CN202275240U - Stereoscopic display system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a stereoscopic display system. The stereoscopic display system comprises a collimation backlight module, a grayscale control module, a pixel control module, an electrically controlled image-separating grating module and an electrically controlled cylindrical lens module sequentially from bottom to top. The grayscale control module is closely attached to the backlight module to endow light rays passing through the module with a high collimation degree, and consists of an upper glass substrate, a lower glass substrate and a liquid crystal material, wherein an indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive layer is plated on the inner side of each of the upper and lower glass substrates; and the liquid crystal material is sandwiched between the upper and lower glass substrates. The pixel control module consists of color filter plates. The image-separating grating module consists of an image-separating grating and ITO glass control electrodes thereof. The cylindrical lens module consists of a liquid crystal material and upper and lower transparent asymmetrical electrodes. The stereoscopic display system can be quickly switched between a two-dimensional (2D) operating mode and a three-dimensional (3D) operating mode. Compared with a slit grating type stereoscopic display, the stereoscopic display system has the advantage of high brightness. Compared with a micro-cylindrical lens type stereoscopic display, the stereoscopic display system has the advantages of simple process and low cost. The stereoscopic display system has low power consumption, and is applied to a low-power portable display terminal.

Description

A kind of three-dimensional display system

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of three-dimensional display.

Background technology

Three-dimensional stereo display technique is claimed 3D technology again, promptly can show the display technique of the depth information of object and scene, compared to the traditional two-dimensional display technology; Its entrained quantity of information is bigger; More true to nature, and rich play up power, become the main flow direction of following display technique development.At present, most three-dimensional display system all is to obtain stereoscopic vision according to the mechanism of binocular perception steric information.Early stage three-dimensional display all need be worn specific eyes and just can watch, though can obtain stereoscopic vision, wears the natural vision impression that eyes have hindered the people.Need not watch the technology of 3 D stereo influence to satisfy people by aid and pursue the demand that bore hole is watched 3D effect, the technology of main flow comprises beam split methods such as slit parallax grating and cylindrical lens at present.These the two kinds equipment that utilize the binocular parallax principle to realize bore hole stereo display, its core concept are to make images of left and right eyes see independence respectively and have the image of parallax.For the conventional two-dimensional display, because the divergence of beam angle that each pixel on the display panel is sent is very big, so the light that any pixel is sent can both be received by left eye and right eye simultaneously.In other words, what left eye and right eye were seen is same width of cloth image, does not have parallax, so can not produce stereoscopic vision.

At present, the naked-eye stereoscopic display of main flow, its core design thought all is that left-and right-eye images is cut apart and is staggered on same display panel; Through optic processing, for example block and reflect again, it is separated from each other; Distinguish directive left eye and right eye again, thereby form stereoscopic vision.Common naked-eye stereoscopic display has two kinds, i.e. slit parallax grating formula (as shown in Figure 1) and microtrabeculae face lens arra formula (as shown in Figure 2) display.All there is significant disadvantages in these two kinds of bore hole 3D demonstrations.For example: cause the luminance loss of light, resolution reduces, problems such as processing difficulties.

Summary of the invention

The utility model is the problem that exists to present three-dimensional display; A kind of three-dimensional display system has been proposed; Realize the Display Realization method of bore hole 3D; Promptly divide the 3D system of picture based on automatically controlled grating, this Display Realization method can overcome the shortcoming of previous methods, and realizes compatibility and switching fast that mode of operation shows at two and three dimensions easily.

The technical scheme of the utility model is: a kind of three-dimensional display system; Comprise successively that from the bottom to top collimation backlight module, gray-scale Control module, pixel control module, automatically controlled branch are as grating module and automatically controlled cylindrical lens module; The gray-scale Control module is close to backlight module; Have higher collimation so that see through the light of this module, the gray-scale Control module is coated with the upper and lower glass substrate of ITO transparency conducting layer and forms with the liquid crystal material that is clipped in therebetween by the inboard; The pixel control module is made up of color filer; Divide as grating module and form as grating and ito glass control electrode thereof by dividing; The cylindrical lens module is made up of liquid crystal and the transparent asymmetric electrode of upper and lower layer, said be positioned at automatically controlled branch as the automatically controlled branch of pixel control module emission light vertical incidence of grating module below as after the grating module, automatically controlled branch as grating module with Bragg diffraction angle θ ₁And θ ₂Penetrate to left eye side and right eye side, the bearing of trend of holographic grating striped equals 1/2 θ respectively with grating angle that normal becomes ₁With 1/2 θ ₂, i.e. Bragg diffraction angular bisector direction, the size of single grating equals pixel wide.

