CN202352078U - FBG measuring system for measuring vehicle running speed and position - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) measuring system for measuring vehicle running speed and position. The system comprises three sets of beam type FBG sensing components, the beam type FBG sensing components A and C are parallel to each other, and the beam type FBG sensing component B is arranged between the beam type FBG sensing components A and C and forms 30-60 degrees together with a sensor initial line; each beam type FBG sensing component comprises an FBG strain transducer, an I-type steel beam and a steel tank, wherein the FBG strain transducer is attached on the side of the abdominal plate of the I-type steel beam which is arranged in the steel tank. The measuring system has the characteristics of simple structural style, convenience in information acquisition, convenience in using the FBG strain transducer, good service durability and high precision, can measure the running speed and the position of vehicles on an asphalt concrete or cement road.

Description

Vehicle Speed and position fiber grating are measured system

(1) technical field

The utility model relates to the sensor measurement detection technique, is exactly that a kind of Vehicle Speed and position fiber grating are measured system specifically.

(2) background technology

Since the people such as Morey of the U.S. in 1989 carry out the strain and temperature sensor research of fiber grating first; Countries in the world are all extremely paid close attention to it and have been carried out applied research widely; Fiber grating has become sensory field technology with fastest developing speed in more than the 20 year short time; And obtained successful application in a lot of fields, like Aero-Space, civil engineering work, compound substance, field of petrochemical industry.Involved sensor mainly comprises fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, temperature sensor, acceleration transducer, displacement transducer, pressure transducer etc.But,, almost nil to the practical application of the travel speed of vehicle and position finding etc. like the utilization fiber-optic grating sensor at field of traffic.And the test that the utilization fiber-optic grating sensor replaces traditional electric signal sensor to carry out strain measurement shows that fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is better in aspect performances such as anti-vibration, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), more can satisfy the requirement of strain measurement.This measuring method has practical, and reliability is big, and is highly sensitive, advantages such as low cost.At present the measuring method about Vehicle Speed has following several kinds: 1. radar velocity measurement: radar meter is a kind of new type of microwave knotmeter, and it utilizes Doppler effect that the speed of ground moving object is measured.Be through launching pulse microwave to tested automobile when radar meter tests the speed, if the static automobile of pulse microwave directive, the microwave frequency of returning of then being reflected is constant; If automobile is being exercised, and speed is very fast, so; Just different according to Doppler effect reflection wave frequency with the emission wave frequency; Through the accurate mensuration to this microwave frequency fine difference, through the difference of comparison frequency and the relation of speed, computer is converted into the speed of automobile automatically again.2. laser velocimeter: laser velocimeter is the principle that adopts laser ranging.Laser ranging is through to testee emission laser beam, and accepts the reflection wave of this laser beam, and record should the mistiming, confirms the distance of testee and test point.Laser velocimeter is the laser ranging of testee being carried out having for twice specified time interval, obtains the distance that the testee in this time period moves, thereby obtains movement of objects speed.We see traffic police's speed that measuring vehicle is exercised in police car in the life, utilize this principle to measure.3. video frequency speed-measuring: highway video overspeed monitoring system utilizes video image processing technology, and the automobile on the highway track is carried out contactless monitoring, obtains the over-speed vehicles speed of a motor vehicle.Through double within a certain period of time vehicle is carried out arresting of image, utilize on the image relative displacement of unique point to calculate the speed of a motor vehicle.4.IC card tests the speed: IC-card test the speed be a kind of the most simply, the newest speed-measuring method; Calculate the average velocity of each car during highway goes according to IC-card; Its cardinal principle is: through the IC-card that the driver held; Utilize the accurate moment and the distance travelled of vehicle turnover highway, calculate the vehicle average overall travel speed.This is a kind of speed-measuring method of round-the-clock overall process, lets the driver understand in a single day vehicle gone up the reason that is just tested the speed behind the highway, thereby reaches the effect of deterrence, can reduce the traffic hazard that highway causes because of hypervelocity.Method about the vehicle ' position measurement has the GPS Vehicle positioning system at present: gps system is applied in the traffic administration aspect; Can the vehicle real time position on the road net, running orbit be reflected on the electronic chart of control center exactly; Just as having increased a pair of farsighted person for control of traffic and road person, real time monitoring various transport information such as the vehicle flow direction on the road net, flow, flow velocity, density, the road network load of machinery systems.Gps system is connected with urban traffic signal control system, traffic geography infosystem, traffic information infosystem and can carries out real-time traffic signals control; Traffic guidance and traffic flow organization optimization, thus reach make full use of road network, shorten the vehicle journeys time, reduce traffic delay, reduce that the vehicle sky is sailed, the purpose of guarantee driving safety, raising road passage capability.

