CN202451652U - Tractor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tractor which comprises an electromagnetic clutch arranged between an engine and a transmission, wherein a driving wheel is fixedly assembled on an input shaft of the electromagnetic clutch, a press disc matched with the driving wheel in extrusion and friction mode is assembled on an output shaft of the electromagnetic clutch in sliding mode, an armature is assembled on the press disc, and a magnet yoke is fixedly arranged on the output shaft. An electromagnetic coil device for driving the armature is arranged on the magnet yoke, and a compression spring is arranged on the output shaft between a supporting body for fixing the magnet yoke and the press disc in penetrating mode. The electromagnetic coil device comprises at least two coil groups, each coil group comprises at least two electromagnetic coils uniformly distributed on the magnet yoke in the circumferential direction, and the electromagnetic coils of all the coil groups are connected in series or parallel. The tractor is further provided with a control device for controlling power on and off of all the coil groups of the clutch, and the control device is used for leading all the coil groups to be powered off gradually during clutch joint. The electromagnetic coil device is divided into a plurality of coil groups so that the coil groups can be gradually powered off conveniently, and further the scheme of electromagnetic force grading is achieved.

Description

A kind of tractor

Technical field

The utility model relates to the electromagnetic clutch field, is specifically related to the tractor of electromagnetic clutch.

Background technique

Clutch is the parts that directly link to each other with motor in the vehicle transmission system, mainly be used for separating and binding engine and speed changer between transmission of power, realize gentle start, the smooth-going gearshift of vehicle, prevent that power train from transshipping.

(Fig. 1 is the clutch that the utility model proposed like Fig. 1; In fact its cross section view is identical with the magnetic clutch of existing technology; This be used for explaining existing technology and the utility model common working principle) shown in a kind of electromagnetic clutch, be arranged between motor and the speed changer.Be fixed with driving wheel 14 on the input shaft 13, output shaft is connected through bearing with input shaft, and pressure spring 5 is housed on the output shaft; Pressure spring 5 one ends are fixed on the support 6; Support 6 is provided with yoke 9, assembles electromagnetic coil on the yoke 9, and pressure spring 5 the other ends are provided with platen 11; Platen 11 1 sides are through clutch driven plate 12 and driving wheel 14 roof pressure frictional fit, and platen 11 opposite sides are provided with the armature 1 that driven by electromagnetic coil.

During the electromagnetic coil no electric circuit, pressure spring 5 roof pressure platens 11 make driven disc 12 and driving wheel 14 extruding, produce enough big frictional force, make input shaft and output shaft coaxial rotation, and motor just can drive retarder work.During the electromagnetic coil energising, coil produces magnetic attraction armature 1, and further pressure spring makes platen 11, driven disc 12 break away from driving wheel 14, and input shaft 13 can not be with transmission of torque to output shaft.When electromagnetic coil cuts off the power supply once more, pressure spring 5 discharges, and pushes driving wheel 14 once more, makes motor transmitting torque once more.

Adopt this mode, when coil cut off the power supply once more, pressure spring 5 discharged rapidly, drove platen 11 and hit driving wheel 14, and driving wheel 14 and clutch are all caused certain infringement, and repeatedly clutch influences mechanical property, influences the life-span of clutch.

The model utility content

The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of tractor that adopts electromagnetic clutch, in order to solve existing electromagnetic clutch impact when the clutch big, to the hurtful problem of mechanical contraposition performance.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The tractor scheme of the utility model is: a kind of tractor, comprise the electromagnetic clutch between motor and the speed changer, and fixedly be equipped with driving wheel on its input shaft; Slidable fit has the platen with driving wheel extruding, frictional fit on the output shaft; Be equipped with armature on the platen, also be fixed with yoke on the output shaft, the electromagnetic spool device that drives armature is installed on the yoke; Fixedly be equipped with pressure spring on the supporting body of yoke and the output shaft between the platen; Said electromagnetic spool device comprises at least two coil groups, and each coil groups comprises at least two electromagnetic coils that circumferentially are distributed on the yoke, the electromagnetic coil serial or parallel connection of each coil groups; Also be provided with the control gear of each coil groups energising of solenoidoperated cluthes, outage on the tractor, control gear is used for when clutch, and each coil groups is cut off the power supply one by one.

The electromagnetic coil of said each coil groups is staggered arranges.

The coaxial setting of corresponding electromagnetic coil of said each coil.

The utility model is divided into a plurality of coil groups with coil device, so that excise coil groups one by one, thus the scheme of realization electromagnetic force classification; In the clutch course of action; The electromagnetic force that coil produces slowly disappears, and the elastic restoring force of pressure spring is steadily discharged, and clutch has been realized steady combination; Effectively reduce corresponding mechanical contraposition of shift impact and Effect on Performance, improved shift quality and transmission system working life.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the motor and the electromagnetic clutch structural drawing of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a kind of coil arrangement mode of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the another kind of coil arrangement mode of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the side view (signal) of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a kind of control circuit figure of the utility model;

Fig. 6 is another kind of control circuit figure;

Fig. 7 is a kind of PLC delay control circuit.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is done further detailed explanation.

Clutch embodiment

Electromagnetic clutch as shown in Figure 1 and dependency structure thereof; The main structure of clutch comprises: wear the pressure spring 5 on the output shaft; Pressure spring 5 one ends are fixed with yoke 9, assembling electromagnetic spool device 8 on the yoke 9, and pressure spring 5 the other ends are provided with platen 11; Platen 11 and driving wheel 14 roof pressure frictional fit are equipped with the armature 1 that driven by electromagnetic spool device 8 on the platen 11.

Some concrete structures are introduced: armature 1 outer ring and platen 11 are fixed together, and its inner ring is fixed on the lateral thrust bearing 3 through fixing frame 2, and fixing frame 2 adopts cross structure.Lateral thrust bearing 3 is contained on the convex portion of flange plate hub 4.Lateral thrust bearing 3 is fixed with an end of pressure spring 5, and the other end of pressure spring 5 is fixed on the support 6.Yoke 9 is the annulus column, and inner ring is fixed on the support 6 through key, and support 6 is fixed together with clutch housing.Like Fig. 2, offer some through holes on the yoke 9, each classification clutch coil is installed in the through hole of yoke 9.Adopting the packet mode that circumferentially is uniformly distributed with is in order on platen, to produce uniform pressure.

Electromagnetic spool device 8 comprises three coil groups, and each coil groups comprises four electromagnetic coils, and four electromagnetic coils circumferentially are distributed on the yoke 9.First group of coil is 101,102,103,104, and second group of coil is 201,202,203,204, and the 3rd group of coil is 301,302,303,304.Every group of coil can be connected also can parallel connection.

The arrangement mode of coil, a kind of mode of execution is as shown in Figure 2, and each electromagnetic coil of three coil groups is staggered arranges.101---304 are in 12 o'clock to 11 o'clock positions successively clockwise.Another kind of mode of execution such as Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, whenever the corresponding electromagnetic coil of each coil groups is on the same iron core, for 12 coils, needs 4 iron cores altogether.Among two embodiments, parameters such as each size of stitch, material, the number of turn can according to circumstances design.

Tractor embodiment

In the present embodiment, adopt the magnetic clutch of Fig. 2 mode.Parameters such as 12 size of stitch, material, the number of turn are identical, every group of four coils series connection (parallel connection also can), unified control.After 12 coils are all switched on, the N that makes a concerted effort to be of generation.When clutch, adopt the progressively mode of outage of grouping, i.e. first group of outage earlier, making a concerted effort of generation is 2N/3, second group also cuts off the power supply then, produce to make a concerted effort to be N/3, last the 3rd group of outage, making a concerted effort is 0.Because the electromagnetic force that produces gradually reduces; Pressure spring 5 progressively recovers, and under the effect of pressure spring 5 restoring forces, armature 1 drives platen 11 and moves gradually to the driving wheel direction; Compress driven disc 12 gradually; Finally behind sliding wear, platen 11, clutch driven plate 12, driving wheel 14 compress fully, and clutch restarts transmitting torque.

Adopt the control circuit of electrical control as shown in Figure 5, the main contact of relay K M1, KM2, KM4 ((a) and (b), (c) road) is in respectively in the control loop of three coil groups.So each coil groups break-make receives coil ((a) and (b), (c) road) control of relay K M1, KM2, KM4.

