Vibration experiment with automatic pressure compensate function
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of vibration rig in environmental mechanics experimental technique field, is specifically related to a kind of device of vibration rig automatic pressure compensation, and it can effectively ensure vibration rig under water, particularly the profundal zone operate as normal.
Background technology
Electric vibration table is the converter that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.Basic functional principle will be subjected to the Amp of electromagnetic force effect in magnetic field based on current.Electric current in suffered electromagnetic force of current and the conductor, the conductor magnetic induction density in effective length and conductor magnetic field of living in magnetic field is directly proportional, and the electromagnetic force direction determines with left-hand rule.Electric vibration table thrust is: F=BLI, and B is a magnetic induction density in the formula, and L is a moving-coil coiling effective length, and I is the electric current in the moving-coil coiling.Drive coil places the air-gap of magnet, and when leading to an exchange current in drive coil, it will make work top produce corresponding alternate motion (i.e. vibration) in magnetic field.
Because the work of electric vibration table is the principle that relies on electromagnetic conversion, has determined it to carry out in air ambient, and can not be exposed in the water fully.Because normal conditions water is conductor, can have a strong impact on the operate as normal of electromagnetic conversion.If motorized stage will be worked under water, it must be sealed fully, but can cause external and internal pressure poor after the sealing, this pressure differential will produce an acting force to table top, and table top is inwardly departed from, and pressure differential increases along with the increase of the depth of water, and table top inwardly departs from big more.Motorized stage will be vibrated under water and must overcome this pressure differential earlier, and motorized stage can't be worked when pressure differential is big.Consult Fig. 1, the electric vibration table 1 that with the mesa diameter is 400mm is an example, and its integral body must be sealed in the shell body 4, and its moving-coil, especially table top portion around being tightly connected, makes the electric conductor of electric vibration table directly not contact with water through flexible seal ring 3 and shell body 4.The hydraulic pressure that this electric vibration table is carried when vibrating at 50M depth of water place is 3.14 * 20 * 20 * 5=6280kg, and so big hydraulic pressure can cause the shaking table fully can't operate as normal.
Usually the method that adopts is to charge into pressure gas in the hermetically-sealed construction of electric vibration table at present, with offset electric vibration table in deep water pressure to the acting force of table top, make jigging platform moving coil be in the center, the method can only be used for shaking table and work in the fixing depth of water, by calculating the pressure of this degree of depth, in the hermetically-sealed construction of electric vibration table, charge into the pressure gas of identical pressure, make external and internal pressure equate to guarantee the shaking table operate as normal.When working depth changes, must change the pressure of pressure gas in the hermetically-sealed construction, a pressurized air inlet can only be set on seal, connect tracheae at inlet and guide to the water surface with external change gas pressure intensity.The shaking table working depth is dark more, the difficulty big more (consulting Fig. 1) that the method realizes.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of vibration experiment with automatic pressure compensate function, it is by changing the volume of vibration rig seal chamber, making inside and outside air pressure carry out automatic compensating equalization handles, ensure the operate as normal of vibration rig in various pressure environments, thereby overcome deficiency of the prior art.
For realizing above-mentioned utility model purpose, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of vibration experiment with automatic pressure compensate function, the involving vibrations testing equipment, it is characterized in that: this pressure compensator also comprises the sealed air chamber that at least one volume can change automatically with the inside and outside pressure differential of air chamber, and described sealed air chamber is communicated with the inner chamber of vibration rig and forms a sealing system.
Preferably, described sealed air chamber comprises a housing, and described vibration rig is located in this housing, and the work top of vibration rig and housing one end flexible ring be around being tightly connected, and this housing other end is provided with mobile piston or is sealedly connected with elastic bag.
Further preferred, the described housing other end also is fixedly connected with air chamber cover, and described mobile piston or elastic bag are arranged between air chamber cover and the housing, and are distributed with an above through hole on the described air chamber cover.
Described vibration rig adopts electric vibration table, and the cable of described electric vibration table is drawn from described housing by hermetically sealed connector.
Also be provided with inflating nozzle on the described housing.
Described elastic bag adopts rubbery human body.
Described housing comprises shell body and gas chamber shell, described vibration rig is located in the shell body, the work top of described shell body one end and vibration rig is around being tightly connected, the other end and gas chamber shell one end are tightly connected, and the gas chamber shell other end is provided with mobile piston or is sealedly connected with elastic bag.
The described gas chamber shell other end also is fixedly connected with air chamber cover, and described mobile piston or elastic bag are arranged between air chamber cover and the housing, and is distributed with an above through hole on the described air chamber cover.
Described shell body and gas chamber shell junction are provided with O-ring seal.
Described gas chamber shell inner wall part and mobile piston are tightly connected by O type circle.
A kind of vibration rig pressure compensating method, it is characterized in that, this method is: the sealed air chamber that adopts at least one volume to change automatically with the inside and outside pressure differential of air chamber is communicated with the inner chamber of vibration rig and forms a sealing system, thereby in the different pressures environment, keep the balance of vibration rig inside and external pressure, ensure the vibration rig operate as normal.
As preferred embodiment, described sealed air chamber comprises a housing, described vibration rig is located in this housing, and the work top of vibration rig and housing one end flexible ring be around being tightly connected, and this housing other end is provided with mobile piston or is sealedly connected with elastic bag.
Preferred, the described housing other end also is fixedly connected with air chamber cover, and described mobile piston or elastic bag are arranged between air chamber cover and the housing, and is distributed with an above through hole on the described air chamber cover.
Described vibration rig adopts electric vibration table.
The utility model is by connecting at least one sealed air chamber on vibration rig, and the volume of sealed air chamber can be along with the change in pressure of outside, thereby can guarantee the balance of the inside and outside pressure of air chamber automatically, and then the equilibrium of the inside and outside pressure of guarantee vibration rig, but make vibration rig equal operate as normal under different pressures.
The utility model preferably adopts following two kinds of schemes:
Scheme 1: the volume-variation of aforementioned air chamber can rely on a mobile piston to finish by the shift position, when the pressure of outside during greater than the air chamber internal pressure, piston is inner mobile to air chamber, thereby gas chamber volume is reduced, pressure increases, until equating with external pressure, move by piston like this no matter be in can guarantee air chamber in the how dark water all the time inside and outside pressure equal.Otherwise when externally pressure was less than the air chamber internal pressure, piston moved outside air chamber, and the air chamber internal pressure is reduced to gradually with external pressure and equates, also can ensure that vibration rig also can normally move in environment such as low pressure.
Scheme 2: the volume-variation of aforementioned air chamber can rely on one or several rubbery human bodies to finish, and when the pressure of outside during greater than the air chamber internal pressure, rubbery human body will be compressed, thereby gas chamber volume is reduced, and pressure increases, until equating with external pressure.Like this distortion by rubbery human body no matter be in can guarantee air chamber in the how dark water all the time inside and outside pressure equal, avoided vibration rig additionally to increase thrust because of the pressure differential that will overcome the depth of water.Otherwise when externally pressure was less than the air chamber internal pressure, rubber balloon increased, and the air chamber internal pressure is reduced to gradually with external pressure and equates, also can ensure that vibration rig also can normally move in environment such as low pressure.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present utility model is: this compensation method is simple and easy to do, compensation system is simple in structure, can realize cheaply that the inside and outside air pressure of vibration rig is carried out automatic compensating equalization to be handled, and then ensure the operate as normal of vibration rig in various pressure environments.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electric vibration table of working in deep water in the prior art;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model embodiment 2;
Among the figure, each Reference numeral and indicated assembly thereof are respectively: 1, electric vibration table, 2, the moving-coil table top, 3, O-ring seal, 4, shell body, 5, gas chamber shell, 6, air chamber cover, 7, piston, 7 ', rubbery human body, 8, atmospheric air chamber, 9, O type circle, 10, inflating nozzle.
Embodiment
Consult Fig. 1, in the prior art, when shaking table is used in water environment, usually adopt a seal is installed outside electric vibration table 1, seal is made up of shell body 4, O-ring seal 3 and air chamber cover 6 ', around being tightly connected, shell body 4 other ends are connected with air chamber cover 6 ' shell body 4 one ends by O-ring seal 3 and moving-coil table top 2, and shell body 4 and air chamber cover 6 ' centre are equipped with O type circle 9 and are sealed.When vibration rig is worked in deep water, need the concrete depth of water of precognition, the degree of depth of knowing water just can get the pressure of water outlet to moving-coil table top 2, add compression gas by inner chamber with the 10 pairs of seals of inflating nozzle that are connected from water surface introducing gas piping under water, the pressure of pressure gas is equated with the pressure of depth of water position, place, thereby guarantee that moving-coil table top 2 is in normal home position and operate as normal, but this scheme is difficult for implementing (especially in deepwater environment), and in the different depth of waters or different water body, need work frequently to adjust the vibration rig internal gas pressure, very inconvenience.
Consult Fig. 2, the electric vibration table of present embodiment also is applied in the water environment, for ensureing its normal operation.Adopted the scheme that on this electric vibration table, connects a self-compensating pressure system, that is: a seal is installed outside electric vibration table 1, seal is by shell body 4, O-ring seal 3, O type circle 9 and piston 7 are formed, shell body 4 one ends by O-ring seal 3 and moving-coil table top 2 around being tightly connected, shell body 4 other ends are connected with gas chamber shell 5, shell body 4 is equipped with O-ring seal 3 with gas chamber shell 5 junctions, piston 7 is housed in the gas chamber shell 5, these gas chamber shell 5 inner wall parts and piston 7 are tightly connected by O type circle, the other end at housing 5 is equipped with air chamber cover with holes 6, and the airtight atmospheric air chamber 8 and electric vibration table 1 internal communication be made up of this gas chamber shell 5 and piston.Simultaneously, this electric vibration table system is sealed in the shell body 4.
In airtight atmospheric air chamber 8, charge into certain pressure by inflating nozzle 10, when this electric vibration table is placed water, the pressure of outside water is during greater than atmospheric air chamber 8 internal pressures, piston 7 is to atmospheric air chamber 8 inner moving, thereby make atmospheric air chamber 8 volume reducing, pressure increases, until equating by force with external sea hydraulic pressure, move by piston 7 like this, equate no matter in how dark water, can guarantee atmospheric air chamber 8 inside and outside pressure all the time.Otherwise when externally pressure was less than atmospheric air chamber 8 internal pressures, piston moved outside atmospheric air chamber 8, and atmospheric air chamber 8 internal pressures are reduced to gradually with external pressure and equate, also can ensure that vibration rig also can normally move in environment such as low pressure.
Consult Fig. 3, this electric vibration table is applied in the water environment, for ensureing its normal operation, present embodiment has adopted the scheme that connects a self-compensating pressure system on this electric vibration table, that is: a seal is installed outside electric vibration table 1, seal is by shell body 4, O-ring seal 3, O type circle 9 and rubbery human body 7 ' are formed, shell body 4 one ends by O-ring seal 3 and moving-coil table top 2 around being tightly connected, shell body 4 other ends are connected with gas chamber shell 5, in the middle of shell body 4 and the gas chamber shell 5 O type circle 9 being housed seals, gas chamber shell 5 another auspicious rubbery human bodies 7 ' that are equipped with, this gas chamber shell 5 is tightly connected by the flange circle with rubbery human body 7 ', and airtight atmospheric air chamber 8 and electric vibration table 1 internal communication is made up of this gas chamber shell 5 and rubbery human body 7 '.Simultaneously, this electric vibration table system is sealed in the shell body 4.
Further, avoid extraneous damage for protection rubbery human body 7 ', go up installation one air chamber cover 6 at rubber pneumatic bag 7 ', this air chamber cover 6 is fixedlyed connected with gas chamber shell 5.Some through holes that can distribute on the air chamber cover contact so that water enters with rubbery human body.
Charge into certain pressure by inflating nozzle 10 in airtight atmospheric air chamber 8, when this electric vibration table was placed water, the external pressure of electric vibration table was greater than the air chamber internal pressure, rubbery human body will be compressed, thereby gas chamber volume is reduced, and pressure increases, until equating with external pressure.By the distortion of rubbery human body, can guarantee that all the time the inside and outside pressure of air chamber equates, has avoided electric vibration table additionally to increase thrust because of the pressure differential that will overcome the depth of water like this no matter be in the how dark depth of water.
Illustrate as follows:
(1) when in air chamber, squeezing into original pressure 0.5kg/cm
2, because the pressure at 5 meters of the depth of water also is 0.5kg/cm
2, shaking table rubbery human body when this position is in free state, is not compressed, and consults Fig. 2.
(2) be 2kg/cm at 20 meters pressure of the depth of water
2The time, rubbery human body compression rear gas chamber pressure also is 2kg/cm
2
(3) be 5kg/cm at 50 meters pressure of the depth of water
2The time, rubbery human body is further compressed, and its air chamber pressure also is 5kg/cm
2
The above-mentioned design of mat, electric vibration table internal system pressure can be realized automatic compensation, can guarantee electric vibration table operate as normal in deep water.
Need to prove that the sealed air chamber of self-compensating pressure system of the present utility model also can adopt other structure, for example, aforementioned gas chamber shell and shell body can adopt integral structure; This gas chamber shell also can be provided with the electric vibration table split, and only need guarantee this gas chamber shell and vibration rig internal communication, and assurance gas chamber shell and vibration rig are in the environment of same external pressure and get final product.
Therefore, above embodiment can not resolve the design philosophy of the present utility model surely of exceeding.Holding the identical the knowledgeable of knowing in technical field of the present utility model can be with technical thought of the present utility model with various form improvement change, and such improvement and change are interpreted as belonging in the protection domain of the present utility model.