CN202116476U - Device utilizing wasted pure polyester textiles to prepare polyester melt - Google Patents
Device utilizing wasted pure polyester textiles to prepare polyester melt Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN202116476U CN202116476U CN2011202226324U CN201120222632U CN202116476U CN 202116476 U CN202116476 U CN 202116476U CN 2011202226324 U CN2011202226324 U CN 2011202226324U CN 201120222632 U CN201120222632 U CN 201120222632U CN 202116476 U CN202116476 U CN 202116476U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- degassing
- fusion
- screw rod
- screw sleeve
- feeding bin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001347978 Major minor Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006136 alcoholysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
- B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
- B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
- B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
- B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
- B29B7/428—Parts or accessories, e.g. casings, feeding or discharging means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to a device utilizing wasted pure polyester textiles to prepare polyester melt, which is characterized by comprising a forced feed mechanism and a degassing melting mechanism. The forced feed mechanism comprises a feed bin, a material inlet is arranged at the top of the feed bin, and the feed bin is provided with a feeding device and a stirring device. The degassing melting mechanism comprises a screw sleeve, a degassing melting screw is disposed in the screw sleeve and divided into a dry exhaust area and a melt area, the screw sleeve at the dry exhaust area is connected with a material outlet at the bottom of the feed bin, a degassing hole is arranged at the tail end of the screw sleeve at the dry exhaust area, the degassing melting screw at the melting area is divided into four sections including a melting section, a vacuum exhaust section, a transitional section and a mixing metering section, the screw sleeve at the vacuum exhaust section is provided with a vacuum bleed hole connected with a vacuum pumping system, and the tail end of the screw sleeve at the melting section is connected with a melt filter via a pipeline. The device can be used for recovery of wasted pure polyester textiles widely.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device for preparing polyester fondant, particularly utilizes waste and old pure terylene textiles to prepare the device of polyester fondant about a kind of.
Background technology
China is a weaving big country, the big country that wears the clothes, and it is estimated more than 2,000 ten thousand tons of the quantity of annual waste textile nearly; The overwhelming majority is failed effective recycling; Cause the waste textile enormous amount, not only contaminate environment, occupy a large amount of storage spaces, and cause the great wasting of resources.What proportion was very high in the waste textile is terylene class textiles, because the staple of terylene class textiles is a polyethylene terephthalate, can not degrade, and therefore, environmental pollution will produce great effect.
In recent years, the recycling of waste and old terylene is mainly contained two kinds of methods: the one, physics method: earlier polyester fabric is carried out granule, carry out spinning through traditional chemical fibre spinning processes again; Because limiting viscosity has only 0.43dL/g behind the textiles granule; Therefore, this method can only spinning short fiber, and intensity is far below normal value; But this method cost is low, does not pollute; The 2nd, chemical method promptly through various chemical processes such as hydrolysis method, alcoholysis method, supercutical fluid methods, will be discarded terylene and be degraded into oligopolymer or monomer; The shortcoming of this method is a long flow path, and cost is high, and added value of product is low; Pollution is arranged, therefore, never apply in China.Simultaneously, the recycling of waste and old terylene textiles is also had the difficult point of the following aspects: the one, textiles elasticity is big, and the unit packing ratio is very little, can't normally feed screw rod; The 2nd, moisture degraded in the polyester course of processing influence greatly, and if pass through drying process in advance, then its energy expenditure cost is high; The 3rd, thermal destruction is to the influence of polyester processing.
