Background technology
Burner noz(zle) is general combustion component, and it is widely used in the various combustion apparatus, like engine, boiler, coal gasifier etc.
The typical structure of burner noz(zle) is as shown in Figure 1; Burner noz(zle) has and is roughly housing 10 cylindraceous; Be provided with fuel channel 20 and combustion-supporting gas channel 30 in the housing 10, the combustion-supporting gas that fuel that fuel channel 20 feeds and combustion-supporting gas channel 30 feed mixes at nozzle-end, through lighting formation flame.Burner noz(zle) can be divided into three types of air-breathing formula, oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting formula and pure oxygen burning-assists according to the difference of combustion-supporting gas gas ingredients.Oxygen content reaches more than 20% in the combustion-supporting gas in the oxygen-enriched combustion-supporting formula nozzle, and pure oxygen burning-assist nozzle then adopts the combustion-supporting gas of oxygen content more than 99%.
For the burner noz(zle) of said structure, fuel in the nozzle and combustion-supporting gas spray simultaneously, light formation flame.Flame has a space D apart from the front end of nozzle, and usually, the numerical value of the high more space D of the oxygen content in the combustion-supporting gas is more little; Pressure in the burner hearth is high more, and the numerical value of space D is more little.Because the temperature higher (flame core place temperature is above 2000 ℃) of flame.Even according to 1500 ℃ of calculating of flame core temperature, also can make the surface of spray nozzle front end reach the high temperature that is difficult to bear.This service life and functional reliability to nozzle is all influential.
Prior art has proposed some solutions for addressing this problem, and is the technical scheme that proposes in 200620045550.6 and 88108098.5 the one Chinese patent application like application number.In this technical scheme, the cooling chamber of nozzle-end constitutes through helical form wing muscle is set.But there is following defective in this technology:
Wing muscle is connected for the knuckle type with the wall of cooling chamber, no matter be one-body molded or welding fixing, beveled structure all exists the knuckle junction different with the temperature of other positions, therefore the uneven problem that meets with stresses is easy to the cracking breakage.In a single day the cooling chamber of wing muscle structure damages, and its maintenance difficult need be carried out integral replacing to nozzle-end.The working seal property of wing muscle structure cooling chamber is poor, reliability is low, takes place can't guide flow of coolant, even can make the cooling agent mass flowing nozzle outside, the influence burning after the breakage of wing muscle cracking.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of burner noz(zle) and coal gasifier, to optimize the structure of cooling chamber, reduces the inhomogeneous and disrepair phenomenon that causes of stress.
The utility model embodiment provides a kind of burner noz(zle); Comprise nozzle body; Be provided with fuel channel, combustion-supporting gas channel and cooling duct in the said nozzle body; The nozzle body front end is provided with cooling chamber, wherein: be embedded with the helical form pipeline that is communicated with the cooling duct in the said cooling chamber, to form the helical form coolant flow channel.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: the shape of cross section of said helical form pipeline is circular or oval.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: said cooling chamber is fastened by nozzle body front end wall and cover cap and is welded.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: be formed with groove on one or two end face of said cooling chamber, the form fit of the shape of said groove and said helical form pipeline is fastened said helical form pipeline in cooling chamber.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: be formed with a plurality of pins on one or two end face of said cooling chamber, said helical form pipeline is wrapped between the pin to be fixed.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: said cooling chamber is formed with a plurality of pins on the end face in the burner noz(zle) outside, the helical form pipeline is wrapped between the pin to be fixed; Said cooling chamber forms groove on the end face of burner noz(zle) inboard, the form fit of the shape of said groove and said helical form pipeline is fastened said helical form pipeline in cooling chamber.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: be formed with mozzle in the said cooling duct, said mozzle docks with said helical form pipeline.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: the shape of cross section of said cooling duct is an annular, and said mozzle is spirally wound in the said cooling duct.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: the said mozzle that spiral twines is arranged on said cooling duct and supplies with in the part passage of cooling fluid.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: said cooling duct is communicated with respectively with cooling chamber outside said helical form pipeline and the helical form pipeline.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: the quantity of said cooling duct is at least two, and wherein at least one cooling duct is communicated with said helical form pipeline, and another cooling duct is communicated with cooling chamber outside the said helical form pipeline at least.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: said helical form pipeline is copper pipe, carbon steel pipe or stainless steel tube.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: said fuel channel is provided with along longitudinal center's axis of said nozzle body, and said combustion-supporting gas channel is looped around the outside of said fuel channel, and said cooling duct is looped around the outside of said combustion-supporting gas channel.
