A kind of carrier wave and power frequency dual-channels communication device
Technical field:
The utility model relates to communication technical field, is specifically related to the twin-channel communicator of a kind of carrier wave and power frequency.
Background technology:
Power line carrier communication need not set up dedicated communication line, directly utilizes original power line resource, is widely used in low pressure resident acquiring electric energy information system.But the decay of low pressure carrier wave channel, interference and stochastic and dynamic variation have limited the lifting of carrier communication physical layer communication ability, thereby cause one or more carrier communication blind spot, can be referred to as " isolated island ".Solve " isolated island " problem, must be by other communication mode beyond the power line carrier communication.Two-way frequency communication also is to utilize power line to communicate, be to modulate descending voltage signal and ascending current signal, utilize the small distortion of electrical network power-frequency voltage and current waveform to carry a kind of non-firm power line communication technology of information at the near zero-crossing point of power-frequency voltage.With respect to power-line carrier communication, it is far away that two-way frequency communication has communication distance, transmission reliability height, characteristics such as with low cost.The more important thing is, because the modulating frequency of power frequency component is within 180~600Hz, and utilize 50Hz as carrier frequency, do not disturb mutually with the frequency range of power line carrier signal 3kHz~500kHz, transmission need not increase any extras when therefore can realize power line carrier and two kinds of signals of communication of two-way power frequency.
The utility model content:
At above-mentioned deficiency, the purpose of this utility model is, a kind of carrier wave and power frequency dual-channels communication device are provided, and is used for the down going channel construction of low pressure resident acquiring electric energy information system, improves communication reliability.
A kind of carrier wave that the utility model provides and power frequency dual-channels communication device, described device comprise carrier wave power frequency concentrator and carrier wave power frequency collector; Described carrier wave power frequency concentrator comprises main control unit, memory module, human-computer interaction module, peripheral circuit, uplink communication module and downlink communication module; Described downlink communication module comprises carrier channel and RS485 passage; Described main control unit is connected with described memory module, described human-computer interaction module, described peripheral circuit, described uplink communication module and described downlink communication module respectively; Described carrier wave power frequency collector comprises main control unit, memory cell, LCD demonstration, peripheral circuit, uplink communication module and downlink communication module; Described uplink communication module comprises infrared channel and carrier channel; Described main control unit is connected with the downlink communication module with described memory cell, described LCD demonstration, described peripheral circuit, described uplink communication module respectively;
Its improvements are, will add the power frequency passage in the described downlink communication module of described carrier wave power frequency concentrator;
The power frequency passage will be added in the described uplink communication module of described carrier wave power frequency collector.
The communicator of first preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that described power frequency passage comprises zero passage synchronous circuit and modulation-demodulation circuit.
The communicator of second preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that the main control unit of described carrier wave power frequency concentrator is an arm processor.
The communicator of the 3rd preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that the memory module of described carrier wave power frequency concentrator comprises flash memory and static memory.
The communicator of the 4th preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that the described human-computer interaction module of described carrier wave power frequency concentrator comprises that keyboard and LCD show.
The communicator of the 5th preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that described peripheral circuit comprises hardware clock, system power supply.
The communicator of the 6th preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that the described uplink communication of described carrier wave power frequency concentrator comprises GPRS passage, ethernet channel, infrared channel, RS232 passage; The described downlink communication module of described carrier wave power frequency collector comprises the RS485 passage.
The communicator of the 7th preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that the described memory module of described carrier wave power frequency concentrator, described human-computer interaction module, described peripheral circuit, described uplink communication module and described downlink communication module all are connected main control unit by chip bus; The described memory cell of described carrier wave power frequency collector, described LCD demonstration, described peripheral circuit, described uplink communication module all are connected main control unit by chip bus with described downlink communication module.
The communicator of the more preferably scheme that the utility model provides, its improvements are that the described zero passage synchronous circuit of the described power frequency passage of described carrier wave power frequency concentrator comprises voltage transformer, amplifying circuit, filter circuit, phase-shift circuit and the voltage comparator circuit that connects successively; Described modulation circuit comprises controllable silicon and the trigger protection circuit that connects successively.
