CN201956675U - Distributed generation island detection system based on power-frequency carrier - Google Patents
Distributed generation island detection system based on power-frequency carrier Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a distributed generation island detection system based on a power-frequency carrier, which comprises a power-frequency carrier signal generating device, a power-frequency carrier signal detection device, a signal coupling transformer, a substation bus, a distributed generation power supply and a safety isolation breaker. A voltage and current monitoring circuit is arranged in the power-frequency carrier signal generating device and used for controlling the transmission power of power-frequency signals; and a hardware signal synthesis circuit is arranged in the power-frequency carrier signal detection device and used for doubling the amplitude of the received power-frequency signals. The detection system has no island non-detection zone, is not restricted by the installation and replacement technology of network energy, and is suitable for various methods, such as inverter synchronization, induction motor synchronization and the like; the higher the permeability of systematic distributed generation is, the better the economic performance of the detection system is; and the distributed generation island detection system relates to distributed grid-connected power generation, is an effective system for island signal detection and anti-islanding protection of a power grid, has very high technical and economic performances when being applied under the condition that the distributed generation has high permeability in a distribution network, and has a huge application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of distributed power generation alone island detection system and detection method thereof, belong to the power system automation technology field based on work frequency carrier.
Background technology
So-called isolated island be meant when electrical network because of accident or when having a power failure maintenance, the user side distributed generation system does not cut off the electrical network that is incorporated into the power networks with self, and forms the system of a self-energizing of distribute generating and the composition of load on every side.Isolated island comprises plan isolated island and unplanned isolated island, wherein plans isolated island and can continue operation at major network outage back distributed power generation, and to a part of important load power supply, unplanned isolated island then must stop to power to the load after the major network outage.Island detection is one of key technical problem that solves distributed power generation " difficulty is incorporated into the power networks ", and the accuracy of its detection is the prerequisite that distributed power generation is incorporated into the power networks and the islet operation two states takes over seamlessly, and is the primary condition that the microgrid energy management system realizes.
At present, island detection mainly contains based on the local detection method of local electric parameters feature (these electric parameters comprise frequency, voltage, harmonic wave, impedance etc.) with based on two kinds of methods of remote detection of the communication technology.Wherein, the local detection is divided into passive detection and active detecting method again.Passive detection method is at distributed power generation and have inevitably detection blind area, and the active detecting method exists reliability and interference problem, and both comprehensively can draw high the detection cost again.Island detection based on communication, must monitor the on off operating mode of switch in the distribution, monitor trip signal in real time, this method depends on the support of communication network, the communication network construction cost also is a key obstacle, and the change at random of power distribution network topology also is based on a difficult point of communication island detection simultaneously.
ZL200810034105.3, parallel network active alone island detection system and method based on M sequence modulation and variance judgement, when being incorporated into the power networks, public tie point voltage is controlled by electrical network owing to be incorporated into the power networks, and randomness is little, and the random sequence variance yields that is obtained is very little, and during isolated island, the public tie point voltage that is incorporated into the power networks is controlled by inverter output, and inverter output is subjected to digital signal processor to modulate the characteristics with random signal, so variance yields will increase greatly.Major defect is to have the island detection blind area.
ZL201010109828.2 applies the frequency shift (FS) island detection method that pulse current disturbs, and this method can be accelerated fault detect speed, dwindles and detects the blind area, and is less to the influence of electrical network.Its major defect is to have the island detection blind area.And electrical network is caused certain interference.
ZL 201010210918.0, distributed generator islanding detection method based on impedance measurement, this principle has been utilized under distributed power generation and net state and the lonely net state, the greatly characteristics of variation will appear in system's equiva lent impedance, high-frequency voltage signal is injected in the contact point being incorporated into the power networks, change by measuring voltage, the reflection impedance variation, whether the system that just can judge is current links to each other with big electrical network.But, realize that difficulty is bigger because the electric network impedance time varying characteristic is obvious.