(3) summary of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of Vehicle Speed and position fiber grating to measure system.

The purpose of the utility model is achieved in that it is included in three groups of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assemblies imbedding under bituminous concrete or the cement pavement; Beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly A and beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly C are arranged in parallel; Beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly B is arranged between beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly A and the beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly C; The oblique layout of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly B becomes the α angle with the sensor start line; α angle span is 30 ° to 60 °, connects three groups of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assemblies with the mode of connecting.

The utility model also has following technical characterictic: described beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly; It is made up of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, i-shape steel beam and steel tank; Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is pasted on the side of i shaped steel web; At 1/2nd places of i shaped steel beam length, and near the lower flange, i-shape steel beam places steel tank (3) inside.

A kind of Vehicle Speed of the utility model and position fiber grating are measured system; Utilization beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly; Utilize fiber Bragg grating strain sensor to catch the temporal information of vehicle when travels down; Combine geometric algorithm to determine the travel speed and the position of vehicle simultaneously, satisfy the needs of Road Detection.The utility model version is simple, information acquisition is convenient, utilize that fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is easy to use, good endurance and the high characteristics of precision, and the travel speed and the position thereof of vehicle on bituminous concrete or the cement pavement are measured.Following advantage has been measured in the distortion reaction of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensor that the utility model adopts during to beam deflection: 1. fiber Bragg grating strain sensor have corrosion-resistant, sensing accuracy is high, anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), absolute measurement, certainly distribute, advantages such as anti-damp waterproof, stability and good endurance; While can be improved the sensor permanance greatly owing to its encapsulating material employing is the FRP material.2. can easily it be sticked in the surface of structure, connection and measurement form are simple.Utilize fiber grating to measure strain principle, good application performance and the version of this kind sensor; In the time of can crossing this test macro to vehicle '; The longitudinal strain of beam is carried out accurately, sensitive monitoring, thereby for confirming that Vehicle Speed and position provide effective data message.

(4) description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment;

Fig. 2 is the beam type optical fiber grating sensing modular construction synoptic diagram of the utility model.

(5) embodiment

For example the present invention is described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Embodiment 1: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2; A kind of Vehicle Speed of the utility model and position fiber grating are measured system; It is included in three groups of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assemblies imbedding under bituminous concrete or the cement pavement; Beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly A and beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly C are arranged in parallel, and beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly B is arranged between beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly A and the beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly C, and the oblique layout of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly B becomes the α angle with the sensor start line; The α angle is 30 ° to 60 °, connects three groups of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assemblies with the mode of connecting.

The utility model also has following technical characterictic: described beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly; It is made up of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (1), i-shape steel beam (2) and steel tank (3); Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (1) is pasted on the side of i-shape steel beam (2) web; At 1/2nd places of i shaped steel beam length, and near the lower flange, i-shape steel beam (2) places steel tank (3) inside.

Embodiment 2: combine Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and vehicle ' position and velocity determination system principle, in conjunction with Fig. 1, computation process is following:

$v=\frac{x}{t_3-t_1}---\left(1\right)$

$v=\frac{f+x^{\text{'}}}{t_2-t_1}---\left(2\right)$

$x^{\text{'}}=\frac{x}{t_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t"\; filenames="HSA00000635134400012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}_1}\&times;(t_2-t_1)-f---\left(3\right)$

$\tan \mathrm{\&alpha;}=\frac{y^{\&prime;}}{x^{\&prime;}}---\left(4\right)$

$y^{\text{'}}=\tan \mathrm{\&alpha;}\&times;[\frac{x}{t_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t"\; filenames="HSA00000635134400012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}_1}\&times;(t_2-t_1)-f]---\left(5\right)$

In the formula: v---Vehicle Speed;

t ₁, t ₂, t ₃---vehicle is through the time of each sensor;

α---sensor 2 and sensor start line angle;

X--- sensor 1 and 3 horizontal ranges;

F--- sensor 1 and 2 starting point horizontal ranges;

Y '---wheel trace and sensor start line vertical range.