Aforesaid burner noz(zle), preferably: be used to supply with the homonymy that cooling fluid and the cooling duct of the cooling fluid that is used to reflux all are arranged on said housing.
The utility model also provides a kind of coal gasifier, comprises the burner noz(zle) that the utility model provides.
Burner noz(zle) that the utility model provides and coal gasifier; Form the helical form coolant flow channel through in cooling chamber, being embedded the helical form pipeline; Make the helical form coolant flow channel be pipeline independently; Needn't with the wall of nozzle body between form the knuckle type and be connected, so can eliminate because of the knuckle place temperature difference greatly, the cooling chamber cracking phenomena that causes of unbalanced stress and heat fatigue.The technical scheme of the utility model has been optimized the structure of burner noz(zle) cooling chamber, reduces the metal fatigue probability of damage, has improved the life-span and the reliability of burner noz(zle) work.
The specific embodiment
For the purpose, technical scheme and the advantage that make the utility model embodiment clearer; To combine the accompanying drawing among the utility model embodiment below; Technical scheme among the utility model embodiment is carried out clear, intactly description; Obviously, described embodiment is the utility model part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the utility model, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all belong to the scope of the utility model protection.
Embodiment one
Fig. 2 A is the structural representation of the burner noz(zle) that provides of the utility model embodiment one; Fig. 2 B be among Fig. 2 A along the sectional structure sketch map of A-A line, this burner noz(zle) comprises nozzle body 10, is provided with fuel channel 20, combustion-supporting gas channel 30 and cooling duct 40 in the nozzle body 10; Nozzle body 10 front ends are provided with cooling chamber 50; Wherein, be embedded with the helical form pipeline 60 that is communicated with cooling duct 40 in the cooling chamber 50, to form the helical form coolant flow channel.
Present embodiment is a kind of preferred structure of burner noz(zle), and fuel channel 20 is provided with along longitudinal center's axis of nozzle body 10, and combustion-supporting gas channel 30 is looped around the outside of fuel channel 20, and cooling duct 40 can be arranged on the outside of combustion-supporting gas channel 30.And; Preferably be used to supply with the homonymy that cooling fluid and the cooling duct 40 of the cooling fluid that is used to reflux can all be arranged on housing 10; Be communicated with respectively with outlet with the import of helical form pipeline 60, shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B, Fig. 2 B shows the cooling liquid inlet of helical form pipeline 60 and the position of outlet.The outlet of fuel channel 20 and combustion-supporting gas channel 30 can be reserved in the middle part of helical form pipeline 60.Fuel channel 20 is cylindric for roughly with cooling duct 40, and the cross section of combustion-supporting gas channel 30 is a general toroidal.But the relative position relation in the practical application between fuel channel 20, combustion-supporting gas channel 30 and cooling duct 40 threes, the cross sectional shape of each passage and longitudinal axis shape are not limited to shown in Fig. 2 A and Fig. 2 B; Can arrange each passage according to actual needs, can realize that the corresponding fluid of guiding flows to get final product.
The burner noz(zle) that present embodiment provides; Form the helical form coolant flow channel through in cooling chamber, being embedded the helical form pipeline; Make the helical form coolant flow channel be pipeline independently; Needn't with the wall of nozzle body between form the knuckle type and be connected, so can eliminate because of the knuckle place temperature difference greatly, the cooling chamber cracking phenomena that causes of unbalanced stress.This technical scheme has been optimized the structure of burner noz(zle) cooling chamber, reduces probability of damage, has improved the reliability of burner noz(zle) work.
This enforcement preferably forms the ccontaining cavity of two cooling liquids respectively inside and outside the helical form pipeline.The cooling duct can be communicated with respectively with the cooling chamber outside helical form pipeline and the helical form pipeline, in the inside and outside ccontaining cavity coolant flow is arranged all.The advantage of design is like this; Both guaranteed through the helical form coolant flow channel that cooling fluid flowed at the even of spray nozzle front end, and reached favorable cooling effect, the reliably working that is nozzle through two-layer ccontaining cavity again provides guarantee; Inside and outside ccontaining cavity has been realized heat exchange through the helical form pipeline; Temperature is roughly the same, even the helical form pipeline has breakage, also can not cause cooling fluid to leak influences burning to nozzle.Cooling chamber outside the spiral tube road constitutes the outer cooling of pipe system, has been equivalent to form the heat-resisting protective on nozzle outer cover surface.
