror; Convert this laser beam to the sheet laser beam by optics plano-concave cylindrical mirror; And transmission is to completely reflecting mirror; A crossing plane curve, just the laser lighting line of appearing as of the reflect beams of laser light that completely reflecting mirror produces and the hull of underwater portion
The underwater photograph technical device is taken the formed image of laser lighting line that laser in the above-mentioned scanning process produces on the hull under water, and sends this image information to image processing subsystem;
Image processing subsystem receives and handles the image information that the underwater photograph technical device transmits; Utilize the subtense angle that the laser lighting line exists on the different images; Calculate the actual three-D profile information of this place's underbody, thereby obtain the overall size of this place's underbody;
Rotate completely reflecting mirror this moment under the effect of stepper motor, thereby change the incidence point of sheet laser beam on completely reflecting mirror, and the reflector laser that completely reflecting mirror is produced is followed rotation, the underwater portion of scanning hull; Angle of every rotation; The underwater photograph technical device just sends captured image information to image processing subsystem; Image processing subsystem carries out analysis-by-synthesis, calculating, processing according to a plurality of overall sizes of the scanning process of being calculated; Obtain the three-dimensional profile profile information of hull one side underwater portion, and store.
Turn fore, can the three-dimensional profile profile of the opposite side underwater portion of ship be detected.Above-mentioned laser beam expanding lens is used for the diameter of expanded beam and reduces the angle of divergence of laser beam, and completely reflecting mirror is used to change the laser beam direction.Because any measurement mechanism need not arranged at the offside or the bottom, navigation channel in navigation channel in the bank, the same side that underwater laser scanister that the utility model used and underwater photograph technical device are installed in the navigation channel, therefore reduced the system construction difficulty.The full-automatic control of testing process is not influenced by the subjectivity of survey crew, during detection; Equipment need not to go on board, and also need not to get into the bottom, simple in measurement system structure; Simple operation, fast, measurement result is accurately stable; Be the smooth navigation of boats and ships, the safety in personnel, equipment, ship and navigation channel provides important evidence.
The utility model can further be specially:
Laser generator in the underwater laser scanister is a kind of bluish-green laser device.
This be because bluish-green laser device emitted laser wavelength at blue light in green range, and that bluish-green laser is decayed in water is less, and matches with the photoelectric transformation efficiency of underwater photograph technical device.Also can be blue laser, or green (light) laser.
The underwater photograph technical device includes the high resolution CCD camera more than two or two, and this CCD camera of many is placed on the both sides of underwater laser scanister respectively.
Many CCD camera is used for taking the laser lighting line on the under-water body in different angles.Its principle is:
For any 1 P on the hull laser lighting line; Be on the optical center and the straight line O1P1 ' of its CCD by first video camera, also be in simultaneously on the optical center and the straight line O2P2 ' of its CCD of second video camera as the imaging point P2 ' decision on plane as the imaging point P1 ' decision on plane.Because O1P1 ' and two straight lines of O2P2 ' can be known at the three-dimensional equation of real space, and the intersection point of O1P1 ' and O2P2 ' is exactly the P point, so any 1 the P point on the laser lighting line can come out through algorithm computation at the three-dimensional coordinate of real space.
The utility model can also further be specially:
The control module that image processing subsystem includes the signal receiving module that is connected with driving motor, central processing module, the signal delivery module that is connected with the underwater photograph technical device, is connected with the underwater laser scanister, signal receiving module, signal delivery module and control module are connected with central processing module respectively.
When driving motor starts; It sends signal and handles via signal receiving module entering central processing module; Central processing module sends enabled instruction through control module to the underwater laser scanister according to this signal, and starts the underwater photograph technical device through the signal delivery module; When central processing module receives the image from the underwater photograph technical device through the signal delivery module; Form instruction according to the data of setting; Through control module the stepper motor of underwater laser scanister is sent action command and action parameter, realize the complete automatic control function that detects.
In sum; The utility model provides a kind of boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system, and it is based on the detection system of Flame Image Process, according to adopting laser beam that underbody is scanned; Form the laser lighting line; Obtain scan image information through the underwater camera device, and adopt the mathematical algorithm image data processing, calculate hull three-D profile information.Because any measurement mechanism need not arranged at the offside or the bottom, navigation channel in navigation channel in the bank, the same side that underwater laser scanister that the utility model used and underwater photograph technical device are installed in the navigation channel, therefore reduced the system construction difficulty.The full-automatic control of testing process is not influenced by the subjectivity of survey crew, during detection; Equipment need not to go on board, and also need not to get into the bottom, simple in measurement system structure; Simple operation, fast, measurement result is accurately stable; Be the smooth navigation of boats and ships, the safety in personnel, equipment, ship and navigation channel provides important evidence.
Description of drawings
Shown in Figure 1 is the planar structure synoptic diagram of the described boats and ships underwater portion of the utility model overall size detection system.
Shown in Figure 2 is the facade structures synoptic diagram of the said boats and ships underwater portion of the utility model overall size detection system.
Shown in Figure 3 is the structural representation of the said underwater laser scanister of the utility model.
Shown in Figure 4 is the ultimate principle figure of the said Flame Image Process of the utility model.
Shown in Figure 5 is the said boats and ships underwater portion of the utility model overall size detection method synoptic diagram.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the utility model is done and to be further described.
Embodiment
Most preferred embodiment:
With reference to accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2, the boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system based on Flame Image Process includes underwater laser scanister 1, underwater photograph technical device, image processing subsystem 3, jacking gear 4 and transmission cable 5.