Summary of the invention
To the problems referred to above, the purpose of the utility model provides that a kind of cost is low, efficient is high, need not to pass through in advance drying process, utilizes waste and old pure terylene textiles to prepare the device of polyester fondant.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, the utility model is taked following technical scheme: a kind ofly utilize waste and old pure terylene textiles to prepare the device of polyester fondant, it is characterized in that: it comprises forced feed mechanism and degassing fusion mechanism; Said forced feed mechanism comprises feeding bin, and said feeding bin top is provided with material inlet, and said feeding bin is provided with drawing-in device and whipping appts; Said drawing-in device comprises a feed screw, and an end of said feed screw passes said feeding bin top and connects motor, and the other end passes the material outlet of said feeding bin bottom; Said whipping appts comprises a stirring rake, and an end of said stirring rake passes said feeding bin sidewall and connects motor, and the other end is arranged in the said feeding bin; Said degassing fusion mechanism comprises a screw sleeve; Said screw sleeve is provided with heating unit; Be provided with a degassing fusion screw rod in the said screw sleeve; One end of said degassing fusion screw rod passes one of them end of said screw sleeve, and connects motor, and the other end of said degassing fusion screw rod is arranged on the place, the other end in the said screw sleeve; Said degassing fusion screw rod is divided into dry exhaust district and melting zone, and the said screw sleeve that is positioned at the dry exhaust district connects the said material outlet of said feeding bin bottom, and is provided with degassing orifice at the said screw sleeve end that is positioned at the dry exhaust district; The said degassing fusion screw rod that is positioned at melting zone is divided into four sections, is respectively melt zone, vacuum exhaust section, transition section and mixing metering zone; The said screw sleeve of vacuum exhaust section is provided with a vacuum pumping hole that connects pumped vacuum systems; The said screw sleeve of melt zone is terminal to connect fondant filter through pipeline.
In the said degassing fusion mechanism, the length-to-diameter ratio of said degassing fusion screw rod is 32～35; In the dry exhaust district, directly than being 0.24, length-to-diameter ratio is 7 to the groove of said degassing fusion screw rod; In the melting zone, the said degassing fusion screw rod of melt zone is provided with main thread and deputy thread, the equidistance gradual change, and length-to-diameter ratio is 14; Directly than being 0.2, length-to-diameter ratio is 3.5 to the groove of the said degassing fusion screw rod of vacuum exhaust section; The said degassing fusion screw rod equidistance gradual change of transition section, length-to-diameter ratio is 1.5; The said degassing fusion screw rod equidistance of mixing metering zone etc. are dark, and groove is directly than being 0.1, and length-to-diameter ratio is 6.
The aperture of said fondant filter is 40～50 μ m.
The utility model is owing to take above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the utility model is provided with forced feed mechanism, has solved the problem that fluffy materials is difficult to feed screw sleeve; The utility model is provided with degassing fusion mechanism, has realized that dry materials and one step of fusion accomplish, and has saved energy consumption, has improved efficient, and the moisture of terylene is degraded and thermal destruction controls to minimum.2, the feeding bin of the utility model forced feed mechanism is provided with drawing-in device and whipping appts; Can pressurize to fluffy materials through drawing-in device; The material equal and quantitative is sent into screw sleeve, can prevent the fluffy materials bridge formation, improve the homogeneity of charging through whipping appts; Therefore, the material dosing that the utility model can effectively must be very big with the unit packing ratio is evenly sent into degassing fusion mechanism.3, the utility model degassing fusion mechanism comprises degassing fusion screw rod and screw sleeve; Degassing fusion screw-rod structure divides dry exhaust district and melting zone; Can be through the dry exhaust district with terylene venting steam before fusion; Save the required mass energy consumption of dry materials operation, also effectively avoided the moisture degraded in the terylene melting process.4, the utility model is a purpose with waste and old pure terylene textiles higher value application; Can be under the prerequisite that does not need drying process with the pure terylene textiles of various forms; Through forced feed, degassing smelting process; Process polyester fondant, and the influence of moisture degraded and thermal destruction is controlled to minimum, can be widely used in the recycling process of waste and old pure terylene textiles.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is carried out detailed description.
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model device comprises forced feed mechanism 10 and degassing fusion mechanism 20.
Forced feed mechanism 10 comprises an approximate funnel shaped feeding bin 101, and feeding bin 101 tops are provided with material inlet 102, are provided with drawing-in device 103 and whipping appts 104 in the feeding bin 101.Drawing-in device 103 comprises a feed screw 105, and an end of feed screw 105 passes feeding bin 101 tops and connects motor 106, and the other end passes the material outlet 107 of feeding bin 101 bottoms.Whipping appts 104 comprises a stirring rake 108, and an end of stirring rake 108 passes feeding bin 101 sidewalls and connects motor 109, and the other end is arranged in the feeding bin 101.