The mode that helical form pipeline 60 is fixed in the cooling chamber 50 can have multiple; For example cooling chamber 50 is formed by nozzle body 10 front end walls and cover cap 70 fastenings in the present embodiment; Can fasten through welding, then can helical form pipeline 60 buttons be established and be fixed in the cooling chamber 50 with cover cap 70.Perhaps also can the helical form pipeline be weldingly fixed on the wall of nozzle body end.Other fixed forms will be described in detail through following embodiment.
No matter adopt which kind of fixed form,,, eliminated the problem of unbalanced stress so all can avoid being connected with the knuckle type of shell wall side because the helical form pipeline is a body independently.The shape of cross section of helical form pipeline is preferably circle or ellipse, and the pipeline of general cylindrical shape more effectively wall knuckle type connects.
The technical scheme of present embodiment also has production cost and the low advantage of maintenance cost.Be embedded the direct dismounting and change of independent spiral shape pipeline in cooling chamber, needn't reequip, therefore need not the use of long-time burn-out nozzle whole burner noz(zle).
Embodiment two
Fig. 3 A is the structural representation of the burner noz(zle) that provides of the utility model embodiment two, Fig. 3 B be among Fig. 3 A along the sectional structure sketch map of B-B line, Fig. 3 C is along the sectional structure sketch map of C-C line among Fig. 3 A.The difference of present embodiment and embodiment one is: the quantity of the cooling duct 40 that in housing 10, is provided with is two; Article one, be communicated with helical form pipeline 60; Another cooling duct 40 is communicated with cooling chamber 50 outside the helical form pipeline 60, is provided with the import and the outlet of two cooling ducts 40 respectively like Fig. 3 A, 3B and 3C.Comprise that separately the cooling duct 40 of supply and return flow line is separately positioned on the both sides of housing 10.
In the present embodiment, separate into two helical form coolant flow channels by the helical form pipeline in the cooling chamber, and supplied with cooling fluid, further enhanced cooling by a cooling duct independently of one another.
In concrete the application, it is two that the quantity of cooling duct is not limited to, and the quantity of cooling duct can be at least two, and wherein at least one cooling duct is communicated with the helical form pipeline, and another cooling duct is communicated with cooling chamber outside the helical form pipeline at least.The cooling fluid that a group or more all can be set on helical form pipeline and on the cooling chamber is imported and exported, so that connect corresponding cooling duct.The quantity of helical form pipeline also is not limited to one, can be many helical form pipelines, connects a cooling duct, or connects many cooling ducts separately.
Embodiment three
The partial structurtes sketch map of the burner noz(zle) that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model embodiment three; Present embodiment can be the basis with above-mentioned each technical scheme; On one or two end face of cooling chamber 50, be formed with groove 51; Normally be formed on nozzle body 10 front end walls and the cover cap 70, the form fit of the shape of groove 51 and helical form pipeline is fastened the helical form pipeline in cooling chamber 50.
The mode of the fixedly helical form pipeline that present embodiment provides; Can further reduce the helical form pipeline is connected with the point-like or the wire of shell wall side; Increase the contact area of helical form pipeline and housing, can improve the heat conduction cooling performance, can avoid again being rigidly connected and locate the stress inequality and damaged fracture.
In addition, pipeline forms coolant flow channel owing to adopt independently in above-mentioned each this enforcement, in fact inside and outside the helical form pipeline, has formed the ccontaining cavity of two cooling liquids respectively.
Among each embodiment of the utility model, the helical form pipeline is preferably pipelines such as copper pipe, carbon steel pipe or stainless steel tube, perhaps also can use the good material preparation of other heat conductivilitys, so that strengthen the heat-transfer effect between the inside and outside cooling fluid of helical form pipeline.
