CN202136825U - Molecular distillation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a molecular distillation apparatus with a novel cold-end collector, and is intended to provide a molecular distillation apparatus with a cold-end collector enabling sufficient contact between cooling liquid and a cold-end collection tube, so that temperature regulating efficiency of the cold-end collector is improved. The molecular distillation apparatus comprises a hot-end distiller, the cold-end collector and a base, wherein the cold-end collector comprises a cold-end collection tube, a liquid level positioning tube, a cooling liquid inlet pipe and a cooling liquid outlet tube, the liquid level positioning tube is positioned inside the cold-end collection tube, and the arc-shaped upper portion of the cooling liquid inlet tube is positioned inside a cooling liquid cavity formed by the positioning tube and the cold-end collection tube. Cooling liquid swirls around the liquid level positioning tube to flow up inside the cooling liquid cavity, and flows down through the liquid level positioning tube and flows out of the cooling liquid outlet tube. By means of the flowing manner, sufficient contact between the cooling liquid and the cold-end collection tube can be realized, temperature regulating efficiency of the cold-end collector is improved, and accordingly operating efficiency of the molecular distillation apparatus is improved.

Description

A kind of molecular still

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of molecular distillation equipment, particularly relates to a kind of molecular still with novel cold junction gatherer.

Background technology

Molecular clock is called short-path distillation again; Be to be accompanied by vacuum technique and vacuum distillation technique and a kind of special liquid-liquid isolation technics of growing up; Evaporating temperature is low, vacuum is high, separation degree is high because it has, and does not have characteristics such as azeotropism, no bubbling; Be particularly suitable for higher boiling, thermal sensitivity separates with easy oxidized material.At present, this technology is widely used in fields such as food, medicine, petrochemical industry, light industry, pesticide producing, and oneself becomes an important branch in the isolation technics.

Molecular clock is the technology that the molecular motion mean free path difference of dependence different material is come the separating liquid mixture.The molecular motion mean free path be meant sometime at interval in the mean value of molecular motion free path; And the molecular motion free path be meant molecule twice continuously between the collision the distance of process.The molecular motion mean free path can be used following function representation:

${\mathrm{\&lambda;}}_m=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="k"\; filenames="HDA0000070232170000011.png,HDA0000070232170000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">k</figure-callout>}}{\sqrt{2}\mathrm{\&pi;}}\&CenterDot;\frac{T}{d^{2}P}$

In the formula: λ _m-----molecular motion mean free path k-------Boltzmann constant

D-----molecule effective diameter P-------molecule environmental stress of living in

T-----molecule environment temperature of living in

Can see λ from formula _mBe directly proportional with temperature T, and be inversely proportional to pressure P and molecular diameter d.Under identical temperature and pressure, the effective diameter of different material molecule is different with molecular free path, and the mean free path of light molecule is big; The weight molecule mean free path is little; If greater than weight molecule mean free path place one cryosurface is being set less than the mean free path of light molecule, after light molecule is overflowed from evaporating surface, not with other molecular collision from the evaporation liquid level; Directly fly to cryosurface and be condensed, be collected thereby flow downward along cold plate; And weight molecule does not reach cryosurface, reaches balance with liquid phase very soon, apparent on no longer from the liquid level effusion, and flow downward along heating plate, the mixture of weight molecule has obtained separation like this.The principle of its separation process is as shown in Figure 5, and the process of molecular clock is following:

A, component (heavy ends 1 ' and light component 2 ') molecule spread to evaporating surface from the liquid phase main body.

B, molecular free path are λ _LLight molecule e _LWith molecular free path be λ _HWeight molecule e _HFreely evaporating of liquid layer surface.

C, light molecule e _LFly to the cryosurface of cold plate 4 ' from the evaporating surface of evaporation plate 3 '.

D, light molecule e _LCondensation on cryosurface.

The molecular still that uses now; The mechanism of its cold junction gatherer is as shown in Figure 4, and cooling fluid inlet tube 1 ' is deep into the top of cold junction collecting pipe 2 ' through base, and cooling fluid is flowed into by cooling fluid inlet tube 1 '; Flow downward from the top of cold junction collecting pipe 2 '; Flow out by coolant outlet 3 ' then, realize the refrigeration of cold junction gatherer, but adopt this refrigeration modes that cooling fluid is contacted with the cold junction collecting pipe fully; Reduce the temperature adjustment efficient of cold junction gatherer, thereby reduced the operating efficiency of molecular still.

The utility model content

The technical problem that the utility model will solve provides a kind of molecular still; The cold junction gatherer of this molecular still can make cooling fluid fully contact with the cold junction collecting pipe; Improve the temperature adjustment efficient of cold junction gatherer, thereby improved the operating efficiency of molecular still.

A kind of molecular still of the utility model; Comprise cylindric cold junction gatherer and base, the cold junction gatherer comprises the cold junction collecting pipe, is installed in cooling fluid inlet tube and coolant outlet on the base, and wherein said cold junction gatherer also comprises the liquid level positioning pipe; The liquid level positioning pipe is positioned at the cold junction collecting pipe; The inwall of the outer wall of liquid level positioning pipe and cold junction collecting pipe constitutes the cooling sap cavity, and the height of liquid level positioning pipe is less than the height of cold junction collecting pipe inwall, and the liquid level positioning pipe is fixedly mounted on the base; The cooling fluid inlet tube is positioned at the cooling sap cavity, and coolant outlet is positioned at the liquid level positioning pipe.

A kind of molecular still of the utility model; Wherein said cooling fluid inlet tube comprises upper coolant inlet tube and bottom cooling fluid inlet tube; The upper coolant inlet tube becomes circular-arc, is positioned at the cooling sap cavity, and the radian of upper coolant inlet tube adapts with the cooling sap cavity.

A kind of molecular still of the utility model, wherein said liquid level positioning pipe and cold junction collecting pipe are coaxial.

A kind of molecular still of the utility model, the height ratio of wherein said liquid level positioning pipe and cold junction collecting pipe is 0.6 to 0.9.

A kind of molecular still of the utility model, the wall thickness of wherein said cold junction collecting pipe are 1 millimeter to 1.2 millimeters; The wall thickness of liquid level positioning pipe is 0.8 millimeter to 1 millimeter.

A kind of molecular still of the utility model, the outer surface of wherein said upper coolant inlet tube contacts with base upper surface.

A kind of molecular still of the utility model, the upper surface of wherein said cold junction collecting pipe are arc surface.

A kind of molecular still difference from prior art of the utility model is to be provided with the liquid level positioning pipe in the cold junction gatherer in the utility model; Liquid level positioning pipe and cold junction collecting pipe constitute the cooling sap cavity; Cooling fluid gets into the cooling sap cavity through the cooling fluid inlet tube; Cooling fluid in the cooling sap cavity on flow, downward through the liquid level positioning pipe then, flow out through coolant outlet.Cooling fluid adopts this type of flow, and cooling fluid is fully contacted with the cold junction collecting pipe, has improved the temperature adjustment efficient of cold junction gatherer, thereby has improved the operating efficiency of molecular still.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing a kind of molecular still of the utility model is described further.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 looks cutaway view for the master of a kind of molecular still of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is along the cutaway view of A-A direction among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the axonometric drawing such as grade of the cooling fluid inlet tube of a kind of molecular still of the utility model;

Fig. 4 looks cutaway view for the master of the cold junction gatherer of molecular still in the prior art;

Fig. 5 is a prior art molecular clock schematic diagram;

Fig. 6 is coolant flow state diagram in the cold junction gatherer in a kind of molecular still of the utility model.

The specific embodiment

Like Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, a kind of molecular still of the utility model comprises hot junction distiller 1, motor 11, blade applicator 12, cold junction gatherer 2, base 3, vacuum tube 13, feed pipe 14, raffinate collecting pipe 15, target liquid collecting pipe 16 and sealing device, wherein 1 one-tenth pipe shape of hot junction distiller; Its upper end is connected with loam cake 17 usefulness bolt; The lower end is connected with base 3 usefulness bolt, and vacuum tube 13 is fixedly mounted on the loam cake 17, is installed with motor 11 through support 18 on the loam cake 17; The output shaft of motor 11 is connected with rotating shaft 19 through shaft joint; The axis of motor 11 output shafts and the dead in line of rotating shaft 19, rotating shaft 19 is fixedly connected with blade applicator 12, and blade applicator 12 is positioned at hot junction distiller 1; Blade applicator 12 comprises connecting plate 20 and 2 scraper plates 21 that are fixedly mounted on connecting plate 20 two ends; Every scraper plate 21 all contacts with distiller 1 inwall in hot junction is flexible, and feed pipe 14 is fixedly mounted on the sidewall of hot junction distiller 1, and is positioned at blade applicator 12 tops.Cold junction gatherer 2 also is positioned at hot junction distiller 1; Cold junction gatherer 2 comprises cold junction collecting pipe 4, liquid level positioning pipe 5, cooling fluid inlet tube 6 and coolant outlet 7; Liquid level positioning pipe 5 is positioned at cold junction collecting pipe 4, and the dead in line of the axis of liquid level positioning pipe 5 and cold junction collecting pipe 4.The sealing of cold junction collecting pipe 4 upper surfaces, sealing surface is an arc surface, liquid level positioning pipe 5 upper ends are uncovered; Liquid level positioning pipe 5 is 0.8 with the height ratio of cold junction collecting pipe 4, and the wall thickness of liquid level positioning pipe 5 is 0.9 millimeter, and the wall thickness of cold junction collecting pipe 4 is 1 millimeter.Constitute cooling sap cavity 8 between the inwall of the outer wall of liquid level positioning pipe 5 and cold junction collecting pipe 4, liquid level positioning pipe 5 all is fixedly mounted on the base 3 with cold junction collecting pipe 4; In conjunction with shown in Figure 3; Cooling fluid inlet tube 6 comprises upper coolant inlet tube 9 and bottom cooling fluid inlet tube 10; 9 one-tenth of upper coolant inlet tubes are circular-arc; Be positioned at cooling sap cavity 8, the radian of upper coolant inlet tube 9 adapts with cooling sap cavity 8, and the outer surface of upper coolant inlet tube 9 contacts with base 3 upper surfaces.Bottom cooling fluid inlet tube 10 is fixedly mounted on the base 3, and upper coolant inlet tube 9 is connected with bottom cooling fluid inlet tube 10; Coolant outlet 7 is fixedly mounted on the base 3, and is positioned at liquid level positioning pipe 5; Coolant outlet 7 all passes base 3 with cooling fluid inlet tube 6.The spacing of the inwall of the outer wall of cold junction gatherer 2 and hot junction distiller 1 is 1.5 centimetres; Cold junction gatherer 2 have a connecting ring 22; Connecting ring 22 is formed in one with cold junction gatherer 2, offers the ring-type collecting tank on the connecting ring 22, and the inner of target liquid collecting pipe 16 is positioned at collecting tank; Raffinate collecting pipe 15 is fixedly mounted on the base 3, and between cold junction gatherer 2 and hot junction distiller 1.

Wherein liquid level positioning pipe 5, cold junction collecting pipe 4, cooling fluid inlet tube 6 and coolant outlet 7 are processed by 316 stainless steels.

The utility model in use, at first the electric heating film through hot junction distiller outer surface setting makes the hot junction distiller be warmed up to the temperature of setting, vacuumizes through vacuum tube with vavuum pump; Make the inner chamber of hot junction distiller reach the negative pressure of setting, start coolant pump, the flow through inner chamber of cold junction gatherer of cooling fluid; Make the cold junction gatherer reach the temperature of setting, then pending sample solution is imported actuating motor from feed pipe; Blade applicator is started working, and scraper plate is evenly distributed on the inwall of hot junction distiller liquid film, the distillation beginning; Target components is condensed on the coat side of cold junction gatherer, forms target liquid, after collecting through collecting tank; From target liquid collecting pipe, flow out the back and collect, the raffinate that the distillation back forms is flowed out by the raffinate collecting pipe.When the cold junction gatherer freezes,, be the cooling fluid inlet tube that circular arc is provided with through top in conjunction with shown in Figure 6; The cooling fluid tangential is got into, and cooling fluid becomes eddy flow upwards to flow around the liquid level positioning pipe in cooling chamber, and is downward through the liquid level positioning pipe then; Flow out through coolant outlet, cooling fluid adopts this type of flow, and cooling fluid is fully contacted with the cold junction collecting pipe; Improve the temperature adjustment efficient of cold junction gatherer, thereby improved the operating efficiency of molecular still.

Above-described embodiment describes the preferred implementation of the utility model; Be not that scope to the utility model limits; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model design spirit; Various distortion and improvement that those of ordinary skills make the technical scheme of the utility model all should fall in the definite protection domain of the utility model claims.

Claims (7)

1. molecular still; Comprise cylindric cold junction gatherer (2) and base (3); Said cold junction gatherer (2) comprises cold junction collecting pipe (4), is installed in cooling fluid inlet tube (6) and coolant outlet (7) on the base (3); It is characterized in that: said cold junction gatherer (2) also comprises liquid level positioning pipe (5), and said liquid level positioning pipe (5) is positioned at cold junction collecting pipe (4), constitutes cooling sap cavity (8) between the inwall of the outer wall of liquid level positioning pipe (5) and cold junction collecting pipe (4); The height of liquid level positioning pipe (5) is less than the height of cold junction collecting pipe (4) inwall; Said liquid level positioning pipe (5) is fixedly mounted on the base (3), and said cooling fluid inlet tube (6) is positioned at cooling sap cavity (8), and coolant outlet (7) is positioned at liquid level positioning pipe (5).

2. a kind of molecular still according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said cooling fluid inlet tube (6) comprises upper coolant inlet tube (9) and bottom cooling fluid inlet tube (10); It is circular-arc that upper coolant inlet tube (9) becomes; Be positioned at cooling sap cavity (8), the radian of upper coolant inlet tube (9) adapts with cooling sap cavity (8).

3. a kind of molecular still according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said liquid level positioning pipe (5) is coaxial with cold junction collecting pipe (4).

4. a kind of molecular still according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said liquid level positioning pipe (5) is 0.6 to 0.9 with the height ratio of cold junction collecting pipe (4).

5. a kind of molecular still according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the wall thickness of said cold junction collecting pipe (4) is 1 millimeter to 1.2 millimeters; The wall thickness of said liquid level positioning pipe (5) is 0.8 millimeter to 1 millimeter.

6. a kind of molecular still according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the outer surface of said upper coolant inlet tube (9) contacts with base (3) upper surface.

7. a kind of molecular still according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the upper surface of said cold junction collecting pipe (4) is an arc surface.

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