CN202371487U - LED (Light Emitting Diode) daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp - Google Patents
LED (Light Emitting Diode) daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202371487U CN202371487U CN2011204866931U CN201120486693U CN202371487U CN 202371487 U CN202371487 U CN 202371487U CN 2011204866931 U CN2011204866931 U CN 2011204866931U CN 201120486693 U CN201120486693 U CN 201120486693U CN 202371487 U CN202371487 U CN 202371487U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- led
- power supply
- fluorescent lamp
- fluorescent tube
- daylight lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Fastening Of Light Sources Or Lamp Holders (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Elements, Cooling, Sealing, Or The Like Of Lighting Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides an LED (Light Emitting Diode) daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing a fluorescent lamp and relates to the technical field of illumination. The LED daylight lamp device structurally comprises an LED tube and an externally arranged LED power supply; end covers are respectively connected with two ends of the LED tube; inner ends of two terminals which are arranged in the same end cover are short-circuited through an electric conductor; the LED tube is provided with a DC (Direct Current) input end; the externally arranged LED power supply is provided with a starter interface terminal and a DC output end; and the DC output end is detachably and electrically connected with the DC input end through a power line. The LED power supply of the LED daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing the fluorescent lamp is directly mounted in the original position of a starter and is matched with an original starter interface, and the LED tube is directly mounted in the original position of the fluorescent lamp, so that no circuit needs to be changed by using the LED daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing the fluorescent lamp, the LED power supply and the LED tube can be quickly replaced and the LED daylight lamp device is convenient and practicable. The LED power supply is arranged in the starter position of an original lamp board and is arranged externally, so that the whole LED daylight lamp device has the characteristics of easy passing in safety standard, high glaring quality and the like.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to lighting technical field, particularly relates to a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use.
Background technology
Traditional fluorescent tube is claimed fluorescent lamp again, and is as shown in Figure 3, and lamp tube ends respectively has a filament; Be filled with the argon of trace and thin mercury vapour in the fluorescent tube; Scribble fluorescent material on the tube inner wall, send ultraviolet ray during gaseous conduction between two filaments, make fluorescent material send visible light; Owing to contain heavy metal pollution material " mercury ", make that the fluorescent tube of scrapping is very serious to the pollution of environment.
And the LED fluorescent lamp adopts light emitting diode as light source, and light efficiency is higher, more energy-conservation, longer service life, and more environmental protection.The LED fluorescent lamp energy-saving is up to more than 70%, and the life-span is more than 10 times of common fluorescent tube, almost is non-maintaining, does not have the problem that will often change fluorescent tube, ballast, starter, and the expense of saving of getting off half a year approximately just can gain cost.Become the ideal product that the current stage replaces fluorescent tube.
In the prior art, as shown in Figure 4, almost all LED fluorescent lamps all are the LED fluorescent lamps 19 that adopts built-in power on the market.So-called built-in power just is meant power supply is positioned over the fluorescent tube the inside.This built-in great advantage can be made direct replacement traditional fluorescent lamp tube exactly, and need not original circuit is done any change.For example: application number is 201120020876.4 Chinese utility model patent; " a kind of LED lamp with starter " disclosed; Its technical scheme comprises LED fluorescent tube and LED starter, and each end of LED fluorescent tube all is provided with two terminals, two terminal short circuits of LED fluorescent tube one end; Two terminals of the other end are distinct terminals; One of them distinct terminals is used for joining with an electric power incoming line, and another distinct terminals is joined through a terminal of LED starter and short circuit, and another terminal and another electric power incoming line of short circuit join.LED fluorescent tube and LED starter are installed on the inlet wire type lamp socket of two ends, and this has the compatible traditional two ends inlet wire type lamp socket of LED lamp ability of starter, and above-mentioned LED lamp has adopted the mode of built-in power.
But there is following shortcoming in this on-chip power formula LED fluorescent lamp: it is big that the power supply difficulty is changed in (1)., if power supply broken directly change whole LED fluorescent lamp will cause great waste much larger than the service life of power supply the service life of LED, if only change power supply, must rely on the professional that circuit is carried out dismounting and change again; (2) influence the luminous quality of LED.It is evenly soft inadequately etc. that the heat that sends makes that the LED fluorescent lamp in use can produce dazzle, shadow and bright dipping; (3) weak heat-dissipating.Because it is built-in that power supply adopts, the heat of power supply also just joins in the fluorescent tube, makes the heat radiation of LED increase difficulty again, has shortened the service life of LED; (4) cost recovery is high, and the built-in power formula has also increased the cost of the recycling of electronic waste, handles respectively because must split out power unit come again; (5) be difficult to reach the standard of safety.Because on-chip power makes a big impact to reaching the safety standard.
Application number is that 200920134372.8 Chinese utility model patent discloses " a kind of LED fluorescent lamp of external LED power supply "; Comprise LED daylight lamp body; Be connected with an external LED power supply on this LED daylight lamp body; Said external LED power supply comprises PCB circuit board, input and output terminal, power pack, and the PCB circuit board is built in the power pack, and input terminal is connected with LED daylight lamp body through PCB circuit board, lead-out terminal.Though the LED fluorescent lamp of the LED power supply that this is external has solved some defectives that on-chip power exists, its power supply installation needs to change original circuit, just can be fixed on the lamp plate of traditional fluorescent lamp.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the utility model is to avoid weak point of the prior art and a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use is provided; Its LED power supply can directly be installed on original starter position; And mating original starter interface, the LED fluorescent tube can directly be installed on the position of original fluorescent lamp, so use the LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the utility model need not change any circuit; Can realize simple replacing fast, convenient and practical; Because the LED power supply is external, make the LED fluorescent tube can realize free from glare, unshadowed and bright dipping is evenly soft; When end energising, the other end touches with hand and is perfectly safe; The heat of LED power supply distributes from the light outside, has alleviated the heat radiation burden of LED fluorescent tube, has prolonged the service life of LED fluorescent tube; Also can practice thrift cost recovery and reach the standard of safety easily.
The purpose of the utility model realizes through following technical scheme.
A kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use; Include LED fluorescent tube and external LED power supply; The two ends of said LED fluorescent tube are connected with end cap respectively, and said end cap is provided with two terminals, and said terminal includes the outer end that is arranged at the inboard the inner of said end cap and is arranged at the said end cap outside; Be arranged at between the inner of said two terminals of end cap through the electric-conductor short circuit, said fluorescent tube is provided with the DC input;
Said external LED power supply is provided with starter Interface Terminal and DC output;
Said DC output detachably is electrically connected with said DC input through power line.
Preferably, pass through the conducting strip short circuit between the inner of said two terminals.
Another is preferred, passes through the lead short circuit between the inner of said two terminals.
Preferably, said LED fluorescent tube includes radiator and lampshade, and said radiator and said lampshade are interconnected to form the LED fluorescent tube of hollow cylindrical.
Preferred, the mutual snapping of said radiator and said lampshade forms the LED fluorescent tube of hollow cylindrical.
Further, said radiator is provided with groove, and said lampshade is provided with raised line, and said raised line is connected with said groove fit.
Another is preferred, and said radiator evenly is provided with fin.
Preferably; Said LED fluorescent tube includes the led light source assembly, is provided with substrate in the LED fluorescent tube of said hollow cylindrical, and the two ends of said substrate are connected with said radiator; Said led light source assembly is arranged at said substrate, and said led light source assembly is electrically connected with said DC input.
Preferred, said substrate is provided with clip.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is following:
A kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the utility model; Include LED fluorescent tube and external LED power supply; The two ends of LED fluorescent tube are connected with end cap respectively, and end cap is provided with two terminals, and terminal includes the outer end that is arranged at the inboard the inner of end cap and is arranged at the end cap outside; Be arranged at between the inner of two terminals of end cap through the electric-conductor short circuit, fluorescent tube is provided with the DC input; External LED power supply is provided with starter Interface Terminal and DC output; The DC output detachably is electrically connected with the DC input through power line.
