External artificial knee joint---no wound knee joint osteoarthritis orthotic device
Technical field
This utility model relates to the orthopedic instrument field.A kind of patient for genu varum, knee joint osteoarthritis in knee does not have the apparatus of wound corrective therapy, relates in particular to a kind of external artificial knee joint---no wound knee joint osteoarthritis orthotic device.
Background technology
Knee joint osteoarthritis no matter constitutional or insecondary all belongs to common disease, sees the women more.Secondary cases knee joint osteoarthritis pilosity is born in genu varum, deformity in knee, makes stress concentration, articular cartilage generation degenerative change, and meniscus tear, ligament injury, Chondromalacia of patella, strip off chondritis etc.This is that some goes wrong owing to keep the stable joint capsule of knee joint, MCL (or lateral collateral ligament), interior meniscus (or outer meniscus), ligamentum cruciatum, condyle shin bundle etc.; Knee joint loses the stable of certain direction; The stress distribution of joint space is unusual, cartilage internal stress skewness weighing apparatus, thereby cause local cartilage degeneration, joint space skew; Increased the weight of genu varum or in knee; And then more strengthened the pressure of IA part point, and make patient's pain, handicapped of walking, had a strong impact on these patients' quality of life.
For no obvious odd-shaped patient, all adopted expectant treatment: require not do too much walking movement, lose weight etc. in the past.For obvious deformity is arranged, especially there is the patient of cartilage degeneration to take the method treatment of performing the operation: to adopt correction by osteotomy, even adopt the operation method of displacement artificial knee joint to solve slight illness and deformity more.These operations all have certain limitation: to body weight, activity, degree of deformity, lesion degree, whether have whether normal infection so that ligament etc. all has certain limitation in the recent period, and operation all has great pressure mentally and economically to the patient.Postoperative also is prone to poor wound healing, infection, joint instability, prosthetic loosening, fracture, common peroneal nerve injury etc.Still do not have a kind of ideal artificial prosthesis on function, can reach normal knee joint physiological requirement so far, therefore, medically suggestion should be made a comment or criticism in the strict operation of grasping artificial knee joint.
Summary of the invention
Genu varum, deformity in knee make stress concentration articular cartilage generation degenerative change etc. since the knee joint osteoarthritis mostly occurs; It is the stable factor of knee joint; Also produce mutation like joint capsule, MCL (or lateral collateral ligament), interior meniscus (or outer meniscus), ligamentum cruciatum etc. thereupon; With a kind of (or turning up) deformity field engineering mechanics power that change, machinery of turning in making in advance deformity is corrected so conversely, under the effect of engineering mechanics power and biomechanics power, joint capsule, inboard (or outside) ligamena collateralia etc. all will make corresponding changes according to human body adaptation theory; Recover its structure, make that the joint space is balanced, stress distribution is even; Destroying the repair of cartilage of regression or generate the fibrous cartilage tissue, is malformation correction, and pain disappears.This utility model provides a kind of easy to loading and unloading, compact conformation, the external flexibly artificial knee joint of adjusting---no wound knee joint osteoarthritis orthotic device that adapts to theory based on human body for this reason.
This utility model solves the technical scheme that its technical barrier adopted and is made up of little leg support, far-end attachment screw, regulating system, near-end attachment screw, thigh support frame, adjusting spanner.Regulating system is a core component of the present invention; The worm gear of one of which end is done to tighten up with the shank support plate of little leg support with the far-end attachment screw and is connected; The swivel plate of the other end of regulating system is done to tighten up with the thigh support plate on the thigh support frame with the near-end attachment screw and is connected; Form main body of the present invention; Regulate the spanner sleeve on the worm screw of regulating system, rotate and regulate the angle that spanner just passes through regulating system change little leg support of this utility model and thigh support frame, and then realize rescuing of knee joint osteoarthritis accomplished at kneed one-tenth angle.