The communicator of another preferred version that the utility model provides, its improvements are that the described zero passage synchronous circuit of the described power frequency passage of described carrier wave power frequency collector comprises voltage transformer, amplifying circuit, filter circuit, phase-shift circuit and the voltage comparator circuit that connects successively; Described demodulator circuit comprises current transformer, pre-amplification circuit, filter circuit and the back level amplifying circuit that connects successively.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
The utility model has improved the reliability of communication between the two by increase the power frequency passage in carrier wave concentrator and collector, can effectively solve " isolated island " problem of carrier communication.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is applied in the power line carrier schematic diagram for what the utility model provided with carrier wave power frequency concentrator and carrier wave power frequency collector;
The carrier wave power frequency concentrator structure block diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model;
The power frequency passage theory diagram of the carrier wave power frequency concentrator that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model;
The carrier wave power frequency collector structured flowchart that Fig. 4 provides for the utility model;
The power frequency passage theory diagram of the carrier wave power frequency collector that Fig. 5 provides for the utility model;
The main program flow chart of the carrier wave power frequency collector that Fig. 6 provides for the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 2 is a carrier wave power frequency concentrator structure block diagram.The carrier wave power frequency concentrator of present embodiment comprises main control unit MCU, memory module, man-machine interaction, peripheral circuit, uplink communication and downlink communication.Main control unit MCU selects the 32bit embedded system level chip based on the arm processor technology for use, supports multiple communication mode and the application of complex relay routing algorithm under the embedded OS, simultaneously power frequency component processing and detection algorithm is provided support.Memory module comprises flash memory and static memory, and flash memory is used for storage system program, electric energy data and routing iinformation, and static memory is used to store temporary variable, and for the system program operation provides internal memory, all connects MCU by chip bus.Man-machine interaction comprises that keyboard and LCD show that link to each other with MCU, wherein keyboard is the parameter that is used for manually importing various settings such as concentrator measurement point, communication port, and this locality that the LCD liquid crystal display circuit is used for concentrator running status and various parameters shows.Peripheral circuit comprises hardware clock, system power supply etc., connects MCU.Uplink communication comprises GPRS passage, ethernet channel, infrared channel, RS232 passage, and wherein GPRS and ethernet channel are used for and the communicating by letter of main website, and infrared channel is used for the data interaction with handheld device, and the RS232 serial ports is used for system debug and maintenance.Downlink communication comprises carrier channel, power frequency passage and RS485 passage, connect MCU by Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI), wherein carrier channel and power frequency passage are used to realize and the communicating by letter of carrier wave power frequency collector, the RS485 passage also can be used for realizing and the communicating by letter of carrier wave power frequency collector, perhaps is used to read the electric energy meter data.
For realizing two-way frequency communication, increase the power frequency passage at concentrator, comprise frequency communication zero passage synchronous circuit (1 in the accompanying drawing 3), downstream signal modulation circuit (2 in the accompanying drawing 3) and upward signal demodulator circuit (3 in the accompanying drawing 3), as shown in Figure 3.The zero passage synchronous circuit provides time reference for the power frequency component modulation, is made up of voltage transformer (PT), amplifying circuit, filter circuit, phase-shift circuit and voltage comparator circuit.220V power-frequency voltage signal is delivered to preamplifier and is amplified after the voltage transformer sampling, and carries out necessary phase compensation.Filter circuit adopts the second order active low-pass filter, prevents that high-frequency noise from influencing voltage comparator circuit and causing the zero crossing shakiness.90 ° of phase-shift circuit general 50Hz sinusoidal signal phase shifts after treatment produce the 50Hz square-wave signal through voltage zero-crossing comparator then, deliver to the external interrupt pin of MCU, produce the time reference of signal modulation and demodulation.Power frequency downstream signal modulation circuit mainly is made up of controllable silicon and protective circuit, realizes the modulation of power frequency downstream signal.When the frequency communication downstream signal sends; output a control signal to circuits for triggering by main control MCU; the small-power controllable silicon MOC3052 that circuits for triggering utilization band light is isolated drives the high-power silicon controlled rectifier of back; wherein also comprise the capacitance-resistance filter protective circuit, in order to prevent the voltage too fast silicon controlled false triggering that causes of rising.Power frequency upward signal demodulator circuit is made up of the A/D convertor circuit of current transformer (CT), amplifying circuit, filter circuit and MCU inside.Because frequency communication mode upward signal is realized by the modulated current waveform, therefore carrier wave power frequency concentrator need be from the current transformer outlet acquired signal of platform district transformer, through sending into MCU after the above-mentioned demodulator circuit processing, realize the demodulation of frequency communication upward signal by the coherent detection algorithm.
Fig. 4 is a carrier wave power frequency collector structured flowchart of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 4, carrier wave power frequency collector of the present utility model comprises main control unit MCU, memory cell, LCD demonstration, peripheral circuit, uplink communication module, downlink communication module.Main control unit MCU can select 32bit ARM chip for use, and stronger real-time operation disposal ability is provided.The uplink communication module comprises infrared channel, carrier channel and power frequency passage, and infrared channel is used for the local data exchange of handheld device to collector, and carrier wave and power frequency passage are used for the communication between collector and the concentrator.The downlink communication module adopts the RS485 passage, in order to finish the data acquisition to the RS485 electric energy meter.For realizing carrier communication, adopt special electric power line carrier chip ST7540.ST7540 links to each other with MCU by serial line interface, and links to each other with low-voltage power line by the coupling filter circuit, realizes the reception and the transmission of carrier signal.For realizing two-way frequency communication, increase the power frequency passage at collector, comprise frequency communication zero passage synchronous circuit (1 in the accompanying drawing 5), downstream signal demodulator circuit (2 in the accompanying drawing 5) and upward signal modulation circuit (3 in the accompanying drawing 5), as shown in Figure 5.Zero passage reaches the upward signal modulation circuit synchronously and carrier wave power frequency concentrator is similar, repeats no more.The downstream signal demodulator circuit is realized the detection of frequency communication downstream signal, is made up of preposition amplification, filtering, back level amplifying circuit.At first the signal to voltage transformer output carries out preposition amplification, sends into filter circuit then and handles.Filter circuit adopts 4 rank Bessel active band-pass filters, has optimum linear phase-frequency characteristic, band connection frequency 200~800Hz.Because bandwidth-limited circuit has been eliminated the 50Hz fundamental signal, and modulation signal and each harmonic amplitude are less, need amplify carry out the back level again through filtered signal, process the signal within the scope that the inner AD of MCU allows, send into MCU then and carry out analog-to-digital conversion, after coherent signal processing and detection algorithm processing, demodulate the frequency communication downstream signal.
Fig. 1 is applied in the power line carrier schematic diagram with carrier wave power frequency concentrator and carrier wave power frequency collector, and it is at platform district step down side power line carrier wave power frequency concentrator to be installed, and at low pressure resident electric energy meter place carrier wave power frequency collector is installed.Described carrier wave power frequency concentrator down going channel can be realized power line carrier and two kinds of communication modes of two-way power frequency.Described carrier wave power frequency concentrator receives the frequency communication upward signal by connecting A, B, C three-phase low-voltage power line transmission carrier wave and power frequency downstream signal and reception carrier upward signal by the outlet that connects distribution transformer A, B, C threephase current transformer.Carrier wave power frequency collector is installed at low pressure resident electric energy meter place, and described carrier wave power frequency collector data feedback channel can be realized power line carrier and two kinds of communication modes of two-way power frequency.Described carrier wave power frequency collector is realized the transmitting-receiving of carrier wave and two kinds of signals of communication of power frequency by connecting 220V live wire and zero line.This scheme is based on carrier wave, and power frequency is auxilliary, and both coordinate mutually, and can automatically switch.When carrier channel is unimpeded, adopt the higher relatively carrier communication mode of speed to communicate; When carrier channel is obstructed, then adopt the frequency communication mode to communicate; When two kinds of communication modes all are obstructed, solve by the transistroute technology.
Because carrier wave power frequency concentrator functional module is more, should finish and the communicating by letter of main website, also will with the collector swap data, also to control LCD simultaneously and show etc., traditional AM/BAM system has been difficult to satisfy the concentrator software designing requirement, and the embedded OS of multi-task mechanism is adopted in suggestion.The concentrator application software mainly realizes monitor task, the descending task of checking meter, uplink communication task, man-machine interaction task, route search task dispatching.Monitor task has the highest priority, is responsible for operations such as system initialization, other task run condition monitoring, hardware watchdog reset; The descending task of checking meter comprises downlink communication channel switching, Data Receiving and transmission, downlink communication protocol analysis etc.; The uplink communication task comprises that uplink communication channel is switched, the connection of communication link, data transmit-receive, uplink communication protocol analysis etc.; The man-machine interaction task is responsible for the demonstration and the setting of the information such as parameter commonly used, data and communication conditions of concentrator, and visual man-machine interface is provided; The route search task is according to corresponding networking algorithm, when carrier channel and power frequency channel lost efficacy simultaneously, searches for the feasible path of each collector and new routing information more.Multi-task mechanism by embedded OS between each task calls mutually, really realizes multithreading.Also relate to multilingual hybrid programming in software design procedure, different functional modules adopts suitable programming language to realize, takes into account code and carries out efficient and portability.
The collector function is simple relatively, adopts traditional AM/BAM system to realize that program circuit as shown in Figure 6.Collector is finished after the initialization, at first checks whether receive instruction, if instruction does not arrive, then by RS485 passage timing acquiring user electric energy meter data, returns after the storage.If receive director data, then receive data by carrier channel or power frequency passage.If relay instruction is then transmitted instruction by respective channel to other collector; If meter reading instruction then sends data to concentrator, otherwise carry out the command adapted thereto operation, last return instruction is replied.Wherein the downlink communication agreement is with reference to DL/T 645-2007 stipulations, and the uplink communication agreement is with reference to DL/T 698-2009 related communication stipulations.
Should be noted that at last: only illustrate that in conjunction with the foregoing description the technical solution of the utility model is not intended to limit.Those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: those skilled in the art can make amendment or are equal to replacement embodiment of the present utility model, but these modifications or change are all among the claim protection range that application is awaited the reply.