CN202256697U - Deep sea transient electromagnetic detection device - Google Patents
Deep sea transient electromagnetic detection device Download PDFInfo
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- CN202256697U CN202256697U CN2011203666054U CN201120366605U CN202256697U CN 202256697 U CN202256697 U CN 202256697U CN 2011203666054 U CN2011203666054 U CN 2011203666054U CN 201120366605 U CN201120366605 U CN 201120366605U CN 202256697 U CN202256697 U CN 202256697U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a deep sea transient electromagnetic detection device, which consists of a deck unit, an underwater instrument capsule and an underwater dragging unit, wherein the deck unit comprises a special monitoring computer, a deck power supply and a hybrid communication device; the underwater instrument capsule comprises an electromagnetic instrument master control personal computer (PC), a data acquisition device, a data storage device, a transmission master control unit (MCU), an underwater battery unit, an underwater real-time data communication device and an instrument capsule dragging frame; and the underwater dragging unit comprises a transmission and receiving coil device and a transmission and receiving coil dragging frame.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device, and high resistance body at the bottom of the detecting deep or low resistance body unusual is applicable to that the deep-sea hydrothermal sulfide deposit surveys.
Background technology
Earth surface 70% is the ocean, and the seabed is being contained human existence and developed extremely important resource, and along with land resources is exhausted day by day, seabed resources will be by mankind's development and utilization gradually.In order to protect sea life, marine environment, the seabed resources detection needs environmental protection, high-resolution marine electromagnetic detection method.
Reconnoitre the characteristic of environment, submarine hydrothermal solution sulphide ore " rich and shallow " and primarily be the geological tasks requirement of " noting abnormalities " to the deep-sea is special, we have proposed the deep-sea detecting system must be " being convenient to effectively, fast, implement ".
The method of reconnoitring deeply both at home and abroad at present mainly is magnetotelluric method (MT), controllable source audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic method (CSAMT).Magnetotelluric method (MT) is that long period is measured natural sea-floor magnetotelluric signal, calculation of bed resistivity, and instrument and equipment breaks away from boats and ships and at first sinks to the seabed, has surveyed behind the point heavyly with sound-controlled apparatus release again, and instrument and equipment utilizes buoyant spheres emersion sea, again salvaging.It is thus clear that it is very loaded down with trivial details to work, and measures a measuring point data at least 2 days, do not satisfy the condition of " being convenient to effectively, fast, implement ".
Controllable source audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic method (CSAMT) is the improvement of magnetotelluric method (MT), forms by transmitting and receiving two parts, and several kilometers at least of separating distances, need 2 survey vessels; Measure 30 frequency point data simultaneously and use 1 hour at least, during measuring, hull is preferably motionless.It is thus clear that controllable source audio-frequency magnetotelluric magnetic method (CSAMT) is not easy to implement at deep ocean work.
The utility model content
In order to solve the problem that exists in the surveying method of existing deep-sea, the utility model provides a kind of deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device.
The deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device of the utility model is by the unit, deck, instrument room and underwater towing unit constitute under water.
Wherein, the unit, deck comprises special-purpose supervisory control comuter, deck power supply, mixes communication device;
Instrument room comprises electromagnetic instrument master control PC, data collector, data memory device, emission controlling unit MCU, underwater battery unit, underwater real-time data communication apparatus, instrument storehouse towing frame under water;
The underwater towing unit comprises emission and receiving coil apparatus, emission and receiving coil towing frame.
Wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus are a kind of in the coil device of following type:
(a) the coaxial on a rare occasion even device of horizontal magnetic couple;
(b) the vertical on a rare occasion even device of the horizontal coplane of magnetic couple;
(c) vertical magnetic couple level receives on a rare occasion even device;
(d) center wire-retracting device;
(e) overlapping wire-retracting device.
Wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus are preferably center wire-retracting device or overlapping wire-retracting device.Wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus further are preferably overlapping wire-retracting device.