In the degassing fusion mechanism 20, the length-to-diameter ratio of degassing fusion screw rod 202 is 32～35.The groove depth of degassing fusion screw rod 202 that is positioned at the dry exhaust district is big, and directly than being 0.24, length-to-diameter ratio is 7 to groove, and Heating temperature is 160～200 ℃, preferred 160 ℃.Screw sleeve 201 ends are provided with degassing orifice 204, and material, wherein after the moisture vaporization, under the effect of pressure, is discharged from degassing orifice 204 through heating in this zone.The degassing fusion screw rod 202 that is positioned at melting zone is divided into four sections, is respectively melt zone, vacuum exhaust section, transition section and mixing metering zone: the degassing fusion screw rod 202 of melt zone adopts the design of major-minor screw thread, the equidistance gradual change, and length-to-diameter ratio is 14; Degassing fusion screw rod 202 grooves of vacuum exhaust section are directly than being 0.2, and length-to-diameter ratio is 3.5, and it is 200～300Pa that vacuum tightness requires; The degassing fusion screw rod 202 equidistance gradual changes of transition section, length-to-diameter ratio is 1.5; Degassing fusion screw rod 202 equidistance of mixing metering zone etc. are dark, and groove is directly than being 0.1, and length-to-diameter ratio is 6.The temperature of the melt zone in the above-mentioned screw sleeve 201 is 265 ℃, and the temperature of vacuum exhaust section is 265 ℃, and the temperature of transition section is 270 ℃, and the temperature of mixing metering zone is 275 ℃.
In the degassing fusion mechanism 20, the screw sleeve 201 of vacuum exhaust section is provided with a vacuum pumping hole 205, and vacuum pumping hole 205 connects pumped vacuum systems.The screw sleeve 201 of melt zone is terminal through pipeline connection fondant filter 206, and the melt after filtering through fondant filter 206 is used for polymerization or direct fabrics.
In the foregoing description, the aperture of fondant filter 206 is 40～50 μ m.
As shown in Figure 1, the method that adopts the utility model to prepare polyester fondant may further comprise the steps:
1) with (limiting viscosity 0.57dL/g) after the pure terylene textiles fragmentation of clean dry speed input feeding bin 101 with 300Kg/h; Material is forced evenly with material feeding degassing fusion mechanism 20 through pressurization under the effect of drawing-in device 103 and whipping appts 104.
2) in degassing fusion mechanism 20; The rotating speed of the degassing fusion screw rod 202 in the screw sleeve 201 is 100～120r/min, preferred 100r/min, and material is in the heating of the dry exhaust district of screw sleeve 201; Under certain pressure, pass through degassing orifice 204 dry-off moisture; Temperature in this zone screw sleeve 201 is 160～200 ℃, preferred 160 ℃, accomplishes the dry degassing to material;
3) material gets into melting zone: the melt zone temperature is 265 ℃; Vacuum exhaust section temperature is 265 ℃, and under the effect of vacuum system, vacuum tightness remains on 200～300Pa, preferred 200Pa, and the thermal destruction of melt controls to minimum; The transition section temperature is 270 ℃; Mixing metering zone temperature is 275 ℃.After melting zone is accomplished fusion to material, mixing and metering, after melt is sent into fondant filter 206 and filtered, get into next process, supply polymerization or direct fabrics.
Polyester fondant through the utility model device preparation detects through sampling, and its limiting viscosity reaches 0.53dL/g, compares with viscosity 0.43dL/g behind the polyester fabric granule, and viscosity drop is very low, and is functional.
In the aforesaid method, can pure terylene textiles be chopped into surface-area is 4cm
2～5cm
2Sheet after send into feeding bin 101 again.
In the aforesaid method, drawing-in device 103 is used for the fluffy materials pressurization is sent the material equal and quantitative into screw sleeve 201, and the rotating speed of the feed screw 105 of drawing-in device 103 is 70r/min～90r/min;
In the above-mentioned method, whipping appts 104 can prevent the fluffy materials bridge formation, improves the homogeneity of charging, and stirring rake 108 rotating speeds of whipping appts 104 are 15r/min～25r/min.
Above-mentioned each embodiment only is used to explain the utility model; Wherein the structure of each parts, mode of connection etc. all can change to some extent; Every equivalents of on the basis of the utility model technical scheme, carrying out and improvement all should not got rid of outside the protection domain of the utility model.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is utilized waste and old pure terylene textiles to prepare the device of polyester fondant, it is characterized in that: it comprises forced feed mechanism and degassing fusion mechanism;
Said forced feed mechanism comprises feeding bin, and said feeding bin top is provided with material inlet, and said feeding bin is provided with drawing-in device and whipping appts; Said drawing-in device comprises a feed screw, and an end of said feed screw passes said feeding bin top and connects motor, and the other end passes the material outlet of said feeding bin bottom; Said whipping appts comprises a stirring rake, and an end of said stirring rake passes said feeding bin sidewall and connects motor, and the other end is arranged in the said feeding bin;
Said degassing fusion mechanism comprises a screw sleeve; Said screw sleeve is provided with heating unit; Be provided with a degassing fusion screw rod in the said screw sleeve; One end of said degassing fusion screw rod passes one of them end of said screw sleeve, and connects motor, and the other end of said degassing fusion screw rod is arranged on the place, the other end in the said screw sleeve; Said degassing fusion screw rod is divided into dry exhaust district and melting zone, and the said screw sleeve that is positioned at the dry exhaust district connects the said material outlet of said feeding bin bottom, and is provided with degassing orifice at the said screw sleeve end that is positioned at the dry exhaust district; The said degassing fusion screw rod that is positioned at melting zone is divided into four sections, is respectively melt zone, vacuum exhaust section, transition section and mixing metering zone; The said screw sleeve of vacuum exhaust section is provided with a vacuum pumping hole that connects pumped vacuum systems; The said screw sleeve of melt zone is terminal to connect fondant filter through pipeline.
2. as claimed in claim 1ly a kind ofly utilize waste and old pure terylene textiles to prepare the device of polyester fondant, it is characterized in that: in the said degassing fusion mechanism, the length-to-diameter ratio of said degassing fusion screw rod is 32～35; In the dry exhaust district, directly than being 0.24, length-to-diameter ratio is 7 to the groove of said degassing fusion screw rod; In the melting zone, the said degassing fusion screw rod of melt zone is provided with main thread and deputy thread, the equidistance gradual change, and length-to-diameter ratio is 14; Directly than being 0.2, length-to-diameter ratio is 3.5 to the groove of the said degassing fusion screw rod of vacuum exhaust section; The said degassing fusion screw rod equidistance gradual change of transition section, length-to-diameter ratio is 1.5; The said degassing fusion screw rod equidistance of mixing metering zone etc. are dark, and groove is directly than being 0.1, and length-to-diameter ratio is 6.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 a kind of utilizes waste and old pure terylene textiles to prepare the device of polyester fondant, and it is characterized in that: the aperture of said fondant filter is 40～50 μ m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202226324U CN202116476U (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Device utilizing wasted pure polyester textiles to prepare polyester melt |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202226324U CN202116476U (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Device utilizing wasted pure polyester textiles to prepare polyester melt |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202116476U true CN202116476U (en) | 2012-01-18 |
Family
ID=45457557
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011202226324U Expired - Lifetime CN202116476U (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2011-06-28 | Device utilizing wasted pure polyester textiles to prepare polyester melt |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202116476U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102268744A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-07 | 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 | Device and method for preparing polyester melt from waste pure polyester textiles |
| CN110144739A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2019-08-20 | 美利肯公司 | The recovery method of covered ground Tetramune comprising basic 100% polyester material |
| CN114789188A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-07-26 | 长兴力亿纺织有限公司 | Surplus material processing device of polyester fabric textile machine for placement |
-
2011
- 2011-06-28 CN CN2011202226324U patent/CN202116476U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102268744A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-12-07 | 中国人民解放军总后勤部军需装备研究所 | Device and method for preparing polyester melt from waste pure polyester textiles |
| CN110144739A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2019-08-20 | 美利肯公司 | The recovery method of covered ground Tetramune comprising basic 100% polyester material |
| US11673291B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2023-06-13 | Milliken & Company | Recyclable single polymer floorcovering article |
| US11883984B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2024-01-30 | Milliken & Company | Recyclable single polymer floorcovering article |
| CN114789188A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-07-26 | 长兴力亿纺织有限公司 | Surplus material processing device of polyester fabric textile machine for placement |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120118 Effective date of abandoning: 20130417 |
|
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120118 Effective date of abandoning: 20130417 |
|
| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |