Disclosure of Invention
The utility model relates to a accomplish in view of above problem, the utility model provides a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch can realize reliable and quick separating brake operation to have the permanent magnetic mechanism of two repulsion coil, lean on twin coil control to carry out the separating and closing operation during the operation, the switch adopts the permanent magnetism to keep when being in the branch, closing position, and is simple reliable.
The utility model provides a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch, a serial communication port, include: the circuit breaking contact finger part comprises a conductive bar, a buffer spring, a contact finger seat, a sliding rod and a spring contact finger, wherein one end of the conductive bar is connected with an access bus to introduce external power, the other end of the conductive bar is connected with the contact finger seat, the buffer spring is fixed between the inner wall of the contact finger seat and the sliding rod, the longitudinal section of the contact finger seat is formed into a semi-surrounding shape with an opening at the bottom to surround the buffer spring and a part of the sliding rod, and the spring contact finger is arranged on the side wall forming the opening above the bottom of the contact finger seat provided with the opening; the contact part comprises a fixed contact, a movable contact and a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, wherein the fixed contact is connected with the sliding rod of the breaking contact finger part, the movable contact is arranged opposite to the fixed contact, and the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber surrounds the movable contact and the fixed contact; and a permanent magnet operating mechanism portion including: an insulating pull rod; a moving rod connected with the insulating pull rod; a closing repulsion coil, a fixed repulsion coil and an opening repulsion coil which are sequentially arranged on the moving rod, wherein the fixed repulsion coil is connected with the moving rod into a whole, and the closing repulsion coil and the opening repulsion coil are arranged separately from the moving rod; an electromagnet arranged at the lower part of the moving rod, wherein a permanent magnet is arranged in the electromagnet; and a brake separating spring arranged below the electromagnet.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, in the rapid permanent magnet vacuum switch, a longitudinal section of the slide rod is formed in a T-shape, one end of the slide rod connected to the buffer spring has an outer edge protrusion having a diameter larger than a diameter of a rod body of the slide rod, a downward movement limiting portion of the contact finger corresponding to the outer edge protrusion is formed on an upper surface of a bottom of the contact finger seat, and when the slide rod slides downward, the outer edge protrusion abuts against the downward movement limiting portion of the contact finger.
Furthermore, according to the utility model discloses a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch, wherein, above-mentioned spring touches to indicate adopts the inclined ring spring to touch to indicate, is provided with the size on the formation open-ended lateral wall of the bottom of above-mentioned touching finger seat and touches to indicate corresponding recess with above-mentioned spring, and above-mentioned spring touches partly embedding of indicating in this recess, and the upper surface that above-mentioned spring touched to indicate is than the above-mentioned upper surface that forms the open-ended lateral wall, more outstanding to the body of rod of above-mentioned slide bar.
Furthermore, according to the utility model discloses a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch, wherein, be provided with the electrically conductive row of taking the flexible coupling on the body of rod of above-mentioned moving contact, this electrically conductive row of taking the flexible coupling is connected with outside generating line.
Furthermore, according to the utility model discloses a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch, wherein, be provided with pressure fixation nut in the below of above-mentioned separating brake spring.
The utility model discloses a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch (hereinafter, also called the switch) is by permanent magnetism operating device part, contact part and have buffering and limit function's the contact finger part that opens circuit and constitute. When the switch is in a closing state, the closing repulsion coil, the opening repulsion coil and the electromagnet of the switch can be electrified simultaneously, so that the movable and static contacts of the switch can be quickly closed. And after the permanent magnet operating mechanism is in a closed state, the opening spring of the permanent magnet operating mechanism can store energy and play a certain role in damping. When the switch is in an opening state, the closing repulsion coil, the opening repulsion coil and the electromagnet can be electrified simultaneously, and the moving and static contacts of the switch in the previous closing state can be separated quickly. Compared with the existing vacuum switch, the utility model discloses a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch's action is rapid, adopts when being suitable for the protection to high-power electronic converter very much.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The utility model discloses a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch mainly comprises these triplex of the contact finger part 28 that opens circuit, contact part 29 and the permanent magnetism operating device part 30 that have buffering and limit function. The rapid permanent magnet vacuum switch has two states and two motion processes, namely a separation state, a closing state, a separation (disconnection) process and a closing (connection) process.
The structure and operation of the fast permanent magnet vacuum switch of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1.
The fast permanent magnet vacuum switch is formed by connecting an access bus with a conductive bar 1 of a breaking contact finger part 28, the breaking contact finger part 28 is connected with a static contact 5 of a contact part 29, and the static contact 5 and a movable contact 6 arranged opposite to the static contact 5 and the contact part 29 are surrounded by a vacuum arc extinguish chamber 16. The movable contact 6 is connected to the permanent magnet operating mechanism part 30 and performs closing and separating movement under the action of the permanent magnet operating mechanism 30, thereby realizing closing and opening operations of the switch.
Referring to fig. 2, a structure of the contact finger portion 28 of the fast permanent magnet vacuum switch according to the present invention will be described.
The utility model discloses a contact finger part 28 opens circuit has buffering and limit function, and this part mainly includes electrically conductive row 1, buffer spring 2, touches finger seat 3, slide bar 25 and spring and touches finger 4. The conductor bar 1 is located at the upper portion of the switch finger portion 28, and one end is connected to an access bus bar to introduce external power, thereby forming a power source. The other end of the conductive bar 1 is connected with the contact finger seat 3. The buffer spring 2 is fixed between the inner wall of the finger rest 3 and the slider 25, and plays a role of buffering in a closing operation to be described later. The slide rod 25 is located below the buffer spring 2, has a vertical section formed in a "T" shape, and has an outer edge protrusion protruding to the outside of the rod body at one end connected to the buffer spring 2, i.e., the outer edge protrusion has a diameter size larger than that of the rod body, the one end being used for connecting and fixing the buffer spring 2, and the other end being an end surface of the rod body, having the same diameter size as that of the rod body. The contact finger seat 3 is located below the conductive bar 1, and the longitudinal section of the contact finger seat is formed into a semi-enclosed shape with an open bottom, and encloses the buffer spring 2 and a part of the sliding rod 25. Above the bottom of the finger base 3, which is provided with an opening, a spring finger 4 is provided on the side wall forming the opening. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the finger seat 3 has a certain thickness, and an annular spring finger 4 is disposed between the upper surface and the lower surface of the bottom on the side wall where the opening is formed. The spring contact finger 4 is in close contact with the rod body of the slide rod 25, and the spring contact finger 4 is arranged in such a manner that the slide rod 25 can slide in the spring contact finger 4 and also keeps in close contact. Further, the upper surface of the bottom of the finger rest 3 also constitutes a finger descending restriction portion 27. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the upper surface of the bottom of the finger seat 3 is substantially perpendicular to the side wall thereof, and when the slide rod 25 slides downward, the outer edge projection of the slide rod 25 abuts against the finger downward movement restricting portion 27, and the slide rod 25 is blocked from further downward movement, so that the slide rod 25 is held at this position. In addition, the contact finger seat 3, the spring contact finger 4 and the slide rod 25 are electrically connected. The stationary contact 5 of the contact portion 29 is connected to the above-mentioned other end of the slide rod 25.