Along with the propelling that intelligent grid is built, to estimate in the adapted electrical network to have a large amount of distributed power source access demands, following distributed power generation and little electrical network are with popularization and application at home.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to:, provide a kind of distributed power generation island detection method of highly effective in order to tackle the access demand of distributed power source in low and medium voltage distribution network.For Automation of Electric Systems, the development of intelligent adapted electricity solve some critical technical problems.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is according to the essential characteristic of China's power distribution network, adopt the island detection in work frequency carrier technology realization distributed power generation and the little electrical network, the device that relates in the system has work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus and work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument.The present invention be incorporated into the power networks for distributed power generation and little electrical network in the protection of isolated island input, anti-isolated island a kind of effective method is provided, under the high situation of distributed power generation permeability in power distribution network, use and have very high technical and economic performance.
A kind of distributed power generation alone island detection system that the present invention proposes based on work frequency carrier, this system comprises the work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus, the work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument, the signal coupling transformer, substation bus bar, distributed power generation power supply and safe isolation circuit breakers, described work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus is built-in with the electric current and voltage observation circuit, the work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus links to each other with the signal coupling transformer by four power cables of three-phase and four-line, the signal coupling transformer links to each other with substation bus bar by three power cables, substation bus bar is connected with safe isolation circuit breakers with the 10kV/400V transformer by feeder line, described work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument is installed between safe isolation circuit breakers and the distributed power generation power supply, described work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument is built-in with the hardware signal combiner circuit, and the work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument is connected on the low voltage electric network with detection signal by four power cables of three-phase and four-line.
Wherein, described work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus is received on the signal coupling transformer by A phase, B phase, C phase firewire and N center line.
Wherein, described work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument is received on the low voltage electric network by A phase, B phase, C phase firewire and N center line, perhaps receives on the low voltage electric network by a phase and N center line in A phase, B phase, the C phase firewire.
Wherein, the high-pressure side of described signal coupling transformer is connected with substation bus bar by three high-tension fuses, the low-pressure side of signal coupling transformer is connected with the work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus by three breaker of plastic casing, and described work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus carries out information exchange by communication interface and tele-control system.
Wherein, described hardware signal combiner circuit comprises voltage transformer, hardware adder and the full-bridge filter circuit that is made of electric capacity and resistance.
Wherein, described voltage transformer adopts 3, be respectively first voltage transformer, second voltage transformer and the tertiary voltage instrument transformer that are used to finish the strong and weak conversion of signal, first voltage transformer is identical with the no-load voltage ratio of second voltage transformer, and the no-load voltage ratio of tertiary voltage instrument transformer is 1.732 times of the first voltage transformer no-load voltage ratio.
Wherein, described electric current and voltage observation circuit comprises A/D sample circuit, filter circuit, current transformer CT1, voltage transformer pt 1, capacitor C 1 and two resistance R 1, R2; The former limit of current transformer CT1 is received in the modulated current loop, and current transformer CT1 secondary connects capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1, and this capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1 back in parallel one termination signal ground, the other end are directly connected to the A/D sample circuit by filter circuit; Voltage transformer pt 1 former limit one terminates to the 220V zero line, the other end is connected with the 220V live wire by a resistance, and voltage transformer pt 1 secondary one terminates to signal ground, the other end is directly connected to the A/D sample circuit by filter circuit.
Wherein, described filter circuit adopts active low-pass filter circuit; Described A/D sample circuit adopts the A/D converter that is integrated into microprocessor.
This detection system is finished by following detection method: the work frequency carrier signal is sent by the work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus and is coupled to substation bus bar through the signal coupling transformer, signal is monitored this work frequency carrier signal through medium voltage network, distribution transformer and low voltage electric network transmission in real time by the work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument that is installed in the distributed power generation place of being incorporated into the power networks.
Adopt transmitted power from monitoring method, the transmission current peak of control work frequency carrier signal is greater than 300A, less than 600A.
The work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus sends to the work frequency carrier signal on the substation bus bar by the signal coupling transformer, and signal coupling transformer capacity less than 600kVA, is a signal detection cycle with 40ms greater than 200kVA, and the signal effective range is 6ms.
