A kind of urea production low pressure absorption plant
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of urea production low pressure absorption plant, belongs to the urea production technical field.
Background technology
Urea low pressure absorption plant is the visual plant in the aqueous solution complete circling urea production technology, and its function is the NH in venting one's spleen with evaporation condensate absorption low pressure branch
3, make the CO of low pressure branch in venting one's spleen
2, NH
3, H
2O generates rare ammonium carbamate solution in this condensation, and the low pressure branch contained NH in venting one's spleen hardly after low pressure absorbed
3, can directly enter atmosphere by aiutage.Low pressure absorbs rare ammonium carbamate solution that the back generates, and it is recycling to return one section absorption system.
Existing low pressure absorption plant comprises first condenser, second condenser and tail gas absorber, wherein, two condensers are vertical submerged condenser, the cooling circulating water of two condensers is separate, the gas vent of first condenser is connected with the gas access pipeline of second condenser, second condenser is connected with the tail gas absorber pipeline, and the inside of two condensers is respectively arranged with vertical heat exchanger tube, as shown in Figure 1.Owing to adopted above-mentioned low pressure absorption plant, make existing low pressure absorption technique adopt for two steps absorbed, the low pressure branch is vented one's spleen and is entered from first condenser, and the evaporation condensate that is added by the first condenser top absorbs, the low pressure branch CO in the gas that vents one's spleen
2, NH
3, H
2O absorbs in this condensation and generates rare ammonium carbamate solution, and rare ammonium carbamate solution of generation flows out from first condenser bottom after by the water quench in the heat exchanger tube, and it is recycling to enter one section absorption system; The gas of discharging from first condenser overhead is almost pure ammonia, and this portion gas enters second condenser, and the evaporation condensate that is added by the second condenser top absorbs the NH in the gas
3Major part is absorbed to generate ammoniacal liquor, absorbs heat and is removed by the cooling water in the heat exchanger tube, and cooled ammoniacal liquor is discharged from second condenser, sends into inert gas scrubber and make absorbent after the aqua ammonia pump pressurization.Contain small amount of N H from what second condenser overhead was discharged
3Gas after pressure-regulating valve decompression, send into tail gas absorber and further wash absorption ammonia, ammonia content is reduced to 3%(V/V) after enter atmosphere.
Existing low pressure absorption plant because the condenser that adopts is a vertical (type) condenser, the gas inlet-outlet pipeline of two condensers is connected in series, and between the absorbent, separate between the recirculated cooling water, guarantee NH
3Reclaim and outlet NH
3Content is low as much as possible, just must strengthen absorbed dose of radiation, and the absorbent consumption that needs is many, is unfavorable for systematic water balance, fluctuation of service.Absorb simultaneously and carry out in two steps, make the flow process complexity that low pressure absorbs, potential difference height between two vertical (type) condensers, outlet conduit is little, pressure drop is big, and gas flow rate is fast, vapour-liquid is short time of contact, exists NH
3Absorb incomplete problem.
The utility model content
It is big that the purpose of this utility model is to overcome in the existing industrial production urea existing absorbent consumption, is unfavorable for systematic water balance, simultaneously NH
3Absorb incomplete problem, a kind of urea production low pressure absorption plant is provided.Urea production of the present utility model has NH in the higher absorption gas with the low pressure absorption plant
3Function, can significantly reduce the NH in the exhaust emissions
3Content; Simultaneously, can significantly reduce the absorbent consumption, be beneficial to systematic water balance, increase stability, the reliability moved in the urea production.
To achieve these goals, the utility model realizes providing following technical scheme:
A kind of urea production low pressure absorption plant comprises first low-pressure absorber, second low-pressure absorber and low-pressure absorber top packing section, and described low-pressure absorber top packing section is provided with taphole, hand hole, process condensate inlet, CO
2Gas access and gas vent is characterized in that: described first low-pressure absorber, second low-pressure absorber are horizontal immersion absorber; Described low-pressure absorber top packing section is directly connected on the housing on the second low-pressure absorber top or with second low-pressure absorber and is connected by pipeline.
