CN202027699U

CN202027699U - A pedicle screw

Info

Publication number: CN202027699U
Application number: CN2011200266721U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邱勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-01-26
Filing date: 2011-01-26
Publication date: 2011-11-09
Anticipated expiration: 2021-01-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pedicle screw, which comprises a screw body and a screw seat. The upper portion of the screw body is provided with a cylindrical body, which has a cross section shaped as a first arch with a radian greater than or equal to 180 degrees; the lower portion of the screw seat is provided with a cavity, which has a cross section shaped as a second arch with the radian granter than 180 degrees; a peripheral surface of the cylindrical body is matched with an internal wall surface of the cavity in a rotary manner; the threaded portion of the lower portion of the screw body passes through and protrudes out of the lower opening of the cavity; and a diameter of the screw body located at the lower opening is less than a width of the lower opening. The pedicle screw provided by the utility model possesses corresponding flexibility during operations and is capable of reducing loss of reduction after operations.

Description

A kind of pedicle nail

Technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of spinal operation equipment, relates in particular to a kind of pedicle nail.

Background technology

Have the history of decades by the mode operative treatment deformity of spine of internal fixation of spine technology; Adopt the internal fixation of spine technology so far the eighties in 20th century from China, from initial Harrington (Ha Shi rod) technology to the Luque vertebral plate of the seventies under fixation with steel wire, arrive the CD internal fixation system again, the internal fixation of spine technology has obtained very big progress.In recent years, along with the development of spinal biomechanics research and material science, to such an extent as to the internal fixation of spine technology has obtained extensive use in operative treatments such as spinal column degenerative disease, tumor of spine, the infection of wound spinal column.

The apparatus that the internal fixation of spine technology is used comprises pedicle nail and rod.Pedicle nail comprises nail seat and nail body, and in the implantable spinal column of nail body, the nail seat is provided with U type groove, and rod can be inserted in the U type groove of pedicle of vertebral arch ailing seat.When carrying out the internal fixation of spine technology, select suitable pedicle nail earlier, the nail body of pedicle nail is implanted in the spinal column; Utilize suitable rod again, it is inserted in the nail seat of pedicle nail in the U type groove, bend rod again, revolve rod, strut, operation such as pressurization, realize backbone correcting is resetted.After operation, lose in order to prevent to reset, by on nail seat, be provided with suitable screw thread and with the locking nut of threaded engagement, rod and pedicle nail are maintained fixed.

The normal pedicle nail that uses mainly contains two kinds in the prior art, and a kind of is the fixed angle pedicle nail, and another kind is the multiaxis pedicle nail.

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fixed angle pedicle nail in the prior art.

As shown in FIG., the fixed angle pedicle nail comprises nail seat and nail body, and the two is fixed as an overall structure; Nail body bottom has threaded area 3, and nail seat top is provided with the U-lag 1 that is used to hold rod, and the sidewall along groove above U-lag 1 is provided with screw thread 2, and this screw thread 2 cooperates and rod can be locked with suitable locking nut.In operation process, implant pedicle nail and carry out orthopedic reset wait operation the time, the position maintenance relative fixed of nail body and nail seat.

The multiaxis pedicle nail comprises nail seat and nail body, and the nail seat is provided with and is used for the female thread that cooperates with locking nut, and same, nail seat top is provided with and is used to hold excellent U type groove.The bottom of nail seat adopts the ball-joint structure to be connected with the top of nail body; With respect to the nail seat, the nail body can be in a plurality of direction rotations, and therefore, the multiaxis pedicle nail also is universal pedicle nail.

In operation process, implanting and carrying out the pressure bar operation has certain requirement to the nail body of pedicle nail and the motility of nail seat, and will prevent to reset to lose after operation, then requires the nail seat of pedicle nail and nail body to keep relative stability.

Lose though the fixed angle pedicle nail can reduce postoperative resetting, when undergoing surgery process,, can not rotate relatively owing to be maintained fixed between the nail seat of fixed angle pedicle nail and the nail body; When implanting the nail body, it is very strict to wait each step to require to the selection of entry point and nail road preparation; Revolving rod, when curved clubs is done,, often needing to cooperate a large amount of apparatuses, thereby causing very difficulty of pedicle nail implantation and reset operation in order smoothly rod to be implanted and moulding physiological curve to the patient.

Because the nail body of multiaxis pedicle nail and nail seat can rotate in that a plurality of directions are relative, and be more convenient in implantation and reset operation process; But because can not fixed-direction and angle, the nail seat with follow closely body and on perpendicular to the direction of spine axis, also can rotate relatively, and then after operation, cause easily to reset and lose.

Therefore, providing a kind of respective flexibility that has in operation process, can reduce the pedicle nail that resets and lose after operation, is the technical problem of the required solution of those skilled in the art.

The utility model content

Therefore, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of pedicle nail, and this pedicle nail not only has respective flexibility in operation process, can also reduce to reset after operation and lose.

For achieving the above object, the pedicle nail that this utility model provides comprises nail body and nail seat, and the top of described nail body has column, and the shape of cross section of this column is that radian is greater than or equal to the first arc of 180 degree; The bottom of described nail seat is provided with cavity volume, and what the shape of cross section of this cavity volume was a radian greater than 180 degree is second arc; The outer peripheral face of described column cooperates with the rotation of the internal face of described cavity, and the under shed that the threaded area of the bottom of described nail body is passed described cavity volume stretches out, and described nail body is positioned at the width of the diameter of described lower opening less than described under shed.

Optionally, the axis of described column is vertical mutually with the axis of described threaded area.

Optionally, the first arciform radian of described column is 180 degree, and the distance between the described column both ends of the surface is greater than the largest contours diameter of described threaded area.

Optionally, an end opening of described cavity volume.

Optionally, the equal opening in the two ends of described cavity volume.

Optionally, also comprise snap ring, on the inwall of an end of the opening of described cavity volume annular groove is set, described snap ring matches with annular groove, and the end face of described snap ring and the end face of described column are inconsistent.

Optionally, the axis direction of the described column in inwall upper edge of an end of the opening of described cavity volume sets gradually some described annular grooves.

Optionally, the both sides of the under shed of described cavity volume have and the corresponding holding tank in the bottom of described nail body.

Optionally, a side of the under shed of described cavity volume has and the corresponding holding tank in described nail body bottom.

Optionally, the top of described column is provided with the ailing hole, and the top of described cavity volume is provided with and the corresponding through hole in described ailing hole.

The pedicle nail that this utility model provides comprises nail body and nail seat, and the top of described nail body has column, and the shape of cross section of this column is that radian is greater than or equal to the first arc of 180 degree; The bottom of described nail seat is provided with cavity volume, and what the shape of cross section of this cavity volume was a radian greater than 180 degree is second arc, and the described first arc and described second arciform radius equates; Described column is arranged in described cavity, and the under shed that the threaded area of the bottom of described nail body is passed described cavity volume stretches out, and described nail body is positioned at the width of the diameter of described lower opening less than described under shed.Above-mentioned pedicle nail is simple in structure, and first arc and the second arciform radius of cavity volume cross section of column cross section equates to realize that column and cavity volume are rotatable cooperates; The nail body is positioned at the width of the diameter of cavity volume lower opening less than the cavity volume under shed, provides the space for the nail bulk phase rotates for the nail seat.Adopt said structure, cavity volume cooperates with column can make the nail bulk phase for the axis rotation of nail seat around column, like this in the process of operation, can regulate the position relation between nail seat and the nail body easily, for implant the nail body and implant after the dress rod facilitate with operations such as revolving rod; After operation, because the nail body can only be with respect to the axis rotation of nail seat around column, on other directions of space, nail body and nail seat can keep relative fixed, can prevent from a predetermined direction to reset like this and lose, reduce the appearance of the postoperative loss situation that resets on the whole.The radian of the maximum radial cross section of column is greater than or equal to 180 degree, can avoid following closely bulk phase for the translation of nail seat; The radian of the radial cross-section of the maximum of cavity volume can provide prerequisite for the suitable angle of nail seat rotation for the nail bulk phase greater than 180 degree.

A kind of preferred embodiment in, the first arciform radian be 180 the degree, the distance between the column both ends of the surface is greater than the largest contours diameter of threaded area; The column that is about to follow closely body top is set to semicylinder, and the length of column is greater than the maximum gauge of threaded area.This structure can be when reaching this utility model purpose, and the processing of convenient nail body makes the processing technique of pedicle nail simpler.

In another preferred embodiment, the under shed both sides of cavity volume are provided with and the corresponding holding tank in nail body bottom.Holding tank can match with the shape of nail body, terminates in the holding tank when nail body is rotated, and then can increase the rotating range of nail bulk phase for the nail seat, increases the angle between two extreme positions of nail body, the motility that improves corresponding operating in the operation process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a fixed angle pedicle nail structural representation in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of specific embodiment of pedicle nail provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the nail body of pedicle nail shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the nail seat of pedicle nail shown in Figure 2;

Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of pedicle nail duty provided by the utility model;

Fig. 6 is in the pedicle nail provided by the utility model, the structural representation of snap ring;

Fig. 7 rotates to the sketch map of diverse location for the nail seat for the nail bulk phase of pedicle nail provided by the utility model;

Fig. 8 is the position view that the nail seat of pedicle nail provided by the utility model rotates with respect to the nail body.

The specific embodiment

Core of the present utility model provides a kind of pedicle nail, and this pedicle nail not only has respective flexibility in operation process, can also reduce to reset after operation and lose.

In order to make those skilled in the art person understand this utility model scheme better, the utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

Please be simultaneously in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, with reference to figure 2, Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of specific embodiment of pedicle nail provided by the utility model, and Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the nail body of pedicle nail shown in Figure 2, and Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the nail seat of pedicle nail shown in Figure 2.

Pedicle nail provided by the utility model comprises nail body 5 and nail seat 4.

The top of nail body 5 has column 51, and the shape of cross section of column 51 is first arc, and first arch roof forms cylindrical surface, and the first arc radian can equal 180 degree, also can be greater than 180 degree; The bottom of nail body 5 is a threaded area 52.In the optimal technical scheme, when the axis of the axis of column 51 and threaded area 52 is vertical mutually, also can form sharp angle between both axis.

The bottom of nail seat 4 is provided with cavity volume 41, and the cross section of cavity volume 41 also be a cylindrical surface, and the radian that forms greater than 180 spend second arc.Nail seat 4 tops are provided with U type groove, and the bearing of trend of U type groove is vertical with the centrage of the cylinder curved surface that cavity volume 41 internal faces form.In addition, same as the prior art, on the U type groove sidewall corresponding female thread 44 can be set, this female thread 44 can match with suitable locking nut.

Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of pedicle nail duty provided by the utility model.Column 51 is arranged in cavity volume 41, the structure that the first arciform radius and the second arciform radius are set to equate, the outer peripheral face of column 51 is cooperated with the internal face of cavity 41 is rotatable, nail body 5 can be rotated with respect to the axis of nail seat 4 around column 51.The under shed that the threaded area 52 of nail body 5 bottoms is passed cavity volume 41 stretches out (being reference with Fig. 5) downwards.Nail body 5 is positioned at the diameter of lower opening of cavity volume 41 less than the width a of under shed; Have corresponding gap like this between the under shed of nail body 5 and cavity volume 41, this gap can provide condition with respect to the rotation of following closely seat 4 for nail body 5; With respect to nail seat 4, nail body 5 can be rotated by the axis around column 51 in suitable scope.

In order to make column 51 keep linking to each other with nail seat 4, the shape of cross section of cavity volume 41 is set to radian second arc greater than 180 degree, can avoid following closely body 5 like this and separate with nail 4 diametrically; The purpose that the first arc radian of column 51 is not less than 180 degree is, makes nail body 5 can not carry out translation with respect to nail seat 4.Further, the first arciform radian can on radial section, make more subcylindrical of column 51 greater than 180 degree, and such structure can increase nail body 5 and nail seat 4 reliabilities that are connected.

When utilizing above-mentioned pedicle nail to perform the operation; Before operation, diameter, the length of the pedicle nail that select to be fit to as required, go into to follow closely angle etc., go into the selection and the preparation of nail road of nail point then, implant above-mentioned pedicle nail again.Compare with the pedicle nail of fixed angle, adopt above-mentioned pedicle nail, when implanting the nail body of this pedicle nail, can regulate nail seat 4 angles, make things convenient for the implantation of pedicle nail according to the operation needs with respect to nail body 5; Compare with the multiaxis pedicle nail, after operation, only can be owing to follow closely body 5 around the axis rotation of column 51, in the other direction, nail body 5 can not rotate with respect to nail seat 4, thereby can reduce the generation that resets and lose.

As shown in Figure 3, this specific embodiment, the distance between column 51 columns 51 both ends of the surface can make the maximum gauge of the length of column 51 greater than threaded area 52 greater than threaded area 52 largest contours diameters.Make between column 51 both ends of the surface and the threaded area 52 to have stand out, can utilize this stand out will follow closely body 5 like this and be connected with nail seat 4.Nail body 5 can be the combination of semicylinder and threaded area 52, so that each several part is processed respectively; Also can be structure as a whole.Add man-hour respectively, can also be provided for the recessed cross section that is connected with threaded area 52 specially, to make things convenient for fixedlying connected of column 51 and threaded area 52 in column 51 and threaded area 52 junctions.In the optimal technical scheme, the shape of cross section of column 51 is that radian is greater than or equal to the first arc of 180 degree, and making column 51 is a semicylinder, can conveniently follow closely the processing of body 5 like this, reduces the processing cost of pedicle nail.

The cavity volume 41 of nail seat 4 bottoms can be the structure of an end opening; The column 51 that can conveniently follow closely body 5 like this inserts and is installed in the cavity volume 41 from the end face of opening.Certainly, also can make cavity volume 41 be the structure of both ends open, with from arbitrary end all can be packed column 51 into cavity 41.During cavity volume 41 1 end openings or two ends equal openings, column 51 can link to each other by the snap ring location with cavity volume 41.Please refer to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is in the pedicle nail provided by the utility model, the structural representation of snap ring.As shown in FIG., snap ring 6 is for having the circulus of opening.The inwall of one end of cavity volume 41 openings is provided with annular groove 42; During installation, under shed that can be by cavity 41 is packed snap ring 6 in the annular groove 42, and snap ring 6 matches with annular groove 42; When snap ring 6 cooperated with annular groove, the part of snap ring 6 was exposed in the cavity 41, and the end face of the end face of its exposed portions serve and column 51 is inconsistent, slided with respect to nail seat 4 at the axis direction of column 51 to stop nail body 5.By the annular groove 42 that snap ring 6 is set and matches, can make nail body 5 and nail seat 4 keep relative fixed at column 51 axial directions with it.In addition,, also can suitable groove be set, perhaps directly utilize the chamfering of column 51 to cooperate 6 pairs of columns 51 of snap ring to position in the position that column 51 matches with snap ring 6 in order to increase localized stability.When cavity volume 41 when only an end is set to hatch frame, the structure that its other end can be set to seal.

In addition, can also adopt other modes to realize nail body 5 and the position of following closely seat 4 at column 51 axis directions; Such as: can column 51 be located by the mode that lock pin is set, also can adopt positioning sleeve, positioning sleeve and nail seat 4 be fixed, and positioning sleeve is stretched in the cavity 41 column 51 location, inconsistent with the end face of column 51.

According to foregoing description, those skilled in the art can also be on the inwall of an end of cavity volume 41 openings successively the axis direction along column 51 set gradually several annular grooves 42; Like this, different according to the distance between column 51 both ends of the surface of nail body 5, select suitable annular groove 42 to cooperate with snap ring, nail seat 4 is matched with different nail body 5, same nail seat 4 can be connected with the nail body 5 of different model, increase the scope of application and the adaptability of pedicle of vertebral arch ailing seat 4.

Certainly, for the scope of the rotational angle that increases pedicle nail, can on the structure of pedicle nail, improve.

Wherein preferred improved procedure is the side setting and the corresponding holding tank 43 in nail body 5 bottoms at the under shed of cavity volume 41.When holding tank 43 is set, during 5 rotations of nail body, the threaded area that can make holding tank 43 admit nail body 5, when nail body 5 rotates to extreme position, can be by 43 pairs of nails of holding tank body, 5 location.Similarly, the corresponding holding tank 43 in bottom with nail body 5 can also be set in the both sides of the under shed of cavity volume 41, holding tank 43 is set in both sides can further increase the rotating range of nail body 5 with respect to nail seat 4, improves the operating flexibility of pedicle nail.

The concrete shape of above-mentioned holding tank 43 can specifically be determined according to the structure of column 51 or threaded area 52; Such as: can be set to curved surface groove as shown in Figure 4, the holding tank 43 of concrete structures such as V-type groove, elliptical slot also can be set, as long as holding tank 43 is corresponding with nail body 5, can hold nail body 5, for nail body 5 provides corresponding space with respect to 4 rotations of nail seat, and increase the rotational angle of following closely body 5, just can realize increasing the purpose of pedicle nail motility.Select the size of suitable holding tank 43, can make nail body 5, the rotating range of following closely body 5 is controlled in the reasonable range at the preset range internal rotation, it is too small to avoid following closely body 5 rotating ranges, the operation technique inconvenience, rotating range is excessive, reduces the stability of pedicle nail easily.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, at the top of column 51 ailing hole 53 can also be set; Corresponding with ailing hole 53, be provided with through hole 45 at the top of cavity volume 41.The purpose of ailing hole 53 and through hole 45 is: when operation, suitable shaft can be inserted in the ailing hole 53 by through hole 45, so that the position of control nail body 5 and direction facilitate the carrying out of convenient operation for implanting pedicle nail.

Installation site and concrete duty to pedicle nail provided by the utility model is specifically described below.

Please refer to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, Fig. 7 is the sketch map of the nail bulk phase of pedicle nail provided by the utility model for nail seat rotation diverse location, and Fig. 8 is the position view that the nail seat of pedicle nail provided by the utility model rotates with respect to the nail body.

After implanting pedicle nail, the used rod 8 of operation is installed in the U type groove of nail seat 4, make rod 8 pass across the U type groove of nail seat 4; Female thread 44 on the U type groove sidewall on making locking nut 7 again and following closely seat 4 matches, and rod 8 and nail seat 4 are fixed together.

When carrying out the orthopedic operation that resets, revolve rod, pressure bar or other operations with revolving excellent instrument or pressure bar instrument then.Usually these operations hocket and realize orthopedic resetting.If pedicle of vertebral arch ailing seat can not be with respect to the rotation of nail body, then the plasticity to rod 8 has very high requirement, just can reach the accuracy of operation; And adopting pedicle nail provided by the utility model to adjust the angle of rod 8 and pedicle nail by adjusting nail body 5 and the position relation between the nail seat 4, this just can be providing great convenience of performing the operation, and can guarantee the accuracy of performing the operation.

As shown in Figure 7, the nail body 5 of pedicle nail can rotate with respect to nail seat 4 between A and two positions of C, position shown in the B is in conplane state for nail body 5 and nail seat 4, and the position shown in A and the C rotates to the position of limit state around column 51 axis with respect to nail seat 4 for nail body 5.But the concrete rotation amplitude of nail body 5 also depends on the fit structure of cavity volume 41 and column 51; When holding tank 43 is set, also depend on holding tank 43 concrete sizes.

Certainly, the angle of nail seat 4 also can be adjusted; As shown in Figure 8, nail seat 4 can rotate certain limit along cylindrical surface with respect to nail body 5, the space multiaxis can not occur and rotate; In the other direction, can make nail body 5 and nail seat 4 keep relative fixed like this.

More than pedicle nail provided by the utility model is described in detail.Used specific case herein principle of the present utility model and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used for helping to understand method of the present utility model and core concept thereof.Should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from this utility model principle, can also carry out some improvement and modification to this utility model, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of this utility model claim.

Claims

1. pedicle nail comprises nail body and nail seat, it is characterized in that the top of described nail body has column, and the shape of cross section of this column is that radian is greater than or equal to the first arc of 180 degree; The bottom of described nail seat is provided with cavity volume, and what the shape of cross section of this cavity volume was a radian greater than 180 degree is second arc; The outer peripheral face of described column cooperates with the rotation of the internal face of described cavity, and the under shed that the threaded area of the bottom of described nail body is passed described cavity volume stretches out, and described nail body is positioned at the width of the diameter of described lower opening less than described under shed.

2. pedicle nail according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the axis of described column is vertical mutually with the axis of described threaded area.

3. pedicle nail according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the first arciform radian of described column is 180 degree, and the distance between the described column both ends of the surface is greater than the largest contours diameter of described threaded area.

4. pedicle nail according to claim 3 is characterized in that, an end opening of described cavity volume.

5. pedicle nail according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the equal opening in the two ends of described cavity volume.

6. according to claim 4 or 5 described pedicle nails, it is characterized in that, also comprise snap ring, on the inwall of an end of the opening of described cavity volume annular groove is set, described snap ring matches with annular groove, and the end face of described snap ring and the end face of described column are inconsistent.

7. pedicle nail according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the axis direction of the described column in inwall upper edge of an end of the opening of described cavity volume sets gradually some described annular grooves.

8. pedicle nail according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the both sides of the under shed of described cavity volume have and the corresponding holding tank in the bottom of described nail body.

9. pedicle nail according to claim 1 is characterized in that, a side of the under shed of described cavity volume has and the corresponding holding tank in described nail body bottom.

10. pedicle nail according to claim 1 is characterized in that the top of described column is provided with the ailing hole, and the top of described cavity volume is provided with and the corresponding through hole in described ailing hole.