CN201980253U - Dynamic detecting system for wheel sets of high-speed train - Google Patents
Dynamic detecting system for wheel sets of high-speed train Download PDFInfo
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- CN201980253U CN201980253U CN2010206601733U CN201020660173U CN201980253U CN 201980253 U CN201980253 U CN 201980253U CN 2010206601733 U CN2010206601733 U CN 2010206601733U CN 201020660173 U CN201020660173 U CN 201020660173U CN 201980253 U CN201980253 U CN 201980253U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a dynamic detecting system for wheel sets of a high-speed train, which comprises a rail detecting device, a rail side switching unit and a data processing unit, wherein the rail detecting device is arranged on steel rails to obtain the wheel set information of the train, and the wheel set information includes the train number, the number of the wheel sets and wheel set tread information of the train; the rail side switching unit is electrically connected with the rail detecting device and switches the detection signals obtained by the rail detecting device; and the data processing unit is electrically connected with the rail side switching unit and processes the detection signals to obtain the detection result of the wheel sets. The core detecting part of the dynamic detecting system for the wheel sets of the high-speed train provided by the embodiment is the rail detecting device which is arranged at the bottom of the steel rails, and the destructive modification of the steel rails is not needed; meanwhile, the rail detecting device can obtain the relevant information of the train during high-speed running, and relevant devices have good earthquake resistance and can be adaptive to the high-speed running environment. The system has full-automatic detection process and high detection efficiency, therefore, the system is applicable to online detection of the high-speed running train.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to Train Wheel to the detection technique field, particularly relates to a kind of high speed train wheel to dynamic detection system.
Background technology
Wheel is to being one of vitals of train traveling portion, and wheel directly influences train traffic safety to the quality of quality.
In recent years, along with China's rapid development of economy, train running speed rises year by year, be accompanied by high speed and heavily stressed demand, the wheel of train flat sliding very easily occurs, peels off, do not justify phenomenon bearing very big dynamic load on wheel tread, cause the train running quality to descend, wearing and tearing aggravations, even cause axle fracture, collapse wheel, cause a serious accident.Described tread is meant wheel and the contacted excircle of rail face, has certain gradient.Described flat sliding is meant to be slided by wheel and causes, and during wheel sliding wheel tread contacts with rail has that part ofly become fixing attrition surface, and it continues friction and make with rail the part plan abrasion take place on the wheel tread, forms to abrade.Described shelled tread is meant because the long-time running of wheel tread surface is subjected to the material that uneven in temperature or lasting impact etc. cause comes off.Described tread out of roundness is meant on the wheel tread transversal surface difference maximum and minimum diameter, is also referred to as out of roundness or loses circularity.
A kind of TPDS TPDS of the prior art, thereby employing be attached to strain-gauge on the natural axis of rail web of the rail both sides experience lorry by the time adaptability to changes change the tread damage and the car body unbalance loading situation on inspection vehicle wheel tread surface, this monitoring system is only applicable to the train detection of low cruise, the speed-adaptive scope only is 20-120km/h, when mounted, need do destructive the transformation to rail, and the solid bed of high speed railway main track does not allow rail is done destructive the transformation, therefore, this system is not suitable for the wheel of high speed train to online detection.In addition, it is long that described TPDS TPDS is installed the post debugging cycle, safeguards inconvenience, needs to change rail in case of necessity, and can not detect the out of roundness defective of tread.
In addition, also has the online device for dynamically detecting of a kind of wheel tread flat and out of roundness in the prior art, be installed on the train warehouse-in repair line, it adopts right flat sliding of contact detection method detection wheel and out of roundness defective, but its speed-adaptive scope is below 15km/h, and the wheel that is not suitable for high speed train is to online detection.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of high speed train wheel to dynamic detection system, to realize that technical scheme is as follows to the online detection to information of the wheel of high speed train:
A kind of high speed train wheel comprises dynamic detection system:
Be arranged on the rail, be used to obtain Train Wheel to detecting device on the rail of information, the described wheel comprises that to information train license number, wheel are to number and train wheel tread information;
Be electrically connected with detecting device on the described rail, detecting device detects the rail limit adapter unit of the detection signal that obtains on the described rail that is used to transfer;
Be electrically connected with described rail limit adapter unit, the detection signal that described rail limit adapter unit provides is handled the data processing unit that obtains taking turns right testing result.
Preferably, detecting device comprises on the described rail:
Be positioned on the train direct of travel, and be arranged on an one steel rail inboard, be used for triggering described system when train arrives and get electric system's upper electrical switch;
Be arranged on an one steel rail inboard, and be positioned at the axletree counter switch in described system upper electrical switch the place ahead;
Be arranged on two one steel rail inboards, and be positioned at described axletree counter switch the place ahead, be used to detect the laser sensor group of train wheel tread information;
Be arranged on the license number identification module of laser sensor group between two one steel rails.
Preferably, described laser sensor group laser sensor group comprises at least 12 laser sensors, and the laser sensor quantity of two one steel rail inboards equates.
Preferably, described laser sensor is fixed on rail foot by rail clip.
Preferably, described laser sensor comprises:
Be fixed on the laser transimitter and the laser pickoff of the emission laser signal on the same one steel rail, and described receptor is arranged on the place ahead of described laser transimitter;
Be arranged between laser transimitter and the laser pickoff, be used to protect the pillar of described laser transimitter and described laser pickoff.
Preferably, described laser pickoff is a high precision position sensitive detectors PSD receptor.
Preferably, described rail limit adapter unit comprises: transfer box, and be arranged on the outer protective housing of described transfer box.
Preferably, described system upper electrical switch is an electromagnetic sensor.
Preferably, described axletree counter switch is an electromagnetic sensor.
The technical scheme that is provided by above the embodiment of the present application as seen, the high speed train wheel that the embodiment of the invention provides is gathered the data detection signal of wheel tread situation by detecting device on the rail to dynamic detection system, when train moves on rail, because wheel weight can make rail bend, its degree of crook is relevant with the power that wheel acts on the rail, thereby the laser beam that laser sensor is sent is offset, its offset displacement is relevant with the sinuousness of rail, and then the power that acts on the rail with wheel is relevant, cross the deformation variation of car front and back and calculate wheel to information according to rail in conjunction with wheel rail relation, promptly can calculate the scratch of wheel tread, thread defects such as shelled tread and tread out of roundness can be used to detect the super unbalance loading of train in addition, operation conditionss such as transverse force.The high speed train wheel that the embodiment of the invention provides is a detecting device on the rail to the core detection part of dynamic detection system, it is installed in the bottom of rail, need not rail is carried out destructiveness transformation, simultaneously, detecting device can acquire the relevant information of train on the rail when the train high-speed cruising, and its inner related device aseismicity is good, can adapt to the high-speed cruising environment.This system's testing process full automaticity carries out, the detection efficiency height, and therefore, this system is applicable to the online detection of high-speed cruising train.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, the accompanying drawing that describes below only is some embodiment that put down in writing among the application, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of high speed train wheel of the embodiment of the present application to dynamic detection system;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of detecting device on a kind of rail of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of a kind of laser sensor of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of a kind of laser sensor of the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 is the principle of work scheme drawing of the embodiment of the present application receptor.
The specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand technical scheme among the application better, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present application, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the application's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the application, those of ordinary skills are not making the every other embodiment that is obtained under the creative work prerequisite, all should belong to the scope of the application's protection.
See also Fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of high speed train wheel to dynamic detection system, comprising: detecting device 1, rail limit adapter unit 2, data processing unit 3 on the rail.
Detecting device 1 is installed in the inboard of two one steel rails on the described rail, is used to obtain Train Wheel to information, and this is taken turns information is comprised that train license number, wheel are to number and train wheel tread information;
Detecting device 1 utilizes laser sensor to gather train wheel tread information on the described rail, described laser sensor comprises laser transimitter and the laser pickoff that is parallel to the rail setting, and the position of described laser transimitter and described laser pickoff parallels with described rail.Do not have train through out-of-date on rail, the laser beam that laser transimitter is launched just in time is positioned at the positive center of laser pickoff; When train process rail, because wheel rolls and cause rail flexural deformation on rail, thereby the light beam that laser transimitter is sent is offset, and then the light beam that laser pickoff receives produces displacement, described laser pickoff converts the displacement of described laser beam to electric signal, and the accuracy of detection of this laser sensor can detect millimetre-sized defective on the train wheel tread.
Detecting device is the detection core of this high speed train wheel to dynamic detection system on this rail, this laser sensor has installs advantages such as simple, easy to maintenance, that anti-seismic performance is good, detecting device mainly is connected on rail foot by bolt card on this rail, does not need rail is done destructive the transformation.Laser sensor is again the core detection part of detecting device on the described rail, during daily attention, and can be by the voltage condition on the telecommunication mode detection laser sensor.Laser sensor in-to-in optics has long-time stability and aseismicity, can long-term use under the high-frequency vibration environment of train high-speed cruising.
Rail limit adapter unit 2 is electrically connected with detecting device 1 on the described rail.
Because a lot of and more complicated of the circuit of detecting device on the rail, so by power supply signal and detection signal on the detecting device 1 on the rail limit adapter unit 2 switching rails.Each signal output part of detecting device 1 is connected to the signal input port of rail limit adapter unit 2 respectively on the rail, again owing to detecting device 1 cabling complexity on the rail, need rail limit adapter unit 2 that the turnover line of detecting device on the rail 1 is carried out necessary merging, after merging, described rail limit adapter unit 2 only have two cables to be connected with data processing unit 3, therefore rail limit adapter unit 2 greatly reduces the complexity of the circuit on system's railway roadbed, adapts to the requirement of railway construction to circuit.
Preferably, described rail limit adapter unit 2 comprises the transfer box that is used for tandem signal, and is arranged on the exterior protective housing of transfer box, is used to protect described transfer box, avoids water, dust and people the normal operation that external factor influences transfer box such as to trample.
Above-mentioned high speed train wheel can also detect the train operating conditions such as unbalance loading, overload, transverse force of train to dynamic detection system, concrete detection principle is that detection wheel is to the transverse force by the detection train operation, and then the derailing coefficient when doping the train high-speed cruising, and then can improve train traffic safety.
The high speed train wheel that the embodiment of the invention provides is gathered the data detection signal of wheel tread situation by detecting device on the rail to dynamic detection system, when train moves on rail, because wheel weight can make rail bend, its degree of crook is relevant with the power that wheel acts on the rail, thereby the laser beam that laser sensor is sent is offset, its departure distance is relevant with the sinuousness of rail, and then the power that acts on the rail with wheel is relevant, cross the deformation variation of car front and back and calculate the right defect information of wheel according to rail in conjunction with wheel rail relation, promptly can calculate the scratch of wheel tread, thread defects such as shelled tread and tread out of roundness can detect the super unbalance loading of train in addition, operation conditionss such as transverse force.The high speed train wheel that the embodiment of the invention provides is a detecting device on the rail to the core detection part of dynamic detection system, it is installed in the bottom of rail, need not rail is carried out destructiveness transformation, simultaneously, detecting device can acquire the relevant information of train on the rail when the train high-speed cruising, and its inner related device aseismicity is good, can adapt to the high-speed cruising environment, this system's testing process full automaticity carries out, the detection efficiency height, therefore can be applicable to the high-speed cruising train.
Referring to Fig. 2, the structural representation of detecting device on the rail that present embodiment provides, detecting device comprises on this rail: be successively set on system's upper electrical switch 11, axletree counter switch 12, laser sensor group 13, license number identification module 14 on the train direct of travel.
Described system upper electrical switch 11 is arranged on wherein one the inboard in two one steel rails 5, when train arrives, triggers described system and gets electricly, makes described system be in readiness for action, the preparation for acquiring data.
When the described system of train wheel process upper electrical switch 11, the electric signal of system's upper electrical switch 11 output can change, the electric signal of this variation can triggering system get electric, particularly, can realize by electromagnetic sensor, also can realize by laser sensor or edd current transducer.
Described laser sensor group 13 is made up of 12 laser sensors at least, and the laser sensor number that is provided with on two one steel rails is identical, is that example carries out laser sensor group 13 is described with 12 laser sensors:
Every one steel rail is provided with 6 laser sensors, each laser sensor is responsible for the detection of the wheel tread circumference of about 700mm length, 6 laser sensors just can detect the circumferential distance that is about 4200mm, and the circumferential length of a wheel is less than 4200mm, and promptly 6 laser sensors just can detect the tread distance of at least one circumference of wheel of arbitrary diameter.
Need to prove that the number of laser sensor is not limited to 12, as long as the distance of at least one circumference that can inspection vehicle wheel tread circumference; Number of sensors can detect two or more tread circumference of wheel like this more than 12, and then realizes that a plurality of sensor go out same wheel information, so that testing result is more accurate.
During concrete enforcement, referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of a kind of laser sensor of the embodiment of the invention; Fig. 4 is the sectional structure scheme drawing of a kind of laser sensor of the embodiment of the invention.
Laser sensor comprises laser transimitter 6, laser pickoff 7 and pillar 8.As shown in Figure 3, laser transimitter 6 and laser pickoff 7 are installed on the bottom of an one steel rail by rail clip 9, and concrete, described rail clip 9 can be fixed on the rail foot by bolt of rear end plate, install simply, and do not need rail is done destructive the transformation.And laser pickoff 7 is arranged on the place ahead of laser transimitter 6, so that wheel is earlier through laser transimitter 6.Pillar 8 is used to protect described laser transimitter 6 and described laser pickoff 7 in-to-in optics.
Described laser sensor sensitivity is better, and the minimum load that can record is 10kg, obtains deformational displacement even finger also can be detected by laser sensor by the deformation quantity that rail is taken place.Simultaneously, the measurement range of the laser pickoff in the laser sensor is bigger, and when a column weight reached 10 tons train wheel process laser sensor top, the measured displacement of laser pickoff only accounted for 10% of its whole measurement range, therefore, this laser sensor can be applicable to the train of various load.
The concrete working process of above-mentioned laser sensor is as follows:
The laser beam that laser transimitter 6 sends under the normal circumstances is beaten the RC position at laser pickoff 7; Through out-of-date, cause rail distortion because wheel rolls rail as train, it is relevant that its degree of crook and wheel act on the distance and the wheel in-service time of application force, laser beam initial position and laser pickoff center-point of rail.Thereby, laser transimitter 6 emission laser beam directions are offset, make and beat in the generation displacement of the laser beam position of PSD laser pickoff 7 along plane, rail place.
Described laser pickoff 7 can be PSD (Position Sensitive Device, a high accuracy displacement sensor) laser pickoff, vertically is arranged on the rail, promptly can respond to laser beam out-of-position displacement up and down.Its fundamental diagram as shown in Figure 5, the output voltage of two ends up and down of described laser pickoff 7 is respectively U1 and U2, and U1 and U2 sum are constant.When laser beam is beaten positive center at laser pickoff 7, U1=U2; When laser beam offset downward, U1 increased, U2 reduces; When laser beam upwards was offset, U1 reduced, and U2 increases.
When train no show laser sensor, rail makes and the contacted rail of wheel is bent downwardly because wheel rolls, but the laser beam that the laser transimitter 6 that is positioned at wheel the place ahead sends is skew upwards, makes the U1 of laser pickoff 7 outputs reduce, and U2 increases; When wheel movement arrives the top of laser transimitter 6, because laser transimitter 6 and laser pickoff 7 are separately fixed at the rail place near sleeper, therefore the bearing capacity of wheel is mainly born by sleeper, and this moment, rail was not crooked substantially, so the laser beam non-migration that sends of laser transimitter; When wheel movement arrives the top of laser transimitter 6, because the wheel bearing capacity makes the rail that contacts with wheel produce deformation, promptly rail is bent downwardly, and the laser beam that causes laser transimitter 6 to send offsets downward, thereby the U1 of laser pickoff 7 outputs is increased, and U2 reduces.
Preferably, laser sensor offers described data processing unit 3 through the electric signal of out-of-date overall process through described rail limit adapter unit 2 with wheel, data processing unit utilizes following formula to calculate the corresponding curve of wheel tread circumference detected status according to U1 that receives and the numerical value of U2:
K is the direct proportion coefficient in the above-mentioned formula, and U1 and U2 are the magnitude of voltage of laser pickoff 7 outputs.
Because U1+U2 is a constant, it is a parabolical shape that Open Side Down that the measured wheel of laser sensor detects corresponding curve through hour wheel to the tread circumference.
When there is tread damage in wheel, promptly when flat sliding or shelled tread, the detection curve that corresponding laser sensor position obtains will produce moment waveform saltus step, rather than smooth parabola.When there is tread damage in wheel, during wheel tread injury region contact rail, this moment only be the tread damage place a bit contact rail, wheel is that fulcrum rotates with this point, wheel has the trend of soaring in rotation process, thereby the pressure that rail is subjected to wheel can diminish, the deformation of rail reduces, the side-play amount of the laser beam that laser transimitter sends reduces, and when the wheel tread injury region left rail, the downward impulsive force of wheel increased, the deformation of rail increases, the side-play amount of the laser beam that laser transimitter sends increases, and being reflected on the curve is exactly the variation that a waveform is jumped, rather than level and smooth parabolical shape.
Judge the size of the damage that produces according to the extreme value that produces saltus step place on the curve, can judge the number of wheel damage according to moment waveform saltus step number in the measured curve.
A laser sensor is responsible for the wheel tread circumference detection of about 700mm, 6 six measured curves of laser sensor just can reflect the tread circumference situation of whole wheel, when wheel during than out of roundness, six sensors record the cooresponding curve of data and are level and smooth parabolic shape, and these six basic in-lines in parabolical summit, when there is the defective of out of roundness in wheel tread, fluctuate up and down in described six parabolical summits, can calculate the size of wheel out of round degree according to these six parabolical summit fluctuation situations.
License number identification module 14 is arranged between two one steel rails 5, and this license number identification module 14 can be arranged on the place ahead of system's upper electrical switch 11, and in the present embodiment, license number identification module 14 is arranged on the place ahead of laser sensor group 13.
Since can be on every railway line through a lot of trains, this license number identification module 14 is used for determining that laser sensor group 13 detects the cooresponding train of wheel tread information that obtains.Concrete, train is provided with the electronic tag that comprises train license number essential information, license number identification module 14 can read this label and therefrom obtain the vehicle number information of train, thereby can determine that laser sensor group 13 detects the cooresponding train of wheel tread information that obtains, and this license number identification module 14 can obtain the license number of the train of high-speed cruising, is that detecting device is applicable to one of prerequisite of high speed train on the described rail.
Need to prove, laser pickoff in the embodiment of the invention 7 can be horizontally installed on the place ahead of laser transimitter 6, laser transimitter 6 emitted laser are beaten in the plane that is parallel to the sleeper place on laser pickoff 7, be that laser beam is offset in the horizontal direction, at this moment, can be used for detecting transverse force, when train is being turned or because cargo loading when inhomogeneous, wheel can produce and swing, and then generation transverse force, this transverse force produces rail to a certain extent and destroys, the derailing coefficient during therefore by the operation of detection transverse force predictable column overall height speed.
In addition, the high speed train wheel that the embodiment of the invention provides is to dynamic detection system, do not need to be equipped with the calibration train and come corrective system, has self-correcting function, this system can calibrate automatically by the known train of weight, when train passes through this system at every turn, system is with the load-carrying of train, in data such as temperature and the speed data-in storehouse, all can be when described system is calculated at every turn in conjunction with the data cases of nearest 100-200 train number of record, utilize correlation parameter such as train load parameter from dynamic correction when inferior testing result.
In sum, high speed train that the embodiment of the invention provides wheel is gathered the tread condition information of wheel to dynamic detection system by laser sensor, the data message that is collected through data processing unit handle and data analysis after can obtain train wheel tread information.The installation of described system is simple, and is easy to maintenance, and do not need railway roadbed and rail are done any destructive transformation, and this system goes for the speed range of 60-400km/h, and speed is applied widely; The testing process full automaticity of this system carries out, and has self-correcting function, the detection efficiency height, and the common train detection time is below 2min.Described system can also directly be presented at testing result on the display equipment, intuitively shows information such as defective wheel position and defect size, can also show testing result with the form of webpage.
Each embodiment in this specification sheets all adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and identical similar part is mutually referring to getting final product between each embodiment, and each embodiment stresses all is difference with other embodiment.Can select wherein some or all of module to realize the purpose of present embodiment scheme according to the actual needs.Those of ordinary skills promptly can understand and implement under the situation of not paying creative work.
The above only is the application's the specific embodiment; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the application's principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as the application's protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. a high speed train wheel is characterized in that dynamic detection system, comprising:
Be arranged on the rail, be used to obtain Train Wheel to detecting device on the rail of information, the described wheel comprises that to information train license number, wheel are to number and train wheel tread information;
Be electrically connected with detecting device on the described rail, detecting device detects the rail limit adapter unit of the detection signal that obtains on the described rail that is used to transfer;
Be electrically connected with described rail limit adapter unit, the detection signal that described rail limit adapter unit provides is handled the data processing unit that obtains taking turns right testing result.
2. high speed train wheel according to claim 1 is characterized in that to dynamic detection system detecting device comprises on the described rail:
Be positioned on the train direct of travel, and be arranged on an one steel rail inboard, be used for triggering described system when train arrives and get electric system's upper electrical switch;
Be arranged on an one steel rail inboard, and be positioned at the axletree counter switch in described system upper electrical switch the place ahead;
Be arranged on two one steel rail inboards, and be positioned at described axletree counter switch the place ahead, be used to detect the laser sensor group of train wheel tread information;
Be arranged on the license number identification module of laser sensor group between two one steel rails.
3. high speed train wheel according to claim 2 it is characterized in that described laser sensor group comprises at least 12 laser sensors, and the laser sensor quantity of two one steel rail inboards equates to dynamic detection system.
4. high speed train wheel according to claim 3 is characterized in that to dynamic detection system described laser sensor is fixed on rail foot by rail clip.
5. high speed train wheel according to claim 4 is characterized in that to dynamic detection system described laser sensor comprises:
Be fixed on the laser transimitter and the laser pickoff of the emission laser signal on the same one steel rail, and described receptor is arranged on the place ahead of described laser transimitter;
Be arranged between laser transimitter and the laser pickoff, be used to protect the pillar of described laser transimitter and described laser pickoff.
6. high speed train wheel according to claim 5 is characterized in that to dynamic detection system described laser pickoff is a high precision position sensitive detectors PSD receptor.
7. take turns dynamic detection system according to each described high speed train of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that described rail limit adapter unit comprises: transfer box, and be arranged on the outer protective housing of described transfer box.
8. take turns dynamic detection system according to each described high speed train of claim 2-6, it is characterized in that described system upper electrical switch is an electromagnetic sensor.
9. take turns dynamic detection system according to each described high speed train of claim 2-6, it is characterized in that described axletree counter switch is an electromagnetic sensor.
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CN110631777A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-31 | 安徽信息工程学院 | Automatic detection equipment for automobile filter |
CN110631777B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-06-22 | 安徽信息工程学院 | Automatic detection equipment for automobile filter |
CN112816229A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-05-18 | 博崖(上海)自动化科技有限公司 | Wheel detection device and detection method |
CN114088004A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-25 | 西北铁道电子股份有限公司 | Railway dynamic vehicle wheel tread flaw detection device and method |
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