When the rapid permanent magnet vacuum switch (hereinafter, also referred to as a switch) of the present invention is closed (turned on), the buffer spring 2 fixed between the inner wall of the finger base 3 and the slide rod 25 can relax the impact force caused by the upward movement of the movable contact 6 of the contact portion 29 described later, because the impact force from below is large. When the switch is turned off, the buffer spring 2 is compressed to store energy, and the stored energy can push the static contact 5 downwards for a certain distance in the releasing process. Therefore, a certain initial speed can be provided for the movable contact 6 contacted with the fixed contact 5, and the working mode is favorable for improving the disconnection speed of the switch and the mechanical dynamic characteristic of the switch. In addition, the outer edge protrusion of the sliding rod 25 of the static contact 5 can stop at the position of the downward movement limiting portion 27 of the contact finger during the downward movement of the static contact 5, so that the excessive movement distance of the sliding rod 25 of the static contact 5 can be effectively limited, and the possible follow-up of the static contact 5 can be effectively limited.
Next, referring to fig. 3, the spring contact finger 4 of the disconnection contact finger portion 28 will be described in detail. Fig. 3 shows a cross section and a longitudinal section of the structure of the spring finger 4, wherein the left side is a cross sectional view and the right side is a longitudinal sectional view. The spring contact fingers 4 are arranged in the contact finger seats 3 connected to the conductor bar 1, and electric power from the outside is guided to the slide bar 25 via the conductor bar 1, the contact finger seats 3, and the spring contact fingers 4. The other end of the sliding rod 25 is connected with the static contact 5, so that the static contact 5 is electrified. The spring contact finger 4 adopts an inclined coil spring contact finger, which is a round coil spring, the coil of the coil is in an oval shape and is inclined in the vertical direction, when the inclined coil spring contact finger is compressed, each coil can be deformed, and no matter which part of the coil is deformed, the whole spring can react therewith, so that the load on each contact point is consistent. The way that the spring contact finger 4 is fixed on the contact finger seat 3 is not particularly limited, but the utility model discloses in design into, be equipped with the size on the open-ended lateral wall that forms of the bottom of contact finger seat 3 and touch the recess that the finger 4 corresponds with the spring, the spring touches partly embedding of finger 4 in this recess, and the spring touches the upper surface that indicates 4 than the above-mentioned upper surface that forms the open-ended lateral wall, more protrudes to the body of rod of slide bar 25. The spring contact fingers 4 have a plurality of contact points, the contact performance of the contact points is small, the electric conductivity is good, the voltage drop is small, and the allowed current density is high. Such a sliding contact fit of the spring finger 4 and the sliding rod 25 ensures that the contact resistance between them meets the design requirements of the switch.
Next, the contact portion 29 will be described in detail. As shown in fig. 1, the contact portion 29 mainly includes a fixed contact 5 and a movable contact 6, wherein the fixed contact 5 is connected to the sliding rod 25 of the open contact finger portion 28, the movable contact 6 is disposed opposite to the fixed contact 5 and connected to one end of an insulating pull rod 8 of a permanent magnet operating mechanism portion 30, which will be described later, and when the switch is in an off state, the movable contact 6 is separated from the fixed contact 5, and when the switch is in an on state, the movable contact 6 is in contact with the fixed contact 5. The stationary contact 5 and the movable contact 6 are surrounded by a vacuum interrupter 16. As can be seen from fig. 1, the upper part of the vacuum interrupter 16 is provided with an opening, from which the sliding rod 25 of the breaking finger portion 28 enters the contact portion 29, pulling the stationary contact 5 to move in a free manner up and down. An opening is correspondingly provided in the lower part of the vacuum interrupter 16 for the free movement of the moving contact 6. In addition, the vacuum interrupter 16 is connected to the breaking finger portion 28 in a relatively static manner, and does not move with the moving contact 6, i.e., when the moving contact 6 slides in the up-down direction, the vacuum interrupter 16 maintains its static position and does not move with it. And a conductive bar 7 with flexible connection is arranged at the middle lower part of the rod body of the movable contact 6, and the conductive bar 7 with flexible connection is connected with an external bus.
The other end of the movable contact 6 of the contact portion 29 is connected to an insulating rod 8 of a permanent magnet actuator portion 30 described later. The permanent magnet operating mechanism part 30 drives the moving contact 6 to move through the insulating pull rod 8, so that the moving contact 6 and the static contact 5 are closed and separated.
The vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber 16 uses vacuum as arc-extinguishing and insulating medium, the arc-extinguishing chamber has very high vacuum degree, when the moving contact 6 and the static contact 5 are switched off under the action of the operating mechanism, vacuum arc will be generated between the contacts, and due to the special structure of the contacts, appropriate longitudinal magnetic field will be generated in the contact gap, so as to promote the vacuum arc to be maintained in a diffusion type, and the arc is uniformly distributed on the surface of the contacts to burn, so as to maintain low arc voltage, when the current naturally passes through zero, the residual ions, electrons and metal steam can be compounded or gathered on the contact surface and the shielding cover within microsecond order of magnitude, the dielectric insulation strength of the arc extinguish chamber fracture is quickly recovered, thereby the electric arc is extinguished, the purpose of breaking is achieved, the vacuum switch adopts the magnetic field to control the vacuum arc, so that the vacuum switch has strong and stable capacity of switching on and off the current.
Fig. 4 shows the structure of the permanent magnet operating mechanism part 30 of the fast permanent magnet vacuum switch of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, in the permanent magnet operating mechanism portion 30, the insulating pull rod 8 connected to one end of the moving contact 6 of the contact portion 29 is connected to the moving rod 15 at the lower portion thereof, and the insulating pull rod 8 is made of an insulating material such as ceramic, glass fiber or epoxy resin, so that the moving contact 6 and the moving rod 15 are connected in an insulating manner. A closing repulsive coil 11, a fixed repulsive coil 12, and an opening repulsive coil 13 are provided in this order from above on the upper portion of the moving rod 15. The closing repulsive coil 11 and the opening repulsive coil 13 are respectively fixed on the shell of the switch or kept by other components which can play a role of fixing, and the two repulsive coils are fixed relative to the moving contact 6, namely the positions of the two repulsive coils are kept unchanged, and the moving rod 15 cannot move up and down. On the other hand, the fixed repulsive coil 12 is integrally connected to the moving rod 15 and moves up and down together with the moving rod 15. The closing repulsive coil 11 and the opening repulsive coil 13 are respectively located in two moving directions of the fixed repulsive coil 12, and the distance between the closing repulsive coil and the opening repulsive coil is the moving distance of the movable contact 6.
The lower part of the moving rod 15 is connected with an electromagnet 9, and a permanent magnet 14 is installed inside the electromagnet 9. When the electromagnet 9 moves upwards, the moving rod 15 is driven to move upwards, the fixed repulsive coil 12 also moves upwards, and at the moment, the currents flowing in the fixed repulsive coil 12 and the opening repulsive coil 13 in opposite directions generate repulsive force between the fixed repulsive coil and the opening repulsive coil, and the repulsive force pushes the fixed repulsive coil 12 and the moving rod 15 together further upwards. When the electromagnet 9 moves downwards, the moving rod 15 is driven to move downwards, the fixed repulsive coil 12 also moves downwards, at the moment, the currents flowing in the fixed repulsive coil 12 and the closing repulsive coil 11 in opposite directions generate repulsive force between the fixed repulsive coil and the closing repulsive coil, and the repulsive force pulls the fixed repulsive coil 12 and the moving rod 15 together further downwards. In addition, a switching-off spring 10 is arranged near the lower end of the moving rod 15, and in the moving process of the moving rod 15, the switching-off spring 10 can be changed to store energy and release energy, so that the moving contact 6 and the static contact 5 can be quickly separated, and a certain buffering effect can be achieved during switching-on. On the moving rod 15, a pressure fixing nut 22 is fixed below the opening spring 10 for adjusting the pressure of the opening spring 10.
The two states and the two motion processes of the fast permanent magnet vacuum switch of the present invention will be explained below.