The work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument is installed in distributed power generation safe isolation circuit breakers distributed power generation one side that is incorporated into the power networks, signal supervisory instrument is a signal detection cycle with 40ms, if all do not detect signal in the 200ms continuously, then send trip signal toward the safe isolation circuit breakers that is incorporated into the power networks.
The work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus can monitor signal sends voltage and current, adjusts transmitted power automatically, makes the signal drive point be no more than power-frequency voltage by just 30 spending electrical degree, i.e. 3.33ms before the negative zero crossing.
Work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument built-in signal hardware combiner circuit, circuit adopt RC full-bridge all-pass wave filtering circuit, and effective frequency range of not losing signal makes the signal received energy strengthen one times simultaneously.
The work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument makes the distributed power generation safe isolation circuit breakers tripping operation of being incorporated into the power networks by the output trip signal.Tripping operation drive signal linear distance can adopt pulse output in short-term during less than 10m, when distance then adopts bus communication during greater than 10m.
Distributed power generation is that photovoltaic generation, small-size wind power-generating or energy storage are generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. system of the present invention does not have the island detection blind area;
2. be not incorporated into the power networks energy dress of system of the present invention changes limitation of the technology, is applicable to multiple modes such as inverter is incorporated into the power networks and induction machine is incorporated into the power networks;
3. system of the present invention distributed power generation permeability is higher, and economic performance of the present invention has very large application prospect better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 constitutes schematic diagram according to system of the present invention and detection method system thereof;
Fig. 2 is that the work frequency carrier signal sends the waveform schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus and signal coupling transformer connection diagram;
Fig. 4 is the voltage and current detection circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is a work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument connection diagram;
Fig. 6 is that the work frequency carrier signal sends current waveform;
Fig. 7 is a work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument signal hardware signal synthesis circuit schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the primary signal before the signal hardware signal synthesis circuit.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention relates to a kind of distributed power generation and little electrical network alone island detection system and detection method thereof based on the transmission of work frequency carrier signal.System comprises that mainly near 1, one of a work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus that is placed on the terminal distribution substation is placed on the be incorporated into the power networks work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2 at place of distributed power source.Wherein signal coupling transformer 3 of logical 1 mistake of work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus is connected on the substation bus bar 4.Work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus 1 each power frequency period 40ms sends a signal, and the useful signal duration is in 6ms.Work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2 is the cycle detection signal with 40ms, if continuous 5 power frequency periods and 200ms do not detect signal, can judge that then substation bus bar 4 disconnects to the connection electrical network between the distributed power generation power supply 5.Work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2 sends trip signal immediately and makes distributed power generation safe isolation circuit breakers 6 tripping operations of being incorporated into the power networks, and distributed power generation power supply 5 cuts off from major network.
As shown in Figure 2, always having 4 voltage cycles among the figure, is that 40ms is a signal modulation period with two voltage cycles, every a single-phase thyristor voltage of voltage cycle by just conducting is once in the 30 degree scopes before the negative zero crossing, 11 and 13 position modulation among the figure, does not modulate 12 and 14 positions.The work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument is in be incorporated into the power networks step down side detection signal distortion of distributed power generation.Former and later two cycles subtract each other during input, and promptly signal is done calculus of differences through after the analog-to-digital conversion, then can extract the transient signal of modulation, and a signal identification needs two power frequency cycles, and finishing a power frequency distorted signal identification like this needs 40ms at least.
As shown in Figure 3, signal coupling transformer 3 high-pressure sides are that the 10kV side is connected on the substation bus bar 4 by three high- tension fuses 21,22 and 23, and signal coupling transformer 3 low-pressure sides are that the 400V side is connected to work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus 1 by three breaker of plastic casing 24,25 and 26.Work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus 1 is by communication interface 27 and tele-control system exchange message, signals such as these information comprise system start-up, stop, generating apparatus abnormality alarming.The remote control communication passage can be selected various communication modes, but requires the communication delay size constant.Work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus 1 is received on the signal coupling transformer 3 by A phase, B phase, C phase firewire and N center line, and signal sends can realize any single-phase transmission, two-phase concurrent sends and the parallel transmission of three-phase arbitrarily.
Be built-in with the electric current and voltage observation circuit in the work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus 1, as shown in Figure 4, the former limit of current transformer CT1 is received in the modulated current loop, the CT1 no-load voltage ratio is 1: 1, current transformer CT1 secondary connects capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1, capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1 back in parallel one termination signal ground, the other end is directly connected to the A/D sample circuit by filter circuit, is used to monitor the signal modulated current of work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus 1; Voltage transformer pt 1 former limit one terminates to the 220V zero line, the other end is connected with the 220V live wire by resistance R 2, voltage transformer pt 1 secondary one terminates to signal ground, the other end is directly connected to the A/D sample circuit after by filter circuit, is used to monitor the signal modulation voltage of work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus 1.Filter circuit in this observation circuit adopts general active low-pass filter circuit, and its cut-off frequency is 5kHz; The A/D sample circuit is the A/D converter that is integrated into microprocessor, and its resistance R 2 values are that 110k, resistance R 1 value are that 51 ohm, capacitor C 1 value are 0.01uf.The characteristics of this observation circuit are that components and parts are few, and the reliability height can effectively be controlled the signal modulation power of power frequency component generating apparatus.
As shown in Figure 5, work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2 is received on the signal coupling transformer by A phase, B phase, C phase firewire and N center line, 31,32 and 33 3 low-tension fuses of wherein connecting respectively on every phase line, perhaps by in A phase, B phase, the C phase firewire one mutually and the N center line receive on the low voltage electric network with detection signal.Work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2 makes distributed power generation safe isolation circuit breakers 6 tripping operations of being incorporated into the power networks by the output trip signal.Tripping operation drive signal linear distance can adopt pulse output in short-term during less than 10m, when distance then adopts bus communication during greater than 10m.
Be illustrated in figure 6 as the work frequency carrier signal and send current waveform, wherein current peak is at 420A, greater than 300A, less than 600A.Duration is less than 6ms.
Be built-in with the hardware signal combiner circuit in the work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2, as shown in Figure 7, the hardware signal combiner circuit is finished the strong and weak conversion of signal by 3 voltage transformers 41,42 and 43, wherein voltage transformer 41 is identical with 42 no-load voltage ratios, and the no-load voltage ratio of voltage transformer 43 is 1.732 times of voltage transformer 41 no-load voltage ratios.45 is that capacitor C and the equal-sized resistance R of resistance value that two amount of capacity equate formed the full-bridge filter circuit among the figure.Wherein resistance and capacitance temperature factor are little, and circuit working is stable.When satisfying RC=1/w=1/314 during design, through behind the hardware adder 44, work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2 detected signal strength signal intensities have strengthened one times.
As shown in Figure 8, when power frequency component is modulated on mutually at A, the distributed power source step down side voltage fluctuation time domain waveform that is incorporated into the power networks, signal are the original waveform before work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument 2 signal processing, wherein all have signal to occur on A phase, B phase, the C phase three-phase.Waveform is the magnitude of a voltage fluctuation after former and later two voltage cycle difference.Voltage fluctuation (voltage breach) peak value is 6V, less than 2% of phase voltage peak value, can not cause voltage flicker, does not influence distribution network electric energy quality when reaching device work.
The present invention is incorporated into the power networks for distributed power generation and for the isolated island input in the electrical network, the protection of anti-isolated island provide a kind of efficient system, uses to have very high technical and economic performance under the high situation of distributed power generation permeability in power distribution network.
Should be noted that at last: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to the foregoing description, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can make amendment or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not break away from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier, it is characterized in that: this system comprises work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus (1), work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument (2), signal coupling transformer (3), substation bus bar (4), distributed power generation power supply (5) and safe isolation circuit breakers (6), described work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus (1) is built-in with the electric current and voltage observation circuit, work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus (1) links to each other with signal coupling transformer (3) by four power cables of three-phase and four-line, signal coupling transformer (3) links to each other with substation bus bar (4) by three power cables, substation bus bar (4) is connected with safe isolation circuit breakers (6) with the 10kV/400V transformer by feeder line, described work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument (2) is installed between safe isolation circuit breakers (6) and the distributed power generation power supply (5), described work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument (2) is built-in with the hardware signal combiner circuit, and work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument (2) is connected on the low voltage electric network with detection signal by four power cables of three-phase and four-line.
2. the distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus (1) is received on the signal coupling transformer (3) by A phase, B phase, C phase firewire and N center line.
3. the distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described work frequency carrier signal supervisory instrument (2) is received on the low voltage electric network by A phase, B phase, C phase firewire and N center line, perhaps receives on the low voltage electric network by a phase and N center line in A phase, B phase, the C phase firewire.
4. the distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the high-pressure side of described signal coupling transformer (3) is connected with substation bus bar (4) by three high-tension fuses (21,22,23), the low-pressure side of signal coupling transformer (3) is connected with work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus (1) by three breaker of plastic casing (24,25,26), and described work frequency carrier signal generating apparatus (1) carries out information exchange by communication interface (27) and tele-control system.
5. the distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described hardware signal combiner circuit comprises voltage transformer, hardware adder (44) and the full-bridge filter circuit (45) that is made of electric capacity and resistance.
6. the distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described voltage transformer adopts 3, be respectively first voltage transformer (41) second voltage transformers (42) and the tertiary voltage instrument transformer (43) that are used to finish the strong and weak conversion of signal, first voltage transformer (41) is identical with the no-load voltage ratio of second voltage transformer (42), and the no-load voltage ratio of tertiary voltage instrument transformer (43) is 1.732 times of first voltage transformer (41) no-load voltage ratio.
7. the distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described electric current and voltage observation circuit comprises A/D sample circuit, filter circuit, current transformer CT1, voltage transformer pt 1, capacitor C 1 and two resistance R 1, R2; The former limit of current transformer CT1 is received in the modulated current loop, and current transformer CT1 secondary connects capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1, and this capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1 back in parallel one termination signal ground, the other end are directly connected to the A/D sample circuit by filter circuit; Voltage transformer pt 1 former limit one terminates to the 220V zero line, the other end is connected with the 220V live wire by a resistance, and voltage transformer pt 1 secondary one terminates to signal ground, the other end is directly connected to the A/D sample circuit by filter circuit.
8. the distributed power generation alone island detection system based on work frequency carrier as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described filter circuit adopts active low-pass filter circuit; Described A/D sample circuit adopts the A/D converter that is integrated into microprocessor.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012065359A1 (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Islanding detection system for distributed generation based on power frequency carrier and detecting method thereof |
| CN103778470A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Distributed generation island detection method with on-line self-learning ability |
| US9520819B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-12-13 | General Electric Company | System and method for controlling a power generation system based on a detected islanding event |
| CN107784719A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 上海祖程电子科技有限公司 | A kind of wireless access control system with power line carrier circuit |
-
2010
- 2010-11-17 CN CN201020610725XU patent/CN201956675U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012065359A1 (en) * | 2010-11-17 | 2012-05-24 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Islanding detection system for distributed generation based on power frequency carrier and detecting method thereof |
| CN103778470A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-05-07 | 上海交通大学 | Distributed generation island detection method with on-line self-learning ability |
| CN103778470B (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2016-10-19 | 上海交通大学 | There is the distributed power generation island detection method of automatic measure on line ability |
| US9520819B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2016-12-13 | General Electric Company | System and method for controlling a power generation system based on a detected islanding event |
| CN107784719A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-09 | 上海祖程电子科技有限公司 | A kind of wireless access control system with power line carrier circuit |
| CN107784719B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2024-04-16 | 上海祖程电子科技有限公司 | Wireless access control system with power line carrier circuit |
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Effective date of registration: 20160425 Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee after: China Electric Power Research Institute Patentee after: State Grid Smart Grid Institute Address before: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee before: China Electric Power Research Institute |
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Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee after: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee after: China Electric Power Research Institute Patentee after: GLOBAL ENERGY INTERCONNECTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE Address before: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China Patentee before: China Electric Power Research Institute Patentee before: State Grid Smart Grid Institute |
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