Sensor groups 1 and sensor groups 2 are arranged in parallel; Sensor groups 3 oblique layouts become α degree angle with the sensor start line, when vehicle ' was crossed this test macro, i-shape steel beam received the action of gravity of car; To produce flexural deformation; Bottom at beam will produce stretching strain longitudinally, and this strain is received and transfer to demodulated equipment by fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, will produce oscillogram and corresponding corresponding time t ₁, t ₂, t ₃, according to above-mentioned formula, calculate the speed of vehicle and the value of y ' by formula (1) and formula (5), promptly confirm the traveling-position of car.

Fig. 2 is a beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly synoptic diagram, 1. is fiber Bragg grating strain sensor; 2. be i-shape steel beam; 3. be steel tank.Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is pasted on the side of i shaped steel web, at 1/2nd places of i shaped steel beam length, and near the lower flange, because the maximal value of its strain value bottom longitudinal strain when receiving vehicular load near beam is convenient to the collection of data; Arrange according to above-mentioned geometric position, and connect three groups of sensor modules, i-shape steel beam is put into steel tank, and be embedded under the road surface, again vehicle is carried out surveying work with the mode of series connection.Steel tank provides support i-shape steel beam, plays effect of contraction, and the protection fiber-optic grating sensor receives the interference of other power.

The technical indicator of the utility model is seen table 1:

The explanation of table 1 technical parameter

* remarks: the present invention can measure the optional position of vehicle ' in 3.75 meters bicycle roads of width.

Embodiment 3: beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly A and beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly C are arranged in parallel; The oblique layout of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly B becomes α degree angle with the sensor start line, and connects three groups of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assemblies with the mode of series connection.When vehicle ' was crossed this test macro, i-shape steel beam received the action of gravity of car, will produce flexural deformation; Bottom at beam will produce stretching strain longitudinally; This strain is received and transfers to demodulated equipment by fiber Bragg grating strain sensor, will produce oscillogram and corresponding corresponding time t1, t2, t3, according to above-mentioned formula; Calculate the speed of vehicle and the value of y ' by formula (1) and formula (5), promptly confirm the traveling-position of car.Beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly is embedded under the road surface, again vehicle is carried out surveying work.Steel tank provides support i-shape steel beam, effect of contraction, and the protection fiber-optic grating sensor receives the interference of other power.

Embodiment 4: a known automobile sails test zone into, and only one-sided the wheel crossed the road surface that is embedded with beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly, the sensor module deployment scenarios; F=11.25m, x=25m, α=45 °; After vehicle ' was crossed this zone, the strain responses through receiving recorded t ₁=2s, t ₂=2.5s, t ₃=3s then knows through formula (1) and formula (5),

$v=\frac{x}{t_3-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="t"\; filenames="HSA00000635134400012.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">t</figure-callout>}}_1}=\frac{25}{3-2}=25m/s=90\mathrm{km}/h$

So through measuring, this car speed of a motor vehicle is 90km/h, it is 1.25m that wheel sails position range sensor start line into.

Claims (2)

1. Vehicle Speed and position fiber grating are measured system; It is included in three groups of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assemblies imbedding under bituminous concrete or the cement pavement; It is characterized in that: beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly A and beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly C are arranged in parallel; Beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly B is arranged between beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly A and the beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly C; The oblique layout of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly B becomes the α angle with the sensor start line, and the α angle is 30 ° to 60 °, connects three groups of beam type optical fiber grating sensing assemblies with the mode of connecting.

2. a kind of Vehicle Speed according to claim 1 and position fiber grating are measured system; It is characterized in that: described beam type optical fiber grating sensing assembly; It is made up of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (1), i-shape steel beam (2) and steel tank (3), and fiber Bragg grating strain sensor (1) is pasted on the side of i-shape steel beam (2) web, at 1/2nd places of i shaped steel beam length; And near the lower flange, i-shape steel beam (2) places steel tank (3) inside.

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