When the switch is in an opening state, no current passes through the closing repulsive coil 11 and the opening repulsive coil 13, the permanent magnet 14 acts to attract the iron core of the electromagnet 9, the moving rod 15 with the insulating pull rod 8 and the moving contact 6 is in the lowest end position (namely, an opening position), and the opening spring 10 is in a static state. The static contact 5 and the moving contact 6 are separated, and the circuit is in an off state.
When the switch is closed, a current in a direction opposite to that of the fixed repulsive coil 12 flows through the closing repulsive coil 11 to generate an attraction force therebetween, and a current in a direction identical to that of the fixed repulsive coil 12 flows through the opening repulsive coil 13 to generate a repulsive force therebetween. Current also flows through the electromagnet 9, and the moving and stationary contacts of the switch are quickly closed. In addition, the opening spring 10 after the closed state stores energy and can play a certain role in shock absorption.
When the switch is in a closing state, no current passes through the closing repulsive coil 11 and the opening repulsive coil 13, current flows through the electromagnet 9, the permanent magnet 14 acts to repel the iron core of the electromagnet 9, the moving rod 15 with the insulating pull rod 8 and the moving contact 6 are positioned at the uppermost position (namely, the on position), and the opening spring 10 is in a stretching energy storage state. The static contact 5 and the movable contact 6 are closed in contact, and the circuit is in a connected state.
When the switch is in opening operation, the current in the same direction as the fixed repulsive coil 12 flows in the closing repulsive coil 11 to generate repulsive force therebetween, and the current in the opposite direction to the fixed repulsive coil 12 flows in the opening repulsive coil 13 to generate attractive force therebetween. Current also flows through the electromagnet 9, so that the moving and static contacts of the switch which is in the closed state can be quickly separated. Compared with the traditional vacuum switch, the utility model discloses a quick permanent magnetism vacuum switch's action is rapid, adopts when being suitable for very much the protection to high-power electronic converter.
When the switch is in a closing state or an opening state, no current passes through the closing repulsion coil 11 and the opening repulsion coil 13, and the permanent magnet 14 keeps the moving rod 15 at the upper limit position and the lower limit position by utilizing a magnetic impedance channel provided by the electromagnet 9 without any mechanical latch. When an action signal is provided, the current in the closing repulsion coil 11 and the opening repulsion coil 13 generates magnetic potential, the magnetic field generated by the coils in the moving rod 15 and the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet are superposed and synthesized, and the switch main body is driven to complete the switching-on and switching-off tasks at a specified speed in a specified time under the action of the synthesized magnetic field force. The end of the moving rod 15 is held at one end of the stroke by the action of the opening spring 10 and at the other end of the stroke by electromagnetic energy. The permanent magnet operating mechanism part 30 realizes the whole functions of the traditional switch operating mechanism part 30 by the special combination of the electromagnet 9 and the permanent magnet 14: the permanent magnet 14 replaces the traditional unlocking mechanism to realize the function of keeping the limit position, and the opening and closing coils provide the energy required by operation. Due to the change of the working principle, the total number of parts of the whole mechanism is greatly reduced, and the integral reliability of the mechanism is possibly greatly improved. Because of the characteristics of the permanent magnetic mechanism, the reliability of the switch can be improved, and the switching-on and switching-off characteristics of the permanent magnetic mechanism are only related to coil parameters, so that the switching-on and switching-off characteristics of the permanent magnetic mechanism can be controlled by an electronic or microcomputer system, the intelligent control of the speed characteristics is realized, and the self-detection function can be realized.
In addition, a device capable of supplying power through hand-cranking power generation can be further arranged in the power supply circuit of the closing repulsive coil 11, the fixed repulsive coil 12, the opening repulsive coil 13 and the electromagnet 9, namely, when the power supply cannot be realized by using a common external power supply, the power supply can be carried out through the hand-cranking power generation power supply device, so that the switch can be operated, and the on and off of the switch can be realized.