CN202331998U

CN202331998U - Centripetal force experimental apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN202331998U
Application number: CN2011204353837U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 童丹丹; 张晓英; 应雄纯
Original assignee: Huzhou University
Current assignee: Huzhou University
Priority date: 2011-11-07
Filing date: 2011-11-07
Publication date: 2012-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2021-11-07

Abstract

The utility model discloses a centripetal force experimental apparatus. A driving disk 2 (driven by a motor) is fixed on a base plate 1 and drives a driven disk 11 to rotate through a conveyor belt 3; a fixed bracket 10 is arranged on the base plate 1; a graduated scale 5 is fixed at the upper end of the bracket; a hollow stick 9 is fixed at the lower end of the bracket; after a dynamometer 6 is fixed, a thin nylon rope 7 is suspended at the lower end of the dynamometer 6 and penetrates through the graduated scale 5 and the hollow stick 9, and a small metal ball 4 is tied at the tail end of the thin nylon rope 7; the thin nylon rope 7 can slide in the hollow stick; a small pointer 8 is clamped at a position close to a scribed line in the middle of the graduated scale 5; the metal ball can rotate on the driven disk; the upper end of the hollow stick 9 is fixed on the fixed bracket 10; and the lower part of the hollow stick 9 is a smooth fillet, so that a friction resistance of the nylon rope sliding in the hollow stick along the axial direction is reduced. The small ball does constant-speed circular motion on the driven disk; the dynamometer 6 can measure a centripetal force F and check relations between the centripetal force F and the mass (m) of the small ball, a rotating radius (r) and an angular speed (w).

Description

A kind of centripetal force experiment instrument

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of physics facility and experimental technique, is used to verify the experimental study of centripetal force.

Background technology

The size of suffered centripetal force when certain particle is made circular motion, available formula

F＝mrω ²

Represent, wherein

The quality of m-motion particle;

The turning radius of r-motion particle;

The angular velocity of ω-motion.

Centripetal force demonstration device structure in the high school physics textbook is complicated; The school of condition difference does not have this instrument, or accidentalia be can't do this experiment the time, and existence conditions capable of using is made simple and easy centripetal force experiment instrument by oneself; Not only can prove the existence of centripetal force, can also verify F=mr ω ²Relation.

The utility model content

The purpose of the utility model provides a kind of checking centripetal force experimental provision and experimental technique, physical significance clear and definite.

The purpose of the utility model is achieved in that and adopts device shown in Figure 1, and fixing driving disc spacing pressing 2 (by motor-driven) on the base plate 1 drives clutch plates 11 through travelling belt 3 and rotates; Mounting and fixing bracket 10 on the base plate 1, and the support upper end is rule 5 fixedly, lower end fixation hollow rod 9; After dynamometer 6 was fixed, the lower end hung a thin nylon rope 7, and through rule 5, hollow bar 9, end is a prill 4, and nylon rope can slide in hollow bar, and metal ball can be rotated on clutch plate.

Described nylon rope 7 is at the little finger of toe pin 8 of groove place, middle part folder near rule 5, and in order to the size of indication metal ball turning radius change amount, the measured value when then the actual rotation radius r of metal ball is static is added the change amount of metal ball radius in the rotation;

Described hollow bar 9 structures are as shown in Figure 2, and the upper end is fixed on the fixed support 10, and its underpart is smooth fillet, the frictional resistance when sliding vertically in hollow bar to reduce nylon rope.

When bead was done uniform circular motion on clutch plate, dynamometer 6 can be measured the size of centripetal force F, and can verify the relation between centripetal force F and bead quality m, turning radius r and the angular velocity omega.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is checking centripetal force experimental provision and experimental technique structural representation;

1, base plate, 2, driving disc spacing pressing, 3, travelling belt, 4, metal ball, 5, rule, 6, dynamometer, 7, nylon rope (cord) 8, pointer, 9, hollow bar, 10, fixed support, 11, clutch plate.

Embodiment

At first by shown in Figure 1 centripetal force experiment instrument each several part is connected, the height of up-down adjustment dynamometer 6 then makes that prill has a certain definite turning radius (like the edge's revolution at clutch plate) above the clutch plate.

Starter motor makes driving disc spacing pressing 2 drive clutch plate 11 rotations through travelling belt 3, and metal ball 4 is just done uniform circular motion on smooth clutch plate 11, and required centripetal force is just read by dynamometer 6 through nylon rope 7.

(1) keep motor speed constant (both the ω of metal ball rotation was constant), the turning radius r of the position change metal ball 4 of adjustment dynamometer 6 can draw centripetal force F and be directly proportional with metal ball radius of gyration r.

(2) keep metal ball radius of gyration r constant, change the rotating speed of clutch plate 11, promptly change metal ball rotational angular ω, can draw square being directly proportional of centripetal force F and metal ball rotational angular velocity ω.

(3) keep metal ball radius of gyration r constant, motor speed constant (both the ω of metal ball rotation was constant), the quality of change metal ball 4 is promptly done experiment with the prill of different quality, can draw centripetal force F and be directly proportional with the quality m of metal ball 4.

(4) in the experiment, under a certain state, if measure centripetal force F simultaneously, metal ball quality m, turning radius r, angular velocity omega can be verified F=mr ω ²

3 points below noting in this experiment:

(1) clutch plate and the center pit above the hollow bar thereof are smooth, and fine rule is used the sub-thread nylon wire, the influence that brings to reduce friction;

(2) lower end of hollow bar 9 is over against the center of circle of clutch plate, and keeping at a distance with card is the radius of metal ball 4;

(3) clutch plate 11 must be adjusted level, and experimental provision is stable, and the influence of vibrations can not be arranged;

This experimental provision is simple in structure, is easy to make, and visibility is high, and explicit physical meaning can be used as lecture experiment, also can do quantitative test.

Claims

1. centripetal force experiment instrument is characterized in that: base plate (1) is gone up fixedly driving disc spacing pressing (2), drives clutch plate (11) through travelling belt (3) and rotates; Base plate (1) is gone up mounting and fixing bracket (10), and the support upper end is rule (5) fixedly, lower end fixation hollow rod (9); Dynamometer (6) lower end hangs a thin nylon rope (7), and through rule (5), hollow bar (9), end is a prill (4), and nylon rope can slide in hollow bar (9), and metal ball can be rotated on clutch plate; Nylon rope (7) is at groove place, the middle part folder little pointer (8) near rule (5), and hollow bar (9) upper end is fixed on the fixed support (10), and its underpart is smooth fillet.