Said ITO transparency conducting layer is made up of ITO conducting film, pixel electrode and driving transistors.

Said pixel control module is made up of color filer; Color filer is the filter plate that RGB three color element arrays are formed; RGB three color elements are that unit is arranged in order with the structure of shape such as isosceles triangle; Promptly complete pixel cell is made up of three square RGB sub-pixels and shape, the identical micro-control circuit with single pixel of area, amounts to four square microstructure unit align and constitutes a complete dot structure, a kind of corresponding in the RGB three primary colours of each sub-pixel unit.

Said automatically controlled cylindrical lens module is made up of top glass substrate, linear transparency electrode, liquid crystal material, ITO conducting film and lower glass substrate, is carved with linear transparency electrode up on the glass substrate; Below be coated with the ITO conducting film equably on the inboard whole surface of glass substrate.

The beneficial effect of the utility model is: the utility model novel solid display system, and its mode of operation can be changed between 2D and 3D; The luminance loss of system in the process of minute picture is not higher than 10%, has the advantage of high brightness compared to slit grating formula three-dimensional display; Have cost advantage compared to microtrabeculae face lens type three-dimensional display, the compatible existing liquid crystal panel manufacturing technology of its manufacturing process, technology is simple, and is with low cost; Low-power consumption is applicable to the portable display terminal of miniwatt.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a parallax grating formula three-dimensional display schematic diagram;

Fig. 2 is a microtrabeculae face lens type three-dimensional display schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is the utility model three-dimensional display system architecture synoptic diagram;

Fig. 4 is a GB sub-pixel Pareto diagram in a triangle in the utility model three-dimensional display system;

Fig. 5 is holographic the branch as the optical grating diffraction synoptic diagram in the utility model three-dimensional display system;

Fig. 6 is the microcosmic index path of optical grating diffraction in the utility model three-dimensional display system;

Fig. 7 is an automatically controlled cylindrical lens modular structure synoptic diagram in the utility model three-dimensional display system;

Fig. 8 is the electrically-controlled liquid crystal cylindrical lens sectional side elevation when loading electric field in the utility model three-dimensional display system;

Fig. 9 is the utility model three-dimensional display system principle structural representation.

Embodiment

Three-dimensional display system construction drawing as shown in Figure 3 comprises that collimation backlight module 6, gray-scale Control module, pixel control module and automatically controlled branch are as grating module and automatically controlled cylindrical lens module 1.Wherein the gray-scale Control module upper and lower glass substrate 3 that is coated with ITO transparency conducting layer 2 by the inboard is formed with liquid crystal 5 materials that are clipped in therebetween.The pixel control module is made up of color filer 6.Divide as grating module and form as grating 7 and ito glass control electrode 8 thereof by dividing, cylindrical lens module 1 is made up of liquid crystal and the transparent asymmetric electrode of upper and lower layer.

The gray-scale Control module is close to backlight module, has higher collimation so that see through the light of this module.The gray-scale Control module is made up of last lower glass substrate that has ITO transparency conducting layer 23 and common liquid crystals box 5.Wherein, transparency conducting layer 2 is made up of ITO conducting film, pixel electrode and driving transistors.Control electrode makes liquid crystal molecule rotate corresponding angle through the liquid crystal applied voltages to sub-pixel, realizes the control of gray scale.

Display adopts 19 cun panels of screen aspect ratio 16:10, and its actual lateral length is 408.24 millimeters, and vertically width is 255.15 millimeters, and pel spacing is 0.567 millimeter, and effective resolution is 720 * 900dpi.

