CN202102826U - Ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit - Google Patents
Ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN202102826U CN202102826U CN2011201046004U CN201120104600U CN202102826U CN 202102826 U CN202102826 U CN 202102826U CN 2011201046004 U CN2011201046004 U CN 2011201046004U CN 201120104600 U CN201120104600 U CN 201120104600U CN 202102826 U CN202102826 U CN 202102826U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit which comprises the following components: an electromagnet, a power input processing circuit, a voltage boost energy storage and feedback control circuit, and a control chip MCU circuit. External power supply V1 is transmitted to the electromagnet through the power input processing circuit and the voltage boost energy storage and feedback control circuit successively. The control chip MCU circuit outputs a voltage boost switch control signal to a voltage boost control end of the voltage boost energy storage and feedback control circuit, and inputs a feedback signal which is output from a feedback output end of the voltage boost energy storage and feedback control circuit. The ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit further comprises an undervoltage detection circuit. An input end of the undervoltage detection circuit is connected with the power input processing circuit, and an output end outputs a detection signal to the control chip MCU circuit. The ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit further comprises a power transistor driving circuit which is connected with the electromagnet. A control end of the power transistor driving circuit inputs the control signal which is output from the control chip MCU circuit. The ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit can start sucking of the electromagnet at a low voltage and can start sucking of the electromagnet under a wide voltage range of a battery. Furthermore the power consumption is ultralow.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to a kind of control circuit for electromagnet, the high efficiency control circuit for electromagnet of particularly a kind of super low-power consumption.
Background technology:
The application of electromagnet very extensively, and application all the time, electromagnet all is to be operated on specified operating voltage and the electric current, this application be the most original, the power consumption maximum and efficient minimum.
Also there is new technology to occur in the recent period; Patent documentation for example: 200810202044; Be about after the normal moment adhesive of electromagnet, utilize the little electric current of pulse-width modulation low-voltage to keep the technology of electromagnet, this techniques make use the characteristic that can little electric current after the electromagnetic actuation success keeps come work; Thereby saved the bigger electrical power consumed of using, and efficient has obtained tangible lifting.Though this technology has obtained very big progress, but still not most effective, mainly contain 2 points: the first, fail to solve from the specified input voltage aspect of supply power voltage (being input voltage) or electromagnet, still need higher voltage to start; The second, under battery powered situation, fail to solve the problem of the wide power voltage supply of battery.
The utility model content:
The purpose of the utility model solves prior art problems exactly, proposes a kind of super low-power consumption high efficiency control circuit for electromagnet.Can low-voltage start electromagnetic actuation, can under battery powered situation, start electromagnetic actuation, and power consumption be ultralow with wide-voltage range.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; The utility model proposes a kind of super low-power consumption high efficiency control circuit for electromagnet; Comprise electromagnet, power supply input processing circuit, energy storage and feedback control circuit and control chip MCU circuit boost; External power supply is transported to electromagnet through power supply input processing circuit, boost energy storage and feedback control circuit successively; Said control chip MCU circuit output boosted switch controls signal to the control end that boosts of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit, imports the feedback signal of the feedback output end output of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit.
Boost energy storage and feedback control circuit is responsible for that the low-voltage of input is carried out moment and boosted fast and store the high voltage electric energy after boosting, and makes circuit in low-voltage input power supply, can stored electric energy be provided for the electromagnet of high voltage-rated.Compare with the circuit of direct High Voltage Power Supply, reduce requirement greatly, improve the efficient of solenoid actuated the input supply power voltage.Boost energy storage and feedback control circuit to the input low-voltage boost fast and energy storage; And the result fed back to control chip MCU circuit; Control chip MCU circuit is controlled the beginning and the end of the energy storage work of boosting of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit automatically according to feedback result; Make the electromagnetic actuation instant high-voltage produce big electric current, the low voltage sustain electric current is little after the adhesive.
Also can comprise the undervoltage detection circuit of monitoring external power supply power supply situation, its input connects the power supply input processing circuit, and its output output detection signal is to control chip MCU circuit.
Control chip MCU circuit is monitored current supply power voltage through undervoltage detection circuit, adjusts the boosted switch control signal automatically, makes boost energy storage and feedback control circuit under different low inputs, all can export suitable high voltage startup electromagnet moment adhesive.Through undervoltage detection circuit is set, can not only low-voltage normally start electromagnet, and can normally start electromagnet by ELV, can under battery powered situation, normally start electromagnet with wide-voltage range, improve the driving efficient of electromagnet substantially.
Also can comprise the power transistor drive circuit that connects electromagnet; The pulse-width modulation control signal or the constant level control signal of the output of its control end input control chip MCU circuit, this control chip MCU circuit is through the adhesive or the release of said power transistor drive circuit control electromagnet.
When the adhesive of electromagnet high voltage startup, control chip MCU circuit output constant level controls signal to power transistor drive circuit, makes the moment adhesive of electromagnet high-voltage great-current.When the end of electromagnet high voltage startup, when keeping adhesive, control chip MCU circuit is according to the detection signal of undervoltage detection circuit output; Under the situation of power supply abundance; The output pulse width modulator control signal is to power transistor drive circuit, and according to the sufficient degree of power supply, regulates output pulse width automatically; Under the insufficient situation of power supply, the output constant level controls signal to power transistor drive circuit.Work of electromagnet is kept under the electric current ultralow, reduced power consumption, realize high efficiency utilization power supply.
The utility model utilizes voltage detecting feedback and MCU program to carry out the co-ordination of timesharing multimode, reduces power consumption and widens the operating on low voltage voltage range.Therefore, can realize the purpose of super low-power consumption and high efficiency DM.
The utility model is through boost energy storage and feedback control circuit, undervoltage detection circuit and specific MCU algorithm routine; Make the supply power voltage of electromagnet no longer be confined to specified input voltage range, the utility model can be applicable to the occasion of various low-voltage batteries or electronic power.The utility model is under battery powered situation; Can wide-voltage range work; Maximal efficiency ground uses the capacity of battery; Improve the useful life of battery widely, for the space has been created in the application of electromagnet on hand-held, compact apparatus, for the cause of human energy savings and the reduction of discharging of low charcoal has been made significant contribution.The utility model successful Application in actual product; Wherein typically have: can use 1 No. 5 batteries of joint and in the voltage range of 0.8V-1.5V; With the power of≤0.08W, successfully driving a rated power is the long-term operate as normal of electromagnet of 0.72W (6V/120mA).
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the circuit block diagram of the utility model most preferred embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of the utility model most preferred embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the electromagnet voltage and the time service graph of a relation of the utility model most preferred embodiment.
Embodiment:
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and most preferred embodiment the utility model is described further.
As shown in Figure 1; The utility model most preferred embodiment comprises electromagnet 6, power supply input processing circuit 1, energy storage and feedback control circuit 2, undervoltage detection circuit 4, power transistor drive circuit 3 and control chip MCU circuit 5 boost; External power supply V1 transports to electromagnet 6 through power supply input processing circuit 1, boost energy storage and feedback control circuit 2 successively; Said control chip MCU circuit 5 output boosted switch control signal to the control end CN2 that boosts of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit 2; Import the feedback signal of the feedback output end CN3 output of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit 2; The input of undervoltage detection circuit 4 connects power supply input processing circuit 1; Its output CN1 output detection signal is to control chip MCU circuit 5, and power transistor drive circuit 3 connects electromagnet 6, the pulse-width modulation control signal or the constant level control signal of 5 outputs of its control end CN4 input control chip MCU circuit.
Control chip MCU circuit 5 output boosted switch control signal to the control end CN2 that boosts of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit 2; Starting boost energy storage and 2 pairs of ultralow input voltages of feedback control circuit boosts and energy storage fast; Control chip MCU circuit 5 detects undervoltage detection circuit 4 simultaneously; According to the detection signal of its output CN1, adjust the boosted switch control signal automatically, the amplitude of boosting of energy storage and feedback control circuit 2 and energy storage thereby adjustment is boosted; Energy storage and feedback control circuit 2 result of will boosting of boosting feeds back to control chip MCU circuit 5 through feedback output end CN3; In a single day control chip MCU circuit 5 receives the feedback signal that the energy storage that boosts has reached required value, just finishes to boost energy storage work through boost energy storage and feedback control circuit 2 of the control end CN2 control of boosting, and exports the control end CN4 that constant level controls signal to power transistor drive circuit 3 simultaneously; The power controlling transistor turns starts the big electric current of instant high-voltage for electromagnet 6 provides.After time-delay a period of time, finish start-up time, and control chip MCU circuit 5 detects undervoltage detection circuit 4; To the control end CN4 of power transistor drive circuit 3 output constant level control signal or pulse-width modulation control signal,, can also regulate its pulsewidth automatically with control for pulse-width modulation control signal; To regulate the transistorized copped wave width of power; Thereby control is input to the current energy of electromagnet 6, keeps little electric current for electromagnet 6 provides, and the time-delay of holding time finishes back release magnet 6 automatically.
As shown in Figure 2, power supply input processing circuit 1 comprises current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit that is connected in series successively.Wherein: current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is a diode halfwave rectifier filter circuit, comprises rectifier diode D1 and the filter capacitor C1, the C2 that are connected its output, and voltage stabilizing circuit comprises low pressure differential voltage-stabiliser tube LDO and the filter capacitor C3, the C4 that are connected its output.External power supply V1 can be an alternating current, also can be direct current, and direct current also can be a battery; Rectifier diode D1 carries out rectification to the alternating current of input; Or the direct current of importing is carried out direct current polarity lead, output dc voltage VDD1, low pressure differential voltage-stabiliser tube LDO are responsible for stable operating on low voltage voltage VDD2 to electromagnet 6 and control chip MCU circuit 5 being provided; Filter capacitor C1-C4 realizes the filtering to power supply, promotes power quality.
As shown in Figure 2; Boost energy storage and feedback control circuit 2 comprises wire-wound inductance L 1, npn switching transistor Q2, Q3, resistance R 1, R2, rectifying tube D2, high pressure energy storage capacitor C5 and voltage detecting pipe Z1; One end of wire-wound inductance L 1 connects the output VDD2 of power supply input processing circuit 1, and the other end connects the collector electrode of npn switching transistor Q2, and the control end CN2 that boosts connects the base stage of npn switching transistor Q2 through resistance R 1; The grounded emitter of this npn switching transistor Q2; The positive pole of rectifying tube D2 connects the collector electrode of npn switching transistor Q2, and negative pole connects the end of high pressure energy storage capacitor C5, the other end ground connection of this high pressure energy storage capacitor C5; The tie point output voltage V DD3 of the negative pole of rectifying tube D2 and high pressure energy storage capacitor C5 is to electromagnet 6; Through the base stage of resistance R 2, voltage detecting pipe Z1 input npn switching transistor Q3, the collector electrode of this npn switching transistor Q3 connects feedback output end CN3, grounded emitter to this output voltage V DD3 successively.Wherein wire-wound inductance L 1, npn switching transistor Q2, resistance R 1 have been formed an inductance type booster circuit of simply doing switch drive with transistor; When boosting control end input pulse boosted switch control signal, utilized the electromagnetic conversion of inductance and the characteristic of boosting to realize quick high-tension generation; Rectifying tube D2 is then charge capacitor C 5 quick charges, output voltage V DD3 rising behind the voltage commutation that raises toward capacitor C 5; In case rise to the breakdown value of voltage detecting pipe Z1, show that high voltage is full of electricity on capacitor C 5, this moment, voltage detecting pipe Z1 punctured; Transistor Q3 saturation conduction, feedback output end CN3 output low level feedback signal, the state that will be full of electricity feeds back to control chip MCU circuit 5 through feedback output end CN3; MCU circuit 5 output low level boosted switch immediately controls signal to the control end CN2 that boosts, and transistor Q2 is ended, thereby; Close transistor Q2, output voltage V DD3 keeps low-voltage, and the energy storage end-of-job boosts.
As shown in Figure 2, power transistor drive circuit 3 comprises npn power transistor Q1 and resistance R 3, and control end CN4 is through the base stage of resistance R 3 connection npn power transistor Q1, and the collector electrode of this transistor Q1 connects electromagnet 6, grounded emitter.Control chip MCU circuit 5 output pulse width modulator control signals or constant level control signal to control end CN4; The constant level control signal comprises constant low level control signal and constant high-level control signal; Constant low level control signal control npn power transistor Q1 continues to end; Electromagnet 6 discharges, and constant high-level control signal control npn power transistor Q1 continues conducting, electromagnet 6 adhesives; Pulse-width modulation control signal control npn power transistor Q1 copped wave work, electromagnet 6 is kept adhesive.Protection diode D3 is connected in parallel on the two ends of electromagnet 6, protective transistor Q1.
As shown in Figure 2; Undervoltage detection circuit 4 comprises voltage detector VDO; Its input connects the output VDD1 of diode halfwave rectifier filter circuit; VDD1 directly monitors the power supply situation of external power supply V1, through undervoltage detection circuit 4 as the voltage detecting point; The input voltage state is fed back in the control chip MCU circuit 5 in real time, make MCU circuit 5 under wide low input scope, can start electromagnet 6 adhesives through boost energy storage and the suitable high voltage of feedback control circuit 2 outputs of the control end CN2 control of boosting; Can keep electromagnet 6 to be operated in ultralow keeping under the electric current through control end CN4 power controlling transistor driver circuit 3.