When switch S B1 action; (a) road keeps "on" position through KM2-2 contact, KM1-1 moving together contact; (b) the moving together contact maintenance "on" position of KM2-1 is passed through on the road, and (c) road keeps "on" position--->(a) and (b), the energising of (c) road through the KM4 contact closure--->generation electromagnetic force N.Simultaneously for (d), (e), (f), (d) KM1-2 breaks off in the road, (d) road outage--->(e), (f) all cut off the power supply.

When switch S B2 action, (a) road outage---the KM1 dead electricity; Simultaneously, (d) in the road coil of KM1-2 adhesive--->KT, KM3 get the adhesive of--->KM3-1 contact and keep (d) line state--->KM3-2 contact to break off keeping (a) road off-position---electromagnetic force becomes 2N/3.

The time-delay of transit time relay K T, (b) KT-1 breaks off in the road, (e) KT-2, KM2-3 adhesive in the road---(b) road outage, and (e) road energising, the KT1 coil gets---electromagnetic force becomes N/3.

The time-delay of transit time relay K T1 again, (c) KT1-1 breaks off--->KM4 outage in the road--->and electromagnetic force is zero.Simultaneously, (f) in the road, the KT1-2 adhesive---KT2 gets.In addition, because KM1, KM2 is dead electricity, and the (a) and (b) road keeps off-position.

The time-delay of transit time relay K T2 again; (g) KT2 contact adhesive in; The KM5 coil get--->(d) in road and (e) road KM5-1, KM5-2 break off---KM3, KT1 coil losing electricity, KM3, each contact of KT1 reset--->(d) in the road KM3-1 break off---the KT coil losing electricity.For (f), (g), (f) road keeps "on" position through the KM5-3 moving together contact simultaneously, and (g) road keeps "on" position through the KT2 moving together contact; Then, break off SB3--->(f) in the road KT2 coil losing electricity--->KT2 contact break off (g) KM5 coil losing electricity in the road---each contact of KM5 resets.So far, (a) and (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) all cut off the power supply.

Be illustrated in figure 6 as another kind of electric control circuit, when SB0 presses, (a) and (b), the energising of (c) road---produce electromagnetic force N.When SB1 opens, (a) road outage---produce electromagnetic force 2N/3; Through the time-delay of KT1, (b) road outage---generation electromagnetic force N/3; Retell time-delay, (c) road outage to KT2--->generation electromagnetic force 0.Open SB2 then, each road is all cut off the power supply, effect is identical with Fig. 5 circuit.

Each switch among above-mentioned Fig. 5, Fig. 6 can be controlled through the PLC controller, and time-delay is produced by relay.As other mode of executions, also can realize time-delay control by controller.As utilize PLC controller, PLC controller 7 to be fixed on the yoke 9 (like Fig. 1 near shell 10).In the PLC controller, set the corresponding time, the time of setting is then cut off corresponding control branch road.Like Fig. 7, (a) (b) is three PLC control branch roads (c), and their structures are identical, are example with (a), comprise relay K M1, power switch SB0 and corresponding deenergizing switch SB10, and the contact of the KM1 of an energising maintenance usefulness is parallelly connected with power switch SB0.SB0, SB10, SB20, SB40 all are controlled by the controller, and in the PLC controller, set the corresponding time, and set time arrives, and corresponding control branch road is cut off in corresponding deenergizing switch action.

Claims (3)

1. a tractor comprises the electromagnetic clutch between motor and the speed changer, fixedly is equipped with driving wheel on its input shaft; Slidable fit has the platen with driving wheel extruding, frictional fit on the output shaft, is equipped with armature on the platen, also is fixed with yoke on the output shaft; The electromagnetic spool device of corresponding armature is installed on the yoke; Fixedly be equipped with pressure spring on the supporting body of yoke and the output shaft between the platen, it is characterized in that, said electromagnetic spool device comprises at least two coil groups; Each coil groups comprises at least two electromagnetic coils that circumferentially are distributed on the yoke, the electromagnetic coil serial or parallel connection of each coil groups; Also be provided with the control gear of each coil groups energising of solenoidoperated cluthes, outage on the tractor, control gear is used for when clutch, and each coil groups is cut off the power supply one by one.

2. a kind of tractor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the electromagnetic coil of said each coil groups is staggered arranges.

3. a kind of tractor according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the coaxial setting of corresponding electromagnetic coil of said each coil.

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