Compared with prior art; A kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the utility model, its LED power supply can directly be installed on original starter position, and matees original starter interface; The LED fluorescent tube can directly be installed on the position of original fluorescent lamp; So use the LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the utility model need not change any circuit, can realize simple quick the replacing, convenient and practical; Because the LED power supply is external, make the LED fluorescent tube can realize free from glare, unshadowed and bright dipping is evenly soft; When end energising, the other end touches with hand and is perfectly safe; The heat of LED power supply distributes from the light outside, has alleviated the heat radiation burden of LED fluorescent tube, has prolonged the service life of LED fluorescent tube; Also can practice thrift cost recovery and reach the standard of safety easily.
Description of drawings
Utilize accompanying drawing that the utility model is further specified, but the content in the accompanying drawing does not constitute any restriction to the utility model.
Fig. 1 is structure and the circuit diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in a cross section of the LED fluorescent tube of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure and the circuit diagram of the fluorescent lamp of prior art.
Fig. 4 is the structure and the circuit diagram of LED fluorescent lamp of the built-in power of prior art.
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, include:
LED fluorescent tube 1;
LED power supply 2;
End cap 3;
Terminal 4;
Electric-conductor 5;
DC input 6;
Starter Interface Terminal 7;
DC output 8;
Power line 9;
Radiator 10;
Lampshade 11;
Led light source assembly 15;
The LED fluorescent lamp 19 of built-in power.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with following examples the utility model is described further.
embodiment 1.
A kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus such as Fig. 1 that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of present embodiment is extremely shown in Figure 4; Include LED fluorescent tube 1 and external LED power supply 2; The two ends of LED fluorescent tube 1 are connected with end cap 3 respectively, and end cap 3 is provided with two terminals 4, and terminal 4 includes the outer end that is arranged at the inner of end cap 3 inboards and is arranged at end cap 3 outsides; Be arranged at between the inner of two terminals 4 of end cap 3 through electric-conductor 5 short circuits, fluorescent tube 1 is provided with DC input 6.
External LED power supply 2 is provided with starter Interface Terminal 7 and DC output 8.External LED power supply 2 with starter Interface Terminal 7 can directly be installed on the position of starter, convenient for maintaining or replacing.The DC output 8 that is provided with can be LED fluorescent tube 1 provides driving power.
DC output 8 detachably is electrically connected with DC input 6 through power line 9.When needs are changed external LED power supply 2, can power line 9 be extracted from DC input 6, whole LED power supply 2 is replaced get final product.
The LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the utility model; Its LED power supply 2 can directly be installed on original starter position; And mating original starter interface, LED fluorescent tube 1 can directly be installed on the position of original fluorescent lamp, so use the LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the utility model need not change any circuit; Can realize simple replacing fast, convenient and practical; Because LED power supply 2 is external, make LED fluorescent tube 1 can realize free from glare, unshadowed and bright dipping is evenly soft; When end energising, the other end touches with hand and is perfectly safe; The heat of LED power supply 2 distributes from the light outside, has alleviated the heat radiation burden of LED fluorescent tube 1, has prolonged the service life of LED fluorescent tube 1; Also can practice thrift cost recovery and reach the standard of safety easily.
The installation process of the utility model is following:
In the process of the LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace the fluorescent lamp use of installation the utility model, only need original starter is taken off, the LED power supply 2 that will possess starter Interface Terminal 7 is installed on the position of this starter as the installation starter; Original fluorescent lamp tube is taken off, and the position that LED fluorescent tube 1 is installed on original dress fluorescent lamp tube gets final product.
After the LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the utility model was installed on lamp plate, its operation principle was following:
Scheme as a reference with Fig. 1; Power supply input L end is electrically connected with an end of the terminal 4 of LED fluorescent tube 1 lower left; The other end of the terminal 4 of the lower left of LED fluorescent tube 1 is electrically connected with an end of the electric-conductor 5 on the left side; The other end of the electric-conductor 5 on the left side is electrically connected with an end of LED fluorescent tube 1 upper left terminal 4, and the other end of LED fluorescent tube 1 upper left terminal 4 is electrically connected with the interface on the starter left side, and the interface on the starter left side is electrically connected with an end of external LED power supply 2; The other end of external LED power supply 2 is electrically connected with the interface on starter the right; The interface on starter the right is electrically connected with an end of LED fluorescent tube 1 top-right terminal 4, and the other end of LED fluorescent tube 1 top-right terminal 4 is electrically connected with an end of the electric-conductor 5 on the right, and the other end of the electric-conductor 5 on the right is electrically connected with an end of LED fluorescent tube 1 bottom-right terminal 4; The other end of LED fluorescent tube 1 bottom-right terminal 4 is electrically connected with an end of ballast, and the other end of ballast is electrically connected with power supply input N end.
To directly guide to external LED power supply 2 from the alternating voltage of electrical network; After the voltage stabilizing processing through external LED power supply 2; Export low DC voltage; The DC output 8 of external LED power supply 2 is connected to the DC input 6 of LED fluorescent tube 1, and external LED power supply 2 offers LED fluorescent tube 1 with this voltage.
Need to prove: the situation of only two terminals of LED fluorescent tube one end being carried out short circuit only is fit to the LED fluorescent lamp of built-in power; As shown in Figure 4; And for the LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use of the external power supply of the utility model; If just with two terminal short circuits of LED fluorescent tube one end, then circuit can not constitute a loop.
The utility model replaces with LED power supply 2 with original starter; Interface is identical; LED power supply 2 is installed in the position of original starter, and uses same interface, and original fluorescent lamp is replaced with the LED fluorescent tube; Do not change any circuit of former fluorescent lamp lamp plate, can reach energy-conservation, free from glare, unshadowed and bright dipping is evenly soft; When end energising, the other end touches with hand and is perfectly safe; The heat of LED power supply distributes from the light outside, alleviates the heat radiation burden of LED fluorescent tube 1, prolongs the service life of LED fluorescent tube 1; Also can practice thrift cost recovery, conveniently beyond thought technique effect such as install and use.
embodiment 2.
A kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use, other structures of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1, and difference is: pass through the conducting strip short circuit between the inner of two terminals 4.Use conducting strip can make things convenient for production and processing.
LED fluorescent tube 1 includes radiator 10 and lampshade 11, and radiator 10 and lampshade 11 are interconnected to form the LED fluorescent tube of hollow cylindrical.Make that the profile of LED fluorescent tube 1 is basic identical with fluorescent lamp, can mate original fluorescent lamp socket better.
The LED fluorescent tube of radiator 10 and lampshade 11 mutual snappings formation hollow cylindricals.Adopt the mode of snapping to make things convenient for the installation of radiator 10 and lampshade 11 perhaps to dismantle.
Radiator 10 evenly is provided with fin 14.Fin 14 is used for being better 15 heat radiations of led light source assembly, can prolong the service life of LED fluorescent tube 1.
embodiment 3.
A kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use, other structures of present embodiment are identical with embodiment 1, and difference is: pass through the lead short circuit between the inner of two terminals 4.Use lead as electric-conductor 5, its lead performance is better, more practices thrift cost.
Radiator 10 is provided with groove 12, and lampshade 11 is provided with raised line 13, and raised line 13 is connected with groove 12.Use the raised line 13 and the snapping mode of groove 12 to make things convenient for the installation and removal of radiator 10 and lampshade 11, be convenient for changing or keep in repair the led light source assembly 15 in the LED fluorescent tube 1.Need to prove: also can design other snapping modes according to actual needs, be not limited only to use the mode that is connected of raised line 13 and groove 12.
LED fluorescent tube 1 includes led light source assembly 15, is provided with substrate 16 in the LED fluorescent tube of hollow cylindrical, and the two ends of substrate 16 are connected with radiator 10, and led light source assembly 15 is arranged at substrate 16, and led light source assembly 15 is electrically connected with DC input 6.Led light source assembly 15 is positioned on the substrate 16 of radiator 10, the heat that produces in the time of better led light source assembly 15 being worked sheds.Led light source assembly 15 is electrically connected with DC input 6, is 15 power supplies of led light source assembly from external LED power supply 2 through DC input 6.
Should be noted that at last; Above embodiment only be used to explain the utility model technical scheme but not to the restriction of the utility model protection domain; Although the utility model has been done detailed description with reference to preferred embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the technical scheme of the utility model, and do not break away from the essence and the scope of the utility model technical scheme.
Claims (9)
1. LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use; Include LED fluorescent tube and external LED power supply; It is characterized in that: the two ends of said LED fluorescent tube are connected with end cap respectively, and said end cap is provided with two terminals, and said terminal includes the outer end that is arranged at the inboard the inner of said end cap and is arranged at the said end cap outside; Be arranged at between the inner of said two terminals of end cap through the electric-conductor short circuit, said fluorescent tube is provided with the DC input;
Said external LED power supply is provided with starter Interface Terminal and DC output;
Said DC output detachably is electrically connected with said DC input through power line.
2. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said electric-conductor is set to conducting strip.
3. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be arranged at between the inner of said two terminals of an end cap through the lead short circuit.
4. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said LED fluorescent tube includes radiator and lampshade, and said radiator and said lampshade are interconnected to form the LED fluorescent tube of hollow cylindrical.
5. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the connected mode of said radiator and said lampshade is a snapping.
6. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: said radiator is provided with groove, and said lampshade is provided with raised line, and said raised line is connected with said groove fit.
7. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: said radiator evenly is provided with fin.
8. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said LED fluorescent tube includes the led light source assembly; Be provided with substrate in the LED fluorescent tube of said hollow cylindrical; The two ends of said substrate are connected with said radiator, and said led light source assembly is arranged at said substrate, and said led light source assembly is electrically connected with said DC input.
9. a kind of LED daylight lamp apparatus that can directly replace fluorescent lamp to use according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: said substrate is provided with clip.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204866931U CN202371487U (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | LED (Light Emitting Diode) daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204866931U CN202371487U (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | LED (Light Emitting Diode) daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202371487U true CN202371487U (en) | 2012-08-08 |
Family
ID=46595187
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011204866931U Expired - Lifetime CN202371487U (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2011-11-30 | LED (Light Emitting Diode) daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202371487U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102410458A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-04-11 | 徐慧 | LED daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp |
| CN106068676A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-11-02 | 通用电气公司 | Device and system for the tubular lamp driver of LED linear fluorescence |
-
2011
- 2011-11-30 CN CN2011204866931U patent/CN202371487U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102410458A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-04-11 | 徐慧 | LED daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp |
| CN106068676A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-11-02 | 通用电气公司 | Device and system for the tubular lamp driver of LED linear fluorescence |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102410458B (en) | LED daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp | |
| KR100713196B1 (en) | A new fluorescent lamp | |
| CN101498411A (en) | Convertible embedded tube lamp LED device | |
| US8970118B2 (en) | LED lighting tube | |
| CN202371487U (en) | LED (Light Emitting Diode) daylight lamp device capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp | |
| CN102364218B (en) | Light-emitting diode (LED) daylight lamp capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp | |
| CN101695207B (en) | LED tube circuit | |
| CN202327754U (en) | LED (light emitting diode) fluorescent lamp capable of directly replacing fluorescent lamp for use | |
| CN101634404A (en) | Single-end low-power LED lamp | |
| CN104565890A (en) | LED (light emitting diode) lamp tube based on traditional electronic ballast | |
| CN201479415U (en) | LED lamp tube circuit | |
| CN102410511B (en) | LED (light-emitting diode) power supply and LED fluorescent lamp with same | |
| CN203605028U (en) | LED lamp tube based on traditional electronic ballast | |
| CN203674165U (en) | Energy-saving tungsten lamp | |
| CN202392733U (en) | LED (light emitting diode) power supply and LED fluorescent lamp with same | |
| CN205160844U (en) | LED lamps and lanterns and starter thereof | |
| CN103260290B (en) | Light-emitting diode (LED) fluorescent lamp and circuit module thereof | |
| WO2014139235A1 (en) | Led lamp capable of directly replacing ballast fluorescent tube and device thereof | |
| CN202598201U (en) | LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamp tube with self-recovery fuse | |
| CN204328535U (en) | A kind of overall plastic fluorescent tube | |
| CN202423226U (en) | Integrated high-frequency electronic discharge lamp | |
| CN201954295U (en) | Simple dismounting and assembling type constant power bushing daylight lamp | |
| CN201726577U (en) | No-filament energy saving lamp | |
| CN204289349U (en) | A kind of universal lamp socket of xenon lamp and universal xenon lamp | |
| CN201063925Y (en) | T5 fluorescent lamp for replacing T8 fluorescent lamp |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120808 Effective date of abandoning: 20131204 |
|
| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |