CN202033458U - Device for detecting motor electromechanical time constant - Google Patents
Device for detecting motor electromechanical time constant Download PDFInfo
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- CN202033458U CN202033458U CN2010205027277U CN201020502727U CN202033458U CN 202033458 U CN202033458 U CN 202033458U CN 2010205027277 U CN2010205027277 U CN 2010205027277U CN 201020502727 U CN201020502727 U CN 201020502727U CN 202033458 U CN202033458 U CN 202033458U
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- time constant
- motor
- photoelectric encoder
- interface circuit
- electromechanical time
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a device for detecting a motor electromechanical time constant, comprising an input unit, an interface circuit, a liquid crystal screen, a printer, a memory and a processor. The device is characterized in that the device also comprises a photoelectric encoder which transits mechanical rotating speed of a detected motor into electric impulse signals, the processor is respectively connected with the liquid crystal screen, the printer, the memory, the input unit and the interface circuit via circuit connections, and the interface circuit is connected with the photoelectric encoder. The device solves the problem that an electrical time constant is neglected in the electromechanical time constant, guaranteeing that the detected electromechanical time constant is more precise.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of device of testing of electric motors performance, particularly discloses a kind of motor electromechanical time constant pick-up unit, belongs to the motor performance field tests.
Background technology
Electromechanical time constant is meant servomotor under unloaded and rated excitation condition, the nominal control volatge of step in addition, and rotating speed is from the zero 63.2% required time that is raised to no-load speed.Usually, electromechanical time constant is meant the mechanical time constant of this motor.According to standard code, the measuring machine electrical time constant is to be added to motor with rated voltage, and motor is rotated.Voltage adds motor coil, because the electric capacity of resistance, inductance and distribution is arranged in the motor, makes its electric current consequently reach stationary value through a transient process.An electrical time constant is just arranged in the middle of this, but motor in starting process, mechanical time constant and electrical time constant are interweaved together.Generally speaking, the electrical time constant of motor is compared with mechanical time constant and is not very big, and ignores electrical time constant often, and the process of motor starting is thought to have only an independent process, promptly be the transient process of machinery, thereby stipulate out the electromechanical time constant notion.Therefore, the whole bag of tricks of measuring machine electrical time constant will obtain motor rotating speed---time curve during starting under no load under step voltage exactly.
The method of testing of motor electromechanical time constant is a lot, and " potentiometric method " and " current method " is the method that generally adopts.
Potentiometric method is tested motor coaxle band tech-generator, should be as far as possible little by the load that tech-generator increased.Motor zero load during test, first in addition rated excitation voltage, then specified armature voltage phase step type is added the armature two ends, with the waveform of oscillograph picked-up tech-generator electromotive force with rotation speed change, ask for corresponding armature rotating speed from oscillogram and accelerate to 63.2% required time of stablizing no-load speed from zero, and the influence of tech-generator armature moment of inertia is revised.
Current method is to seal in the suitable also available range suitable current of sampling resistor R(table internal resistance to replace in by the armature circuit of measured motor), sampling resistor should be as far as possible little to the influence of armature circuit resistance.Motor zero load during test, first in addition rated excitation voltage, then specified armature voltage phase step type is added the armature circuit two ends that string has sampling resistor, fall (being proportional to armature supply) waveform with oscillograph picked-up sampling resistor both end voltage, ask for corresponding armature rotating speed from oscillogram and accelerate to 63.2% required time of stablizing no-load speed from zero with rotation speed change.
More than two kinds of methods all be unusable on the alternating current generator and test, and because make that the result who tests not is very accurate under the inductance of motor itself, situation that resistance all exists, electrical time constant can't be measured by these two kinds of methods especially.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model solves the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, and discloses all spendable motor electromechanical time constant of a kind of AC and DC motor pick-up unit, and it is a kind of measuring accuracy height, motor electromechanical time constant pick-up unit easy to use.
The utility model is achieved in that a kind of motor electromechanical time constant pick-up unit, comprise input equipment, interface circuit, liquid crystal display, printer, storer and processor, it is characterized in that: also comprise photoelectric encoder, described photoelectric encoder will be converted to electric impulse signal by the mechanical separator speed of measured motor, described processor is connected with liquid crystal display, printer, storer, input equipment and interface circuit respectively, and described interface circuit is connected with photoelectric encoder.Described processor is one and comprises the processor that calculates motor electromechanical time constant transaction module, it receives the user instruction by the input equipment input, control liquid crystal display and printer output, control detection begin to stop, gathering photoelectric encoder motor speed data, computing, store test results to storer, and test result is sent to host computer with report form.Described liquid crystal display shows maximum speed, electromechanical time constant, detection time and information; Printer prints testing result and detection time; The each testing result of memory stores; Interface circuit is controlled tested electric motor starting, and the electric impulse signal of photoelectric encoder is passed to processor.Described photoelectric encoder comprises following components and parts: light source, lens, grating dish, lens, light activated element and amplifier, described grating dish is arranged on the machine shaft, and the light path transmission that the mechanical signal of motor speed is formed by said elements obtains electric impulse signal.
It is 360 ° that rotor whenever rotates a circle, and a week is divided into the n five equilibrium, each part Δ θ=360 °/n, and each part time is Δ t
n, when n was enough big, every part angle was more little, in the scope that precision allows, thought in each part it all is at the uniform velocity, then angular velocity v
n=Δ θ/Δ t
n, Δ θ is constant, segmentation many more are more near actual value.
The just rotor rotation speed change that object provides must change into the signal that processor can be discerned to rotating speed.Therefore select photoelectric encoder for use, it is a kind of sensor that the geometry of machinery displacement on the output shaft is converted to pulse or digital quantity by opto-electronic conversion.It is made up of grating dish and photoelectric detection system.The grating dish is to open several slots on the plectane of certain diameter five equilibrium, and what the material of garden plate adopted is the plastics sections.So make the photoelectric encoder detent torque less than
, the axle moment of inertia only is
, therefore with respect to being ignored fully by measured motor.Because photoelectric code disk is coaxial with motor, during the motor rotation, grating dish and motor are with the speed rotation, and the pick-up unit of forming through electronic components such as light emitting diodes detects the some pulse signals of output.By transforming, the variation of motor speed is changed into the variation of exporting pulse, just analog quantity is varied to digital quantity, processor just can be discerned.
Suppose that the motor rated speed is 10000r/min, be 6ms/r, if divide 100 equal portions photoelectric code disk, so under rated speed, each commentaries on classics of motor can sample 100 points, and each sampling interval 0.06 ms illustrates that analog quantity arrives the digital quantity error at 0.1 Millisecond so, can improve the precision of analog quantity as requested to the code-disc segmentation to digital quantity.Suppose that motor is exactly rated speed from the beginning, to 100ms 1666 sampled points are arranged at most, to 200ms 3333 sampled points are arranged at most, in fact because speed slowly increases, to final stable, sampled point is than many with what lack under the rated speed situation.Sampled point also will comprise some points that reach after the rated speed, by finding out stable point, returns the point of looking for rated speed 63.2% again, again the time before this sampled point is added up, and be exactly time constant.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the utility model has solved the electrical time constant problem of ignoring in the electromechanical time constant, makes that the electromechanical time constant that detects is more accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the utility model structured flowchart.
Fig. 2 is the photoelectric encoder principle schematic.
Fig. 3 is angular velocity and the curve map of time in the electric motor starting process.
Fig. 4 is the sampling routine process flow diagram of the utility model pick-up unit.
Among the figure: 1, light source; 2, lens; 3, grating dish; 4, lens; 5, light activated element; 6, amplifier;
7, electric impulse signal; 8, machine shaft; 9, rated speed; 10,63.2% rated speed; 11, sample range; 12, electromechanical time constant; 13, the time of every equal portions angular turn.
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1, the utility model is made up of processor, input equipment, liquid crystal display, printer, storer, interface circuit, photoelectric encoder etc.
Processor receives the user instruction by the input equipment input, control liquid crystal display and printer output, and control detection begins to stop, and image data, computing, store test results send to host computer with test result with report form to storer.Liquid crystal display shows maximum speed, electromechanical time constant, detection time and information.Printer prints testing result and detection time.The each testing result of memory stores.Photoelectric encoder changes into electric impulse signal with tested electromechanics rotating speed.Interface circuit is controlled tested electric motor starting and the electric impulse signal of photoelectric encoder output is passed to processor.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 2, photoelectric encoder comprises following components and parts: light source 1, lens 2, grating dish 3, lens 4, light activated element 5 and amplifier 6.The grating dish is arranged on the machine shaft 8, and the light path transmission that the mechanical signal of motor speed is formed by said elements obtains electric impulse signal 7.
Shown in 3 and 4, the t axle is the time, the ms of unit, v with reference to the accompanying drawings
nAxle is an angular velocity, the rad/s of unit.Smooth curve is the angular velocity of reality and the curve of time correspondence, and the figure that rectangle is formed is that conceptual design obtains, and the wide of each rectangle is Δ t
n13, if as can be seen rectangle get enough little, just can be infinitely near actual curve, the width of rectangle is subjected to the influence of Δ θ, θ is more little for Δ, the width of rectangle is more little, Δ t
n13 is more little, and the figure that rectangle is formed is more near actual curve, and precision is high more.When photoelectric code disk was divided into 100 equal portions, the angle of each five equilibrium was Δ θ=3.6 °, and the corresponding time of every five equilibrium is Δ t
n13, i.e. angular velocity v
n=Δ θ/Δ t
n, Δ θ is a constant, variable is Δ t
n13.
Obtain rated speed V
0: each Δ t
n13 all note, by comparing angular velocity v
nFind rated speed, relatively angular velocity v
nCan pass through difference algorithm Δ v=v
n-v
N-1, last Δ v trends towards zero, by relatively obtaining rated speed V
09.
Obtain electromechanical time constant 12: calculate V
09 63.2% speed V
110, work as v
n=V
1The time can find the sampled point of asking, the time addition of this front is got electromechanical time constant=Δ t
1+ Δ t
2+ ... Δ t
nThis method advantage is that sampling is two processes with computing, and the time of calculating process consumption does not influence the result.
The machine cycle of current single-chip microcomputer can be accomplished a clock period, selects for use suitable crystal oscillator can reach 0.1 microsecond.After photoelectric encoder became electric impulse signal to the speed mechanical signal transition of motor, the electric impulse signal of output was to successively decrease in the cycle.When the output electric pulse signal jumped to low level by high level, count pulse began counting, when next pulse jumps to low level by high level, stopped to count and a number n of counting
1Store, begin counting after the counter O reset again, when next pulse jumps to low level by high level, stop to count and the number n of counting
2Store, begin counting after the counter O reset again.The counting number of corresponding sampled point is preserved in circulation so always.Δ t
n=n
n* 0.1 μ s considers that the time that the computing sampling routine is consumed is T, the time Δ t of in fact each sampling
N1=n
n* 0.1 μ s+T, the order of magnitude of T are the microsecond level.In order to improve degree of accuracy, when designing program, sampling routine and operation program are separated, the time of operation program consumption there is not influence to the result like this, so can be as accurate as the microsecond level.
Carry out system initialization after the start of the utility model pick-up unit.After the user assigned sign on, pick-up unit was controlled tested electric motor starting, image data, deal with data, result of calculation, storage testing result, demonstration and printing testing result automatically, control is stopped by measured motor.
Claims (2)
1. motor electromechanical time constant pick-up unit, comprise input equipment, interface circuit, liquid crystal display, printer, storer and processor, it is characterized in that: also comprise photoelectric encoder, described photoelectric encoder will be converted to electric impulse signal by the mechanical separator speed of measured motor, described processor is connected with liquid crystal display, printer, storer, input equipment and interface circuit respectively, and described interface circuit is connected with photoelectric encoder.
2. according to the described a kind of motor electromechanical time constant pick-up unit of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described photoelectric encoder comprises following components and parts: light source, lens, grating dish, lens, light activated element and amplifier, described grating dish is arranged on the machine shaft, and the light path transmission that the mechanical signal of motor speed is formed by said elements obtains electric impulse signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205027277U CN202033458U (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2010-08-24 | Device for detecting motor electromechanical time constant |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205027277U CN202033458U (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2010-08-24 | Device for detecting motor electromechanical time constant |
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| CN202033458U true CN202033458U (en) | 2011-11-09 |
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| CN2010205027277U Expired - Fee Related CN202033458U (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2010-08-24 | Device for detecting motor electromechanical time constant |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103424694A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-12-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Monitoring device and monitoring method of stepping motor |
| CN103576090A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-12 | 宝鸡航天华科机电工业有限公司 | Servo motor electromechanical time constant testing method and tester |
| CN103675680A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 南车株洲电机有限公司 | Detector and detection method for locomotive motor optical-electricity encoder |
| CN105181991A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 成都川睿科技有限公司 | Engine speed measurement system |
| CN110646730A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Method for estimating electromechanical time constant of motor |
-
2010
- 2010-08-24 CN CN2010205027277U patent/CN202033458U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103424694A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-12-04 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Monitoring device and monitoring method of stepping motor |
| CN103424694B (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2016-03-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | The monitoring device of stepper motor and monitoring method |
| CN103576090A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-02-12 | 宝鸡航天华科机电工业有限公司 | Servo motor electromechanical time constant testing method and tester |
| CN103576090B (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2015-12-30 | 陕西航天导航设备有限公司 | Servo motor electromechanical time constant method of testing and tester |
| CN103675680A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 南车株洲电机有限公司 | Detector and detection method for locomotive motor optical-electricity encoder |
| CN103675680B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2016-03-02 | 南车株洲电机有限公司 | A kind of locomotive motor optical-electricity encoder detector and detection method |
| CN105181991A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 成都川睿科技有限公司 | Engine speed measurement system |
| CN110646730A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Method for estimating electromechanical time constant of motor |
| CN110646730B (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2022-04-12 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | Method for estimating electromechanical time constant of motor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| ASS | Succession or assignment of patent right |
Owner name: SHANGHAI TANG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI INSTRUMENT RESEARCH INSTITUTE Effective date: 20130717 |
|
| C41 | Transfer of patent application or patent right or utility model | ||
| COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 200082 YANGPU, SHANGHAI TO: 201401 FENGXIAN, SHANGHAI |
|
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20130717 Address after: Fengxian District Xidu town Shanghai city 201401 Hing Road No. 225 Patentee after: SHANGHAI TANG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Address before: 200082 No. 214, Longjiang Road, Shanghai, Yangpu District Patentee before: Shanghai Instrument Research Institute |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20111109 Termination date: 20170824 |