The pixel control module is made up of color filer 6.As shown in Figure 4; RGB three color elements are that unit is arranged in order with the structure of shape such as isosceles triangle; Promptly complete pixel cell is made up of three square RGB sub-pixels and shape, the identical micro-control circuit with single pixel of area, amounts to four square microstructure unit align and constitutes a complete dot structure.A kind of corresponding in the RGB three primary colours of each sub-pixel unit.Under the 2D display mode, the required a certain basic color of each pixel cell is corresponding to some sub-pixels; Under the 3D display mode, two width of cloth exist the image of parallax vertically to be cut into strip, and intersection is synthesized on display pannel; Its microcosmic arrangement mode is as shown in Figure 4; Wherein, each bar graph picture is made up of a neighbouring row pixel cell, and left and right sides adjacent pixels then constitutes left-eye image and eye image respectively; This moment, each pixel still comprised 3 RGB sub-pixels, and every kind of certain sub-pixels of basic color provides.

Divide and form by a slice electro-controlled body holographic grating as grating module.As shown in Figure 5, by the light of lower pixel control module vertical incidence with Bragg diffraction angle θ ₁And θ ₂Penetrate to left eye side and right eye side, wherein, the bearing of trend of holographic grating striped equals 1/2 θ respectively with grating angle that normal becomes ₁With 1/2 θ ₂, i.e. Bragg diffraction angular bisector direction.The size of single grating equals pixel wide, and promptly 0.567 millimeter, by formula

(1)

Get =550nm (white light mean wavelength);

; Angle is

(Bragg diffraction angle) when then making, m=1 (diffraction intensity maximum value striped).Dividing the effect as grating is under the 3D pattern, changes the light path of display panel different pixels light, i.e. the equal diffraction left of the pairing light of all left-eye image, and form directional light; The pairing light of all eye image is diffraction to the right all, also forms directional light.Show that like Fig. 5 divide the picture effect through grating, left-eye image is able to separate with eye image.Moreover, because the pairing angle of diffraction of all left-eye image is identical, therefore, the light of all diffraction direction homonymies is all parallel to each other, this just for the cylindrical lens through hereinafter described focus on respectively about two provide maybe.Through the focussing force of cylindrical lens, guaranteeing binocular interval from in the 65mm, it is that position about 300mm is planimetric position, eyes place that information is focused on from the notebook viewing distance.For the vertical direction incident of left eye and right eye pixel, grating divides the right and left eyes branch picture effect that will produce symmetry as module, and angle of diffraction and vertical direction angle are about 10 °, the right and left symmetry.A large amount of like this diffraction lights from the outgoing of right and left eyes pixel are just parallel on diffraction direction separately, pass through the automatically controlled effect of focusing cylindrical lens again, respectively focal imaging two positions in about human eye.

Automatically controlled branch is to make through the hologram mask exposure method as the concrete manufacturing process of volume holographic grating.So-called mask exposure is exactly the substep exposure method, and promptly the mask plate that covers the left eye message part through complete blacking tightly fastens the PDLC box, the required part grating of exposure right eye information; Through covering the mask plate of right eye message part fully, the optical grating construction to the required left-hand vergence direction of left eye direction diffraction is made in exposure again.Concrete steps at first dispose polymer dispersion liquid crystal material; Its preparation process is: 1, with liquid crystal material, polymer monomer, proper amount of cross-linking agent, active agent and initiating agent (referring to list of references) according to a certain percentage; Hybrid Heating to 60 under the shading condition～70 ℃ make it be in isotropic state.Thereby 2, prepare PDLC prepolymer composite material fully stirring and it is evenly mixed with ultrasonic emulsification, 3, potpourri that Photosetting prepolymer and liquid crystal material are formed injects liquid crystal cell, the material inlet of reserving is sealed.Secret note shape exposure mask plate is covered liquid crystal cell, then and the Ar of the 514nm that is placed on liquid crystal cell ⁺Make public in the holographic exposure light path, the time shutter is 60 to 120 seconds, forms electrically-controlled liquid crystal imaging grid module after finally solidifying through being separated, corresponding to the electro-controlled body holographic grating that forms left-hand shown in Figure 6 and dextrad inclination striped respectively.

