The coal master wants the ventilation fan adaptive control system
Technical field
The utility model relates to the automatic control that the coal master wants ventilation fan.Gas density, coal mine according to the coal mine main return airway want the fault of ventilation fan generation in service that the operation of main fan in mine is controlled automatically to demand, the wind speed of coal mine main return airway, the coal master of ventilation fan air quantity.Improve the reliability of mine ventilation system, satisfy " safety regulations in coal mine " requirement, reduce the energy consumption of mine main ventilator the mine ventilation condition.
Background technology
Mine ventilation is that the ground fresh air continuously is sent to the down-hole respectively with wind place (getting working face, chamber etc.), its objective is dilution and get rid of pernicious gas and mine dust, the personnel in the pit is provided required oxygen, creates good weather conditions simultaneously.Mine ventilation is to ensure one of topmost technological means of mine safety." safety regulations in coal mine " regulation: mine must adopt mechanical ventilation; Must be equipped with the main ventilation fan of two same models, an operation, one is standby; Mine must have complete and independent ventilation system, must appraise and decide mine output by actual air volume, i.e. " with the wind fixed output quota ".Can whether mine ventilation system be reasonable, to the quality of whole mine ventilation condition with ensure that mine safety production plays an important role, should reduce the ventilation expense under the prerequisite that guarantees safety in production simultaneously, make every effort to economical rationality.Ventilation fan is the capital equipment of mine ventilation system, is used for the ventilation of mine down-hole, improves the condition of work and the air quality of down-hole, guarantees Mine Safety in Production.
When the type selecting of main fan in mine, except considering the safety in colliery itself, promptly maximum numbers of working simultaneously by the down-hole, mine gas and other waste gas calculate institute's required airflow; Also considered the sustainable development in colliery, be that the requirement of expansion to air quantity constantly exploited in the colliery, not and not the matching of ventilation fan characteristic and mine ventilation characteristic, cause that main ventilation fan type selecting is bigger than normal, fan delivery is higher, capacity motor is bigger than normal, fan delivery can not be regulated automatically according to the needs of production scene, make blower fan be in the running status of " low load with strong power ", fan operation inefficiency for a long time; Existing main fan in mine generation fan bearing in service temperature is too high, blower fan current overload, blower voltage overvoltage, under-voltage, during faults such as electric power system phase shortage, can not in time find and take counter-measures such as blower fan shutdown, fan bearing and blower motor are damaged, cause than large economy and lose; Existing main fan in mine is in service can not monitor the air quantity and the wind speed of mine main return airway, can not the snap back air-supply when accidents such as, gas explosion outstanding at coal mine generation gas, coal-dust explosion need oppositely air-supply.
Summary of the invention
For the fan delivery that overcomes existing main fan in mine existence in service can not according to needs adjusting automatically, the fan bearing of production scene and blower motor be fragile, can not the snap back air-supply when needs are oppositely blown etc. problem, the utility model provides a kind of coal master to want the ventilation fan adaptive control system.This system can control automatically to the operation of main fan in mine.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is:
The coal master wants the ventilation fan adaptive control system, comprise data acquisition unit, control module, performance element, it is characterized in that: data acquisition unit comprises environmental detection set, fan trouble checkout gear, the fault-signal of detected environmental data signal and main air blower, standby fan transfers to control module, control module is used to control the operation of main air blower and standby fan, is connected with main air blower, standby fan by performance element.
Described environmental detection set comprises air quantity checkout gear and methane Concentration Measurement device.
Described performance element comprises frequency converter and contactor, and control module connects main air blower, standby fan by frequency converter, connects the air door of main air blower, standby fan by contactor.
Described control module is programmable logic controller and human-computer interaction interface.
Independently programmable logic controller is overlapped in described control module setting at least two, accepts main air blower fault-signal and all the other standby fan fault-signals respectively, and is connected with standby fan with main air blower through performance element respectively.
The utility model controller by air quantity and the start and stop of set parameter through performance element control blower fan, is controlled the switching of primary, spare blower fan according to the environment measuring signal through performance element by set parameter according to the fault detection signal of primary, spare blower fan.
The fan trouble checkout gear is arranged on the blower fan circuit.
Described air quantity checkout gear adopts aerofoil profile wind measuring device and pressure transmitter, a plurality of survey marks of the tested wind section of taking a sample, and sampling obtains the real-time air quantity of tested section, and converts air quantity to analog current by pressure transmitter and offer programmable logic controller; The methane Concentration Measurement device converts the gas density of detected main return airway to analog current by the methane Concentration Measurement instrument and offers programmable logic controller; The fan trouble checkout gear comprises checkout gears such as blower fan overload, overvoltage, under-voltage, bearing temperature, electric power system phase shortage, sends corresponding fault-signal to programmable logic controller when breaking down.
Described control module is regulated rotation speed of fan and operation conditions according to air quantity size, gas density and fault-signal that air quantity checkout gear, methane Concentration Measurement device, fan trouble checkout gear collect automatically by programmable logic controller, touch-screen, frequency converter, contactor.When the blower fan of running breaks down, can stop the fault blower fan, send failure alarm signal and automatically switch into the standby fan running.Wind speed to the mine main return airway is monitored, can the snap back air-supply when mine needs oppositely air-supply.The human-computer interaction interface of forming by programmable logic controller and touch-screen, can realize the real-time, interactive of people-machine information, operating personnel can set the required air quantity of mine, these two customer parameters of cross section diameter of mine main return airway having under the situation of cryptoguard by touch-screen; In system's running, important operational factors such as human-computer interaction interface can show the system time, system operation time, real-time air quantity, real-time gas density, the real-time wind speed of main return airway; When system broke down, the sound and light alarm on switch board, human-computer interaction interface is the corresponding malfunction of display system simultaneously also, and operating personnel also can be after fault be got rid of, by touch-screen with ann reset.
By the rational operational factor of frequency converter is set, make its control of accepting the analog signal of programmable logic controller output in the performance element that frequency converter, contactor constitute, thereby realize the motor frequency change operation is reached the purpose that changes motor speed; Contactor in the native system is accepted the program command signal that programmable logic controller sends the opening and closing of air door of fan is controlled.
The utility model system overlaps independently the S7-200PLC module by two and respectively two typhoon machines is controlled automatically.Has only typhoon machine running under the normal condition, another typhoon machine is standby, and air quantity size that control system can collect according to air quantity checkout gear, methane Concentration Measurement device, fan trouble checkout gear and gas density and fault-signal are regulated rotation speed of fan and operation conditions automatically by programmable logic controller, touch-screen, frequency converter, contactor.When the blower fan of running breaks down, can stop the fault blower fan, send failure alarm signal and automatically switch into the standby fan running.Wind speed to the mine main return airway is monitored, can the snap back air-supply when mine needs oppositely air-supply.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are, can control automatically the rotating speed of main fan in mine the air quantity demand with the gas density and the mine field working conditions of mine main return airway, reduce the energy consumption of mine main ventilator, the fan bearing temperature is too high taking place, the blower fan current overload, the blower voltage overvoltage, under-voltage, take blower fan to shut down and automatically switch into counter-measures such as standby fan running according to different fault-signals during faults such as electric power system phase shortage, fan bearing and blower motor are not damaged, outstanding at coal mine generation gas, gas explosion, when needing oppositely air-supply, accidents such as coal-dust explosion can blow by snap back; This system also can realize the wind speed of mine main return airway is monitored, reported to the police during the overshoot value, forces to have implemented, carried out in " safety regulations in coal mine " the requirement of mine ventilation condition, has improved the safety and the reliability of mine ventilation system.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further elaborated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of system of the present utility model
Fig. 2 is the main circuit diagram of 1# blower fan
Fig. 3 is a 1# blower fan PLC automatic control module circuit diagram
Fig. 4 is the main circuit diagram of 2# blower fan
Fig. 5 is a 2# blower fan PLC automatic control module circuit diagram
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the data acquisition unit that constitutes by air quantity checkout gear, methane Concentration Measurement device, fan trouble checkout gear of the utility model; Control module and human-computer interaction interface that programmable logic controller, touch-screen constitute; The performance element that frequency converter, contactor constitute is formed.
The air quantity checkout gear adopts aerofoil profile wind measuring device and pressure transmitter, a plurality of survey marks of the tested wind section of taking a sample, and sampling obtains the real-time air quantity of tested section, and converts air quantity to analog current by pressure transmitter and offer programmable logic controller; The methane Concentration Measurement device converts the gas density of detected main return airway to analog current by the methane Concentration Measurement instrument and offers programmable logic controller; The fan trouble checkout gear comprises checkout gears such as blower fan overload, overvoltage, under-voltage, bearing temperature, electric power system phase shortage, sends corresponding fault-signal to programmable logic controller when breaking down.
Control module is the core of native system, and air quantity size that collects according to air quantity checkout gear, methane Concentration Measurement device, fan trouble checkout gear and gas density and fault-signal are regulated rotation speed of fan and operation conditions automatically by programmable logic controller, touch-screen, frequency converter, contactor.When the blower fan of running breaks down, can stop the fault blower fan, send failure alarm signal and automatically switch into the standby fan running.Wind speed to the mine main return airway is monitored, can the snap back air-supply when mine needs oppositely air-supply.The human-computer interaction interface of forming by programmable logic controller and touch-screen, can realize the real-time, interactive of people-machine information, operating personnel can set the required air quantity of mine, these two customer parameters of cross section diameter of mine main return airway having under the situation of cryptoguard by touch-screen; In system's running, important operational factors such as human-computer interaction interface can show the system time, system operation time, real-time air quantity, real-time gas density, the real-time wind speed of main return airway; When system broke down, the sound and light alarm on switch board, human-computer interaction interface is the corresponding malfunction of display system simultaneously also, and operating personnel also can be after fault be got rid of, by touch-screen with ann reset.
By the rational operational factor of frequency converter is set, make its control of accepting the analog signal of programmable logic controller output in the performance element that frequency converter, contactor constitute, thereby realize the motor frequency change operation is reached the purpose that changes motor speed; Contactor in the native system is accepted the program command signal that programmable logic controller sends the opening and closing of air door of fan is controlled.
As shown in Figure 2, the 1# blower fan is controlled two or a motor-driven respectively by two or a frequency converter.Three-phase 380V AC power is crossed circuit breaker Q F11 and is inserted 1#, power input R, the S of 2# frequency converter, T by fuse FU11, and frequency converter output U, V, W drive motors rotate.The QF11 rear end is connected to three-phase voltage relay K A11, KA12 can detect power supply whether overvoltage, under-voltage and lacuna.1# frequency converter A 02, GND output current signal are delivered to PLC analog quantity input terminal C+, C-(shown in Figure 2) in order to detect motor M 1 loop current, and 2# frequency converter A 02, GND output current signal are delivered to PLC analog quantity input terminal D+, D-(shown in Figure 3) in order to detect motor M 2 loop currents.PLC analog quantity lead-out terminal is exported voltage signal frequency converter VS1, GND end to Fig. 1 and is controlled motor speed in real time as the motor speed command signal among Fig. 3.
As shown in Figure 3, this module is made up of a S7-200PLC, EM235 analog quantity expansion module and peripheral circuit.
When first startup is when starting the 1# blower fan; press and start button SB11 (the 2# blower fan must be in stopped status); system at first checks 1#, 2# damper positions by SQ1, SQ2, SQ3, SQ4; as not satisfying the door opening of 1# blower fan; the fan starting primary condition that the air door of 2# blower fan is closed; then KM11, KM12 move, and make the door opening of 1# blower fan, and the air door of 2# blower fan is closed.After satisfying the fan starting primary condition, the 1# blower fan normally starts and according to setting the running of air quantity control blower fan, run indicator HL11 is bright in system.In the fan operation process, when the detected gas density of methane Concentration Measurement device (Fig. 3 A+, A-end) surpasses setting, motor speed will rise automatically and improve air quantity to reduce gas density.When methane Concentration Measurement device (Fig. 3 A+, A-end) when detected gas density is no more than setting, be lower than setting value as the detected air quantity of air quantity checkout gear (Fig. 3 B+, B-end), motor speed will rise automatically to guarantee air quantity.Be higher than setting value as the detected air quantity of air quantity checkout gear (Fig. 3 B+, B end), motor speed will descend automatically, reduce the energy consumption of mine main ventilator.
The 1# blower fan is automatic control module output KA14 to 2# blower fan automatic control module in running, guarantees that the 2# blower fan can not start; When occurring faults such as overcurrent, overvoltage, under-voltage, phase shortage, fan bearing overtemperature, motor overtemperature in the 1# fan operation, automatic control system will stop the 1# blower fan, by 1# blower fan PLC automatic control module output KA23 deactivation 2# blower fan PLC automatic control module, switch to the 2# fan operation.Simultaneity factor is reported to the police, and corresponding indicator lamp is bright, and buzzer sound is reported to the police.Starting the failure-free operation of 1# blower fan after 30 days, draught fan automatic control system will stop the 1# blower fan automatically, switch to the 2# fan operation.
When first startup is when starting the 2# blower fan; press and start button SB21 (the 1# blower fan must be in stopped status); system at first checks 1#, 2# damper positions by SQ1, SQ2, SQ3, SQ4; as not satisfying the door opening of 2# blower fan; the fan starting primary condition that the air door of 1# blower fan is closed; then KM21, KM22 move, and make the door opening of 2# blower fan, and the air door of 1# blower fan is closed.After satisfying the fan starting primary condition, the 2# blower fan normally starts and according to setting the running of air quantity control blower fan, run indicator HL11 is bright in system.In the fan operation process, when the detected gas density of methane Concentration Measurement device (Fig. 3 A+, A-end) surpasses setting, motor speed will rise automatically and improve air quantity to reduce gas density.When methane Concentration Measurement device (Fig. 3 A+, A end) when detected gas density is no more than setting, be lower than setting value as the detected air quantity of air quantity checkout gear (Fig. 3 B+, B-end), motor speed will rise automatically to guarantee air quantity.Be higher than setting value as the detected air quantity of air quantity checkout gear (Fig. 3 B+, B-end), motor speed will descend automatically, reduce the energy consumption of mine main ventilator.
The 2# blower fan is intelligent control module output KA24 to 1# blower fan automatic control module in running, guarantees that the 1# blower fan can not start; When occurring faults such as overcurrent, overvoltage, under-voltage, phase shortage, fan bearing overtemperature, motor overtemperature in the 2# fan operation, automatic control system will stop the 2# blower fan, by 2# blower fan PLC automatic control module output KA13 deactivation 1# blower fan PLC automatic control module, switch to the 1# fan operation.Simultaneity factor is reported to the police, and corresponding indicator lamp is bright, and buzzer sound is reported to the police.Starting the failure-free operation of 2# blower fan after 30 days, draught fan automatic control system will stop the 2# blower fan automatically, switch to the 1# fan operation.
Draught fan automatic control system 1# appears, 2# air door of fan switch does not put in place; In the fan operation process, main return airway wind speed overshoot value; Frequency converter frequency has reached the 50Hz gas density and has still transfinited, and will report to the police respectively by alarm lamp under the situation that air quantity is still not enough.
SB12 can stop the 1# blower fan by stopping key; After pressing SB12, can make the counter-rotating of 1# blower fan, realize the snap back air-supply by SB13; But press SB14 emergency cut-off 1# air door of fan.
SB22 can stop the 2# blower fan by stopping key; After pressing SB22, can make the counter-rotating of 2# blower fan, realize the snap back air-supply by SB23; But press SB24 emergency cut-off 2# air door of fan.