CN202251606U

CN202251606U - Pressurizing, pressure-limiting and impact-reducing air spring for charging and pressure adjusting static and dynamic stiffness

Info

Publication number: CN202251606U
Application number: CN2011202515856U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贺劼
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-07-17
Filing date: 2011-07-17
Publication date: 2012-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2021-07-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pressurizing, pressure-limiting and impact-reducing air spring for charging and pressure adjusting static and dynamic stiffness. The air spring is very important to improve the smoothness and the comfort of a vehicle, protect roads and goods, and limit overload. To the matching of static stiffness of the air spring, people neglect that the adjustment of static stiffness is required because a difference exists between selectable standard series air bag stiffness and the stiffness required by a specific vehicle type. The adjustment of dynamic stiffness of an air bag is difficult because the static stiffness of the air bag is not matched. The unmatched static stiffness of the air bag in a passive air suspension system is the important reason for serious side swing of the vehicle. In the prior art, to the adjustment of the dynamic stiffness, a main air chamber and a secondary air chamber are connected, and the pressure difference between air flow of the main air chamber and air flow of the secondary air chamber is changed by adjusting a throttle opening on a passage. The volumes of the air chambers are not changed by a stiffness adjusting system in an adjustment process, so the adjustment on the stiffness is relatively difficult. The air spring provided by the utility model is developed to solve the problem. The air spring can adjust the static stiffness and the static dynamic stiffness, is of a simple structure, is low in cost, is convenient to use and is practical.

Description

A kind of topping up and pressure are regulated quiet dynamic stiffness and are added pressure limiting and subtract the pneumatic spring that dashes

One, technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle air suspension and use pneumatic spring; This quiet rigidity topping up is regulated, and dynamic stiffness self adaption pressure reduction and volume combination are regulated, and can also reduce its rigidity automatically when when driving, running into the road surface projection; To reduce projection the pneumatic spring that vehicle body impacts especially is adapted to the carrying big bus; The city bus big bus also is adapted to shipping truck and rail traffic vehicles, and special vehicle and limousine.

Two, background technique:

In order to improve ride of vehicle, improve the travelling comfort of taking, alleviate the damage of vehicle to road and goods, developed country has adopted pneumatic spring widely in the suspension system of its carrier vehicle.China recent years is also being widelyd popularize and mandatory employing pneumatic spring.In the pneumatic spring technology of constantly development, in order further to improve the rigidity control characteristic of pneumatic spring, more be applicable to the variation of car load in order to it, people have carried out deep exploration.In the rigidity of pneumatic spring was regulated, people had ignored owing to optional standard series air bag rigidity and the static stiffness that concrete vehicle requires the difference of rigidity to need are regulated.And often because the difficulty that the static stiffness of air bag does not match and caused its dynamic rate to regulate.In the passive type airsuspension system then the static stiffness of air bag not match be to cause the serious major reason of side-sway in the vehicle operating.In the active air suspension system; At present the technology of comparative maturity is that air chamber with pneumatic spring is divided into major and minor air chamber; Through controlling the aperture of the throttle valve on the connecting passage between major and minor air chamber; Pressure reduction when realizing gas flow between the major-minor air chamber changes, and reaches the rigidity that changes pneumatic spring.The control signal of this rigidity regulating system is by the multiple sensor collection, and deliver and send control command after microprocessor is handled, by the aperture that actuator regulates throttle valve, the rigidity that the pressure reduction when regulating gas flow between the major-minor air chamber is regulated pneumatic spring.Its main deficiency at first is: the signal of system is comparatively numerous and diverse to carrying out from collecting treatment, and its cost is too high, can only be applied on the luxurious vehicle of only a few.Secondly, the response time lag is big.The control of rigidity segmented is generally adopted in control in the rigidity of the airsuspension system air spring of semi-active suspension, with the rigidity of pneumatic spring be divided into soft, hard two retainings or soft, in, hard three retainings.The air spring rigidity control of this rigidity regulating system is to select control through the driver's operation solenoid valve, and the restriction aperture is large, medium and small between corresponding respectively connection major-minor air chamber.The adjusting of this rigidity is not continuous.The rigidity of pneumatic spring is artificial the selection.

Three, summary of the invention:

The object of the invention will be developed a kind of low cost exactly, and quiet rigidity topping up simple and reliable, responding fast is regulated and dynamic stiffness self adaption pressure reduction and volume combination adjusting, and when wheel is run into the road surface projection, can reduce the pneumatic spring of dynamic stiffness automatically.