Automatically controlled cylindrical lens module is made up of top glass substrate 11, linear transparency electrode 10, liquid crystal material 12, ITO conducting film 13 and lower glass substrate 14, and its structure such as Fig. 7 show.Be carved with linear transparency electrode 10 up on the glass substrate 11; Below be coated with ITO conducting film 13 equably on the inboard whole surface of glass substrate 14.When display system is operated in 2D pattern following time, there is not electric field between plate, liquid crystal keeps unified ordinary refractive index, and equivalence is the glass parallel flat on the optical property, and light is not had refraction action.When system works in 3D pattern following time, control circuit applies voltage to asymmetric electrode up and down, and 12 of liquid crystal layers have been formed by electrode to whole infrabasal plate radiant type Electric Field Distribution; Electric Field Distribution presents periodically parallel symmetrical state, and the optical axis direction of liquid crystal droplet distributes along the line of electric force direction, and it is big that its refractive index presents central authorities; Both sides are little, and are by the periodic distribution that middle mind-set both sides reduce gradually, as shown in Figure 8; Equivalence is a cylindrical lens 1 on this module optics at this moment, and these post lens 1 equal display viewing ratio as square focal length, in this example; Consider the near-sighted close together of human eye 15 to display screen, this instance middle distance is 300 millimeter.On the ITO electro-conductive glass that is dividing as grating module, apply the 100V alternating voltage, grating 7 characteristics of automatically controlled PDLC are exactly diffraction disappearance under electric field action.Cardinal principle is because under electric field action, and the director orientation same electric field direction of liquid crystal droplet overlaps, if the ordinary refractive index of liquid crystal droplet with around the director coupling of polymkeric substance, the grating effect has just disappeared.So just realized the sheet glass effect.At present, the thickness of liquid crystal box of H-PDLC guarantees that electric field is enough big about 10 microns usually, need apply the alternating current about 50V-100V.

The grating effect is wiped, and then right and left eyes divides light action to disappear, and is equivalent to sheet glass.And the voltage that applied this moment on cylindrical lens is removed, and then cylindrical lens also is equivalent to sheet glass, thereby can be transformed into the 2D state from 3D fast.

Implementation step for automatically controlled cylindrical lens comprises: at first make linear transparent ITO electrode; Linear transparency electrode forms through the mask etching method.The first step applies the ITO transparent conductive material on glass substrate.In second step, above the ITO material, apply photoresist.In the 3rd step, LASER Light Source or ultraviolet source see through and utilize prefabricated mask plate irradiated substrate, and the photoresist that does not block is corroded.In the 4th step, the ITO material that does not receive the photoresist protection is carried out etching processing.In the 5th step, the photoresist flushing that still resides in the linear electrode top is peeled off.With even ITO electropane and alignment of linear transparent ITO electrode glass substrate and formation liquid crystal cell, through liquid crystal cell technology, filling thickness is 20 microns a pure liquid crystal more then.

The described automatically controlled cylindrical lens of the utility model plays focussing force to image, and its light path is referring to Fig. 9, and light impinges perpendicularly on holographic the branch as after the grating, has formed diffraction direction respectively respectively and two bundle directional lights to the right left.Because the said focal plane, automatically controlled cylindrical lens picture side of the utility model is in plane, human eye place, so the parallel image light that incides lens focuses on left eye and right eye without interfering with each other respectively.

In order further to reduce cost, the cylindrical lens that can three-dimensional display be adopted traditional optical lens materials such as prefabricated optical glass or resin to make.When using mode switch to 3D state, through the demonstration setting of circuit change display panel, manual installation lens simultaneously; When display mode switches back the 2D state, again by these lens of manual dismounting.

For realizing above-mentioned four big functions technically, comprise at the another one instance of the utility model:

The collimation backlight module, the beam projecting direction and the exit facet of said backlight are perpendicular.

Display panel, said display panel adopts the display surface that multiple color sub-pixel is set with the predetermined pattern two-dimensional arrangements.Each sub-pixel is corresponding to showing a kind of in the required multicolour.

Electric control holographic divides as grating, and said grating is arranged on the display panel, under non-powering state, can make the light of vertically penetrating with certain angle of diffraction outgoing; Under powering state, but incident light is with the harmless lost territory transmission of former direction.

Automatically controlled cylindrical lens, said cylindrical lens are adjacent to the electric control holographic branch as on the grating, and it is positioned at observer planimetric position that eyes constitute as square focal plane.