According to the deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device of the utility model, the working current 10～50A of its transmitting coil; Preferred working current 20～30A.
According to the deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device of the utility model, its transmitting coil number of turn is the 30-50 circle; The preferred emission coil turn is 40 circles.
According to the deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device of the utility model, its receiving coil number of turn is more than or equal to 30 circles; The preferred receiving coil number of turn is more than or equal to 35 circles.
According to the deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device of the utility model, its emission and receiving coil area are 0.5m
2To 5m
2Preferred emission and receiving coil area are 1.47m
2
Description of drawings
The following accompanying drawing of reference is easy to understand the utility model more:
Fig. 1 is the system construction drawing of the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the workflow diagram of the utility model;
Fig. 3 is a deep-sea TEM measuring principle sketch;
Fig. 4 A is a transient electromagnetic signals sampling synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 B is another sampling synoptic diagram of transient electromagnetic signal;
Fig. 5 is electromagnetic surveying coil device commonly used;
Fig. 6 is the relation of transmitter current and investigation depth
Fig. 7 is the relation of the transmitting coil number of turn and investigation depth;
Fig. 8 is the relation of transmitting coil area and investigation depth;
Fig. 9 is a seabed sulphide ore forward model synoptic diagram;
Figure 10 is the TEM response of 13.35ms under the different towing height H.
Embodiment
The pull-type deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device of the utility model; Through deep-sea transient electromagnetic method (Transient electromagnetic methods; Be called for short TEM) survey submarine hydrothermal solution sulfide, be a kind of time domain artificial source's electromagnetic surveying method that is based upon on the electromagnetic induction principle basis.In the seabed; Send loop line Tx (magnetic source) and send pulsatile once magnetic field H 1 (being commonly referred to primary field); In the moment that primary field cuts off, very conduct electricity the variation of magnetic flux on the ore body owing to act on submarine hydrothermal solution sulfide, the inductive loop i2 that in good conduction ore body, has encouraged; It is the vortex field of decaying in time, thereby has encouraged time dependent induction field H2 (being commonly referred to secondary field).Because secondary field includes submarine hydrothermal solution sulfide and very conducts electricity abundant ground electrical information such as orebody shape, size, position and electric conductivity; Tempus intercalare in pulsatile once magnetic field; Utilize seabed receiving coil Rx observation secondary field H2 (or claiming response field); Through extraction and analysis, thereby reach the purpose of surveying the submarine hydrothermal solution sulfide mine body to these response messages.
That utilize receiving coil Rx observation is the induced voltage V (t) that secondary field H2 causes
V(t)＝-dф/dt＝-qdB/dt＝-SrN?μ0dH2/dt
Q is called the useful area that receives wire frame in the formula, and Sr, N are respectively the area and the number of turn that receives wire frame.V (t) with sending current value I normalizing V (t)/I, measures with μ V/A usually.
Shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, induction field H2 is produced by the inductive loop i2 that has encouraged in the good conduction ore body, and the eddy current time dependent characteristic that in ore body, distributes has been confirmed the time spectrum characteristic of secondary field H2 (or V (t)).In the moment (being called early stage) that primary field cuts off, Eddy Distribution is in the ore body surface, because the ohmic loss of conduction ore body; Become the skin eddy current begin immediately the decay, the local magnetic field that is produced begin the decay, eddy current is spread in the ore deposit; Got into mid-term stage this moment; Can observe the eddy current magnetism relevant in the ore body outside, shown in Fig. 4 A, Fig. 4 B, it is characterized in that the rapid decay in magnetic field with this variation.Subsequently, the distribution situation of eddy current in ore body changes no longer in time, and get into late period this moment, and eddy current and relevant with it magnetic field begin to decay by index law.It is thus clear that this rate of decay is except that outside the Pass having with electric conductivity, and is also relevant with the size of conductor.