Little leg support is a frame structure, is made up of shank support plate, shank oversheath, shank inner sheath, afterburning band, rivet, hold-down screw.Shank oversheath and shank support plate are combined through rivet and hold-down screw.Afterburning band is screwed in the relevant position of shank support plate with hold-down screw, and is set on the little leg support of composition on the shank inner sheath.The shank support plate is the plate of a peripheral band stiffened edge, has designed through hole and respective threads hole on the centrage, so that be connected with shank oversheath, afterburning band.The shank oversheath is that a semicircle fan body and patient's shank are fitted, and it is made up of outer surface, elasticity bluff piece, liner, infantees.Shank inner sheath structure is similar with the shank oversheath, and the outside of shank inner sheath is designed with the thread gluing combination.Afterburning band is that a tape assembly is colluded part and formed by cassette connector, drawstring, thread gluing hair spare, crow eye, thread gluing.But the cassette connector is the branch component of a plug; Drawstring one end is fixed on an end of cassette connector; The termination of drawstring is being sewed up thread gluing and is being colluded part; Postmedian is being sewed up thread gluing hair spare, is processed with several through holes in the relevant position and rivets over black so that let hold-down screw pass black eyelet the reinforcing band to be fixed on the shank support plate.
Regulating system is made up of worm gear, top board, worm screw, dog screw, outward turning support, rotating shaft, catch, lock screw, swivel plate, cradle head, screw, bearing pin, locking plate, stop screw.The outward turning support is the central part of regulating system; Worm gear is turning joint through bearing pin, locking plate with the outward turning support and engages; Worm screw is inserted in the outward turning support; The lower end is inserted with screw and is connected in the cradle head on the solid circumflex branch frame outside, and the worm screw upper end is inserted with dog screw and twisted in the centre bore of the top board on the solid circumflex branch frame outside.Swivel plate is combined through rotating shaft, catch and cradle head.The worm and gear component movement pair that is meshed.Worm gear is one one an end band auricle, and the round wheel part branch only is being processed with worm-gear toothing in certain central angle, and the auricle partial design has three screwed holes so that make up with the shank support plate, and round wheel part divides middle processing one through hole.Top board is a rectangle plate, and the center processes a large through-hole so that when combination, let worm screw pass, and both sides are processed with the aperture of two band counterbores.Worm screw is the staged columnar member that matches with turbine, and an end is the small diameter shaft structure, and the other end is processed into hexahedron and is prone to match with the adjusting spanner.Swivel plate is one and is designed with three screwed holes on the rectangle ear for the patty other end is board-like of rectangle ear that so that link to each other with the thigh support plate of thigh support frame, processing one through hole is processed with two grooves along periphery in the middle of the patty part.The outward turning support is the part of band ears, and the ears center is processed with round tube hole and at two logical screwed holes of non-ear portions design, so that combined with top board, cradle head.Cradle head is the plate-shaped members of band plane ears, and an end is the semicircle ears, and an end is a wedge shape; Be processed with three through holes on the limit, the center is hole, single diameter garden, and both sides are the screw hole of band counterbore; Five holes have been designed on the semicircle ears; The center is single diameter through hole, and periphery is designed to four apertures on a slice ear, and the correspondence position of corresponding ear is processed into corresponding four screwed holes.Rotating shaft is the stepped shaft structure that one one end is a semicircular cap, and middle is that optical axis, the other end are screw thread.Regulating spanner is the plate-shaped members of knuckle, and an end is processed with six square tube holes, an end is drilled with round tube hole.
Thigh support frame is made up of thigh support plate, thigh oversheath, thigh inner sheath, afterburning band, rivet, hold-down screw.Its each component structural form is similar with the version of the corresponding parts of little leg support.