Solution of the present invention is: this pneumatic spring is by air bag 1, upper mounting plate 2, accessory air-space 3, throttling valve core 4, spring 5, lower installation board 6, gate valve 7, and one-way valve 8, screw plug 9 and two dashpot check valves 10 combine.Accessory air-space 3 is contained in the central position of lower installation board 6 inner planes and fixes on it; Throttling valve core 4 is contained in the middle endoporus of accessory air-space 3; Its upper end heads on the middle endoporus top board of accessory air-space 3; The location is supported by spring 5 in the lower end, and the bottom of spring 5 has an aperture and atmosphere by screw plug 9 location in the middle of the screw plug 9; Gate valve 7, one-way valve 8, screw plug 9 are installed on the lower installation board 6; Also can one-way valve 8 be arranged on the sidewall of air bag 1 or on the upper mounting plate 2.Two dashpot check valves 10 are contained on the outer side wall of two independent sub-air chamber of accessory air-space 3, and are communicated with by the spring chamber of the radial hole on its sidewall with dashpot check valve 10; The quiet rigidity of pneumatic spring is regulated: in air bag 1, charge into chemical combination liquid via one-way valve 8, the chemical combination liquid that charges into has occupied the volume in the air bag 1, has reduced the gas actual volume in the air bag 1, has improved the quiet rigidity of pneumatic spring; Otherwise, discharge the part chemical combination liquid that has charged into by gate valve 7, just reduced the quiet rigidity of pneumatic spring; The dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is regulated: the air pressure in the air bag 1 directly acts on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4; Its lower end is by spring 5 axially support; When vehicle is in unloaded and setting height; Air bag 1 inner air pressure multiply by the thrust that sectional area produced of throttling valve core 4 and the spring force balance of spring 5, and the throttle orifice of throttling valve core 4 is communicated with the throttle orifice of two independent air chambers of accessory air-space 3 and is in maximum open, and the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is minimum; When the load increase and the dynamic load increase of vehicle, air bag 1 inner air pressure rises, and acts on the thrust that is produced on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4 and increases; The spring force that promotion throttling valve core 4 overcomes spring 5 moves down; Reach new balance, throttling valve core 4 moves down the restriction on the connecting passage that has turned down 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, in the switching stroke section of this restriction; Through improving the gas flow pressure reduction of 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, realized the dynamic stiffness of continuous adjusting pneumatic spring; Pressure in air bag 1 continues to improve; Promote throttling valve core 4 and continue to move down, will close accessory air-space 3 uppermost first sub-air chamber, only stayed second sub-air chamber and linked to each other with air bag 1; The volume that has reduced pneumatic spring in the continuous rigidity adjustment of pneumatic spring on the physical significance; Realize the air spring rigidity combination adjusting that pressure reduction and volume are combined, the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is increased, adapted to corresponding load.When the load of vehicle further increases, then automatically second sub-air chamber of accessory air-space 3 is repeated the adjustment process of above-mentioned first sub-air chamber.When vehicle turns round, because action of inertia leans on air bag 1 inner air pressure of the pneumatic spring in the bend outside to rise; Equally; Restriction on the connecting passage that meeting pass ballonet 1 and accessory air-space are 3 increases the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring, thereby has stoped the further inclination of vehicle body; When the vehicle jack rabbit start or when bringing to a halt; If the rigidity of pneumatic spring does not increase thereupon; Same because action of inertia can make vehicle body produce the layback and the phenomenon that leans forward, the present invention has when vehicle body generation layback equally and leans forward when taking place; Improve the function of the dynamic stiffness of back, preceding pneumatic spring, suppress the aggravation of this phenomenon effectively.When wheel is run into the road surface projection, impact for step of wheel, the air pressure that will inevitably cause in the air bag 1 produces step.The pressure reduction that two sub-air chamber's internal air pressures of this step pressure and accessory air-space 3 form can be opened two dashpot check valves 10; Two sub-air chamber of rapid communicated air bags 1 and accessory air-space 3; Increased the available gas volume in the air bag 1; Reduce the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring, reduce of the impact of road surface projection, improve occupant's the travelling comfort and the smoothness of vehicle vehicle body.

Control signal of the present invention is directly taken from the gas pressure in the air bag 1, and control signal and regulating command are integrated, and effect rapidly, does not reliably have the response time lag, and the dynamic stiffness regulating power of pneumatic spring greatly improves; After having guaranteed the low vibration frequency characteristic of pneumatic spring, through the load-deflection curve that sub-air chamber that not isometric sub-air chamber and number do not wait can improve pneumatic spring effectively is set.Because control signal and regulating command are integrated, need not to have again the acquisition processing system and the actuator of signal, need not ECU and control software, cost greatly descends; Owing to control command of the present invention is the gas pressure in the air bag 1, the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is regulated with the variation in pressure in the air bag 1 automatically, regulates smooth and easy continuous.The adjusting load-deflection curve of pneumatic spring is more reasonable and controlled.

