CN201971639U - Nitric acid producing oxidation oven with annual output of 300,000 tons of nitric acid - Google Patents
Nitric acid producing oxidation oven with annual output of 300,000 tons of nitric acid Download PDFInfo
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- CN201971639U CN201971639U CN2011200917830U CN201120091783U CN201971639U CN 201971639 U CN201971639 U CN 201971639U CN 2011200917830 U CN2011200917830 U CN 2011200917830U CN 201120091783 U CN201120091783 U CN 201120091783U CN 201971639 U CN201971639 U CN 201971639U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a nitric acid producing oxidation oven with annual output of 300,000 tons of nitric acid and relates to a chemical production device. The oxidation oven comprises a casing, a gas inlet pipe at the top of the casing, a reaction device inside the casing, a thermal insulating layer on the inner wall of the casing, a heat exchange device inside the casing and a gas outlet pipe at the bottom of the casing, wherein the thermal insulating layer is formed by a plurality of water-circulating wall pipe groups near the inner wall of the casing, and an inlet guiding pipe and an outlet guiding pipe of each wall pipe group are both connected with a corresponding manifold outside the casing; and the heat exchange device is a coiled pipe group formed by multi-layers of coiled pipes, and inlet guiding pipes and outlet guiding pipes with different numbers are drawn out of the coiled pipes on each layer respectively and connected to an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold of a water vaporizer and an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold of a steam superheater. The nitric acid producing oxidation oven can more efficiently utilize the excrescent reaction heat, prolong the service life of equipment, lower the cost, enhance the productive capacity of a set of equipment, and achieve environmental protection and energy conservation.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of chemical production equipment, relates in particular to a kind ofly can produce 300000 tons of nitric acid production oxidized stills per year.
Background technology
Single cover maximum productivity of present domestic double pressurized method nitric acid plant is for producing the device of 150,000 tons of scales per year, its converter for ammonia oxidation is the key equipment in the nitric acid production, in reaction, both needed suitable temperature to keep the continuous operation of reaction in the oxidized still, also must effectively control simultaneously temperature in the stove, too high temperature at first can shorten equipment life even damage equipment, the supporting mechanism easy deformation of platinum net catalyst influences the work-ing life of platinum net under the while high temperature, increases production cost greatly.And its main heat exchange cooling system is a waste heat boiler in existing oxidized still, existing waste heat boiler can't utilize unnecessary reaction heat fully, make the interior temperature of stove too high, the platinum net life-span is short, oxidation ammonia gas temperature out is too high, also can't realize the supply to the required superheated vapour of other units simultaneously.Simultaneously, existing oxidized still heat-exchange equipment heat exchange efficiency is not high, has brought the equipment power consumption big yet, has both improved cost, does not meet the technology and society developing direction of environmental protection and energy saving yet; And generic container designs when high temperature, and its inner walls adopts the method for liner heat-insulation and heat-preservation material to reduce the wall temperature of housing wall basically, and its effect of heat insulation to housing is not good, and can't effectively reclaim heat energy.In addition, along with the continuous progress of production equipment, require the cry of the single cover of expansion nitric acid production ability continuous, existing oxidized still can not satisfy people's needs.
Summary of the invention
Problem at above-mentioned prior art existence, the utility model provides a kind of annual output 300000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills, it can more effectively utilize unnecessary reaction heat, prolongation service life of equipment, reduce cost, enlarged the throughput of single complete equipment, and environmental protection and energy saving.
The technical solution of the utility model is: 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output, comprise the gas inlet tube of housing, case top, the reaction unit of enclosure interior, the thermofin of inner walls, the heat-exchanger rig of enclosure interior and the gas outlet tube of housing bottom, described thermofin is made of the many groups of wall pipe groups near the water flowing of inner walls, the coil pipe that described wall Guan Zuwei weldless steel tube bends, the import and export skirt of every group of wall pipe group all are connected on the outer corresponding header of housing; The coil pipe group that described heat-exchanger rig constitutes for the multilayer coil pipe, every layer of its structure of coil pipe is seamless tube and coils the horizontal coil pipe that is made by equidistant spiral-line mode, the import and export skirt that the difference extracted quantity does not wait on each layer coil pipe is connected on housing outer the water evaporimeter import and export header and vapor superheater import and export header.
As preferably, described housing is made up of for three sections upper, middle and lower, connects by flange between upper casing, middle piece housing and the following piece housing, and upper casing is made up of upper shell and upper cover, and upper cover hits exactly and is provided with dismountable gas inlet tube; Following piece housing is made up of lower shell and lower cover, and the lower cover below is welded with gas outlet tube; Described wall pipe component is stage casing wall pipe group and lower wall pipe group, is arranged at stage casing inner walls and hypomere inner walls respectively, and the coil pipe of stage casing wall pipe group is divided into 7 groups, and every group import and export skirt all is connected on outer import header of housing and the outlet header; The coil pipe of lower wall pipe group is divided into 6 groups, and every group import and export skirt all is connected on the outer water evaporimeter import and export header of housing.
Further, described import header comprises import header main body, and described import header main body is a straight tube, the one end is provided with the flange flat cover, the other end is provided with the reducer pipe connecting flange, and import header main body along continuous straight runs is drilled with the prosopyle, is welded with throttle orifice joint B on the prosopyle; Described outlet header comprises outlet header main body, and described outlet header main body is a straight tube, and the one end is provided with end socket, and the other end is provided with reducer and takes over, and outlet header main body top is provided with a vapor pipe, and the below along continuous straight runs is drilled with venting hole; Described water evaporimeter import header comprises arc tube A, is drilled with two row prosopyles on the arc tube A, all is welded with throttle orifice joint A on the prosopyle, and arc tube A two ends are provided with flange and blind flange, also are welded with water-in on the arc tube A and take over and drain connection; Described water evaporimeter outlet header comprises arc tube B, is drilled with two row's venting holes on the arc tube B, the end welding elipse head of arc tube B, and the other end connects external pipe, and adapter of the row's of being welded with phlegma and emptying are taken on the arc tube B.
As preferably, the coil pipe group of described heat-exchanger rig is 10 layers, 148 groups altogether, add up to 148 import skirts and 148 outlet pigtails, 10 layers of coil pipe group from top to bottom, 1st, 2,3,8,9,10 layers is water evaporimeter layer coil pipe, and its corresponding import and export skirt is connected respectively to outer water evaporimeter import header of housing and water evaporimeter outlet header; 4th, 5,6,7 layers is vapor superheater layer coil pipe, and its corresponding import and export skirt is connected respectively on outer vapor superheater import header of housing and the vapor superheater outlet header.
As preferably, described vapor superheater import header comprises arc tube C, is drilled with two row's air inlet ports on the arc tube C, and elipse head is welded at the two ends of arc tube C respectively, is welded with on the arc tube C that steam-gas inlet is taken over and row's phlegma is taken over; Described vapor superheater outlet header comprises arc tube D, is drilled with two row's venting holes on the arc tube D, and arc tube D welds elipse head respectively in two ends, is welded with vapor outlet port adapter and the adapter of row's phlegma and emptying on the arc tube D and takes over.
Further, also comprise and be arranged at the intravital bracing frame of shell, be used to support the coil pipe group, support frame as described above is a tripod, its H shaped steel welding by two kinds of cross dimensions constitutes, wherein big cross dimensions H shaped steel connects to form three legs on leg-of-mutton tripod main backstop and the trilateral triangle from beginning to end, and light section size H shaped steel then is horizontally fixed on each limit of trivet main backstop trilateral and constitutes the auxiliary boom support.
As preferably, also comprise the gas distribution grid and the grid distributor bracing frame that are arranged at coil pipe group top, described grid distributor bracing frame comprises bracing frame body that shaped steel makes, be fixed in the rectangular steel plates of bracing frame body bottom surface and be welded on pillar stiffener on the bracing frame body, and rectangular steel plates directly is placed on the coil pipe group end face; Described gas distribution grid is made up of inner ring grid distributor and outer ring grid distributor, all each is made up of 24 fanning strips for inner ring grid distributor and outer ring grid distributor, the oblique angle is cut in the grid distributor lower right corner, outer ring and the inner ring grid distributor upper left corner respectively, position corresponding with pillar stiffener on inner ring grid distributor and the outer ring grid distributor all has assembly hole, and gas distribution grid is dismountable to be connected on the grid distributor bracing frame.
As preferably, described reaction unit comprises catalyst frame, platinum silk screen and platinum silk screen trim ring, described catalyst frame is by the top joint flange, short shell ring, the grid distributor supporting cup assembling of middle platinum silk screen supporting cup and bottom is welded, the platinum silk screen is positioned on the platinum silk screen supporting cup on the plane, platinum silk screen trim ring is pressed in the online face of platinum wire, the full circle that described platinum silk screen trim ring is spliced by connection mechanism for several arc plates, described connection mechanism comprises aligns with arc plate two ends section and welds the fixed steel bar, and by the steel bar between adjacent arc plate is connected with the clamp of adjacent arc plate splicing.
As preferably, described upper casing is provided with ignition system, described ignition system comprises the ignition system pipe by step-down gear drive rotation that is arranged at center, upper casing top, and be arranged at the oxidized still burning torch of upper casing side for ignition system pipe igniting, the structure of described ignition system pipe is an inverted T-shape structure, comprise that the top is connected drive and rotates and stretch into the intravital center of shell vertical tube with step-down gear, and vertical fixing is in the horizontal transverse tube of vertical tube lower end, center, the center vertical tube is provided with the hydrogen inlet pipe, horizontal transverse tube is 15 ° of horizontal central lower, 30 °, be drilled with three row's hydrogen injection burner ports on 45 ° of orientation, described oxidized still burning torch stretches in the housing and close horizontal transverse tube.
Further, described center vertical tube is divided into two sections, and middle the epimere axle is provided with tightness system to be threaded, and described hydrogen inlet pipe is arranged on the tightness system, and described tightness system is the two sections structure, is hollow structure between the two sections.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the coil pipe group that the heat-exchanger rig of the utility model enclosure interior constitutes for the multilayer coil pipe, the coil pipe component is water evaporimeter layer coil pipe and vapor superheater layer coil pipe, after feeding water and steam respectively, when oxidative ammonolysis, can be with the temperature of high temperature unstripped gas by progressively being reduced to about 500 ℃ by 860 ℃, and after the water evaporimeter layer coil pipe in the coil pipe group absorb heat by the coil pipe heat exchange, water temperature can be elevated to more than 250 ℃ by normal temperature in its pipe, is transported to after this high-temperature water is compiled by water evaporimeter outlet header and flashes to saturation steam in the drum for processing apparatus use thereafter.After vapor superheater layer coil pipe in the coil pipe group absorbs heat by the coil pipe heat exchange, saturation steam in its pipe is heated to form superheated vapo(u)r, the temperature of its superheated vapo(u)r can reach 440 ℃, is transported to turbocompressor after this superheated vapo(u)r is compiled by superheated vapo(u)r outlet header and uses.The heat of the part high temperature unstripped gas that leaks from catalyst frame edge and coil pipe group edge is reclaimed and attached product steam by the stage casing wall pipe group of water flowing and lower wall pipe group, and the steam of this part attached product also is pooled in the drum for other equipment uses.Made full use of unnecessary reaction heat like this and kept suitable temp in the stove, reduced the wall temperature of housing simultaneously, made the housing wall temperature control in the working temperature that case material allows.And coil pipe group and wall pipe group production cost are low, are well energy-saving and cost-reducing parts.The utility model is to the improvement of existing double pressurized method nitric acid production with the oxidized still project organization, the maximum productivity of China's separate unit oxidized still is for producing 150000 tons of nitric acid per year at present, and the utility model is brought up to 300,000 tons with the yearly capacity of homemade separate unit oxidized still, belong to world's the first, the while the utility model only year consumption of platinum silk screen catalyst can be saved about 5,000,000 yuans in 1 year, and can loss-rate same device can reduce approximately about 30%, its economic benefit is fairly obvious.And adopt of the utility model each several part removably connects more, makes things convenient for the convenience of large equipment manufacturing, transportation, installation and maintenance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model lower wall pipe group;
Fig. 3 is that the A of Fig. 2 is to structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the front view of the utility model tripod;
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of the utility model tripod shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the utility model coil pipe group;
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of the utility model coil pipe group first floor;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the utility model water evaporimeter import header;
Fig. 9 is the water-in adapter of water evaporimeter import header shown in Figure 8 and the structural representation of drain connection;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the throttle orifice joint A of water evaporimeter import header shown in Figure 8;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of the utility model water evaporimeter outlet header;
Figure 12 is row's phlegma of water evaporimeter outlet header shown in Figure 11 and the structural representation that emptying is taken over;
Figure 13 is the structural representation of the utility model vapor superheater import header;
Figure 14 is the structural representation that the steam-gas inlet of vapor superheater import header shown in Figure 13 is taken over and row's phlegma is taken over;
Figure 15 is the structural representation of the utility model vapor superheater outlet header;
Figure 16 is that the structural representation of phlegma and emptying adapter is taken over and arranged to the vapor outlet port of vapor superheater outlet header shown in Figure 15;
Figure 17 is the structural representation of the utility model stage casing wall pipe group;
Figure 18 is that the A of Figure 17 is to structural representation;
Figure 19 is that the B of Figure 17 is to structural representation;
Figure 20 is the sectional view along C-C line among Figure 17;
Figure 21 is the structural representation of the utility model catalyst frame;
Figure 22 is the sectional view along A-A line among Figure 21;
Figure 23 is the sectional view along B-B line among Figure 21;
Figure 24 is the front view of the utility model platinum silk screen trim ring;
Figure 25 is the vertical view of platinum silk screen trim ring shown in Figure 24;
Figure 26 is the structural representation of the utility model grid distributor bracing frame;
Figure 27 is the sectional drawing along A-A line among Figure 26;
Figure 28 is the structural representation of the utility model gas distribution grid;
Figure 29 is the inner ring distributing plate structure synoptic diagram of gas distribution grid shown in Figure 28;
Figure 30 is the outer ring distributing plate structure synoptic diagram of gas distribution grid shown in Figure 28;
Figure 31 is the packaging assembly synoptic diagram of the utility model grid distributor bracing frame and gas distribution grid;
Figure 32 is the structural representation of the utility model import header;
Figure 33 is the sectional view along A-A line among Figure 32;
Figure 34 is the structural representation of the utility model outlet header;
Figure 35 is the structural representation of the utility model ignition system pipe;
Figure 36 is the sectional view along A-A line among Figure 35;
Figure 37 is the distribution schematic diagram of the hydrogen injection burner port of ignition system pipe shown in Figure 35;
Figure 38 is the structural representation of the utility model tightness system.
Embodiment
As a kind of embodiment of the present utility model, to shown in Figure 38, the utility model device structure is made up of for three sections upper, middle and lower as Fig. 1, wherein:
One, oxidized still hypomere:
Following piece housing 3 internal diameters of oxidized still are φ 5850mm, form housing by vessel flange, lower shell, lower cover, and lower cover is a standard elliptical head.Lower shell and lower cover material are homemade austenitic stainless steel, and the lower cover below is welded with gas outlet tube 1 and connects usefulness for the back processing apparatus.Lower cover and skirt supporting structure 2 are welded to connect as fixing this equipment and use.The lower shell upper end is the equipment joint flange, is connected with middle piece housing 15 with bolt, and flange outer diameter φ 6055mm, material are homemade CrMo steel.
Following piece housing 3 inwalls are provided with lower wall pipe group 4 and interior protection tube 7; lower wall pipe group 4 is the close cooling stave pipe of the water flowing of piece housing 3 inwalls down, begins to arrange on the lower shell straight section coil pipe that lower wall pipe group 4 bends for weldless steel tube from lower cover; coil pipe adopts the carbon steel manufacturing, and cost is low.Gap between every circle coil pipe is pressed certain distance with band steel and is supported, and lower wall pipe group 4 is divided into six groups, and every group import and export skirt all passes down the water evaporimeter import header 36 and the water evaporimeter that are connected to outside the oxidized still behind the barrel of piece housing 3 and exports on the header 8.It mainly acts on is protection piece housing 3 down, avoids down piece housing 3 internal surfaces to bear too high temperature, and attached product steam.Interior protection tube 7 mainly is protection piece housing 3 internal surfaces down, avoids down piece housing 3 internal surfaces to bear internal high temperature gas washing away shell wall.
Internals in the following piece housing 3 mainly contain tripod-seat and tripod 10, and the tripod-seat assembling is welded on down on piece housing 3 inwalls, place tripod 10 above it, place coil pipe group 11, grid distributor bracing frame 17 and gas distribution grid 18 above the tripod 10.Tripod 10 is as the bracing frame of coil pipe group 11, material adopts homemade austenitic heat-resistance steel to make, structure adopts welded steel plate to become the H shaped steel 1001,1002 of two kinds of cross dimensions, then with H shaped steel 1001,1002 assembling welding cost tripods 10, big cross dimensions H shaped steel 1001 head and the tail connect to form three legs on leg-of-mutton tripod 10 main backstops and the trilateral triangle, and 1002 of light section size H shaped steel are horizontally fixed on each limit of tripod 10 main backstop trilaterals and constitute the auxiliary boom support.It is big and contact area is little that this tripod 10 has the overall structure size, and module of anti-bending section is big, and supporting capacity is big, and resistant to elevated temperatures again characteristics are coil pipe group 11 reasonable supporting structures in the utility model.In the present embodiment, the maximum outside diameter size of tripod 10 reaches φ 5820mm, and supporting capacity is strong.
The coil pipe group 11 that tripod 10 supported is heat-exchanger rig of the present utility model, totally 10 layers of coil pipe groups 11, each layer coil pipe is seamless tube and coils the horizontal coil pipe that is made by equidistant spiral-line mode, each layer coil pipe coiling number of turns and coiling method are all identical, its largest outer diameter is φ 5672mm, and coil pipe group 11 is divided into 148 groups.The effect of coil pipe group 11 is to reclaim the high calorie that oxidized still internal cause oxidizing reaction is produced, reclaim the heat difference by it and be divided into water evaporimeter and vapor superheater two portions, wherein: be the 1st layer topmost with coil pipe group 11 and count, 1st, 2,3,8,9,10 layers is water evaporimeter layer coil pipe, and material is a carbon steel.4th, 5,6,7 layers is vapor superheater layer coil pipe, and material is the CrMo steel.According to the suffered pyritous temperature of each layer coil pipe difference, on each layer coil pipe respectively extracted quantity do not wait into and out of mouth of pipe skirt, amount to 148 import skirts and 148 outlet pigtails.These import and export skirts are all drawn from each layer coil pipe below; and along coil pipe group 11 outward flanges down to below tripod 10 lower planes; and then be bent into π shape bend pipe 9; be positioned at water evaporimeter import header 36 on 90 ° and the 270 ° of orientation and water evaporimeter that protection tube 7 and following piece housing 3 barrels in passing at last, the import and export skirt of water evaporimeter layer coil pipe are welded to the housing outside respectively export on the header 8 accordingly on the position.The import and export skirt of vapor superheater layer coil pipe is welded to being positioned on vapor superheater import header 5 on 0 ° and the 180 ° of orientation and the vapor superheater outlet header 6 accordingly on the position of housing outside respectively.The effect of π shape bend pipe 9 is the connection elasticity that increases coil pipe group 11, avoids coil pipe group 11 at high temperature to produce excessive temperature stress.
Described water evaporimeter import header 36 comprises arc tube A3601, arc tube A3601 adopts homemade carbon steel pipe to bend and forms, be drilled with two row prosopyles 3602 on the arc tube A3601, be respectively applied for the import skirt that connects water evaporimeter layer coil pipe and lower wall pipe group 4, in order to control the caloric receptivity of each coil pipe group, all be welded with throttle orifice joint A3603 on the prosopyle 3602, endoporus in this throttle orifice joint A3603 is according to the different floor heights of coil pipe group 11, and the different positions of lower wall pipe group 4 each grouping, varying in size of its throttle diameter, make it enter coil pipe group 11 and the interior water yield difference of lower wall pipe group 4 each grouping pipe, control caloric receptivity in the different floor height different positionss place coil pipe with this, thereby make the heat absorption of oxidized still reach optimizing.Arc tube A3601 two ends are provided with flange and blind flange, so that overhaul and cleaning.Be welded with water-in adapter 3604 and drain connection 3605 on the arc tube A3601.The effect of water evaporimeter import header 36 has two, the one, in the water evaporimeter layer coil pipe that the water coolant that enters header is distributed to coil pipe group 11 respectively divides into groups in the coil pipe and lower wall pipe group 4 is respectively the divided into groups coil pipe, the 2nd, by the flooding quantity size in the different floor height different positionss of the different size controls place coil pipe of throttle orifice, the absorption heat of each coil pipe group in the controlled oxidation stove thus, thus make the heat absorption of oxidized still reach optimizing.
Described water evaporimeter outlet header 8 comprises arc tube B8001, arc tube B8001 adopts homemade carbon steel pipe to bend and forms, be drilled with two row's venting holes 8002 on the arc tube B8001, be respectively applied for the outlet pigtail of connection water evaporimeter layer coil pipe and the outlet pigtail of lower wall pipe group 4, the end welding elipse head 8003 of arc tube B8001, the other end directly is connected with external pipe, and the row's of being welded with phlegma and emptying take over 8004 on the arc tube B8001.The effect of water evaporimeter outlet header 8 is that respectively divide into groups steam that steam in the coil pipe and lower wall pipe group 4 produce of the water evaporimeter layer coil pipe with coil pipe group 11 is collected and gathered, and is transported to then and flashes to saturated vapo(u)r in the drum for processing apparatus use thereafter.
Described vapor superheater import header 5 comprises arc tube C5001, arc tube C5001 adopts homemade CrMo steel tube bending to form, be drilled with two row's air inlet ports 5002 on the arc tube C5001, be used to connect the import skirt of vapor superheater layer coil pipe, elipse head 5003 is welded at the two ends of arc tube C5001 respectively, be welded with steam-gas inlet adapter 5004 and row's phlegma adapter 5005 on the arc tube C5001, the effect of vapor superheater import header 5 is that the vapor distribution that will enter heats in the coil pipe that respectively divides into groups of vapor superheater layer coil pipe.Steam-gas inlet is taken over 5004 and is connected with external pipe by flange.
Described vapor superheater outlet header 6 comprises arc tube D6001, arc tube D6001 adopts homemade CrMo steel tube bending to form, be drilled with two row's venting holes 6002 on the arc tube D6001, be respectively applied for the outlet pigtail that connects vapor superheater layer coil pipe, elipse head 6003 is welded at the two ends of arc tube D6001 respectively.Be welded with vapor outlet port adapter 6004 and row's phlegma and emptying on the arc tube D6001 and take over 6005.The effect of vapor superheater outlet header 6 is the superheated vapour in the coil pipe that respectively divides into groups of vapor superheater layer coil pipe to be collected to gather be transported to the turbocompressor use then.Vapor outlet port is taken over 6004 and directly is connected with Outer Tube.
Two, oxidized still stage casing:
Be provided with the catalyst reaction unit in the oxidized still stage casing, described catalyst reaction unit comprises catalyst frame 19, platinum silk screen 22, and platinum silk screen trim ring 20.The oxidized still stage casing mainly is made up of component such as middle piece housing 15, stage casing wall pipe group 13, middle segment protect tube 14, temperature measuring equipment 16, grid distributor bracing frame 17, gas distribution grid 18, catalyst frame 19, platinum (Pt) silk screen (catalyst) 22, platinum (Pt) silk screen (catalyst) trim rings 20.Wherein:
Middle piece housing 15 materials are homemade CrMo steel, cylindrical shell interior diameter φ 5850mm, the cylindrical shell two ends all are welded with vessel flange, lower flange external diameter φ 6055mm, upper flange external diameter φ 6115mm, and be welded with the short shell ring flange components that an interior diameter is φ 5850mm on the upper flange sealing-ring.Upper and lower flange is connected with piece housing 3 flanges under the oxidized still with oxidized still upper casing 23 with bolt respectively.
Middle piece housing 15 internal surfaces are assembled with stage casing wall pipe group 13 and middle segment protect tube 14, and stage casing wall pipe group 13 is made of the many groups of wall pipe groups near the water flowing of middle piece housing 15 inwalls, and stage casing wall pipe group 13 is a spiral pipe.As housing cooling stave pipe, and attached producing steam is used.Stage casing wall pipe group 13 itself is divided into 7 groups, and in being arranged on piece housing 15 inwalls, the barrel of segment protect tube 14 and middle piece housing 15 is welded to respectively on the import header 35 and outlet header 34 of housing outside then in the passing into and out of the mouth of pipe of 7 groups of wall pipes.Stage casing wall pipe group 13 is the carbon steel pipe and bends and form, wherein the 8th circle coil pipe external diameter from top to bottom is φ 5850mm, connect on the cylinder inboard wall that directly is welded on middle piece housing 15 with φ 12 round steel, the 8th circle is whole full welds to the gap between the 15th circle coil pipe, and all the other gaps of respectively enclosing between the coil pipe are supported at interval with band steel.Segment protect tube 14 in the medial surface assembling of stage casing wall pipe group 13, this protection tube 14 mainly is piece housing 15 internal surfaces in the protection, piece housing 15 internal surfaces bear internal high temperature gas washing away shell wall in avoiding.
Also increased the inner periphery that the thick ceramic fiber heat-insulation blanket of one deck 3mm covers stage casing wall pipe group 13 in addition in the inboard of stage casing wall pipe group 13, because the thermal radiation that catalyst frame 19 and platinum silk screen 22 places produce because of reaction high temperature, be in lower temperature to deaden with the wall temperature of piece housing 15 in guaranteeing.
The short shell ring flange components that middle piece housing 15 top interior diameters are φ 5850mm is used to support catalyst frame 19.The structure of this catalyst frame 19 is welded by joint flange 1901, short shell ring, middle platinum silk screen supporting cup 1903 and following grid distributor supporting cup 1904 assemblings, on the platinum silk screen supporting cup 1903 on the plane, platinum silk screen trim ring 20 was pressed in above the platinum silk screen 22 in the middle of platinum silk screen 22 was placed on.All separate on the platinum silk screen 22 upper and lower surface outer circular edge with ceramic fiber seal strip and platinum silk screen supporting cup 1903 and platinum silk screen trim ring 20.The plane is provided with grid distributor bracing frame 17 and gas distribution grid 18 on the catalyst frame 19 below grid distributor supporting cups 1904, and grid distributor bracing frame 17 is placed on the coil pipe group 11.Dress CDM project catalyzer is to reduce discharging N between gas distribution grid 18 and the platinum silk screen 22
2O.The short shell ring 1902 in catalyst frame 19 intermediary platinum silk screen supporting cups 1903 and joint flange 1901 and top adopts homemade non-corrosive material; on the inner headed face of platinum silk screen supporting cup 1903 and the following disk, be bent into the angle protecting sheet with pyroceram fibre and Inconel601 steel sheet and be pressed on the plane as thermal insulation layer.Short shell ring 1905 in bottom and grid distributor supporting cup 1904 adopt Inconel601 import heat-resisting steel material, platinum silk screen supporting cup 1903 and grid distributor supporting cup 1904 are all considered the thermal distortion under the high temperature and are had the telescopic chute 1906 of 3mm along inner periphery, structure is very simple, the one, even under the state that high temperature uses, can not produce high temperature oxidation yet, and this catalyst frame 19 has enough module of anti-bending section under use temperature, and is simple in structure, manufacture difficulty is less; The 2nd, satisfy 22 installations of platinum silk screen and newly-increased CDM project fully and reduce discharging N
2O makes platinum silk screen 22 and the catalyzer optimum that is in horizontal plane in service with the requirement of catalyst loading, guarantees that platinum silk screen 22 and catalyzer reach normal design service life; The 3rd, belonging to does not have the maintenance design, and the replacing of platinum silk screen 22 is very convenient, reduces the system shutdown repair time thus, reduces maintenance cost.
The full circle that platinum silk screen trim ring 20 is spliced by connection mechanism for several arc plates 2001, described connection mechanism comprises aligns with arc plate 2001 two ends sections and welds fixed steel bar 2002, and is connected and with the clamp 2003 of adjacent arc plate 2001 splicings by the steel bar 2002 with 2001 of adjacent arc plates.Platinum silk screen trim ring 20 compresses the trim ring of platinum silk screen 22 for relying on deadweight, adopt the homemade austenite heat-resistance roll of steel plate of DN5510mm to make cylinder, and then evenly be split into 8 arc plates 2001, align with arc plate 2001 sections and firm welding with the steel bar 2002 of the homogeneous material of 8 * 8mm and certain-length at the two ends of every arc plate 2001, connect with clamp 2003 then.8 arc plates 2001 are pieced together becoming a full circle, gone up with clamp 2003 cards and be about to platinum silk screen trim ring 20 and connect into an integral body, platinum silk screen trim ring 20 can be taken away one by one after taking off clamp 2003, very convenient during replacing platinum silk screen 22.Be welded with the concentricity of preset pieces 2004 on the excircle of platinum silk screen trim ring 20, as the ballast of pressing platinum silk screen 22 to guarantee that platinum silk screen trim ring 20 is installed.
Grid distributor bracing frame 17 is mainly used in and supports gas distribution grid 18, because the position of grid distributor bracing frame 17 and gas distribution grid 18 and the locus of platinum silk screen 22 catalyst layers are very near, directly bear high-temperature gas mixture body and platinum silk screen 22 catalyst layers formed by ammonia and air and react high temperature (temperature the is up to 860 °) heat of being emitted, consider that simultaneously the device structure size is bigger, so these grid distributor bracing frame 17 structures have been carried out particular design.Described grid distributor bracing frame 17 comprises the bracing frame body 1701 that adopts shaped steel to make, be fixed in the rectangular steel plates 1702 of bracing frame body bottom surface and be welded on pillar stiffener 1703 on the bracing frame body, and the shaped steel of support frame as described above body 1701 is formed by the compacting of Inconel601 material.Pillar stiffener 1703 is used for fixing gas distribution grid 18, leave bigger gap between the assembly hole 1803 of pillar stiffener 1703 and gas distribution grid 18, adopt large size packing ring and movable connection method at the upper and lower surface that is connected with gas distribution grid 18, the rectangular steel plates 1702 of bracing frame body 1701 bottom surfaces directly is placed on coil pipe group 11 end faces, when coil pipe group 11 end faces not at ordinary times, can adjust the assembling levelness by below rectangular steel plates 1702, adding thin backing plate.Such structure design is very effective for eliminating gas distribution grid 18 dilatational strain at high temperature, can guarantee fully that gas distribution grid 18 is smooth indeformable at hot operation state lower face, makes the assembly and disassembly of gas distribution grid 18 all very convenient simultaneously.
Described gas distribution grid 18 is made up of inner ring grid distributor 1801 and outer ring grid distributor 1802, all each is made up of 24 fanning strips for inner ring grid distributor 1801 and outer ring grid distributor 1802, the oblique angle is cut in outer ring grid distributor 1802 lower right corner and inner ring grid distributor 1801 upper left corners respectively, position corresponding with pillar stiffener on inner ring grid distributor 1801 and the outer ring grid distributor 1802 all has assembly hole 1803, gas distribution grid 18 dismountable being connected on the grid distributor bracing frame 17.Because it is very near with the locus of reaction unit, 860 ° the high-temperature of being up to that reaction emits will directly be born, so the material of this gas distribution grid 18 all adopts Inconel601 import high temperature steel, and has structurally taken into full account the influence of expanding with heat and contract with cold of material under the high temperature.The main effect that gas distribution grid 18 is set at this place is that high-temperature gas is distributed again, so that high-temperature gas is evenly distributed in the space of whole coil pipe group 11, with the heat that guarantees that coil pipe group 11 even absorption reactions produce, thereby reach the purpose that reclaims heat to greatest extent.
Respectively the divide into groups import of coil pipe connects header to described import header 35 as stage casing wall pipe group 13, it comprises import header main body 3501, the straight tube that import header main body 3501 is made for the carbon element pipe, import header main body 3501 along continuous straight runs are drilled with prosopyle 3502, be welded with throttle orifice joint B3503 on the prosopyle 3502, this throttle orifice joint B3503 is used to limit the water yield that enters in stage casing wall pipe group 13 each grouping pipe, control caloric receptivity in the different positions place coil pipe with this, thereby make the heat absorption of oxidized still reach optimizing.Import header main body 3501 belows are provided with a liquid discharge pipe 3504, import header main body 3501 a wherein end is provided with flange flat cover 3505, make things convenient for overhaul and clean import header 35 inside, the other end is provided with reducer pipe connecting flange 3506, is used for being connected with external pipe.
Respectively the divide into groups outlet of coil pipe connects header to described outlet header 34 as stage casing wall pipe group 13, it comprises outlet header main body 3401, the straight tube that outlet header main body 3401 is made for carbon steel tubing, outlet header main body 3401 below along continuous straight runs are drilled with venting hole 3402, the top is provided with a vapor pipe 3403, outlet header main body 3,401 one ends are provided with end socket 3404, and the other end is provided with reducer and takes over 3405, is used for directly being connected with external pipe.The effect of outlet header 34 is the steam in the coil pipe that respectively divides into groups of stage casing wall pipe group 13 to be collected to gather to be transported to then flash to saturated vapo(u)r in the drum for processing apparatus use thereafter.
Three, oxidized still epimere:
Intersegmental part is provided with ignition system on the oxidized still, and ignition system comprises that being located at center, housing top drives the ignition system pipe 24 that rotates by step-down gear 31, and is located at the oxidized still burning torch 21 that the housing side is 24 igniting of ignition system pipe.The oxidized still epimere is made up of upper casing 23, oxidized still burning torch 21, ignition system pipe 24, parts such as three layers of gas distribution grid 25, supporting tube 26, gas inlet tube 27, pedestal 28, tightness system 29, deceleration frame 30, step-down gear 31, hydrogen inlet pipe 32 and platform 33.Wherein: upper casing 23 is made up of upper shell and upper cover, and its internal diameter is φ 5900mm.Upper shell and upper cover material are homemade austenitic stainless steel, and the upper shell lower end is the equipment joint flange, and flange material is homemade CrMo steel, and flange outer diameter φ 6115mm is connected with the upper flange of middle piece housing 15 with bolt.Be provided with gas inlet tube 27 in the upper cover center, this gas inlet tube 27 be oxidized still equipment mainly advance the material interface, consider the equipment size superelevation, consider from making things convenient for requirements on transport, be connected with the male flange bolt fastening structure is dismountable between gas inlet tube 27 and the upper cover, when transportation, gas inlet tube 27 can be pulled down separately transportation.Above upper cover, be provided with dismountable service platform 33.
The cone that upper casing 23 internals mainly are equipped with 25, three layers of gas distribution grid 25 of three layers of gas distribution grid supports with supporting tube 26 liftings, and its effect is that ammonia and the Air mixing gas that will enter in the gas inlet tube 27 are evenly distributed in the whole housing.
The working process of oxidized still is as follows:
1, at first step-down gear 31 energisings are rotated, fast rise ignition system pipe 24 rotates in oxidized still with the rotating speed that per minute 5.5 changes, feed hydrogen from hydrogen inlet pipe 32 then, again from 21 igniting of oxidized still burning torch, the flame of lighting is by the hydrogen injection burner port 2403 on the fire jetting hole blow-off point burning-point ignition system pipe 24 horizontal transverse tubes of oxidized still burning torch 21 belows, and by the end of horizontal transverse tube 2402 burning is to whole horizontal transverse tube 2402 length rapidly, oxidized still burning torch 21 quits work then.
2, ignition system pipe 24 rotates simultaneously at incendiary, the direct even heating platinum of its flame silk screen 22, and the catalyst of platinum silk screen 22 belows in the whole catalyst frame 19.Reach the temperature of reaction (about about 500 ℃) of ammonia and air gas mixture when the catalyst Heating temperature of its platinum silk screen 22 and platinum silk screen 22 belows after, send into the high-temperature gas mixture body of ammonia and air from gas inlet tube 27, the high-temperature gas mixture body at first is evenly distributed to whole oxidized still epimere space by three layers of gas distribution grid 25, contact and produce oxidizing reaction with platinum silk screen 22 downwards on whole platinum silk screen 22 catalyst faces then, its reaction process is as follows:
The NO that oxidizing reaction obtains
2Be and produce the required unstripped gas of nitric acid, this unstripped gas also needs further to purify to reach the required concentration of product in operation process thereafter certainly.Since ammonia oxidation be strong exothermal reaction, reaction institute liberated heat will make temperature of reaction continue to raise, its maximum temperature can reach 860 ℃, this oxidizing reaction decapacitation is kept outside id reaction proceeds, unnecessary heat must recycle.After oxidizing reaction reaches stopping reaction, to close hydrogen inlet pipe 32 and close step-down gear 31 power supplys simultaneously, ignition system pipe 24 quits work.
3, the heat put of oxidative ammonolysis, except that a part of heat was used to keep proceeding of oxidizing reaction, all the other heats mainly absorbed by coil pipe group 11.Reacted high-temperature gas is down at first by gas distribution grid 18, make high-temperature gas again uniform distribution and downwards order by the spatial dimension of coil pipe group 11, and carry out thermal exchange at this, the temperature of high temperature unstripped gas progressively is reduced to about 500 ℃ by 860 ℃, escapes and enter the back operation by oxidized still below gas outlet tube 1 then.After water evaporimeter layer coil pipe in the coil pipe group 11 absorbs heat by the coil pipe heat exchange, water temperature can be elevated to more than 250 ℃ by normal temperature in its pipe, is transported to after this high-temperature water is compiled by water evaporimeter outlet header 8 and flashes to saturation steam in the drum for processing apparatus use thereafter.After vapor superheater layer coil pipe in the coil pipe group 11 absorbs heat by the coil pipe heat exchange, saturation steam in its pipe is heated to form superheated vapo(u)r, the temperature of its superheated vapo(u)r can reach 440 ℃, is transported to turbocompressor after this superheated vapo(u)r is compiled by vapor superheater outlet header 6 and uses.
Removing coil pipe group 11 reclaims beyond the unnecessary heat of high temperature unstripped gas, the part high temperature unstripped gas of coming out by catalyst frame 19 edges and coil pipe group 11 ovfls, also will flow downward by the slit between coil pipe group 11 and stage casing wall pipe group 13 and the lower wall pipe group 4, the heat of this a part of high temperature unstripped gas, and catalyst 19 and and the radiant heat that produced of coil pipe group 11, reclaim and attached producing steam by stage casing wall pipe group 13 and lower wall pipe group 4, the steam of this part attached product also is pooled in the drum and uses for other equipment.
Claims (10)
1. produce 300000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills per year for one kind, comprise the gas inlet tube of housing, case top, the reaction unit of enclosure interior, the thermofin of inner walls, the heat-exchanger rig of enclosure interior and the gas outlet tube of housing bottom, it is characterized in that: described thermofin is made of the many groups of wall pipe groups near the water flowing of inner walls, the coil pipe that described wall Guan Zuwei weldless steel tube bends, the import and export skirt of every group of wall pipe group all are connected on the outer corresponding header of housing; The coil pipe group that described heat-exchanger rig constitutes for the multilayer coil pipe, every layer of its structure of coil pipe is seamless tube and coils the horizontal coil pipe that is made by equidistant spiral-line mode, the import and export skirt that the difference extracted quantity does not wait on each layer coil pipe is connected on housing outer the water evaporimeter import and export header and vapor superheater import and export header.
2. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described housing is made up of for three sections upper, middle and lower, connect by flange between upper casing, middle piece housing and the following piece housing, upper casing is made up of upper shell and upper cover, and the upper cover center is provided with dismountable gas inlet tube; Following piece housing is made up of lower shell and lower cover, and the lower cover below is welded with gas outlet tube; Described wall pipe component is stage casing wall pipe group and lower wall pipe group, is arranged at stage casing inner walls and hypomere inner walls respectively, and the coil pipe of stage casing wall pipe group is divided into 7 groups, and every group import and export skirt all is connected on outer import header of housing and the outlet header; The coil pipe of lower wall pipe group is divided into 6 groups, and every group import and export skirt all is connected on the outer water evaporimeter import and export header of housing.
3. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described import header comprises import header main body, described import header main body is a straight tube, the one end is provided with the flange flat cover, the other end is provided with the reducer pipe connecting flange, import header main body along continuous straight runs is drilled with the prosopyle, is welded with throttle orifice joint B on the prosopyle; Described outlet header comprises outlet header main body, and described outlet header main body is a straight tube, and the one end is provided with end socket, and the other end is provided with reducer and takes over, and outlet header main body top is provided with a vapor pipe, and the below along continuous straight runs is drilled with venting hole; Described water evaporimeter import header comprises arc tube A, is drilled with two row prosopyles on the arc tube A, all is welded with throttle orifice joint A on the prosopyle, and arc tube A two ends are provided with flange and blind flange, also are welded with water-in on the arc tube A and take over and drain connection; Described water evaporimeter outlet header comprises arc tube B, is drilled with two row's venting holes on the arc tube B, the end welding elipse head of arc tube B, and the other end connects external pipe, and adapter of the row's of being welded with phlegma and emptying are taken on the arc tube B.
4. according to 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of any described a kind of annual output in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that: the coil pipe group of described heat-exchanger rig is 10 layers, 148 groups altogether, add up to 148 import skirts and 148 outlet pigtails, 10 layers of coil pipe group from top to bottom, 1st, 2,3,8,9,10 layers is water evaporimeter layer coil pipe, and its corresponding import and export skirt is connected respectively to outer water evaporimeter import header of housing and water evaporimeter outlet header; 4th, 5,6,7 layers is vapor superheater layer coil pipe, and its corresponding import and export skirt is connected respectively on outer vapor superheater import header of housing and the vapor superheater outlet header.
5. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described vapor superheater import header comprises arc tube C, be drilled with two row's air inlet ports on the arc tube C, elipse head is welded at the two ends of arc tube C respectively, is welded with steam-gas inlet on the arc tube C and takes over and arrange the phlegma adapter; Described vapor superheater outlet header comprises arc tube D, is drilled with two row's venting holes on the arc tube D, and arc tube D welds elipse head respectively in two ends, is welded with vapor outlet port adapter and the adapter of row's phlegma and emptying on the arc tube D and takes over.
6. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: also comprise being arranged at the intravital bracing frame of shell, be used to support the coil pipe group, support frame as described above is a tripod, its H shaped steel welding by two kinds of cross dimensions constitutes, wherein big cross dimensions H shaped steel connects to form three legs on leg-of-mutton tripod main backstop and the trilateral triangle from beginning to end, and light section size H shaped steel then is horizontally fixed on each limit of trivet main backstop trilateral and constitutes the auxiliary boom support.
7. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: also comprise the gas distribution grid and the grid distributor bracing frame that are arranged at coil pipe group top, described grid distributor bracing frame comprises bracing frame body that shaped steel makes, be fixed in the rectangular steel plates of bracing frame body bottom surface and be welded on pillar stiffener on the bracing frame body, and rectangular steel plates directly is placed on the coil pipe group end face; Described gas distribution grid is made up of inner ring grid distributor and outer ring grid distributor, all each is made up of 24 fanning strips for inner ring grid distributor and outer ring grid distributor, the oblique angle is cut in the grid distributor lower right corner, outer ring and the inner ring grid distributor upper left corner respectively, position corresponding with pillar stiffener on inner ring grid distributor and the outer ring grid distributor all has assembly hole, and gas distribution grid is dismountable to be connected on the grid distributor bracing frame.
8. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described reaction unit comprises catalyst frame, platinum silk screen and platinum silk screen trim ring, described catalyst frame is by the top joint flange, short shell ring, the grid distributor supporting cup assembling of middle platinum silk screen supporting cup and bottom is welded, the platinum silk screen is positioned on the platinum silk screen supporting cup on the plane, platinum silk screen trim ring is pressed in the online face of platinum wire, the full circle that described platinum silk screen trim ring is spliced by connection mechanism for several arc plates, described connection mechanism comprises aligns with arc plate two ends section and welds the fixed steel bar, and by the steel bar between adjacent arc plate is connected with the clamp of adjacent arc plate splicing.
9. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described upper casing is provided with ignition system, described ignition system comprises the ignition system pipe by step-down gear drive rotation that is arranged at center, upper casing top, and be arranged at the oxidized still burning torch of upper casing side for ignition system pipe igniting, the structure of described ignition system pipe is an inverted T-shape structure, comprise that the top is connected drive and rotates and stretch into the intravital center of shell vertical tube with step-down gear, and vertical fixing is in the horizontal transverse tube of vertical tube lower end, center, the center vertical tube is provided with the hydrogen inlet pipe, horizontal transverse tube is 15 ° of horizontal central lower, 30 °, be drilled with three row's hydrogen injection burner ports on 45 ° of orientation, described oxidized still burning torch stretches in the housing and close horizontal transverse tube.
10. 300,000 tons of nitric acid oxidized stills of a kind of annual output according to claim 9, it is characterized in that: described center vertical tube is divided into two sections, middle to be threaded, the epimere axle is provided with tightness system, described hydrogen inlet pipe is arranged on the tightness system, described tightness system is the two sections structure, is hollow structure between the two sections.
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| CN2011200917830U CN201971639U (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Nitric acid producing oxidation oven with annual output of 300,000 tons of nitric acid |
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| CN2011200917830U CN201971639U (en) | 2011-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Nitric acid producing oxidation oven with annual output of 300,000 tons of nitric acid |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102424370A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-04-25 | 四川久源机械制造有限公司 | Oxidation furnace used for production of nitric acid by using dual-pressure process and capable of outputting 360,000 tons of nitric acid annually |
| CN110345510A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 新疆玉象胡杨化工有限公司 | Igniter and reacting furnace for double pressurization dilute nitric acid productions |
| CN111892025A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-06 | 四川久源机械制造有限公司 | Ammonia oxidation furnace for producing nitric acid by normal pressure method and process method thereof |
| WO2023116648A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | 赛鼎工程有限公司 | Ammoxidation reactor and method for producing nitric acid |
-
2011
- 2011-03-31 CN CN2011200917830U patent/CN201971639U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102424370A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-04-25 | 四川久源机械制造有限公司 | Oxidation furnace used for production of nitric acid by using dual-pressure process and capable of outputting 360,000 tons of nitric acid annually |
| CN102424370B (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2013-07-31 | 四川久源机械制造有限公司 | Oxidation furnace used for production of nitric acid by using dual-pressure process and capable of outputting 360,000 tons of nitric acid annually |
| CN110345510A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-18 | 新疆玉象胡杨化工有限公司 | Igniter and reacting furnace for double pressurization dilute nitric acid productions |
| CN111892025A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-06 | 四川久源机械制造有限公司 | Ammonia oxidation furnace for producing nitric acid by normal pressure method and process method thereof |
| WO2023116648A1 (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2023-06-29 | 赛鼎工程有限公司 | Ammoxidation reactor and method for producing nitric acid |
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