As shown in Figure 3, embodied the work relationship of electromagnet voltage V and time T.If the external power supply of embodiment is a battery; Its supply power voltage V1 can be well below the rated voltage V2 of electromagnet; And the storage driving voltage V3 after boosting is higher than the rated voltage V2 of electromagnet far away; The process of boosting the simultaneously T1 time is a dynamic instantaneous time, therefore, can realize that electromagnet stably drives work in wide-voltage range.
The T1 time period is the boost in voltage charging change procedure of capacitor C 5 in the accumulator of boosting, and the length of T1 is related to the control Real-time and Dynamic of transistor Q2 with MCU with supply power voltage V1.Detect the detection signal of voltage detector VDO output CN1 output through MCU; When supplying power in the normal voltage scope; MCU output normal burst boosted switch controls signal to the control end CN2 that boosts; Oxide-semiconductor control transistors Q2 is with normal switching frequency work, and the assurance booster circuit can be accomplished charging process in the short time at low current; When supplying power under under-voltage condition, MCU improves the output duty of ratio, and oxide-semiconductor control transistors Q2 is with the switching frequency work of adjustment, and through automatic adjustment output duty of ratio, the assurance booster circuit can be still with low current condition work in wide-voltage range.
Each operating time section T1-T4 of electromagnet is made up of the different voltages with different section; Mainly be through to the state-detection of booster voltage, the state-detection of power supply voltage; And utilized electromagnet characteristic (instant high-voltage starts the characteristic with the low-voltage maintenance); By the control flexibly in real time of MCU program, therefore, can realize that electromagnet stably drives work under the high efficiency mode of wide-voltage range, extremely low power dissipation again.
The dashed pulse of T3-T4 section has shown that power input voltage is in the normal voltage scope among Fig. 3; Control chip MCU circuit 5 real-time output pulse width modulator control signals are given the control end CN4 of power transistor Q1; With this DM; Thereby control is input to the current of electromagnet energy, has realized the function of low-power consumption work under the normal power supply state; And the solid line of T3-T4 section has shown that power input voltage is under under-voltage condition; Control chip MCU circuit 5 is directly exported high-level control signal; Rather than pulse-width modulation control signal, because only in this way could guarantee the electromagnet driven, made full use of the low-voltage area of resetting voltage Vs to under-voltage voltage V0; Therefore, can realize that electromagnet stably drives work under wide-voltage range.
The utilizability of the utility model on industry is: according to the utility model; Can make electromagnet with super low-power consumption work; And the work of ability low voltage power supply, under battery powered situation,, improve the efficient of solenoid actuated substantially with wide-voltage range work.
Claims (10)
1. super low-power consumption high efficiency control circuit for electromagnet; It is characterized in that: comprise electromagnet (6), power supply input processing circuit (1), energy storage and feedback control circuit (2) and control chip MCU circuit (5) boost; External power supply is transported to electromagnet (6) through power supply input processing circuit (1), boost energy storage and feedback control circuit (2) successively; Said control chip MCU circuit (5) output boosted switch controls signal to the control end that boosts of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit (2), imports the feedback signal of the feedback output end output of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit (2);
Boost energy storage and feedback control circuit to the input low-voltage boost fast and energy storage; And the result fed back to control chip MCU circuit; Control chip MCU circuit is controlled the beginning and the end of the energy storage work of boosting of boost energy storage and feedback control circuit automatically according to feedback result; Make the electromagnetic actuation instant high-voltage produce big electric current, the low voltage sustain electric current is little after the adhesive.
2. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: also comprise the undervoltage detection circuit (4) of monitoring external power supply power supply situation; Its input connects power supply input processing circuit (1), and its output output detection signal is to control chip MCU circuit (5).
3. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: also comprise the power transistor drive circuit (3) that connects electromagnet (6); The pulse-width modulation control signal or the constant level control signal of its control end input control chip MCU circuit (5) output, this control chip MCU circuit (5) is through the adhesive or the release of said power transistor drive circuit control electromagnet.
4. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said power supply input processing circuit (1) comprises current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit that is connected in series successively.
5. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: said current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises rectifier diode D1 and the filter capacitor C1, the C2 that are connected its output, and said voltage stabilizing circuit comprises low pressure differential voltage-stabiliser tube LDO and the filter capacitor C3, the C4 that are connected its output.
6. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said power supply input processing circuit (1) comprises current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and the voltage stabilizing circuit that is connected in series successively, and the input of said undervoltage detection circuit (4) connects the output of current rectifying and wave filtering circuit.
7. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 6; It is characterized in that: said current rectifying and wave filtering circuit comprises rectifier diode D1 and the filter capacitor C1, the C2 that are connected its output; Said voltage stabilizing circuit comprises low pressure differential voltage-stabiliser tube LDO and the filter capacitor C3, the C4 that are connected its output, and said undervoltage detection circuit (4) comprises voltage detector VDO.
8. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said undervoltage detection circuit (4) comprises voltage detector VDO.
9. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said energy storage and the feedback control circuit (2) of boosting comprises wire-wound inductance L 1, npn switching transistor Q2, Q3, resistance R 1, R2, rectifying tube D2, high pressure energy storage capacitor C5 and voltage detecting pipe Z1; One end of said wire-wound inductance L 1 connects the output of power supply input processing circuit (1); The other end connects the collector electrode of npn switching transistor Q2; The said control end that boosts connects the base stage of npn switching transistor Q2 through resistance R 1, the grounded emitter of this npn switching transistor Q2, and the positive pole of rectifying tube D2 connects the collector electrode of npn switching transistor Q2; Negative pole connects the end of high pressure energy storage capacitor C5; The other end ground connection of this high pressure energy storage capacitor C5, the tie point output voltage V DD3 of the negative pole of said rectifying tube D2 and high pressure energy storage capacitor C5 is to electromagnet (6), and this output voltage V DD3 imports the base stage of npn switching transistor Q3 successively through resistance R 2, voltage detecting pipe Z1; The collector electrode of this npn switching transistor Q3 connects feedback output end, grounded emitter;
When boosting control end input pulse boosted switch control signal, output voltage V DD3 rises, in case rise to the breakdown value of voltage detecting pipe Z1, feedback output end output low level feedback signal; When boosting control end input low level boosted switch control signal, output voltage V DD3 keeps low-voltage.
10. control circuit for electromagnet according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: said power transistor drive circuit (3) comprises npn power transistor Q1 and resistance R 3; Said control end connects the base stage of npn power transistor Q1 through resistance R 3; The collector electrode of this transistor Q1 connects electromagnet (6), grounded emitter;
When control end is imported constant high-level control signal, electromagnet (6) adhesive, when the input pulse-width modulation control signal, electromagnet (6) is kept adhesive, and when the constant low level control signal of input, electromagnet (6) discharges.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201046004U CN202102826U (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011201046004U CN202102826U (en) | 2011-04-11 | 2011-04-11 | Ultralow-power high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit |
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| CN202102826U true CN202102826U (en) | 2012-01-04 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102184807A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-09-14 | 李锦恭 | Ultralow-power-consumption and high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit |
| CN103531326A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 宁波华液机器制造有限公司 | Explosion-proof electromagnet and circuit control module thereof |
| CN107195421A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-22 | Abb股份公司 | The coil actuator applied for low pressure or middle pressure |
| CN108982044A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-11 | 西安工程大学 | A kind of exciting bank for electric power pylon modal idenlification |
-
2011
- 2011-04-11 CN CN2011201046004U patent/CN202102826U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102184807A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2011-09-14 | 李锦恭 | Ultralow-power-consumption and high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit |
| CN102184807B (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2013-07-17 | 广州国保科技有限公司 | Ultralow-power-consumption and high-efficiency electromagnet control circuit |
| CN103531326A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-22 | 宁波华液机器制造有限公司 | Explosion-proof electromagnet and circuit control module thereof |
| CN103531326B (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-12-09 | 宁波华液机器制造有限公司 | A kind of flame proof electromagnet circuit control module and flame proof electromagnet |
| CN107195421A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-22 | Abb股份公司 | The coil actuator applied for low pressure or middle pressure |
| CN108982044A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-11 | 西安工程大学 | A kind of exciting bank for electric power pylon modal idenlification |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: GUANGZHOU GUUB TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: LI JINGONG Effective date: 20121127 |
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| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 510507 GUANGZHOU, GUANGDONG PROVINCE TO: 510520 GUANGZHOU, GUANGDONG PROVINCE |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20121127 Address after: 510520 Guangdong city of Guangzhou province Tianhe District Ke Mu Lang Road No. 5 room 101-201 Patentee after: GUANGZHOU GUUB TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Address before: Two, 510507 floor, building G, Tianhe North Court, Tianhe South Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong Patentee before: Li Jingong |
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| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20120104 Effective date of abandoning: 20130717 |
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| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |