A kind of suction-type lithium bromide evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of suction-type lithium bromide evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units, in particular, relate to the lithium bromide absorption cold water unit equipment that a kind of condenser adopts the evaporative condenser mode.
Background technology
The difference of lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine and conventional compression formula refrigeration machine is its use heat energy as drive energy, and nonelectrical energy.It is absorbent with the lithium-bromide solution, directly burn the heat that produces or other used heat as thermal source with steam, hot water, oil and gas, the principle that utilize evaporation, absorbs realizes refrigeration, because CFCs and HCFCs cold-producing medium have destruction to atmospheric ozone layer, the HFCs cold-producing medium exists greenhouse effects again, under the internal and external environment condition of and reply climate change in short supply at current electric power energy, lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine has very high promotional value.China has become the big producing country of Absorption Refrigerator in the world, the developing direction of lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine mainly is high efficiency, is applied to thermoelectric cold cogeneration system and recovery waste heat and utilizes solar energy etc. in the recent period, and walking road energy-saving, the environment-friendly type lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine is the inexorable trend of development.Development multipotency source comprehensive utilization type lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine not only makes full use of renewable resource, improve efficiency of energy utilization, can make full use of waste heat of plant used heat resource again, when reclaiming the energy, reduce thermal pollution, improve environment, also can alleviate the imbalance between supply and demand of electrical network, conservation of power industry capital construction investment, these have important and practical meanings for the using energy source situation of improving country.
Lithium bromide absorption cold water unit generally can be divided into two kinds of single-action and economic benefits and social benefits.Mono-potency lithium bromide is made up of generator, condenser, absorber, evaporimeter and solution heat exchanger.Double effect absorption lithium bromide cooling-water machine group generally by high pressure generator, low pressure generator, condenser, absorber, evaporimeter, cryogenic fluid heat exchanger, high-temperature solution heat exchanger, coagulate the water regenerator and form.No matter the single-effective absorption handpiece Water Chilling Units still is the double effect absorption handpiece Water Chilling Units, its condenser all is that water is as the cooling medium, the lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine group is in operation needs to consume a large amount of cooling waters, be using water wisely, the cooling water system of unit adopts open-cycle system mostly, and water is evaporative cooling in cooling tower, takes away heat, so, the heat transfer temperature difference of the condensation temperature of cooling water and condenser is generally about 5 ℃.
Evaporative condenser is a kind of energy-efficient heat transmission equipment of developing on the external state-of-the-art hot swapping basis absorbing, evaporative condenser is to take away by the heat of cold medium by evaporation of water latent heat, the actual water consumption of evaporative condenser is about 5%~10% of water cooled condenser, has reduced power consumption simultaneously.This product collection traditional type condenser, cooling tower, water circulating pump, pond and connection water pipe are one, it is little to have floor space, numerous advantages such as it is very convenient to install, and noise is low, water saving power saving, reduced investment, running cost are low, free from environmental pollution, long service life, maintenance are easy.Country such as the U.S., Canada just rises in the seventies in 20th century and is applied on cold storage cooling device, China is from the eighties in 20th century, chemical industry, medicine, industrial refrigeration and beer beverage, the low temperature process refrigeration of food, fields such as building air conditioning refrigeration also begin to adopt evaporative condenser, through surplus 20 years facts have proved that evaporative condenser has remarkable energy saving effect.
The optimum working temperature of single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating machine is 80~100 ℃, and its maximum COP value can reach 0.7 when heat source temperature is 85 ℃, because solution is subjected to the restriction of crystallization condition, the heat source temperature of refrigeration machine can not be above 150 ℃.The COP of double-effect lithium bromide absorption chiller group is about 1.1~1.2, and driving heat source can be the high-temperature-hot-water more than 150 ℃, or the saturated vapor of 0.25~0.8MPa (meter pressure), and its maximum COP value can reach 1.2 when heat source temperature is 130 ℃.And the COP of triple effect lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine group is about 1.65~1.75, and its driving heat source temperature then needs more than 200 ℃.The two-stage refrigeration system with lithium bromide absorption, lower to the requirement of heat source temperature than the requirement of mono-potency lithium bromide absorption system, use 70~80 ℃ hot water to drive.Therefore, the two-stage refrigeration system with lithium bromide absorption is more suitable for utilizing low-grade energy than mono-potency lithium bromide absorption system.But the COP value of two-stage refrigeration system with lithium bromide absorption is lower, has only about 0.3~0.4, and consumption of cooling-water is about the twice of single-effect lithium bromide absorption refrigerating machine group, and initial cost is bigger.For example the Driven by Solar Energy refrigeration system with lithium bromide absorption adopts flat board or heat pipe type vacuum tube collector to collect solar energy, and the hot water that produces 80 ℃~95 ℃ drives single-action, economic benefits and social benefits or twin-stage Absorption Refrigerator.The temperature of unit generator driving heat source generally need be greater than 80 ℃, and is as shown in table 1
The solar energy refrigeration system with lithium bromide absorption relatively under the every kW refrigeration work consumption of table 1
Patent of the present invention is with the condenser of evaporative condenser as lithium bromide absorption cold water unit, the vaporation-type cooling can make the condensation temperature of condenser reduce about 5 ℃, this not only improves absorption cold water unit COP value, create good condition for reducing heat source temperature, more helped the utilization of low-temperature waste heat and solar refrigeration and air-conditioning.
Summary of the invention
Patent of the present invention is with the condenser of evaporative condenser as lithium bromide absorption cold water unit, the vaporation-type cooling can make the condensation temperature of condenser reduce about 5 ℃, this not only improves absorption cold water generatine set heat efficiency COP value, create good condition for reducing heat source temperature, more helped the utilization of low-temperature waste heat and solar refrigeration and air-conditioning.For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention provides suction-type lithium bromide evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units equipment.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of suction-type lithium bromide evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units, this equipment comprises evaporative condenser 1, generator 2, evaporimeter 3, absorber 4 and the cooling tower body 7 of handpiece Water Chilling Units, it is characterized in that described generator 2, evaporimeter 3 and absorber 4 are arranged on handpiece Water Chilling Units body 12 inside, handpiece Water Chilling Units top is generator 2, the bottom is evaporimeter 3 and absorber 4, its feature is that also the cooling water cyclic part of described evaporative condenser 1 and absorber 4 is arranged on cooling tower body 7 inside, realizes evaporative cooling.
In technique scheme, described cooling tower body 7 is made up of evaporative condenser 1, nozzle 10, filler 14, cooling water cycle water pump 8, cooling tower ponding dish 9 and axial flow blower 11, its feature is that also the generator 2 of handpiece Water Chilling Units body 12 and the evaporative condenser 1 of cooling tower body 7 inside are connected with evaporative condenser 1 by the refrigerant vapour pipeline, realize same condensing pressure, the refrigerant vapour that generator 2 goes out flows into evaporative condenser 1, is condensed into water as refrigerant and gets back in the handpiece Water Chilling Units body 12.
In technique scheme, described suction-type lithium bromide evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units, it is characterized in that described evaporative condenser 1 is arranged on cooling tower filler 14 tops, its feature is that also the evaporative condenser heat transfer tube group 13 of evaporative condenser 1 is finned cooling copper tube group, copper pipe group inside directly is condensed into water as refrigerant with water as refrigerant steam, evaporative condenser 1 is evaporated heat extraction by directly contacting with the cooling water and air.
In technique scheme, the cooling water cyclic part of described evaporative condenser 1, the cooling water of cooling tower ponding dish 9 is delivered to cooling tower nozzle 10 respectively via cooling water cycle water pump 8 and sprays cooling tower filler 14 and evaporative condenser 1, realize evaporative cooling, condenser inner refrigerant (water) cools off in the finned cooling copper tube of evaporative condenser heat transfer tube group 13, enter evaporimeter 3 in the handpiece Water Chilling Units body 12 via choke valve, the cooling water of cooling tower ponding dish 9 that it is characterized in that described cooling tower body 7 bottoms is via cooling water pump 8, go out cooling water pump one road cooling water and send into the bromize lithium concentrated solution that cooling produces from generator 2 in the absorber 4 of handpiece Water Chilling Units body 12, cooling water is through being warming up to nozzle 10, be sprayed on the cooling tower filler 14, another road cooling water is sprayed on the finned cooling copper tube group 13 by cooling tower nozzle 10.
In technique scheme, described evaporative condenser 1 is main under the operating condition that outdoor wet-bulb temperature meets the demands to adopt air-cooled form to realize cooling, it is characterized in that forming adverse current from the air that the air intake grid of cooling tower body 7 both sides enters, air-cooled via filler 14 and evaporative condenser 1 realization successively, discharge by the blower fan of cooling tower 12 that top is provided with.
In technique scheme, described suction-type lithium bromide evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units, it is the hot water that 70 ℃~low temperature exhaust heat used heat more than 85 ℃ or solar thermal collector produce that the driving Cooling and Heat Source that it is characterized in that described generator 2 can be heat source temperature, its feature is that also the condensation temperature of described evaporative condenser 1 can reduce by 5 ℃, and cooling water inlet temperature is 25~32 ℃.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
This patent adopts the evaporative condenser mode with the condenser of unit, and promptly cooling water is sprayed on outside the copper pipe of condenser, reaches the evaporative condenser requirement, condensation after the cooling water cooling outside the unit refrigerant vapour is managed in copper pipe.Because the cooling water outside the copper pipe in absorption condensation heat, constantly evaporate and heat release outside copper pipe again, so cooling water temperature is in lower temperature all the time.Under the same temperature regime in the external world, adopt the condenser condenses temperature of evaporative condenser can reduce about 5 ℃, this improves COP to absorption cold water unit and reduces heat source temperature and created good condition.Calculate as can be known by lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine group performance, under the constant situation of other external condition, within the specific limits, enter 1 ℃ of the every reduction of cooling water temperature of unit, refrigerating capacity improve 5%~6% approximately (but cooling water advance the machine temperature can not be low excessively, otherwise might cause solution crystallization and refrigerant pollution, cooling water inlet temperature generally is controlled at 25~32 ℃ of scopes and is advisable).Simultaneously, behind the use evaporative condenser, the thermal source serviceability temperature can reduce by 7 ℃~8 ℃.During 82 ℃ of heat source temperatures, generatine set heat efficiency COP can reach 0.7, and the efficient during with 90 ℃ of the absorption cold water unit of routine heat source temperatures is suitable.
The present invention adopts and has solved the contradiction of traditional lithium-bromide absorption-type refrigerating machine technology between unit performance and thermal source grade, when reducing, promoted the unit performance parameter to the driving heat source grade requirement, expanded the range of application of lithium bromide absorption cold water unit, satisfy energy-saving and emission-reduction, water saving and the requirement of environment control reliably, for the comprehensive utilization of low temperature exhaust heat used heat and the continuous application of solar refrigeration and air-conditioning have been created advantage.
The present invention also has simple and reliable for structure, makes, advantage easy to maintenance.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, be illustrated by concrete experiment method, so that the present invention becomes clearer.
Fig. 1. be suction-type lithium bromide evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 2. be double-effect lithium bromide absorption type evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units flow chart
Label in the accompanying drawing: 1 is evaporative condenser, and 2 are low generator, and 3 is evaporimeter, 4 is absorber, and 5 is low temperature heat exchanger, and 6 is solution pump, 7 is the cooling tower body, and 8 is the cooling water cycle water pump, and 9 is cooling tower ponding dish, 10 is the cooling tower nozzle, and 11 is blower fan of cooling tower, and 12 is the handpiece Water Chilling Units body, 13 is the evaporative condenser heat transfer tube group, 14 is cooling tower filler, and 15 is high-temperature heat exchanger, and 16 is high pressure generator
The specific embodiment
Elaborate content of the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.Should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to following preferred implementation, preferred implementation is as just exemplary illustration of the present invention.
As Fig. 1. shown in, the cooling water of the cooling tower ponding dish 9 of cooling tower body of the present invention 7 bottoms is via cooling water pump 8, go out cooling water pump one road cooling water and send into the bromize lithium concentrated solution that cooling produces from generator 2 in the absorber 4 of handpiece Water Chilling Units body 12, cooling water is through being warming up to nozzle 10, be sprayed on the cooling tower filler 14, another road cooling water is by cooling tower nozzle 10, be sprayed on the finned cooling copper tube of evaporative condenser heat transfer tube group 13, and form moisture film at packing layer and copper pipe outer surface successively, the moisture film that falls forms adverse current with the air that air intake grid from cooling tower body 7 both sides enters, part water is heated and directly becomes steam and taken away by air, another part water is blown the slow decline of holder or is dispelled the little water droplet of formation by high velocity air in dropping process, waft and raise up, with the air heat exchange, temperature reduces, collected by cooling tower ponding dish 9 at last and fall after rise, heat is provided with blower fan of cooling tower 11 by air via top and takes away.In order to prevent that unevaporated water droplet from being taken away by air, on the top of sparge pipe water fender is housed, the water droplet that hot humid air is separated flows to water storage tank.So, be cooling medium with empty G﹠W, on the one hand, utilize the part cooling water evaporation to take away the gas phase thermal medium, the condensation process liberated heat comprises the sensible heat of part gas phase and Partial Liquid Phase; On the other hand, to reach condensation, cooling purpose near the chilled air cools recirculated water of wet-bulb temperature and the indirect heat exchange by warm refrigerant (water) in the recirculated water that cooled off repeatedly and the evaporative condenser 1.More than two processes take place simultaneously, the shared separately ratio of two parts thermic load changes to some extent along with the difference of the variation of environment temperature, product structure form.
As Fig. 2. shown in, double-effect lithium bromide absorption type evaporative condenser handpiece Water Chilling Units flow chart of the present invention.The economic benefits and social benefits unit has increased a high-temperature heat exchanger 15 and high pressure generator 16 on the single-action basis.