Many bridges of hydraulic control steering hardware of air assisted
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of auto steerer, especially relates to a kind of many bridges of hydraulic control steering hardware of air assisted.
Background technology
Multi-axle automobile in the current technology reduces turn radius in order to improve manoevreability, often adopts multi-axle steering system, the turning to usually by the power steer direct drive of the active steering bridge of multi-axle automobile.Like U.S. Pat 005839527A, European patent EP 0150520B1, Chinese patent CN200981579Y etc., or by active hydraulic ram type of drive, like U.S. Pat 006012540A, Chinese patent CN101096215A etc.; And the realization of the divertical motion of driven steeraxle has several kinds of patterns at present: 1. adopt the hydraulic actuating cylinder direct drive of electronics package control to accomplish like U.S. Pat 006012540A; Chinese patent CN101096215A etc.; The maximum of this mode is that defective is when running into electromagnetic interference, failure phenomenon may occur; 2. utilizing the static pressure transmission principle, when turning to through the active steering bridge, the driven hydraulic cylinder piston of Mechanical Driven active hydraulic cylinder piston pump direct drive moves and accomplishes; U.S. Pat 005839527A for example, European patent EP 0150520B1, the equal non helping hand of divertical motion of driven steeraxle in these two patented technologies; Because driven bridge turns to and has resistance, the static pressure that leans on hydraulic cylinder piston pump initiatively to produce fully transmits and drives driven bridge and turn to, and must make static pressure pressure very high; Cause the crossfire on piston both sides to leak easily; And cause that driven bridge turns to precise decreasing, and cause the variation of driven bridge straight-line travelling state simultaneously, all adopting remedial measures in above two patented technologies certainly solves the variation of driven bridge straight-line travelling state; Correct but all belong to afterwards, effect is very undesirable; 3. also Mechanical Driven active hydraulic actuating cylinder when utilizing the static pressure transmission principle to turn among the Chinese patent CN200981579Y through the active steering bridge; The driven hydraulic cylinder piston of piston pump direct drive moves and accomplishes; And the divertical motion of driven steeraxle also has power-assisted; But its power-assisted directly is controlled by the turn sign of bearing circle, is a kind of open loop control; Power-assisted size and surface resistance are irrelevant, and be also irrelevant with active hydraulic actuating cylinder and driven hydraulic actuating cylinder, thereby control accuracy is low, and influence the driving and driven synchronization accuracy that turns to.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the main purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of many bridges of hydraulic control steering hardware of air assisted; Through the present technique scheme; Can the a/s ratio of divertical motion of the active steering bridge of many bridges car of turning direction be transferred to driven steeraxle, simultaneously through the power-assisted effect make turn to light, simple in structure; Arrange easily; It is high to transmit accurate efficient, receives the road surface to disturb the interference that produces to turn to inhibit function to driven steeraxle, thereby has further improved the handling stability that goes in bad road of multi-axle automobile.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The utility model adopts following technical scheme: a kind of many bridges of hydraulic control steering hardware of air assisted; Comprise active steering bridge and driven steeraxle; The divertical motion of said active steering bridge is driven through power steer by bearing circle, and the tierod of said active steering bridge is provided with actuating cylinder, and the tierod of driven steeraxle is provided with slave cylinder; The tierod of said active steering bridge drives the active piston motion of actuating cylinder; Active piston compressing actuating cylinder carries out pump oil, and the oil that pumps flows into the slave cylinder of driven steeraxle through oil pipe, drives relay piston and drives driven steeraxle intermediate rod the a/s ratio of wheel is turned to.
The tierod of said driven steeraxle is provided with driven power steering cylinder; This driven power steering cylinder; The high pressure gas that utilize air receiver to provide drive the tierod that boosting piston drives driven steeraxle, make the slave cylinder of driven steeraxle; Overcome the cornering resistance of driven steeraxle; The left and right chamber of said driven power steering cylinder links to each other with atmosphere entry with air receiver respectively through the power-assisted change-over valve, and the mode of operation of said power-assisted change-over valve is controlled by pressure-gradient control valve, the two ends of pressure-gradient control valve respectively with actuating cylinder and slave cylinder between two be connected oil pipe and connect; Pressure-gradient control valve is through two mode of operations that connect the difference of pressure control power-assisted change-over valve between the oil pipe, to reach the interlock of slave cylinder and driven power steering cylinder.
The tierod of said active steering bridge and driven steeraxle is divided into three sections; And connect with ball pivot each other; The tierod stage casing is passed actuating cylinder or slave cylinder and active piston or relay piston and is fixed; The cylinder body of actuating cylinder and slave cylinder is separately fixed on the steeraxle housing and parallels with it, and the other end of tierod left side section and the right section of tierod links to each other with the left and right sides steering swivel ball pin of steeraxle respectively.
The right chamber of said actuating cylinder is connected with oil pipe with the left chamber of slave cylinder; The left chamber of actuating cylinder is connected with oil pipe with the right chamber of slave cylinder; Be connected actuating cylinder and slave cylinder two and be connected with the function change-over valve on the oil pipe; This function change-over valve is made up of two different solenoid directional control valves of electric switch control; This function change-over valve has two states, and first kind of state is mode of operation, and the left and right chamber of actuating cylinder is communicated with the right side, the left chamber of slave cylinder respectively; Second kind of state is the adjustment state, and actuating cylinder oil circuit and slave cylinder oil circuit are broken off, and the left and right chamber of actuating cylinder interconnects, the mutual locking of left and right chamber of slave cylinder.
Said function change-over valve is made up of two different two-position four-way solenoid directional control valves of electric switch control; A station of first two-position four-way solenoid valve is with the oil circuit conducting; Another station commutates oil circuit; A station of second two-position four-way solenoid valve is with the oil circuit conducting, and another station seals oil circuit.
The cylinder body of said driven power steering cylinder is fixed on the driven steeraxle housing also parallel with it, and boosting piston is fixed on the driven steeraxle intermediate rod.
The shared piston rod of said pressure-gradient control valve and power-assisted change-over valve and a cylinder body; This cylinder body is by the dividing plate separated into two parts; A part is the pressure control valve chamber; Another part is a power-assisted change-over valve chamber, the two ends chamber of pressure control valve piston respectively with actuating cylinder and slave cylinder between two be connected oil pipe and connect; Pressure-gradient control valve is through above-mentioned two difference of pressure driving pressure control valve piston and the piston rods that connect between the oil pipes, and then drives the power-assisted change-over valve core and move, thus the state of control power-assisted change-over valve.
All be provided with the position indicator switch on said active steering bridge and the pairing tierod of driven steeraxle, be used to keep watch on active steering bridge and driven steeraxle work craspedodrome state.
The utility model is when work; The divertical motion of active steering bridge is still driven by power steer; When the steering swivel of power steer through the steering drag link drive front axle turns to, drive the active piston motion of actuating cylinder when the tierod of active steering bridge is done side-to-side movement, active piston compressing actuating cylinder carries out pump oil; Institute's pump oil mass is relevant with the annulus area between active piston stroke and active piston and the active piston bar; The oil that the actuating cylinder of active steering bridge pumps flows into the slave cylinder of driven steeraxle through oil pipe, drives the tierod that relay piston drives driven steeraxle, makes wheel steering; At this moment, the stroke of the relay piston of slave cylinder depends on oil mass and the piston of slave cylinder and the annulus area between the piston rod that pumps into; According to the car load master layout; Active steering bridge and driven steeraxle design the cylinder diameter of actuating cylinder and slave cylinder rightly to the distance of non-steering axle, just can guarantee the active steering bridge and adhere to specification basically from trend bridge deflection angle; Thereby the sliding wear of wheel when having reduced as much as possible to turn to; If when having a plurality of driven steeraxle, its hydraulic pressure transmission system must be independent separately, the transmission speed ratio is design calculation respectively.
The slave cylinder that gets into driven steeraxle drives the cornering resistance thereupon pressure rising of fluid because of overcoming driven steeraxle of relay piston; Between active steering bridge actuating cylinder and driven steeraxle slave cylinder two are connected and otherly in the oil pipe connect a pressure-gradient control valve; Pressure-gradient control valve utilizes above-mentioned two mode of operations that connect the difference of pressure control power-assisted change-over valve between the oil pipe; And then control the left and right chamber of driven power steering cylinder and the coupled condition between air receiver and the atmosphere entry, make the interlock of slave cylinder and driven power steering cylinder.
When the power-assisted change-over valve is opened the power-assisted loop; The side drive boosting piston that the high pressure gas that air receiver is provided flow into driven steeraxle power-assisted cylinder helps to overcome the cornering resistance of driven steeraxle; Thereby reduce the load of the power steer of active steering bridge; Make to turn to lightly, also reduced the oil pressure in driving and driven oil cylinder and the pipeline, help improving and turn to precision and reliability.On the other hand; When driven steeraxle wheel runs into the strong interference in road surface under steam and turns to voluntarily; To cause that also the oil pressure difference in actuating cylinder and slave cylinder piston both sides and the pipeline changes, pressure-gradient control valve at this moment also will utilize in the pipeline oil pressure difference orientation to open the power-assisted loop; The side drive boosting piston that the high pressure gas that air receiver is provided flow into driven steeraxle power-assisted cylinder helps to overcome turning to voluntarily of driven steeraxle, the handling stability ability thereby go in bad road of raising multi-axle automobile.
Whole hydraulic efficiency pressure system planted agent described in the utility model is full of fluid and drains gas, so related components all has oiling and exhausr port; After car load steering hardware and hydraulic pressure transmission system thereof install, at first want the oiling exhaust, drain gas after; Could adjust the deflection angle initial value of each steeraxle, promptly when active steering bridge deflection angle was zero, each driven steeraxle deflection angle also was zero; With this as the whether normal standard of this device; Be provided with the unit state monitoring structural specially for this reason, the indicator lamp of promptly keeping straight on, whether be convenient to monitoring device normal.
In order to guarantee the time to get into the adjustment state easily, and in use can guarantee not malleable of state in adjustment.Especially be connected the oil pipe centre and be provided with a function change-over valve two of the slave cylinder of the actuating cylinder of active steering bridge and driven steeraxle; This function change-over valve is made up of two different solenoid directional control valves of electric switch control; This function change-over valve has two states; First kind of state is mode of operation, and the left and right chamber of actuating cylinder is communicated with the right side, the left chamber of slave cylinder respectively; Second kind of state is the adjustment state, and actuating cylinder oil circuit and slave cylinder are broken off, and the left and right chamber of actuating cylinder interconnects, the mutual locking of left and right chamber of slave cylinder.The rotation direction machine can make active steering bridge independent steering, and driven steeraxle is motionless.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is: a kind of many bridges of hydraulic control steering hardware of air assisted, driven the turning to of many bridges car of turning direction cancelled mechanical transfer mechanism, adopted the hydraulic pressure transmission system of present technique scheme in the transmission after; Structure is simple relatively, arranges that easily, efficient is high; Simultaneously because of air pressure assisted effect is arranged; So turn to lightly, the interference that disturb produced by the road surface to driven steeraxle has turned to inhibit function, thereby improves the handling stability that goes in the bad road of many bridges car of turning direction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the front and back wheel divertical motion scheme drawing of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the transmission system and control scheme drawing of divertical motion before and after the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of pressure-gradient control valve and power-assisted change-over valve in the utility model.
Among the figure, 1 actuating cylinder, 2 active pistons, 3 vent cap, 4 active steering bridge tierods, 5 steering drag links, 6 craspedodrome indicator lamp position switchs, 7 active steering bridges, 8 driven steeraxle 9 back craspedodrome indicator lamp position switchs, 10 power-assisted cylinders, 11 slave cylinders, 12 driven steeraxle intermediate rods, 13 atmosphere entrys, 14, air receiver, 15 piston rods, 16 pressure control valve pistons, 17 pressure-gradient control valves and power-assisted change-over valve, 18 power-assisted change-over valve cores, 19,20 two-position four-way solenoid directional control valves, 21 jackshafts.
The specific embodiment
Specific embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the utility model is described further the present technique scheme.
The embodiment of many bridges of hydraulic control steering hardware of the air assisted that the utility model relates to is three bridge automobiles; As shown in Figure 1; One end of preceding steering drag link 5 is driven by the power steer plumbing arm of active steering bridge; The other end turns right off front wheel through the right steering joint that the ball pin drives front steering axle 7, and off front wheel drives the near front wheel through syllogic propons tierod 4 and turns right, and on the stage casing of the tierod 4 of active steering bridge actuating cylinder 1 is housed; The active piston 2 that active steering bridge tierod 4 drives actuating cylinder 1 moves right; Active piston 2 compressing actuating cylinders carry out pump oil, and the oil that is pumped is transported to slave cylinder 11 through hydraulic control fluid power transmission system, and the slave cylinder 11 that makes the driven steeraxle 8 that the is positioned at body tail tierod 12 that 10 drivings are positioned at the driven steeraxle of body tail with two power-assisted cylinders moves right; Drive left and right trailing wheel left-handed turning to, accomplish the transmission of divertical motion.
In above-mentioned steering procedure, the jackshaft 21 that is positioned at the driven steeraxle at vehicle body middle part does not turn to, and forward and backward wheel steering is in the opposite direction, and size is proportional, and each wheel moves around car load transient motion center O.The transient motion center O is on the extended line of jackshaft 21 axis.So, each wheel all is a pure rolling, and wear on tyres and resistance to motion are less, and minimum turning radius is also less.
As shown in Figure 2; That does not draw the driven steeraxle that is positioned at vehicle body middle part among the figure does not turn to jackshaft; When moving right the active piston 2 that drives actuating cylinder 1, active steering bridge tierod 4 moves right oil when the right-hand member oil pipe pumps; The oil that is pumped flows into the relay piston left end of the slave cylinder 11 of driven steeraxle 8 through two different two-position four-way solenoid directional control valves 19 and 20, drive relay piston and drive driven steeraxle intermediate rod 12 and move right, and make the rear wheel left-handed turning to; When in the rear wheel steering procedure, meeting obstructions; This resistance can make the relay piston left side pressure of slave cylinder 11 raise; And right atrial pressure descends and produce pressure reduction; This pressure reduction is reflected in the pressure-gradient control valve through oil pipe, and pressure-gradient control valve and power-assisted change-over valve 17 are designed to one, a shared piston rod 15 and a cylinder body.The two ends chamber of pressure control valve piston 16 respectively with actuating cylinder 1 and slave cylinder 11 between two be connected oil pipe and connect; Pressure-gradient control valve utilizes above-mentioned two difference of pressure driving pressure control valve pistons 16 that connect between the oil pipe; Drive piston rod 15; And then drive power-assisted change-over valve core 18 and be moved to the left, the tracheae of two power-assisted cylinder 10 left ends of at this moment driven steeraxle 8 all is communicated with the high pressure gas pipeline of air receiver 14, and the tracheae of right-hand member all is communicated with atmosphere entry 13; The boosting piston of two power-assisted cylinders 10 is all moved right by drive of high-pressure gas; The boosting piston of the driven power-assisted cylinder 10 that turns to and the relay piston of slave cylinder 11 are linked, and keep receiving force direction identical, thereby be used for overcoming the cornering resistance left of trailing wheel.The propulsion source of power-assisted cylinder is provided by the original compression barrel of automobile.
When the front and back wheel steering angle is appropriate, the axis of each wheel flutter is intersected at a point as far as possible, and drop on the extended line of the jackshaft axis that does not turn to jackshaft of the driven steeraxle that is positioned at vehicle body middle part; Such steering tire wearing and tearing are minimum, and consumed power is minimum, and minimum turning radius is also minimum.
Whole hydraulic efficiency pressure system planted agent in the utility model is full of fluid and drains gas, so at the two ends of actuating cylinder 1 and slave cylinder 11, and pressure control valve piston 16 both sides all are provided with oiling and exhausr port and cover 3 (lid 3 of slave cylinder 11 does not draw in the drawings); After car load steering hardware and hydraulic pressure transmission system thereof install, at first want the oiling exhaust, drain gas after, lid close-up gas port lid 3 could be adjusted the initial value of the deflection angle of active steering bridge and driven steeraxle.Promptly when active steering bridge 7 deflection angles are zero degree; The deflection angle that is positioned at the driven steeraxle 8 of body tail also is zero degree; Whether normally this is device standard; Be provided with the unit state monitoring structural specially, promptly preceding craspedodrome indicator lamp position switch 6 and back craspedodrome indicator lamp position switch 9, in-use vehicle wheel orientator guarantee that front and back wheel all is in preceding craspedodrome indicator lamp position switch 6 of installation and back craspedodrome indicator lamp position switch 9 under the craspedodrome state for this reason; Just can reflect through flickering of indicator lamp whether front and back wheel is in the craspedodrome state, and whether be convenient to monitoring device normal.
In order to guarantee when needs are adjusted, to get into the adjustment state easily, and in use can guarantee not malleable of state, be provided with function change-over valve in the utility model especially with work and two states of adjustment.This function change-over valve is made up of two different two-position four-way solenoid directional control valves 19 and 20 of electric switch control, and a station of two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 19 is with the oil circuit conducting, and another station commutates oil circuit.A station of two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 20 is with the oil circuit conducting, and another station seals oil circuit.When needs adjustment active steering bridge 7 makes zero with the deflection angle that is positioned at the driven steeraxle 8 of body tail simultaneously; Earlier make two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 19 and 20 all be in left side mode of operation like Fig. 2 through electric switch, at this moment actuating cylinder 1 is communicated with slave cylinder 11, active steering bridge 7 and the driven steeraxle that is positioned at body tail 8 interlocks; Steering wheel rotation will be positioned at driven steeraxle 8 deflection angles of body tail and set to zero; Whether be zero, if non-vanishing, then two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 19 and 20 is switched to the right adjustment state if reexamining active steering bridge 7 deflection angles; Actuating cylinder 1 and slave cylinder 11 oil circuits are broken off; The oil circuit at actuating cylinder 1 two ends interconnects, the mutual locking of oil circuit at slave cylinder 11 two ends, and the rotation direction machine then can make active steering bridge 7 independent steerings; And the driven steeraxle 8 that is positioned at body tail is a zero condition because of slave cylinder 11 is fixed on deflection angle by locking, but so just independent adjustment active steering bridge 7 deflection angles have been zero.
The above is merely the preferable possible embodiments of the utility model, is not in order to limit the protection domain of the utility model.