The present invention also can be designed to the one-level restriction pattern of throttle valve the two-step serial restriction pattern of one-level fixed restriction and one-level variable restrictor: promptly at the circular groove that the opening equal diameters on the inner hole wall in the middle of an axial length and the accessory air-space 3 is set on the cylindrical of throttling valve core 4; This circular groove is communicated with by the endoporus of radial hole with throttling valve core 4; Through reducing the diameter of the radially throttle orifice on the throttling valve core 4, it is designed to the one-level fixed throttle port; And the communication port on the inner hole wall is exactly original settable orifice in the middle of circular groove on throttling valve core 4 cylindricals and the accessory air-space 3; The orifice size of different just this restrictions is a little big a little.The pressure drop that this polyphone throttling pattern has been shared the one-level restriction by the two-step throttle mouth helps reducing the susceptibility of restriction to variation in pressure, improves the occupant and gets travelling comfort; Help reducing the processing and the installation precision of throttle valve, save cost.

Four, description of drawings:

Accompanying drawing 1 is a structure principle chart of the present invention.

Five, embodiment:

Embodiment of the present invention is: the quiet rigidity of pneumatic spring is regulated: in air bag 1, charge into chemical combination liquid via one-way valve 8; The chemical combination liquid that charges into has occupied the volume in the air bag 1; Reduce the gas actual volume in the air bag 1, improved the quiet rigidity of pneumatic spring; Otherwise, discharge the part chemical combination liquid that has charged into by gate valve 7, just reduced the quiet rigidity of pneumatic spring.The dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is regulated: the air pressure in the air bag 1 directly acts on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4; Its lower end is by spring 5 axially support; When vehicle is in unloaded and setting height; Air bag 1 inner air pressure multiply by the thrust that sectional area produced of throttling valve core 4 and the spring force balance of spring 5, and the throttle orifice of throttling valve core 4 is communicated with the throttle orifice of two independent air chambers of accessory air-space 3 and is in maximum open, and the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is minimum; When the load or the dynamic load increase of vehicle, air bag 1 inner air pressure rises, and acts on the thrust that is produced on the upper-end surface of throttling valve core 4 and increases; The spring force that promotion throttling valve core 4 overcomes spring 5 moves down; Reach new balance, throttling valve core 4 moves down the restriction on the connecting passage that has turned down 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, in the switching stroke section of this restriction; Through improving the gas flow pressure reduction of 3 of air bag 1 and accessory air-spaces, realized the dynamic stiffness of continuous adjusting pneumatic spring; Pressure in air bag 1 continues to improve; Promote throttling valve core 4 and continue to move down, will close accessory air-space 3 uppermost first sub-air chamber, only stayed second sub-air chamber and linked to each other with air bag 1; The volume that has reduced pneumatic spring in the continuous rigidity adjustment of pneumatic spring on the physical significance; Realize the air spring rigidity combination adjusting that pressure reduction and volume are combined, the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring is increased, adapted to corresponding dynamic load.When the load of vehicle further increases, then automatically second sub-air chamber of accessory air-space 3 is repeated the adjustment process of above-mentioned first sub-air chamber.When vehicle turns round, because action of inertia leans on air bag 1 inner air pressure of the pneumatic spring in the bend outside to rise; Equally; Restriction on the connecting passage that meeting pass ballonet 1 and accessory air-space are 3 increases the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring, thereby has stoped the further inclination of vehicle body; When the vehicle jack rabbit start or when bringing to a halt; If the dynamic stiffness of pneumatic spring does not increase thereupon; Same because action of inertia can make vehicle body produce the layback and the phenomenon that leans forward, the present invention has when vehicle body generation layback equally and leans forward when taking place; Improve the function of the dynamic stiffness of back, preceding pneumatic spring, suppress the aggravation of this phenomenon effectively.When wheel is run into the road surface projection, impact for step of wheel, the air pressure that will inevitably cause in the air bag 1 produces step.The pressure reduction that two sub-air chamber's internal air pressures of this step pressure and accessory air-space 3 form can be opened two dashpot check valves 10; Two sub-air chamber of rapid communicated air bags 1 and accessory air-space 3; Increased the available gas volume in the air bag 1; Reduce the rigidity of pneumatic spring, reduce of the impact of road surface projection, improve occupant's the travelling comfort and the smoothness of vehicle vehicle body.

Claims

1. topping up and pressure are regulated quiet dynamic stiffness and are added pressure limiting and subtract the pneumatic spring that dashes, and are combined by air bag (1), upper mounting plate (2), accessory air-space (3), throttling valve core (4), spring (5), lower installation board (6), gate valve (7), one-way valve (8), screw plug (9) and two dashpot check valves (10); It is characterized in that: accessory air-space (3) is installed in the central position of lower installation board (6) inner plane and fixes on it; Throttling valve core (4) is contained in the middle endoporus of accessory air-space (3); Its upper end heads on the middle endoporus top board of accessory air-space (3); The location is supported by spring (5) in the lower end, and the bottom of spring (5) has an aperture and atmosphere by screw plug (9) location in the middle of the screw plug (9); Gate valve (7), one-way valve (8) and screw plug (9) are installed on the lower installation board (6); Two dashpot check valves (10) are contained on the outer side wall of two independent sub-air chamber of accessory air-space (3), and are communicated with by the spring chamber of the radial hole on its sidewall with dashpot check valve (10).