CN202042106U - Multifunctional suspension experimental instrument - Google Patents
Multifunctional suspension experimental instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN202042106U CN202042106U CN201120129368XU CN201120129368U CN202042106U CN 202042106 U CN202042106 U CN 202042106U CN 201120129368X U CN201120129368X U CN 201120129368XU CN 201120129368 U CN201120129368 U CN 201120129368U CN 202042106 U CN202042106 U CN 202042106U
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- multifunctional suspending
- suspension
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a multifunctional suspension experimental instrument, which consists of a multifunctional suspension experimental instrument host machine, a magnetic suspension gyro-rotor, a metal bar, a metal induction ring and a gasket plate, wherein the multifunctional suspension experimental instrument host machine is provided with a four-digit digital display ammeter, a four-digit digital display voltmeter, four numerical control keys, a function selection switch, a voltage regulating knob and a power switch; and a magnetic field coil, a large-current constant-current source and a singlechip control and amplification circuit are arranged in the multifunctional suspension experimental instrument host machine. By performing experiments on different suspensions and the relations between the suspension and current as well as between the suspension and a magnetic field with the experimental instrument, students can better understand and grasp the rules and characteristics of suspensions and electromagnetic fields. The experimental instrument has a reasonable structure and a good teaching effect, is convenient to operate, and is suitable for teaching experiments and demonstrations of courses such as physics, electromagnetics and the like in schools of different grades.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of multifunctional suspending experiment instrument, belongs to the experiment field of the correlated curriculum such as physics, electromagnetics of school and college.
Background technology
The electromagnetic suspension technology is that current collection magnetics, electromagnetic induction technology, dynamics are the new and high technology of one, along with electronic technology, control engineering, electromagnetic theory and electromagnet material and dynamic (dynamical) development, the electromagnetic suspension technology has had very big progress, and the electromagnetic suspension technology is with a wide range of applications at aspects such as preparation and purification high-melting-points, high activity, "hot" material.
The data of aspects such as the experimental provision of electromagnetic suspension, experimental phenomena, experimental analysis is less, and the demonstration of electromagnetic suspension and experiment have bigger function and significance at aspects such as teaching, scientific research and technology application.
The utility model is realized control to big electric current constant-current supply by utilizing single-chip microcomputer, can export current with high accuracy exactly, and obtains more stable magnetic field by changing the method phase specific energy that voltage obtains different magnetic field.Simultaneously this experiment instrument has higher controllability and can easier operation and higher success ratio is arranged.Magnetic levitation can be observed and understand to experiment instrument more intuitively by the adjusting in magnetic field and the replacing of gyrorotor.
By the multifunctional suspending experiment instrument, the student can better understand and grasp electromagnetic suspension, magnetic field and electromagnetic induction principle and application, measures by the multiple relation to magnetic field, electric current, material and gravity, can grasp the characteristic of electromagnetic suspension better.This experiment is by student's finishing the suspension of unlike material and method experiment, the student is changed from passive to active, strengthen students'ability for practice, help principle and application that the student grasps electromagnetic suspension, inspire simultaneously and the interest of mobilizing students study and the creativity consciousness of cultivating the student.
The utility model content
The utility model is at the existing shortcoming of existing electromagnetic suspension, proposition combines the multifunctional suspending experiment instrument of big electric current constant current source and single-chip microcomputer control technology, can finish the experiment of multiple magnetic levitation and electromagnetic induction suspension, it is characterized in that: by multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame, the magnetic suspension wipping top rotor, metal bar, metal inductance loop and gasket plate are formed, multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame is provided with the reometer that four figures shows, the voltage table that four figures shows, four numerical control buttons, functional select switch, voltage-regulation knob and power switch are provided with field coil in the multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame, big electric current constant current source and Single-chip Controlling and amplifying circuit.Experiment instrument is by the experiment to suspension and electric current, magnetic field dependence, makes the student can better understand and grasp the rule and the characteristics of electromagnetic suspension and electromagnetic induction, can satisfy the education experiment requirement of correlated curriculums such as the electromagnetics of school and college and physics.
This experiment instrument adopts single chip computer AT 89C52 to realize control to big electric current constant current source as the control core, the constant source flowing system that control is made of operational amplifier and compound high power transistor, mainly comprise button, digital show, A/D sampling and D/A control, have simultaneously that programming is easy, interface simple, the characteristics of miniaturization.Single-chip microcomputer in the experiment instrument main frame forms the corresponding digital output quantity by computing, again through D/A converter output control signal corresponding, make constant current source when 20～4000 mA output currents, the output current error can realize the accurate adjusting to the output of constant current source electric current less than 1mA.Digital control scheme is to adopt the button input mode, removes to be provided with required current value with different step values, and is shown by the digital mode of LED.
The driving circuit of constant current source adopts amplifier LF353, and LF353 is the high speed amplifier of a kind of band inner fine setting input deviation voltage technology (BI-FET II technology); Its input impedance height, and have high conversion ratio, low in energy consumption.For reaching big electric current output, increased the powerful NPN type Darlington composite pipe circuit of forming by Q1, Q2 at the constant current source output terminal simultaneously.
The design adopts free-standing keyboard, and promptly the I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer directly links to each other with button.Being set to of four buttons: menu key MENU, options button SEL, numerical value increases key UP and numerical value reduces key DOWN.Can control and regulate required size of current by button.
The utility model is when utilizing single-chip microcomputer to realize the output of big electric current constant-current supply, and the combined function selector switch also has the interchange output of direct different voltages, to be used for the electromagnetic induction suspension experiment.
Field coil places experiment instrument main frame top, and the deck plate subscript of its top is marked with the scale mark of magnetic field center position, has horizontal bubble instrument, the level that is used to regulate experiment instrument on the deck plate simultaneously.
The metal bar that this experiment instrument adopted has soft iron, iron, three kinds of materials of fine copper; The metal inductance loop that is adopted has fine copper, aluminium, three kinds of materials of iron, and different radiuses is arranged.The experiment and the replacing of the metal bar by unlike material more can be understood and grasped in electromagnetic induction the magnetization of unlike material clearly.And electromagnetic induction and physical concepts such as magnetization, Amp are grasped in the suspension of the metal inductance loop by unlike material and radius experiment.
The magnetic suspension wipping top rotor that experiment instrument adopted simultaneously has the different plurality of specifications of big or small weight, and conveniently to carry out the experiment and the contrast of different acting forces, gyrorotor is built-in with ndfeb magnet simultaneously.Experiment instrument has also adopted gasket plate, and the gasket plate that adopts is made by transparent plastic material, and the frosted processing has been carried out on the surface, helps the stable rotation of gyrorotor, and is marked with the center scale mark at the gasket plate subscript.
Four height-adjustable feets have been adopted in the main frame bottom of this experiment instrument, in conjunction with the horizontal bubble instrument on the deck plate, the level that is used to regulate experiment instrument.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame.1 is the field coil on main frame top among Fig. 1, the 2nd, magnetic field center position scale line, the 3rd, shrinkage pool, the 4th, horizontal bubble instrument, the 5th, four figures shows reometer, 6 is four numerical control buttons, the 7th, four figures shows voltage table, and the 8th, functional select switch, the 9th, voltage-regulation knob, the 10th, height-adjustable feet, the 11st, power switch, the 12nd, power supply indication LED.
Fig. 2 is gasket plate and gyrorotor synoptic diagram.Wherein 13 is gasket plate, the 14th, and center scale mark, 15 magnetic suspension wipping top rotors, the 16th, gyrorotor rotary handle.
Fig. 3 is metal bar and metal inductance loop synoptic diagram.Wherein 17 is metal bars, the 18th, and the metal inductance loop.
Fig. 4 is the constant source flowing system composition diagram.
Fig. 5 is constant current source output circuit figure.
Embodiment
At first should experimentize in the experiment horizontal adjustment of instrument is regulated feet in conjunction with the height of multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame bottom, and the bubble of regulating in the horizontal bubble instrument on the experiment table top is placed in the middle.
When doing basic magnetic suspension experiment, the different a plurality of gyrorotors of big or small weight are arranged, when having only gyrorotor in the vertical direction stress balance, it could aloft suspend, so corresponding should have different magnetic field repulsive forces.Gasket plate is placed on the deck plate of level during experiment, and should have the object of disturbing magnetic field around guaranteeing, gasket plate is aimed at the scale center of deck plate.The lower end of gyrorotor gently is pressed in the center of transparent panel, keeps the verticality with deck plate, rotary handle makes gyrorotor in the center of gasket plate stable rotation.
Gyrorotor is after the stable rotation in the center of gasket plate, gasket plate is up promoted, make the gyrorotor plate of being forced off the table slowly, when gasket plate reaches a suitable height, when the repulsive force that gravity that rotor is downward and magnetic field make progress equated, it will break away from gasket plate automatically and be suspended in aerial rotation.
When in operating process, selecting different gyrorotors for use, when gyrorotor is too light, in the process that transparent gasket plate lives in to promote, because the repulsive force in magnetic field is greater than the gravity of gyrorotor, gyrorotor can be very fast bullet from gasket plate, position, off center and can't reach stable suspended state.Otherwise when gyrorotor was laid particular stress on, in the process that gasket plate live in to promote, because the gravity of gyrorotor is greater than the repulsive force in magnetic field, gyrorotor can rotate on gasket plate and skid, and can't break away from gasket plate automatically and reach stable suspended state.
After changing different gyrorotors each time, because the difference of rotor gravity, required magnetic field repulsive force is also different, therefore should accurately regulate the electric current in the field coil, so that corresponding repulsive force to be provided, electric current when noting stable suspersion simultaneously, the relation of research gyrorotor gravity and magnetic field and electric current, and make image.
When doing electromagnetic induction suspension, the metal bar of unlike material is put into the shrinkage pool of surface plate, be inserted in the metal inductance loop, after the energising, supply voltage is progressively heightened, because the effect of electromagnetic force, the metal inductance loop upwards floats, and is in suspended state.
In the experiment, the metal bar that can study unlike material is because the different phenomenon that difference showed of the magnetization, relatively and be recorded under the situation of different metal bar materials the difference that identical metal inductance loop is showed.Can study the suspension of aluminium ring, copper ring and the absorption of iron hoop in the experiment simultaneously, combined function selector switch and voltage-regulation knob, increase output voltage gradually, can study the size of electromagnetic induction, the difference that the identical material metal inductance loop of research different radii is showed.Understand the influence of the density, resistance of the metal inductance loop of unlike material, and observe the jumping ring of aluminium ring, copper ring electromagnetic induction.Observe and record data in the experiment, fill up a form, and make the U-H image.
Utilize this experiment instrument in experiment, also can carry out dicyclo experiment, the resonance laboratory that encircles.Lead-in groove pipe in experiment inserts light emitting diode, then can observe the luminous of light emitting diode, the direct feel electromagnetic induction.
Claims (8)
1. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument, it is characterized in that: by multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame, magnetic suspension wipping top rotor (15), metal bar (17), metal inductance loop (18) and gasket plate (13) are formed, multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame is provided with the reometer (5) that four figures shows, the voltage table (7) that four figures shows, four numerical control buttons (6), functional select switch (8), voltage-regulation knob (9) and power switch (11) are provided with field coil in the multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame, big electric current constant current source and Single-chip Controlling and amplifying circuit.
2. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: field coil places experiment instrument main frame top, the deck plate center of its top is useful on the shrinkage pool (3) of placing metal bar, the deck plate subscript is marked with the scale mark (2) of magnetic field center position, has horizontal bubble instrument (4) on the deck plate.
3. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the single-chip microcomputer model that is adopted in the multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame is AT89C52.
4. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the constant current source amplifier chip that is adopted in the multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame is LF353, and has high-power NPN type Darlington composite pipe circuit at output terminal.
5. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the magnetic suspension wipping top rotor (15) that is adopted has the different plurality of specifications of big or small weight, the built-in ndfeb magnet of gyrorotor.
6. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the metal bar that is adopted (17) has soft iron, iron, three kinds of materials of fine copper; The metal inductance loop (18) that is adopted has fine copper, aluminium, three kinds of materials of iron, and different radiuses is arranged.
7. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the gasket plate that adopts (13) make by transparent plastic material, surperficial frosted is handled, and mark has center scale mark (14).
8. multifunctional suspending experiment instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that: four height-adjustable feets (10) are arranged at multifunctional suspending experiment instrument main frame bottom.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120129368XU CN202042106U (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Multifunctional suspension experimental instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120129368XU CN202042106U (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Multifunctional suspension experimental instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202042106U true CN202042106U (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201120129368XU Expired - Fee Related CN202042106U (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2011-04-28 | Multifunctional suspension experimental instrument |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN202042106U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103489358A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 北京天路时代电气设备有限责任公司 | Magnetic suspension experimental setup |
| CN105913733A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-31 | 西北工业大学 | Magnetic-liquid mixed suspended general experiment platform structure |
-
2011
- 2011-04-28 CN CN201120129368XU patent/CN202042106U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103489358A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 北京天路时代电气设备有限责任公司 | Magnetic suspension experimental setup |
| CN105913733A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2016-08-31 | 西北工业大学 | Magnetic-liquid mixed suspended general experiment platform structure |
| CN105913733B (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2018-07-24 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of magnetic liquid mix suspending Experiment Platform structure |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20111116 Termination date: 20140428 |