A kind ofly handle the device that power cell is disassembled the Fe-laden acid wastewater of generation
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the three industrial wastes processing technology field, is specifically related to a kind of device that power cell is disassembled the Fe-laden acid wastewater that produces in the process of handling.
Background technology
The pollution of refuse battery and improvement thereof have become one of environment protection focus of social extensive concern the most.3 or 4 lead-acid celies (one group) of the most use of each electric bicycle at present, every Battery pack weight is between the 12-16 kilogram.By 1.5 years mean lives of each battery, China has the electric bicycle battery more than 400,000 tons to scrap every year, and quantity is big troubling really.
The power cell that power truck produces belongs to Hazardous wastes.Battery is in normal use; Can't impact environment; If but inner heavy metallic salt and soda acid etc. leak, get into surrounding mediums such as soil or water source, will be through approach such as food chain entering human body; Long-term savings is difficult to get rid of, with infringement people's neural system, cause septicemia and other pathology; Refuse battery also is huge to environmental disruption.If ability is the recycling disposal method reasonably, useless power cell can become valuable renewable resource.
When disassembling, power cell generally contains shell, iron, aluminium, film, positive and negative electrode material and electrolytic solution.The tin nickel compound accounted for more than 90% during refuse was formed; (diethyl carbonate-DEC) is an inflammable liquid colourless, odorous slightly such as the electrolytic solution of lithium cell; Meet naked light, high heat has the incendiary of causing dangerous, sucks symptoms such as can causing headache, giddy, weakness, nauseating, expiratory dyspnea behind this liquid.Electrolytic solution or its high density steam have pungency.Wherein to the contact of the additive (ethylene sulfite ES) of lithium salts, chlorine etc. with suck and all can produce the long term toxicity effect and cause and headache, weak, insomnia and respiratory tract symptom can cause supersensitivity or contact dermatitis.If these Fe-laden acid wastewaters, contain the improper potential threat that can exist produce secondary pollution, cause serious environmental exposure hidden danger of deleterious gas processing.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming and deficiency that overcome prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of device that power cell is disassembled the Fe-laden acid wastewater that produces in the process of handling.
The purpose of the utility model realizes through following technical proposals:
A kind ofly handle the device that power cell is disassembled the Fe-laden acid wastewater of generation, comprise the Fe-laden acid wastewater pond, stainless steel cauldron, high concentrated acid liquid pool and the anticorrosion chlorination tower that connect successively through pipeline;
Be provided with screen cloth in the stainless steel cauldron, pile up iron filings on the screen cloth; Be provided with spray header in the stainless steel cauldron top and be communicated with Fe-laden acid wastewater pond, the Fe-laden acid wastewater is sprayed onto in the still through spray header; The still wall of screen cloth below is provided with chlorine inlet, and chlorine rises in still through the sieve aperture on the screen cloth, its with the Fe-laden acid wastewater that sprays downwards, reach iron filings and contact, series reaction takes place in the three; The stainless steel cauldron bottom is communicated with the high concentrated acid liquid pool;
Be provided with screen cloth, iron filings and chlorine inlet in the anticorrosion chlorination tower, interior the same of its mutual alignment relation and stainless steel cauldron; Be provided with spray header in the anticorrosion chlorination top of tower and be communicated with the high concentrated acid liquid pool, the high density acid solution is sprayed onto in the anticorrosion chlorination tower through spray header; Chlorine rises in tower through the sieve aperture on the screen cloth, its with the high density acid solution of spraying downwards, and iron filings contact, series reaction takes place in the three; Anticorrosion chlorination tower bottom is provided with the iron trichloride outlet.
Described high concentrated acid liquid pool bottom also is provided with evacuated tube, under maintenance, maintenance, inspection, multiple environment such as out of service, all need use evacuated tube;
Described stainless steel cauldron and anticorrosion chlorination tower are respectively equipped with suction opening and slag notch;
Described spray header is a SE duroplasts spray header, and the angle that water and stainless steel cauldron longitudinal center line or anticorrosion chlorination tower longitudinal center line form during its water spray is 60 ° to the maximum;
Described screen cloth is the ethylene-propylene copolymer screen cloth;
The volume of said iron filings accounts for screen cloth to cat head/still top volumetrical 70%.
A kind of processing power cell based on said apparatus is disassembled the method for the Fe-laden acid wastewater of generation, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the Fe-laden acid wastewater is fed stainless steel cauldron, feed chlorine simultaneously; Chlorine feeds speed and the feeding speed of Fe-laden acid wastewater and the Fe in the Fe-laden acid wastewater
3+, H
+, FeCl
3, material such as HCl concentration relevant, need confirm according to concrete composition, concentration, feeding speed.Generally speaking, chlorine feeding speed is 10-15m
3/ s, it is 1.5-4.5m that the Fe-laden acid wastewater feeds speed
3/ s.
In said process, react 1,2 and 3 in the stainless steel cauldron; In the spray process, because of dysoxidation, reaction is carried out fully inadequately, and the effluent of stainless steel cauldron is except containing FeCl
3Contain a spot of FeCl in addition
2, form the high density acid solution.Can calculate the FeCl that contains 24.332% (mass percent) in the high concentrated acid liquid pool through ionic equation
3, 1.837% FeCl
2With 2.838% HCl;
2Fe+FeCl
3=3FeCl
2 (1)
Fe+HCl=FeCl
2+H
2↑ (2)
2Fe+Cl
2=2FeCl
3 (3)
2FeCl
2+Cl
2=2FeCl
3+Δh (4)
(2) feed anticorrosion chlorination tower to the high density acid solution, feed chlorine simultaneously; FeCl in the feeding speed of chlorine feeding speed and high density acid solution and the high density acid solution
2Concentration relevant.Generally speaking, the feeding speed of chlorine is 20-70kg/h, and the feeding speed of high density acid solution is 1.5-4.5m
3/ s.
In said process, react 4 in the anticorrosion chlorination tower.Make an appointment with the interior acidity decline of tower half a hour and FeCl is arranged after feeding the high density acid solution
2Generate, preceding half a hour, logical chlorine speed was 20~30 (kilogram/times).Generally can bring up to 100-240 ℃, form fierce boiling through liquid temperature in 2~3 hours anticorrosion chlorination towers.Simultaneously, under the situation of not spill-over, add the iron filings that calculated batch of material gradually, FeCl in total add-on of iron filings and the high density acid solution keeping the boiling of tower internal recycle
2Concentration, the feeding speed of high density acid solution, iron filings purity relevant, can combine iron filings purity calculate total add-on of iron filings according to chemical equation (4).When the black powder disappearance of solution surface, expression iron all dissolves, and can collect iron trichloride in the iron trichloride outlet.
Method of the present invention finally only produces iron trichloride, does not have remaining waste water.
In step (1) and (2), have or not chlorine to emerge at suction opening with ammoniacal liquor inspection, as finding the suction opening white cigarette of emerging, then turn down the feeding amount of chlorine;
The mol ratio of ammonia and water is 2: 5 in the said ammoniacal liquor.
The utility model has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
1, the apparatus and method of the utility model can be fully utilized the staple in the three wastes.Casing half is an iron when disassembling such as battery, can be processed into iron filings; The final iron trichloride that produces of wastewater treatment is a kind of water purification agent, can recycle.Avoided pollution like this to surrounding environment.Repeatedly test practice and knowhow show that it is effective adopting this apparatus and process flow process.
2, the method flow of the utility model is simple, and operating process is convenient, only needs to replenish iron filings and liquid chlorine behind the recovery iron trichloride; Raw material is easy to get, and can adopt power cell to disassemble the waste material of generation.
3, the sub product after waste water and the off gas treatment is an iron trichloride.Iron trichloride has water purification effect preferably, and low price can replace more expensive water purification agents such as alum, PAC.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the utility model a kind of handles the structural representation of device that power cell is disassembled the Fe-laden acid wastewater of generation; Wherein, 1-Fe-laden acid wastewater pond, 2-lift pump, 3-chlorine inlet, 4-screen cloth, 5-iron filings; The 6-slag notch, 7-ceramic wall, 8-suction opening, 9-valve, 10-spray header; The outlet of 11-iron trichloride, 12-evacuated tube, 13-high concentrated acid liquid pool, 14-stainless steel cauldron, the anticorrosion chlorination tower of 15-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail, but the embodiment of the utility model is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
A kind ofly handle the device that power cell is disassembled the Fe-laden acid wastewater of generation, comprise the Fe-laden acid wastewater pond 1, stainless steel cauldron 14, high concentrated acid liquid pool 13 and the anticorrosion chlorination tower 15 that connect successively through pipeline;
Be provided with screen cloth 4 in the stainless steel cauldron 14, pile up iron filings 5 on the screen cloth 4; Be provided with spray header 10 in stainless steel cauldron 14 tops and be communicated with Fe-laden acid wastewater pond 1, the Fe-laden acid wastewater is sprayed onto in the still through spray header 10; The still wall of screen cloth 4 belows is provided with chlorine inlet 3, and chlorine rises in still through the sieve aperture on the screen cloth 4, its with the Fe-laden acid wastewater that sprays downwards, and iron filings contact, series reaction takes place in the three; Stainless steel cauldron 14 bottoms are communicated with high concentrated acid liquid pool 13;
High concentrated acid liquid pool 13 bottoms are provided with evacuated tube 12, under maintenance, maintenance, inspection, multiple environment such as out of service, all need use evacuated tube;
Be provided with screen cloth 4, iron filings 5 and chlorine inlet 3 in the anticorrosion chlorination tower 15, interior the same of its mutual alignment relation and stainless steel cauldron 14; Be provided with spray header 10 in anticorrosion chlorination tower 15 tops and be communicated with high concentrated acid liquid pool 13, the high density acid solution is sprayed onto in the anticorrosion chlorination tower through spray header 10; Chlorine rises in tower through the sieve aperture on the screen cloth 4, its with the high density acid solution of spraying downwards, and iron filings contact, series reaction takes place in the three; Anticorrosion chlorination tower 15 bottoms are provided with iron trichloride outlet 11.
Stainless steel cauldron 14 is respectively equipped with suction opening 8 and slag notch 6 with anticorrosion chlorination tower 15;
Described spray header 10 is a SE duroplasts spray header, and the angle that water and stainless steel cauldron longitudinal center line or anticorrosion chlorination tower longitudinal center line form during water spray is 60 ° to the maximum;
Described screen cloth 4 is the ethylene-propylene copolymer screen cloth;
The volume of said iron filings 5 accounts for screen cloth to cat head/still top volumetrical 70%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of processing power cell based on said apparatus is disassembled the method for the Fe-laden acid wastewater of generation, may further comprise the steps:
(1) the Fe-laden acid wastewater is fed stainless steel cauldron, feed chlorine simultaneously; The feeding speed of chlorine is 10m
3/ s, the feeding speed of Fe-laden acid wastewater is 1.5m
3/ s.Composition in the Fe-laden acid wastewater is as shown in table 1.
The one-tenth of table 1 Fe-laden acid wastewater is grouped into
In said process, react 1,2 and 3 in the stainless steel cauldron; In the spray process, because of dysoxidation, reaction is carried out fully inadequately, and the effluent of stainless steel cauldron is except containing FeCl
3Contain a spot of FeCl in addition
2, form the high density acid solution.Can calculate the FeCl that contains 24.332% (mass percent) in the high concentrated acid liquid pool through ionic equation
3, 1.837% FeCl
2With 2.838% HCl.
2Fe+FeCl
3=3FeCl
2 (1)
Fe+HCl=FeCl
2+H
2↑ (2)
2Fe+Cl
2=2FeCl
3 (3)
2FeCl
2+Cl
2=2FeCl
3+Δh (4)
(2) adding 70 kilograms of iron filings is bed material, feeds anticorrosion chlorination tower to the high density acid solution, feeds chlorine simultaneously.FeCl in the high density acid solution
3, FeCl
2Massfraction concentration be respectively 23.1%, 2.5%.The feeding speed of high density acid solution is 1.5m
3/ s.Preceding half a hour, logical chlorine flow was 20-30 (kilogram/time), and logical chlorine flow is 60-70 (kilogram/time) after half a hour.Behind the reaction 20-30min in the tower acidity descend and FeCl arranged
2Generate.
In said process, react 4 in the anticorrosion chlorination tower; The liquid temperature can be brought up to 100-240 ℃ in general 2~3 hours, formed fierce boiling.Simultaneously, under the situation of not spill-over, add the iron filings that calculated batch of material keeping the boiling of tower internal recycle gradually, total add-on of iron filings is 92.7Kg (iron filings purity is 37%, massfraction).When the black powder disappearance of solution surface, expression iron all dissolves, and can collect iron trichloride in the iron trichloride outlet.
In step (1) and (2), have or not chlorine to emerge at suction opening with ammoniacal liquor (mol ratio of ammonia and water is 2: 5) inspection, as finding the suction opening white cigarette of emerging, then turn down the feeding amount of chlorine;
The iron trichloride impurity that present embodiment obtains is few, and purity is high, can be used as water purification agent, and its one-tenth is grouped into sees table 2.
The one-tenth of table 2 iron trichloride is grouped into
The exhaust qualification result: the dust concentration that records discharging from suction opening is 100mg/m
3, blackness of exhaustion is that 1 Green is graceful; Above index reaches various metallurgy, the industrial furnace of country's regulation on January 1st, 1997, the highest primary standard of emission concentration perhaps that fills of flue dust and industrial dust.
Can find out that from above result the present invention handles power cell and disassembles the method for the Fe-laden acid wastewater of generation and effectively utilize and consumed and contain iron waste water, has finally obtained the high sub product of purity---iron trichloride, institute's waste discharge gas meets relative national standards.
The foregoing description is the utility model preferred implementation; But the embodiment of the utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; Other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit and the principle of the utility model, substitutes, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within the protection domain of the utility model.