During use; Four drawstrings of this utility model that combines are extracted out from the cassette connector; The thigh oversheath of thigh support frame is separated with the thigh inner sheath: the shank oversheath separates with the shank inner sheath; Thigh is protected frame be enclosed within the thigh appropriate location: shank protects frame and is enclosed within the shank appropriate location; Principle is to let regulating system be positioned to suffer from leg outer side and its rotating shaft center with to suffer from lower limb knee sprung center consistent, then corresponding drawstring is penetrated in the corresponding cassette connector, and tension makes thigh oversheath and thigh inner sheath place the outside of thigh and the inboard of thigh respectively; Shank oversheath, shank inner sheath place the outside of shank and the inboard of shank (to require the cassette connector to keep flat in the inboard, tilt phenomenon should not occur, in order to avoid influence degree of tension respectively.Balance in order to ensure the cassette connector; Can through the play reinforcing with on black eyelet realize in the position of shank support plate and thigh support plate; Promptly back out hold-down screw, the afterburning band of play just in time is positioned at the cassette connector on it to suffer from inboard leg shank inner sheath and the outer flat place of thigh inner sheath, and the black ophthalmic that hold-down screw is penetrated the respective screw hole of shank support plate that afterburning band faces and thigh support plate is twisted solid); At this moment drawstring is penetrated in the cassette connector and strain; Drawstring after the tension is cemented, accomplish the use installation process of this utility model, suitably flexing knee joint sensory adaptation is advisable.(patient who has has the anti-trend of opening need limit hyperextension, and can be screwed into stop screw in the corresponding hole this moment, with limiting the angle that its knee joint is stretched, this utility model be designed with two spacing, one is 10 degree, one is 30 degree).After this just can be inserted on six square toes of worm screw regulating the spanner cover, the rotation adjusting wrench makes worm screw change angle gradually, and then drives the shank intraarticular of staying with one's parents in order to make them happy and receive or abduction; Should reconcile that for the genu varum patient patient's shank is changed to abduction,, make the knee joint space change regulating the process that changes gradually also with regard to the artificial angle that becomes of patient's shank that changed gradually with thigh; Time spent has changed kneed stress; Intraarticular stress is become evenly by inhomogeneous, and pressure pain point eases off the pressure, and has alleviated pain; Changing angle gradually and adhere to certain hour, is the damaged part reparation.Adapt to a theory knee joint peripheral tissue according to human body adaptive change takes place, recover the stability of knee joint peripheral tissue gradually, make the knee joint osteoarthritis alleviate and rescue.Attention: 1. regulate and will carry out gradually, 2. to want appropriateness to be difficult for too tight or too loose for the dynamics of the afterburning band of tension, and 3. the time of carrying looks the recovery progress and decides, can not be too urgent.
The good effect of this utility model is:
1. this utility model is simple in structure, mounting or dismounting are convenient, it is flexible to regulate.
2. this utility model is an apparatus that the patient is not had any injury.
3. it can effectively be rescued the knee joint osteoarthritis, also can correct in real time genu varum or patient in knee.
4. use this utility model not influence the patient and normally walk,, use the present invention then can make its walking stable especially for the unsteady patient that walks because of the knee joint osteoarthritis.
5. this utility model has designed the structure that spacing 10 degree of flexing and 30 spend two positions and has selected with stop screw, can limit and prevent patient's anti-Zhang Xianxiang, and can rescue anti-Zhang Jinhang.
6. each part this utility model all can be used for left lower limb, also can be used for right lower limb, because it instead opens left and right two covers of adaptation of spacing also design.
7. the AGF of this utility model design can satisfy the normal curvature movement needs of people fully greater than 120 degree.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of this utility model.
Fig. 2 is the shank supporting structure sketch map of this utility model.
Fig. 3 is the shank support plate structural representation of this utility model.
Fig. 4 is the shank outer jacket structure sketch map of this utility model.
Fig. 5 is the afterburning band structure sketch map of this utility model.
Fig. 6 is the regulating system structural representation of this utility model.
Fig. 7 is the worm gear arrangement sketch map of this utility model.
Fig. 8 is the top board structural representation of this utility model.
Fig. 9 is the worm structure sketch map of this utility model.
Figure 10 is the swivel plate structural representation of this utility model.
Figure 11 is the outward turning supporting structure sketch map of this utility model.
Figure 12 is the cradle head structural representation of this utility model.
Figure 13 is the pivot structure sketch map of this utility model.
Figure 14 is the adjusting spanner structural representation of this utility model.
Figure 15 is the thigh support frame structural representation of this utility model.
Figure 16 is the user mode sketch map of this utility model.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, external artificial knee joint---no wound knee joint osteoarthritis orthotic device.Form by little leg support (1), far-end attachment screw (2), regulating system (3), near-end attachment screw (4), thigh support frame (5), adjusting spanner (6).Regulating system (3) is the core component of this utility model; The worm gear of one of which end (3-1) is done to tighten up with the shank support plate (1-1) of little leg support (1) with far-end attachment screw (2) and is connected; The swivel plate (3-9) of the other end of regulating system (3) is done to tighten up with the thigh support plate (5-1) on the thigh support frame (5) with near-end attachment screw (4) and is connected; Form this utility model main body; Regulate spanner (6) sleeve on the worm screw (3-3) of regulating system (3), rotate and regulate spanner (6), and then realize kneed one-tenth angle just through the angle of regulating system (3) the change little leg support of the present invention (1) with thigh support frame (5).
As shown in Figure 2, little leg support (1) is a frame structure, is made up of shank support plate (1-1), shank oversheath (1-2), shank inner sheath (1-3), afterburning band (1-4), rivet (1-5), hold-down screw (1-6).Shank oversheath (1-2) is combined through rivet (1-5) and hold-down screw (1-6) with shank support plate (1-1).Afterburning band (1-4) is screwed in the relevant position of shank support plate (1-1) with hold-down screw (1-6), and is set on upward composition little leg support (1) of shank inner sheath (1-3).As shown in Figure 3, shank support plate (1-1) is the plate of a peripheral band stiffened edge, has designed through hole and respective threads hole on the centrage, so that shank oversheath (1-2), afterburning band (1-4) connect.As shown in Figure 4, shank oversheath (1-2) is that a semicircle fan body and patient's shank are fitted, and it is made up of outer surface (1-2-1), elasticity bluff piece (1-2-2), liner (1-2-3), infantees (1-2-4).Shank inner sheath (1-3) structure is similar with shank oversheath (1-2), and the outside of shank inner sheath (1-3) is designed with the thread gluing combination.As shown in Figure 5, afterburning band (1-4) is that a tape assembly is colluded part (1-4-5) and formed by cassette connector (1-4-1), drawstring (1-4-2), thread gluing hair spare (1-4-3), crow eye (1-4-4), thread gluing.Cassette connector (1-4-1) but be the branch component of a plug; Drawstring (1-4-3) end is fixed on an end of cassette connector (1-4-1); The termination of drawstring (1-4-2) is being sewed up thread gluing and is being colluded part (1-4-5); Postmedian is being sewed up thread gluing hair spare (1-4-3), is processed with several through holes in the relevant position and rivets over black (1-4-4) so that let hold-down screw (1-6) pass crow eye (1-4-4) hole reinforcing band (1-4) to be fixed on the shank support plate (1-1).
As shown in Figure 6, regulating system (3) is made up of worm gear (3-1), top board (3-2), worm screw (3-3), dog screw (3-4), outward turning support (3-5), rotating shaft (36), catch (3-7), lock screw (3-8), swivel plate (3-9), cradle head (3-10), screw (3-11), bearing pin (3-12), locking plate (3-13), stop screw (3-14).Outward turning support (3-5) is the central part of regulating system (3); Worm gear (3-1) is turning joint through bearing pin (3-12), locking plate (13) with outward turning support (3-5) and engages; Worm screw (3-3) is inserted in the outward turning support (3-5); The lower end is inserted with screw (3-11) and is connected in the cradle head (3-10) on the solid circumflex branch frame (3-5) outside, and worm screw (3-3) upper end is inserted with dog screw (3-4) and twisted in the centre bore of the top board (3-2) on the solid circumflex branch frame (3-5) outside.Swivel plate (3-9) is combined with cradle head (3-10) through rotating shaft (3-6), catch (3-7).Worm gear (3-1) worm screw (3-3) the component movement pair that is meshed.As shown in Figure 7, worm gear (3-1) is one one an end band auricle, and the round wheel part branch only is being processed with worm-gear toothing in certain central angle, and the auricle partial design has three screwed holes so that make up with shank support plate (1-1), and round wheel part divides middle processing one through hole.As shown in Figure 8, top board (3-2) is a rectangle plate, and the center processes a large through-hole so that when combination, let worm screw (3-3) pass, and both sides are processed with the aperture of two band counterbores.As shown in Figure 9, worm screw (3-3) is the staged columnar member that matches with turbine (3-1), and an end is the small diameter shaft structure, and the other end is processed into hexahedron and is prone to match with adjusting spanner (6).Shown in figure 10; It is board-like of rectangle ear for the patty other end that swivel plate (3-7) is one; Be designed with three screwed holes on the rectangle ear, so that link to each other with the thigh support plate (5-1) of thigh support frame (5), processing one through hole is processed with two grooves along periphery in the middle of the patty part.Shown in figure 11, outward turning support (3-5) is the part of band ears, and the ears center is processed with round tube hole and designs two logical screwed holes in non-ear portions, so that (3-10) is combined with top board (3-2), cradle head.Shown in figure 12, cradle head (3-10) is the plate-shaped members of band plane ears, and an end is the semicircle ears; One end is a wedge shape, is processed with three through holes on the limit, and the center is hole, single diameter garden; Five holes have been designed for the screw hole of band counterbore in both sides on the semicircle ears, the center is single diameter through hole; Periphery is designed to four apertures on a slice ear, the correspondence position on the corresponding ear is processed into corresponding four screwed holes.Shown in figure 13, rotating shaft (3-6) is the stepped shaft structure that one one end is a semicircular cap, and middle is that optical axis, the other end are screw thread.Shown in figure 14, regulating spanner (6) is the plate-shaped members of knuckle, and an end is processed with six square tube holes, and an end is drilled with round tube hole.
Shown in figure 15, thigh support frame (5) is made up of thigh support plate (5-1), thigh oversheath (5-2), thigh inner sheath (5-3), afterburning band (1-4), rivet (1-5), hold-down screw (16).Its each component structural form is similar with the version of the corresponding parts of little leg support (1).
During use; With four drawstrings (1-4-2) of this utility model that combines from cassette connector (1-4-1)) extract out; The thigh oversheath (5-2) of thigh support frame (5) is separated with thigh inner sheath (5-3): shank oversheath (1-2) separates with shank inner sheath (1-3); Thigh support frame (5) is enclosed within the thigh appropriate location: little leg support (1) is enclosed within the shank appropriate location; Principle is to let regulating system (3) be positioned to suffer from leg outer side and its rotating shaft (3-6) center with to suffer from lower limb knee sprung center consistent; Then corresponding drawstring (1-4-2) is penetrated in the corresponding cassette connector (1-4-1), tension makes thigh oversheath (5-2) and thigh inner sheath (5-3) place the outside of thigh and the inboard of thigh respectively; Shank oversheath (1-2), shank inner sheath (1-3) place the outside of shank and the inboard of shank (to require cassette connector (1-4-1) to keep flat in the inboard, tilt phenomenon should not occur, in order to avoid influence degree of tension respectively.(1-4-1) balances in order to ensure the cassette connector; Can realize through crow eye (1-4-4) hole aligning shank support plate (1-1) on the afterburning band of play (1-4) and the position of thigh support plate (5-1); Promptly back out hold-down screw (1-6); The afterburning band of play (1-4) makes the cassette connector (1-4-1) on it just in time be positioned at trouble inboard leg shank inner sheath (1-3) and the outer flat place of thigh inner sheath (5-2); Hold-down screw (1-6) is penetrated twist in the crow eye (1-4-4) of respective screw hole of shank support plate (1-1) that afterburning band (1-4) faces and thigh support plate (5-1) solid), at this moment pull strap (1-4) is penetrated tension in the cassette connector (1-4-4), the drawstring (1-4-2) after the tension is cemented; Accomplish the use installation process of this utility model, suitably flexing knee joint sensory adaptation is advisable.(patient who has has the anti-trend of opening need limit hyperextension, and can be screwed into stop screw (3-14) in the corresponding hole this moment, with limiting the angle that its knee joint is stretched, this utility model be designed with two spacing, one is 10 degree, one is 30 degree).After this just can be inserted on six square toes of worm screw (3-3) regulating spanner (6) cover, rotation adjusting spanner (6) makes worm screw (3-3) change angle gradually, and then drives the shank intraarticular of staying with one's parents in order to make them happy and receive or abduction, should reconcile that for the genu varum patient patient's shank is changed to abduction; Should reconcile for patient in knee and to make patient's shank inwardly receive variation.In the process that regulate to change gradually also with regard to artificial the become angle of patient's shank that changed gradually with thigh; Make the knee joint space change, the time spent has changed kneed stress, and intraarticular stress becomes even by inhomogeneous; Pressure pain point eases off the pressure; Alleviated pain, changed angle gradually and adhere to certain hour, made the damaged part reparation.Adapt to each tissue of theory knee joint peripheral according to human body adaptive change takes place, recover the stability of knee joint peripheral tissue gradually, make the knee joint osteoarthritis alleviate and rescue.Attention: 1. regulate and will carry out gradually, 2. to want appropriateness to be difficult for too tight or too loose for the dynamics of the afterburning band of tension, and 3. the time of carrying looks the recovery progress and decides, can not be too urgent.