Wherein, the underwater photograph technical device includes two 8,000,000 pixel CCD cameras 21,22.The CCD camera is used for taking the laser lighting line on the under-water body in different angles.CCD camera and laser scanning device all are placed on the horizontal stand 41, are in the same degree of depth under water.And the CCD camera is positioned at the laser scanning device both sides, all is 1 meter with the distance of laser scanning device 1.
Jacking gear 4 comprises horizontal stand 41, vertical guide rail 42 and driving motor 43.Horizontal stand 41 is used to lay underwater laser scanister 1 and underwater photograph technical device, and its material is a stainless steel.Vertical guide rail 42 is fixed on harbour, and perpendicular to the water surface, horizontal stand 41 is perpendicular to this vertical guide rail, and its strong point is installed in the track of vertical guide rail, and is electrically connected with driving motor, can be along guide rail 42 VTOL (vertical take off and landing)s.Driving motor 43 is electrically connected with the strong point of horizontal stand 41, is used to drive horizontal stand 41 and adjusts to 1.6 meters dark best underwater photograph technical positions under water.
Referring to accompanying drawing 3, underwater laser scanister 1 includes opticator and rotating part.Opticator includes that the semiconductor pumped total solids green (light) laser of 532nm 11, multiplying power are installed in regular turn is 10 532nm green laser beam expanding lens 12 and focal length is the optics plano-concave cylindrical mirror 13 of-100mm along same optical axis.The 532nm green laser is decayed less in water, and matches with the photoelectric transformation efficiency of CCD camera.Little and the good beam quality of diode pumped solid state laser volume is suitable for laser imaging system.Rotating part includes the completely reflecting mirror 14 and stepper motor 15 that the total reflection wavelength is 532nm.Stepper motor 15 rotation axiss are through the completely reflecting mirror 14 mirror hearts and parallel with minute surface.The optical axis of the rotation axis of rotating part and opticator is orthogonal simultaneously, and completely reflecting mirror 14 rotates on surface level, according to the reflection lasering beam of different laser bundle incident angle generation different angles, realizes the scanning to underbody.
Image processing subsystem 3 is a kind of PC computing machine, is used to receive and handle the image that each CCD camera transmits, and utilizes the subtense angle that the laser lighting line exists on the different images, goes out the actual three-D profile information of underbody through algorithm computation.With reference to accompanying drawing 4, it is taken a picture based on two CCD principle is set forth:
For any 1 P on the laser lighting line 16 that forms on the hull 6; Be on the optical center O1 and the straight line O1P1 ' of its CCD by video camera 1, also be in simultaneously on the optical center O2 and the straight line O2P2 ' of its CCD of video camera 2 as the imaging point P2 ' decision on plane as the imaging point P1 ' decision on plane.Because O1P1 ' and two straight lines of O2P2 ' can be known at the three-dimensional equation of real space, and the intersection point of O1P1 ' and O2P2 ' is exactly the P point, so any 1 the P point on the laser lighting line can come out through algorithm computation at the three-dimensional coordinate of real space.
The detection method of above-mentioned boats and ships underwater portion overall size detection system with reference to accompanying drawing 5, comprises the steps:
Start driving motor 43, the horizontal stand that its drive is placed with underwater laser scanister and underwater photograph technical device does not have in the entry along vertical guide rail, and 1.6 meters dark working positions under water, and promptly stipulate near the draft in the navigation channel;
Image processing subsystem 3 starts underwater laser scanister 1 and underwater photograph technical device; Green (light) laser 11 in the underwater laser scanister 1 receives the triggering for generating linear laser; And transmission is to laser beam expanding lens 12; Laser beam expanding lens 12 receives linear laser and converts laser beam to, controls the angle of divergence of laser beam simultaneously;
Laser beam expanding lens 12 with the laser beam transmission to optics plano-concave cylindrical mirror 13; Convert this laser beam to the sheet laser beam by optics plano-concave cylindrical mirror; And transmission is to completely reflecting mirror 14; The reflect beams of laser light that completely reflecting mirror 14 produces appears as a plane curve with the hull of underwater portion is crossing, and just the laser lighting line 16
CCD camera 21,22 image information that begins to take underbody meanwhile, each CCD camera is shot the hull laser lighting line of different visual angles from different perspectives, and sends this image information to image processing subsystem;
Image processing subsystem 3 receives and handles the image information that the underwater photograph technical device transmits; Utilize the subtense angle that the laser lighting line exists on the different images; Mathematical algorithm through three-dimensional reconstruction, striped extraction and refraction compensation etc. calculates underbody at the three-dimensional profile information of reality, thereby obtains the overall size of this place's underbody;
This moment, image processing subsystem 3 sent steering order; Send the stepper motor 15 in the underwater laser scanister to; Completely reflecting mirror 14 is rotated under the effect of stepper motor 15, thereby change the incidence point of sheet laser beam on completely reflecting mirror, the reflector laser that completely reflecting mirror 14 is produced is followed rotation; Through the adjustment horizontal stand Level Change laser scanning degree of depth, realize the underwater portion of scanning hull again; The angle of every rotation or the degree of depth; The underwater photograph technical device just sends captured image information to image processing subsystem; Image processing subsystem carries out analysis-by-synthesis, calculating, processing according to a plurality of overall sizes of the scanning process of being calculated; Obtain the three-dimensional profile profile information of hull one side underwater portion, and store.
Turn fore, can the three-dimensional profile profile of the opposite side underwater portion of ship be detected.
Native system and method in fact also can be used for the water surface, exterior contour land or aerial object detects.
It is identical with prior art that the utility model is not stated part.