The TEM method also is based on the geophysical prospecting method of surveying the conductivity physical difference, has the rerum natura condition equally at the habitata hydrothermal solution sulfide mine; Simple electric model at the bottom of the coastal waters is for TEM method validity provides guarantee.
As shown in Figure 1, the deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device of the utility model is by the unit, deck, instrument room and underwater towing unit constitute under water.Wherein, the unit, deck comprises special-purpose supervisory control comuter, deck power supply, mixes communication device; Instrument room comprises electromagnetic instrument master control PC, data collector, data memory device, emission controlling unit MCU, underwater battery unit, underwater real-time data communication apparatus, instrument storehouse towing frame under water; The water tractor unit comprises emission and receiving coil apparatus, emission and receiving coil towing frame.
As shown in Figure 2, the deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device course of work of the utility model is following:
1. the supervisory control comuter input service of unit, deck is provided with parameter, and being correlated with to the electromagnetic instrument master control PC transmission of instrument room under water through the network interface that mixes communication device is provided with parameter, and sends the beginning measuring-signal;
2. the electromagnetic instrument master control PC of said instrument room under water shakes hands through RS232 mouth and emission controlling unit MCU, and emission controlling unit MCU provides the MCU system status information, comprises cell voltage, instrument each several part duty etc.;
3. parameters such as said electromagnetic instrument master control PC is transmitted the frequency of operation of the supervisory control comuter transmission of unit, said deck, SF are also sent commencing signal;
4. said emission controlling unit MCU control IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) module sends electromagnetic wave through transmitting coil, behind work 1～2s, during control module MCU stable working state to be launched, sends synchronous triggering signal;
5. said emission controlling unit MCU surveying work electric currents etc. are passed to said electromagnetic instrument master control PC through the RS232 mouth;
6. the data collector of said instrument room is under water gathered the data that receiving coil is received, and transfers to said electromagnetic instrument master control PC, with the data storage device of data storage to said instrument room under water, and transfers to said deck monitoring unit and handles;
7. said deck monitoring unit according to the data of receiving handle in real time, curve display and storage.
The type of electromagnetic surveying coil
Under the deep-marine-environment condition, the characteristics that Marine Electromagnetic Approach is unique, it shows:
(1) high conductivity sea height decays totally to the ground electromagnetic noise, and the seabed is the electromagnetic environment of one-level " peace and quiet ", and the noise truth of a matter is about the n ‰ on the face of land; But because seawater is to the electromagnetic field decay effect, inevitable requirement improves transmitted power, improves the I explanation voltage of receiver;
(2) stormy waves, ocean current, surge etc. cause the towing cabin in the towing process about, pitch, all will produce interference to observation data;
(3) lead the influence of seawater in order to reduce height, in actual observation, need to observe towing cabin (transmission, receiving coil) as far as possible near the seabed, so that measured target body is had stronger excitation and observes stronger signal.
Owing to receive the limitation of sub sea conditions, a few thing efficient is low, cost is expensive or the geophysical method of the cloth utmost point of need fixing a point in the seabed puts aside at present.What the controllable source electromagnetic method of miniaturization adopted is artificial field source, and transmission, receiving trap be suitable for the submarine mode and carry out continuous coverage, to realize the purpose of large tracts of land quick detection.Can consider that the coil device that is used for the seabed electromagnetic surveying mainly contains following several kinds, shown in Fig. 3-2:
(a) the coaxial on a rare occasion even device of horizontal magnetic couple;
(b) the vertical on a rare occasion even device of the horizontal coplane of magnetic couple;
(c) vertical magnetic couple level receives on a rare occasion even device;
(d) center wire-retracting device;
(e) overlapping wire-retracting device.
As shown in Figure 5, (a) the coaxial on a rare occasion even device of horizontal magnetic couple; (b) the vertical on a rare occasion even device of the horizontal coplane of magnetic couple; (c) vertical magnetic couple level receives on a rare occasion even device; (d) center wire-retracting device; (e) overlapping wire-retracting device is because primary geological tasks is to note abnormalities to be main points, for select effectively, fast, the device being convenient to implement, be necessary the section curve form of the various device exception responses of time domain approach is made comparisons, select optimum relatively device.