In this embodiment, the central principle of whole display and structure are as shown in Figure 9.At first, backlight display panel 16 provides the bias light of high collimation, vertically gets on each pixel of display panel.The light of white light transmission display panel is by the filtering of sub-pixel optical filter, and is with different colours.Subsequently, emergent light carries out impinging perpendicularly on the electric control holographic branch as on the grating 7 after the gray scale adjustment through liquid crystal layer.With the left-eye image is example, and be diffracted into the left eye direction as grating left with each left eye bar graph picture holographic the branch, and the right eye stripe pattern is diffracted into the right eye direction to the right.At this moment, automatically controlled cylindrical lens 1 forms under circuit control and is equivalent to the cylindrical lens that panel is vertically placed, thereby makes the left-eye image light with unified exit direction focus on beholder's left eye at viewing ratio place; Eye image focuses on observer's right eye.

Compared to conventional micro-column face lens type three-dimensional display, the branch that the utility model adopted adopts the manufacturing of laser coherence principle as grating, does not need high accuracy mechanical processing, thereby makes cost reduce greatly.Contrast tradition is divided as method, and slit grating formula three-dimensional display for example, the holographic grating that the utility model adopts have and surpass 90% diffraction efficiency, therefore in this communication process, and does not almost have light intensity loss, the brightness that has kept display to greatest extent.Based on above-mentioned advantage; The utility model makes like mobile phone; Portable stereo display terminals such as PDA, notebook computer or panel computer display screen are able under the situation of not losing display quality, designing requirement such as realize that cost is low, brightness is high, in light weight and stand-by time is long.

For further reducing the volume and weight of portable display terminal, reduce manufacture difficulty and cost simultaneously.The utility model utilization modular design method, the cylindrical lens module is independent, be designed to prefabricated, the module that can be easy for installation and removal.Said cylindrical lens module is processed by optical glass or resin material, in use, only needs from the protection external member, to take out; Display panel top draw-in groove track or Spring sheet clip insertion are aimed in the lens bottom surface; When lens were in place, stationary installation meeting automatic blocking kept best installation attitude; If will remove this module, then only need flicking insurance, the stationary installation automatic unlocking is pulled out lens gently along guide rail and can be accomplished dismounting.

Claims (4)

1. three-dimensional display system; Comprise successively that from the bottom to top collimation backlight module, gray-scale Control module, pixel control module, automatically controlled branch are as grating module and automatically controlled cylindrical lens module; The gray-scale Control module is close to backlight module; Have higher collimation so that see through the light of this module, the gray-scale Control module is coated with the upper and lower glass substrate of ITO transparency conducting layer and forms with the liquid crystal material that is clipped in therebetween by the inboard; The pixel control module is made up of color filer; Divide as grating module and form as grating and ito glass control electrode thereof by dividing; The cylindrical lens module is made up of liquid crystal and the transparent asymmetric electrode of upper and lower layer; It is characterized in that; Said be positioned at automatically controlled branch as the automatically controlled branch of pixel control module emission light vertical incidence of grating module below as after the grating module, automatically controlled branch as grating module with Bragg diffraction angle θ ₁And θ ₂Penetrate to left eye side and right eye side, the bearing of trend of holographic grating striped equals 1/2 θ respectively with grating angle that normal becomes ₁With 1/2 θ ₂, i.e. Bragg diffraction angular bisector direction, the size of single grating equals pixel wide.

2. according to the said three-dimensional display of claim 1 system, it is characterized in that said ITO transparency conducting layer is made up of ITO conducting film, pixel electrode and driving transistors.

3. according to the said three-dimensional display of claim 1 system; It is characterized in that; Said pixel control module is made up of color filer; Color filer is the filter plate that RGB three color element arrays are formed, and RGB three color elements are that unit is arranged in order with the structure of shape such as isosceles triangle, and promptly complete pixel cell is made up of three square RGB sub-pixels and shape, the identical micro-control circuit with single pixel of area; Amount to four square microstructure unit align and constitute a complete dot structure, a kind of corresponding in the RGB three primary colours of each sub-pixel unit.

4. according to the said three-dimensional display of claim 1 system; It is characterized in that; Said automatically controlled cylindrical lens module is made up of top glass substrate, linear transparency electrode, liquid crystal material, ITO conducting film and lower glass substrate, is carved with linear transparency electrode up on the glass substrate; Below be coated with the ITO conducting film equably on the inboard whole surface of glass substrate.

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