Embodiment four
The partial structurtes sketch map of the burner noz(zle) that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model embodiment four, present embodiment can be the basis with above-mentioned each technical scheme, and the scheme of another kind of fixedly helical form pipeline 60 is provided.In the present embodiment, be formed with a plurality of pins 52 on one or two end face of cooling chamber 50, pin 52 can be approximately perpendicular to housing 10 end walls towards cooling chamber 50 inboard settings, and helical form pipeline 60 is wrapped between the pin 52 and fixes.
The technical scheme of present embodiment has been avoided directly being rigidly connected of helical form pipeline and shell wall side equally, can reduce damaged possibility thus, has also made things convenient for installation and removal.
Embodiment five
The partial structurtes sketch map of the burner noz(zle) that Fig. 6 provides for the utility model embodiment five; The technological means that more preferably combines embodiment three and embodiment four; On the end face in the burner noz(zle) outside, be formed with a plurality of pins 52 at cooling chamber 50; Pin 52 is towards cooling chamber 50 inboard settings, and pin 52 generally is formed on the cover cap 70, and the helical form pipeline is wrapped between the pin 52 and fixes.On the end face of burner noz(zle) inboard, form groove 51 at cooling chamber 50, can be formed on usually on the front end wall of nozzle body 10, the form fit of the shape of groove 51 and helical form pipeline is fastened the helical form pipeline in cooling chamber 50.
Technique scheme more is prone to processing and manufacturing, and the burner noz(zle) cover cap can still be designed to tabular, and inwardly the welding pin gets final product.
Embodiment six
The sectional structure sketch map of the burner noz(zle) that Fig. 7 provides for the utility model embodiment six, present embodiment can be the basis with above-mentioned each technical scheme, has further optimized the structure of cooling duct 40.In the present embodiment, be formed with mozzle 80 in the cooling duct 40, mozzle 80 docks with helical form pipeline 60, i.e. airtight connection of the mouth of pipe on mozzle 80 and spiral tube road 60, and mozzle 80 is not communicated with spiral tube road 60 outer cooling chambers 50.
The technical scheme of present embodiment provides mozzle independently for the helical form pipeline, and mozzle directly provides cooling fluid to the helical form pipeline.Can be with or without cooling fluid in the cooling duct in the mozzle outside, can think that the outside of helical form pipeline provides or do not provide cooling fluid all can.
Embodiment seven
The sectional structure sketch map of the burner noz(zle) that Fig. 8 provides for the utility model embodiment seven, present embodiment can be the basis with the foregoing description six, and the shape of cross section of cooling duct 40 is an annular, and mozzle 80 is spirally wound in the cooling duct 40.And preferably only being arranged on cooling duct 40 supplies with in the part passage of cooling fluid.
Mozzle 80 docks with the import of helical form pipeline 60, and promptly mozzle 80 is communicated with the import of helical form pipeline 60 is airtight, and the outlet of helical form pipeline 60 is communicated with another cooling duct 40.
In the foregoing description six, the cooling duct can be tubulose, only is arranged on a side of housing, and perhaps the cooling duct also can be the path of cross section ring-type, is looped around the outside of combustion-supporting gas channel.In the present embodiment seven, the cooling duct specifically is that shape of cross section is the path of ring-type, is looped around the outside of combustion-supporting gas channel, and shrouding ring can carry out sufficient heat exchange to the cooling fluid inside and outside the cooling chamber among the cooling duct.
The utility model embodiment also provides a kind of coal gasifier, comprises the burner noz(zle) that the utility model any embodiment is provided.This coal gasifier forms the helical form coolant flow channel through in cooling chamber, being embedded the helical form pipeline; Make the helical form coolant flow channel be pipeline independently; Needn't with the wall of nozzle body between form the knuckle type and be connected, so can eliminate because of the knuckle place temperature difference greatly, the cooling chamber cracking phenomena that causes of unbalanced stress.The technical scheme of the utility model has been optimized the structure of burner noz(zle) cooling chamber, reduces probability of damage, has improved the reliability of burner noz(zle) work.
What should explain at last is: above embodiment is only in order to the technical scheme of explanation the utility model, but not to its restriction; Although the utility model has been carried out detailed explanation with reference to previous embodiment; Those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be made amendment to the technical scheme that aforementioned each embodiment put down in writing, and perhaps part technical characterictic wherein is equal to replacement; And these are revised or replacement, do not make the spirit and the scope of each embodiment technical scheme of essence disengaging the utility model of relevant art scheme.