The section curve form of various dipole device device exception response is more complicated all, and tracing pattern receives the response of orebody shape, occurrence, scale, buried depth etc. sensitive, and conductor is had resolution characteristic preferably, and aspect more information such as occurrence and form can be provided.But the dipole device is the less moving source apparatus of r, and the r of submarine system and transmission magnetic moment all can not be very big, and unusual amplitude is low, and investigation depth is restricted.Under the condition of deep-sea, the change of towing cabin Level Change, dipole moment r, submarine topography etc., the section curve form that the electrode couple device is observed is all very complicated with the relation that unusual amplitude decays in time.
Center wire-retracting device (CI) or overlapping wire-retracting device (CO) are with respect to the dipole device; Because the coupling for the conductor of any form all is optimum; Sending magnetic moment can increase relatively, has higher incoming level and bigger investigation depth, and unusual amplitude is strong and form is simple; Can satisfy to note abnormalities and be the requirement of primary geological tasks, be optimum relatively device.
Generally speaking, CO is because the Rx frame is big, and in a certain constant depth scope, the ground electricity body volume that big solid angle is comprised is big, is inducted by the electric in combination body in this scope unusually, helps sending out rule and notes abnormalities; The ground electricity body volume that the CI ground that then solid angle comprised electricity body volume solid angle is comprised is limited to, and helps the explanation to the electric body in superficial part ground.But for little loop line, as long as the useful area of Rx equates that section curve and time spectrum that both are unusual all coincide fully.The about 1.5cm of existing ground TEM probe diameter, long 50～70cm, the about 2000m of useful area q value
2, in adorn about 10 times prime amplifier.Towing is adorned such sensitive device in the cabin, does not accomplish the requirement being convenient to implement also will produce avoidable fully " system noise ".So, CO is winding number hundred circle Rx lines on same framework, add prime amplifier, and its useful area q value still can reach about 2000m
2, not only save trouble but also be convenient to implement, be preferred coil device with this overlapping wire-retracting device.
In sum, select the foundation of CO to be:
1. overlapping wire-retracting device all is optimum for the conductor (comprising upright tabular body) of any form with respect to the coupling of other devices and conductor, and unusual amplitude is strong and form is simple.
2. under the condition of deep-sea low-resistance seawater, submarine topography rises and falls and will produce unusually, different device to influence rule inequality; Overlapping wire-retracting device has the response curve form with respect to other devices and simply is easy to discern the characteristics of being convenient to analyze.
3. " system noise " that overlapping wire-retracting device receives wire frame be little, be convenient to implement, and useful area has higher incoming level, bigger investigation depth greatly.
4. overlapping wire-retracting device, abnormal ranges is big, helps recording geometry and realizes Continuous Observation, is convenient to implement, and is convenient to realize the real-time demonstration of data and map.
5.R.N.Edwards with people's such as S.J.Cheesman research knot with really pointing out; Coaxial on a rare occasion even, the vertical magnetic couple coplane of horizontal magnetic couple is on a rare occasion even, the coaxial several kinds of devices such as on a rare occasion even of center loop line, horizontal electric dipole are combined selectively; Peak response be can obtain, geologic interpretation ability and reliability improved tectonic structure and objective body.But, be to note abnormalities to be main points from primary geological tasks, select device effective, quick, that be convenient to implement, this combination is put and is not suitable for pulling cabin device.
