The utility model content:
In view of above-mentioned technical problem, it is the multiband multisystem position location satellite Microstrip Receiving Antenna of medium that the utility model provides a kind of polytetrafluoroethylene that adopts.This antenna can receive from the L1 of GPS and L2 frequency band signals and from the L1 of GLONASS and the signal of L2 frequency range.This antenna structure is simple simultaneously, and it is also very high to receive precision.
The concrete technical scheme of the utility model is following:
A kind of polytetrafluoroethylene that adopts is the multiband multisystem position location satellite Microstrip Receiving Antenna of medium, comprises the upper strata microstrip antenna with upper strata paster, the lower floor's microstrip antenna with lower floor's paster and the feeding network that places bottom.
Said upper strata paster adopts long 75mm, wide 75mm's; With dielectric constant is that 2.62 ± 0.2 polytetrafluoroethylene is the polygon antenna of medium; Said lower floor paster adopts long 90mm, wide 90mm's; With dielectric constant is that 2.62 ± 0.2 polytetrafluoroethylene is the polygon antenna of medium, and said upper strata paster and lower floor's paster are through realize both linkings with the copper-plated mode of having one's face covered with overleaf.The copper facing edge, top layer of said upper strata paster and said lower floor paster is respectively arranged with stub; Said lower floor paster when stub is set, 3 of the set stubs in every limit of paster.
The said feeding network of stating comprises the first electric bridge coupler, the second electric bridge coupler, the 3rd electric bridge coupler, the 4th electric bridge coupler, the 5th electric bridge coupler, the 6th electric bridge coupler, first filter, second filter, first low noise amplifier, second low noise amplifier, the 3rd low noise amplifier, the 4th low noise amplifier and mixer; Wherein the signal of two adjacent said upper strata feedback points inputs to the 5th electric bridge coupler after the said first electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal; The signal of two adjacent said upper strata feedback points inputs to the 5th electric bridge coupler after the said second electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal in addition; Wherein the signal of two adjacent said lower floor feedback points inputs to the 6th electric bridge coupler after said the 3rd electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal; The signal of two adjacent said lower floor feedback points inputs to the 6th electric bridge coupler after the said second electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal in addition.
Said the 5th electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal with the two paths of signals by said first electric bridge coupler and the input of the said second electric bridge coupler that is received, and this signal inputs to synthesizer through said first low noise amplifier amplification, said first filter filtering, said second low noise amplifier after amplifying successively; Said the 6th electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal with the two paths of signals by said the 3rd electric bridge coupler and the input of said the 4th electric bridge coupler that is received, and this signal inputs to synthesizer through said the 3rd low noise amplifier amplification, said second filter filtering, said the 4th low noise amplifier after amplifying successively.
In the such scheme; The geometric center place of said upper strata paster is provided with the upper strata centre bore; The geometric center place of said lower floor paster is provided with lower floor's centre bore; Said double-frequency micro-strip antenna also is provided with the short circuit pin, and this short circuit pin is connected with the ground wire of said feeding network after said upper strata central hole penetrates said upper strata microstrip antenna and penetrates said lower floor microstrip antenna from said lower floor central hole successively, and said short circuit pin is electrically connected with said upper strata paster and said lower floor paster respectively.
In the such scheme, said upper strata paster is provided with four upper strata feedback points of arranging with the mode of square vertices, and the geometric center of four said upper strata feedback points overlaps with said upper strata centre bore; Said lower floor paster be provided with four lower floors' feedback points of arranging with the mode of square vertices with four with the corresponding via holes of said upper strata feedback point, and the geometric center of four said lower floors feedback overlaps with said lower floor centre bore; Said double-frequency micro-strip antenna also is provided with four first coaxial probes and four second coaxial probes; The feedback point penetrates said upper strata microstrip antenna and after said via hole penetrates said lower floor microstrip antenna, is electrically connected with said feeding network said first coaxial probe from said upper strata, and said second coaxial probe is electrically connected with said feeding network after said lower floor feedback point penetrates said lower floor microstrip antenna; Said feeding network is given upper strata paster feed through four said first coaxial probes, gives lower floor's paster feed through four said second coaxial probes.
In the such scheme, said upper strata paster and said lower floor paster are square paster.
In the such scheme, four jiaos of said lower floor paster have corner cut.
In the such scheme, said corner cut is an isosceles right triangle.
In the such scheme, said stub is a rectangular flange.
The described Microstrip Receiving Antenna of the utility model; Measure antenna as the double frequency double star that can contain GPS L1/L2, GLONASSL1/L2, can be widely used in the earth mapping, Ocean Surveying, water course survey, dredge and complete occasions such as measurement, seismic monitoring, bridge deformation monitoring, landslide monitoring, dock container operation.It compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1. antenna part adopts to present some designs more, and through the antenna structure of complete symmetry, the realization phase center overlaps with geometric center, and antenna is reduced to minimum to influence of measurement error;
2. the antenna element gain is high, and the directional diagram wave beam is wide, guarantees the reception of low elevation signals, blocks more serious occasion at some and still can normally receive star;
3. have the anti-multipath intercepter, effectively reduce the influence of multipath certainty of measurement;
4. LNA partly adopts the pre-filtering scheme, with the signal elder generation process band-pass filter that antenna receives, amplifies again, avoids being with outer strong jamming to cause that amplifier is saturated, has increased the reliability of system;
5. built-in lightning protection circuit, effective guard amplifier, unlikely damage when working under the adverse circumstances out of doors;
6. built-in voltage stabilizing circuit, can be in wide-voltage range operate as normal.
Embodiment:
For technological means, creation characteristic that the utility model is realized, reach purpose and be easy to understand understanding with effect, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the utility model.
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the described reception antenna of the utility model, whole physical structure comprises the upper strata microstrip antenna 10 with upper strata paster 11, the lower floor's microstrip antenna 20 with lower floor's paster 21 and the feeding network 30 that places bottom.
Wherein, It is that 2.62 ± 0.2 polytetrafluoroethylene is the polygon antenna that medium is of a size of long 75mm, wide 75mm that the upper strata paster adopts dielectric constant, and it is that 2.62 ± 0.2 polytetrafluoroethylene is the polygon antenna that medium is of a size of long 90mm, wide 90mm that lower floor's paster adopts dielectric constant equally.Can reach the demand of high accuracy, high stable like this.
Because with dielectric constant is that 2.62 ± 0.2 PTFE medium material just can make littler that the size of microstrip antenna can do; The electrical property needs of high precision high stability positioning system antenna have been satisfied simultaneously again; Dielectric material in conjunction with the levels paster antenna through our many-sided research GPS L1/L2 and many stars of GLONASS L1/L2 multisystem multiband in the time more than a year; It is that the gold-plated mode of copper facing could realize above 2.62 ± 0.2 the polytetrafluoroethylene with above-mentioned size (like the size (mm) that Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 were marked) with dielectric constant that discovery has only employing; And through being to plate copper clocklike on 2.62 ± 0.2 the PTFE medium with dielectric constant, thereby and the levels paster is combined to have realized high-level multisystem multiband microstrip antenna effect cleverly through the engineering staff.
In addition; The geometric center place of said upper strata paster 11 is provided with upper strata centre bore 111; The geometric center place of said lower floor paster 21 is provided with lower floor's centre bore 211; Said double-frequency micro-strip antenna also is provided with short circuit pin 40; This short circuit pin 40 is connected with the ground wire of said feeding network 30 after centre bore 111 penetrates said upper strata microstrip antenna 10 and penetrates said lower floor microstrip antenna 20 from said lower floor centre bore 211 from said upper strata successively, and said short circuit pin 40 is electrically connected with said upper strata paster 11 and said lower floor paster 21 respectively.
Referring to Fig. 1, upper strata microstrip antenna 10 comprises top dielectric plate 12, and it simultaneously encloses thin metal layer as upper strata ground plate 13, and another side sticks laminating sheet 11.Lower floor's microstrip antenna 20 comprises layer dielectric plate 22, and it simultaneously encloses thin metal layer as lower floor's ground plate 23, and another side pastes lower floor's paster 21.Top dielectric plate 12, upper strata ground plate 13, layer dielectric plate 22 and lower floor's ground plate 23 are respectively arranged with corresponding via hole, supply short circuit pin 40 to wear.It is pointed out that upper strata paster 11 can receive the signal from L1 frequency range and the L2 frequency range of GPS, the signal that lower floor's paster 21 receives from L1 frequency range and the L2 frequency range of GLONASS.
The geometric center of upper strata paster 11 and the geometric center of lower floor's paster 21 are fixed together through short circuit pin 40 for entire antenna, and upper strata paster 11 are connected with feeding network 30 ground wires with lower floor paster 21 through short circuit pin 40.Can the electric phase center of upper strata paster 11 and lower floor's paster 21 be overlapped in the geometric center of every laminating sheet with when the electric phase center of this layer overlaps.So; The double star multifrequency Microstrip Receiving Antenna of the utility model can be avoided moving of antenna phase center; Stablize the phase center of two frequency band signals of double-frequency micro-strip antenna reception, thereby can reduce the signal errors of double-frequency micro-strip antenna, improve the precision that the double-frequency micro-strip antenna signal receives.
Certainly, upper strata paster 11 is provided with four upper strata feedback points 112 of arranging with the mode of square vertices, and the geometric center of four said upper strata feedback points 112 overlaps with said upper strata centre bore 111; Said lower floor paster 21 is provided with 212 and four of four lower floors' feedback points of arranging with the mode of square vertices and said upper stratas feedback point 112 corresponding via holes 221, and the geometric center of four said lower floors feedback 212 overlaps with said lower floor centre bore 211; Said double-frequency micro-strip antenna also is provided with four first coaxial probes 113 and four second coaxial probes 213; Feedback point 112 penetrates said upper strata microstrip antenna 10 and penetrates said lower floor microstrip antenna 20 backs from said via hole 221 and is electrically connected with said feeding network 30 said first coaxial probe 113 from said upper strata, and said second coaxial probe 213 is electrically connected with said feeding network 30 after said lower floor feedback 212 penetrates said lower floor microstrip antenna 20; Said feeding network 30 is given upper strata paster 11 feeds through four said first coaxial probes 113, gives lower floor's paster 21 feeds through four said second coaxial probes 213.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, upper strata feedback point 112 is respectively upper strata feedback point a, upper strata feedback point b, upper strata feedback point c, upper strata feedback point d; Lower floor's feedback point 212 is respectively the feedback point e of lower floor, the feedback point f of lower floor, the feedback point g of lower floor, the feedback point h of lower floor.
The described antenna of the utility model adopts every layer of four-point feed, and eight coaxial probes are respectively to upper strata paster 11 and lower floor's paster 21 feeds.Since double-frequency micro-strip antenna the satellite-signal that will receive be the right-handed circular polarization electric wave; Therefore can confirm the position of eight feedback points through the Electromagnetic Simulation technology; Thereby the signal that every adjacent two upper stratas feedback point 112 is received differs 90 degree; The signal that every adjacent two lower floors feedback point 212 receives differs 90 degree, make each feedback point scattering parameter S 11<-20dB, axial ratio AR<3dB angular range is about 120 °.It is 50 Ω that an adjusting feedback point position can make the input impedance of antenna, thereby omits the match circuit between low noise amplifier and the microstrip antenna.
Therefore; Every laminating sheet is carried out four even feeds; And making every adjacent feedback point signal phase difference is 90 degree; Can make microstrip antenna realize the symmetry of antenna pattern more easily, make axial ratio adopt the axial ratio of single-point feedback or 2 feeds good, can be easy to receive the circular polarization electric wave of satellite in wider angle than prior art.
Four even feeds of every layer of microstrip antenna of the utility model antenna; Or two feedback points single with the general employing of prior art are compared; Can make the phase center of double-frequency micro-strip antenna more stable; Make it can large-sized deviation not take place, thereby can further improve the certainty of measurement of double-frequency micro-strip antenna with moving of satellite or double-frequency micro-strip antenna.
The close coupling that forms between the short circuit pin 40 and first coaxial probe 113 is equivalent to and has loaded an electric capacity; Make upper strata microstrip antenna 10 be lower than the impedance matching that the resonance frequency position reaches upper strata microstrip antenna 10; Thereby increased the frequency bandwidth of upper strata microstrip antenna 10; Thereby guarantee that the frequency bandwidth of upper strata microstrip antenna 10 can cover the frequency bandwidth of L1 frequency range; Thereby can contain the influence of multipath effect, and then improve the reliability and the precision of the reception signal of upper strata microstrip antenna 10 double-frequency micro-strip antenna of the present invention.In like manner; The close coupling that forms between the short circuit pin 40 and second coaxial probe 213 is equivalent to and has loaded an electric capacity; Make lower floor's microstrip antenna 20 be lower than the impedance matching that the resonance frequency position reaches lower floor's microstrip antenna 20; Thereby increased the frequency bandwidth of lower floor's microstrip antenna 20; Thereby guarantee that the frequency bandwidth of lower floor's microstrip antenna 20 can cover the frequency bandwidth of L2 frequency range, thereby can contain the influence of multipath effect, and then improve the reliability and the precision of the reception signal of lower floor's microstrip antenna 20 the utility model antenna.
In addition, top dielectric plate 12, upper strata ground plate 13, layer dielectric plate 22 and lower floor's ground plate 23 are respectively arranged with corresponding via hole, supply first coaxial probe 113 to wear.Layer dielectric plate 22 is respectively arranged with corresponding via hole with lower floor's ground plate 23 and supplies second coaxial probe 213 to wear.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, upper strata paster 11 is square paster with said lower floor paster 21 usually.The square paster can realize more easily that paster designs symmetrically, and square processing and manufacturing more easily.Can certainly adopt other symmetrical structures of prior art, similar round as shown in Figure 3 or the like.
Referring to Fig. 3, four jiaos of lower floor's paster 21 have corner cut 24.Four jiaos of symmetry corner cuts 24 can guarantee the symmetry of lower floor's paster 21 structures.To 11 4 jiaos of corner cuts 24 of upper strata paster, help the assembling of double-frequency micro-strip antenna.And corner cut 24 can play the effect that degenerate mode separates.Promptly make square microstrip antenna increase a degenerate mode separative element, make the resonance frequency of degenerate mode produce separation, operating frequency is between two resonance frequencys.When the degenerate mode separative element is selected when suitable, as far as operating frequency, the equiva lent impedance phase angular advance of a mould, and the equiva lent impedance phase angular lag of another mould when differing 90 when spending between them, have just formed circular polarization.Certainly, corner cut 24 is an isosceles right triangle.Isosceles right triangle is realized the symmetrical structure of lower floor's paster 21 more easily, and helps making and processing.
Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the edge, four limits of said upper strata paster 11 and said lower floor paster 21 is respectively arranged with stub 15 and stub 25.Particularly; Stub 15 can be rectangular flange with stub 25; It is to be noted the stub 25 that lower floor's paster 21 is set; The set rectangular flange in every limit of its square paster is 3, only in this way could make that whole is that the up and down paster of medium add reception antenna that feeding network formed realize contain the reception frequency range of the double frequency double star of GPS L1/L2, GLONASS L1/L2 by the polytetrafluoroethylene that is 2.62 ± 0.2 with dielectric constant.Certainly stub 15 and stub 25 can also adopt other shape of prior art, and the number of stub 15 and stub 25 can be confirmed according to actual conditions.
In addition; Because the reception signal of microstrip antenna is to realize through the edge of paster and the coupling between the ground plate; Therefore; The edge, four limits of paster 11 and said lower floor paster 21 is provided with stub 15 and stub 25 respectively on said upper strata, can increase the path of patch edges, makes the electric current labyrinth of flowing through upper strata paster 11 and lower floor's paster 21 extend; Thereby can be in the size that satisfy under the condition of receiving satellite signal the reduction double-frequency micro-strip antenna, and the impedance that can regulate antenna better make double-frequency micro-strip antenna more be prone to the coupling receiving satellite signal.
In addition, also be provided with on the upper strata paster of whole reception antenna and the lower floor's paster and be used for making the nut fixing hole 34 that upper and lower paster and feeding network are fixed together.
Referring to Fig. 4; Feeding network 30 comprises the first electric bridge coupler, the second electric bridge coupler, the 3rd electric bridge coupler, the 4th electric bridge coupler, the 5th electric bridge coupler, the 6th electric bridge coupler (above-mentioned 6 electric bridge couplers can be the 3dB electric bridge), and first filter, second filter, first low noise amplifier, second low noise amplifier, the 3rd low noise amplifier, the 4th low noise amplifier and mixer;
Wherein two adjacent said upper stratas are presented the signal of putting a and upper strata feedback point b and after the said first electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal, are inputed to the 5th electric bridge coupler; The signal that some c and upper strata feedback point d are presented in other two adjacent said upper stratas inputs to the 5th electric bridge coupler after the said second electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal; Wherein two adjacent said lower floors present the signal of putting e and the feedback point f of lower floor and after said the 3rd electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal, input to the 6th electric bridge coupler; The signal that other two adjacent said lower floors present some g and the feedback point h of lower floor inputs to the 6th electric bridge coupler after the said second electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal.Through foregoing circuit, respectively four upper strata feedback point signals and four lower floor's feedback point signals are coupled into the output of one road signal like this.
Said the 5th electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal with the two paths of signals by said first electric bridge coupler and the input of the said second electric bridge coupler that is received, and this signal inputs to synthesizer through said first low noise amplifier amplification, said first filter filtering, said second low noise amplifier after amplifying successively; Said the 6th electric bridge coupler is coupled into one road signal with the two paths of signals by said the 3rd electric bridge coupler and the input of said the 4th electric bridge coupler that is received, and this signal inputs to synthesizer through said the 3rd low noise amplifier amplification, said second filter filtering, said the 4th low noise amplifier after amplifying successively.The signal of final input synthesizer is through after filtering before and amplifying, and accuracy is higher.
More than show and described basic principle of the utility model and the advantage of principal character and the utility model.The technical staff of the industry should understand; The utility model is not restricted to the described embodiments; The principle of describing in the foregoing description and the specification that the utility model just is described; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model spirit and scope, the utility model also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the utility model scope that requires protection.The utility model requires protection range to be defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.