The TEM running parameter design of pull-type deep-sea
Investigation depth design (D)
For deep-sea pull-type TEM system, investigation depth is relevant with emission magnetic moment (M), seawater resistivity (ρ), the distinguishable voltage of least unit area (η) and towing height (H), the experimental formula that provides according to B.R.Spies:
D＝-H+0.55(Mρ/η)
1/5
M=NIS (N is the number of turn in the formula, and I is an electric current, and S is for sending the wire frame area)
Like Fig. 6, Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, find out that from above formula investigation depth D is directly proportional with 1/5 power of magnetic moment M; Fig. 6 representes the relation between electric current I and the investigation depth D, can find out, when electric current when 5A increases to 20A; The gradient that investigation depth increases is big, when electric current I when 20A increases to 50A, the gradient that investigation depth increases diminishes; Consider that electric current increases the influence to factors such as turn-off time, power supplys, the working current 10～50A of emitter, investigation depth 0m＜H≤100m; During preferred working current 20～30A, investigation depth is H ≈ 78m.
Fig. 7 representes the relation between number of turn N and the investigation depth D, when the number of turn when 10 circles increase to 40 circles, the gradient that investigation depth increases is big; When the number of turn when 40 circles increase to 100 circles; The gradient that investigation depth increases diminishes, and considers that number of turn increase increases inductance value, and then has influence on the elimination of turn-off time and transient process; The design transmitting coil number of turn is the 30-50 circle, investigation depth 0m＜H≤100m; When the preferred emission coil turn was 40 circles, investigation depth was H ≈ 72m.
Fig. 8 representes the relation between area S and the investigation depth D, when transmitting coil area S from 0.5m
2Increase to 1.5m
2The time, the gradient that investigation depth increases is big, when transmitting coil area S from 1.5m
2Increase to 5m
2The time, the gradient that investigation depth increases diminishes, and takes into account towed body and lays, reclaims and pull stability, and the preferred emission area coil is 1.47m
2The time, investigation depth H ≈ 73m.
Under existing dispensing, recovering condition, instrument performances such as optimization turn-off time, transient process and towing stability, 0m＜H≤78m is started in the detection that designs an apparatus from the seabed.
Towing is design (H) highly
Carry out TEM and just drilling calculating through setting up seabed total space metal sulfide typical model (Fig. 9); Obtain like the TEM response curve under the different towing of Figure 10 height H situation; TEM response curve exponentially decay when the result shows the TX transmitting coil apart from metal sulfide ore body 0m≤H≤50m; And it is, obviously unusual greater than 10% of ambient field value; When H>=50m, the exception response value levels off to marine background field value gradually, is submerged at last in the ambient field, and metal sulfide ore body TEM is difficult to differentiate unusually.Visible in view of the above towing height 0m≤H≤50m is best observed altitude.
The receiving coil parameter designing
Each item dimensional parameters of receiving coil is identical with transmitting coil.The receiving coil number of turn should be not less than 30 circles, and area is 1.47m
2According to minimum is offered an explanation voltage request greater than 0.5 μ V, unit minimum explanation voltage is 1nV, and so, the useful area that requires coil is greater than 500m
2That is: N>=K500/S, K is preposition enlargement factor, S is an area coil; As area coil S=1.47m
2, during k=10, turn number N>=35.
The design of emission magnetic moment
Investigation depth (D), the minimum emission of the distinguishable voltage η decision of towing height (H), sea water conductivity (σ) and least unit area magnetic moment Mmin.
Mmin≈298ησ(D+H)
5
As σ=3.0s/m, D=0m, H=50m, η ≈ lnV/m
2The time; Mmin ≈ 308Am
2
It is thus clear that as long as M＞Mmin just satisfies the requirement of exploration task.Emission magnetic moment M is the product of emission wire frame area (S), transmitter current (I) and coil turn: M=NIS
The design area coil is 1.47m
2Coil turn is 40; Transmitter current is 20A, and the emission magnetic moment is 1176Am
2, greater than the minimum requirement of emission magnetic moment.
The frequency of operation design
It is that dutycycle is 1/2 bipolar square wave that current waveform is sent in design, in 1～100ms observation scope, bipolar square wave the time base (T/4) be 100ms, the cycle is 400ms, frequency of operation is 0.625Hz-6.25Hz, preferably frequency of operation is 2.5Hz.
The towing speed design
The speed of tow vessel and stacking fold (N), to accomplish the used time (T) that once superposes relevant with some distance (S):
V＝S/NT
Window, i.e. T=200ms when accomplishing the used time that once superposes in the formula and be 2 times observation; Seabed sulphide ore distribution range with commercial value is got 100m (being generally hundreds of rice), and design point is enough to satisfy laterally rate respectively apart from (S) 5～10m, works as S=5, during N=25, and V
Min=lm/S ≈ 2 joints; Work as S=10, during N=25, V
Max=2m/S ≈ 4 joints.So the towing speed of the ship in metres per second is 2～4 joints.
Claims (7)
1. deep-sea transient electromagnetic detecting device by the unit, deck, instrument room and underwater towing unit constitute under water, is characterized in that:
Unit, said deck comprises special-purpose supervisory control comuter, deck power supply, mixes communication device;
Said instrument room under water comprises electromagnetic instrument master control PC, data collector, data memory device, emission controlling unit MCU, underwater battery unit, underwater real-time data communication apparatus, instrument storehouse towing frame;
Said underwater towing unit comprises emission and receiving coil apparatus, emission and receiving coil towing frame.
2. deep-sea according to claim 1 transient electromagnetic detecting device, wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus are a kind of in the coil device of following type:
(a) the coaxial on a rare occasion even device of horizontal magnetic couple;
(b) the vertical on a rare occasion even device of the horizontal coplane of magnetic couple;
(c) vertical magnetic couple level receives on a rare occasion even device;
(d) center wire-retracting device;
(e) overlapping wire-retracting device.
3. deep-sea according to claim 2 transient electromagnetic detecting device, wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus are center wire-retracting device or overlapping wire-retracting device.
4. deep-sea according to claim 3 transient electromagnetic detecting device, wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus, the working current of its transmitting coil are 10～50A.
5. deep-sea according to claim 4 transient electromagnetic detecting device, wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus, the working current of its transmitting coil are 20～30A.
6. deep-sea according to claim 3 transient electromagnetic detecting device, wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus, its emission and receiving coil area are 0.5m
2To 5m
2The transmitting coil number of turn is the 30-50 circle; The receiving coil number of turn is more than or equal to 30 circles.
7. deep-sea according to claim 6 transient electromagnetic detecting device, wherein, said emission and receiving coil apparatus, its emission and receiving coil area are 1.47m
2The transmitting coil number of turn is 40 circles; The receiving coil number of turn is more than or equal to 35 circles.
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| CN2011203666054U CN202256697U (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Deep sea transient electromagnetic detection device |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102353995A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-02-15 | 北京先驱高技术开发公司 | Deep-sea transient electromagnetic surveying device and method thereof |
| CN103499844A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽惠洲地下灾害研究设计院 | Total-stroke and total-space transient electromagnetic device and measuring method |
| CN103499841A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽惠洲地下灾害研究设计院 | Roadway-hole transient electromagnetic device and measuring method |
-
2011
- 2011-09-29 CN CN2011203666054U patent/CN202256697U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102353995A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-02-15 | 北京先驱高技术开发公司 | Deep-sea transient electromagnetic surveying device and method thereof |
| CN103499844A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽惠洲地下灾害研究设计院 | Total-stroke and total-space transient electromagnetic device and measuring method |
| CN103499841A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-08 | 安徽惠洲地下灾害研究设计院 | Roadway-hole transient electromagnetic device and measuring method |
| CN103499844B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 安徽惠洲地质安全研究院股份有限公司 | Omnidistance total space transient electromagnetic device and measuring method |
| CN103499841B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-04-13 | 安徽惠洲地质安全研究院股份有限公司 | Hole, lane transient electromagnetic device and measuring method |
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Granted publication date: 20120530 |