Above-mentioned urea production is with in the low pressure absorption plant, described first low-pressure absorber comprises the first horizontal cylindrical shell, be provided with the first left tube sheet, the first right tube sheet in described first cylindrical shell, first low-pressure absorber is separated into the first separate left pipe box, first right pipe box and the first absorption heat exchanging segment by the first left tube sheet, the first right tube sheet, first absorbs heat exchanging segment is provided with first heat exchanger tube, and described first heat exchanger tube is connected between the first left tube sheet and the first right tube sheet; First left pipe box is provided with first recirculated cooling water inlet and the outlet of first recirculated cooling water that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell; First absorbs heat exchanging segment is provided with first gas access, first gas vent, first solution inlet and first taphole that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell inner bottom part above first gas access is provided with first gas distributor;
Described second low-pressure absorber comprises the second horizontal cylindrical shell, be provided with the second left tube sheet, the second right tube sheet in described second cylindrical shell, second low-pressure absorber is separated into the second separate left pipe box, second right pipe box and the second absorption heat exchanging segment by the second left tube sheet, the second right tube sheet; Be provided with second heat exchanger tube in the second absorption heat exchanging segment, described second heat exchanger tube is connected between the second left tube sheet and the second right tube sheet; Second left pipe box is provided with second recirculated cooling water inlet and the standby mouth that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell; Second absorbs heat exchanging segment is provided with second gas access, second gas vent, second solution inlet, second taphole, the overfall that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell, and the cylindrical shell inner bottom part above second gas access is provided with second gas distributor; Second right pipe box is provided with outlet of second recirculated cooling water and discharging hole;
Described first low-pressure absorber and second low-pressure absorber are connected in series by pipeline, i.e. second recirculated cooling water outlet is connected through pipeline with first recirculated cooling water inlet, and first gas vent is connected through pipeline with second gas access; Overfall is connected through pipeline with first solution inlet.
Described urea production is respectively arranged with a plurality of apertures with in the low pressure absorption plant on described first gas distributor, second gas distributor.
Described urea production is with in the low pressure absorption plant, and described low-pressure absorber top packing section is connected on the second low-pressure absorber housing of second gas vent part.
Described urea production is with in the low pressure absorption plant, and first low-pressure absorber, second low-pressure absorber and low-pressure absorber top packing section can be arranged by potential difference, and absorption liquid can be flowed by potential difference.
It is as follows to utilize the utility model low pressure absorption plant to carry out the technological process that low pressure absorbs: the low pressure branch that comes from two sections decomposing systems is vented one's spleen and is entered first low-pressure absorber from first gas access, the CO in the gas
2, NH
3, H
2O generates ammonium carbamate solution with the ammoniacal liquor reaction that comes from the second low-pressure absorber overfall, and its reaction heat is removed by the cooling water in first heat exchanger tube; The ammonium carbamate solution that goes out first low-pressure absorber is sent into one section absorption system after by two sections first ammonium pumps pressurizations; The gas that goes out first low-pressure absorber is almost pure ammonia, gas enters second low-pressure absorber by second gas access, exhausted most ammonia in this gas is absorbed by the weak aqua ammonia from the second low-pressure absorber top packing section, absorbs heat and is removed by cooling water in the heat exchanger tube; The ammoniacal liquor that goes out second low-pressure absorber can be gone into first low-pressure absorber by the potential difference overflow and be made absorbent, and the gas that goes out second low-pressure absorber also contains small amount of N H
3, gas enters the second low-pressure absorber top packing section, adds process condensate on the second low-pressure absorber packing section top and makes absorbent, the most NH in the gas
3Be absorbed the NH in the gas
3Content can be reduced to 1%(V/V) below, directly enter atmosphere.The solution that goes out the second low-pressure absorber top packing section flows into second low-pressure absorber by potential difference and makes absorbent.
Urea production low-pressure absorber of the present utility model, comprise first low-pressure absorber, second low-pressure absorber and low-pressure absorber top packing section, low-pressure absorber top packing section and the overlapping installation of second low-pressure absorber, described first low-pressure absorber and second low-pressure absorber all adopt horizontal immersion absorber, first low-pressure absorber, the second low-pressure absorber B inside is provided with gas distributor and heat exchanger tube, gas distributor is provided with a plurality of apertures, increased absorption area, pipeline connects between first low-pressure absorber and second low-pressure absorber, i.e. second recirculated cooling water outlet is connected through pipeline with first recirculated cooling water inlet, and first gas vent is connected through pipeline with second gas access; Overfall is connected through pipeline with first solution inlet.The CO of low pressure decomposition gas and adding
2Enter together and enter first low-pressure absorber, second low-pressure absorber, the second low-pressure absorber top packing section successively and be absorbed the back and enter atmosphere by pressure-regulating valve, as the process condensate of absorbent then successively by the second low-pressure absorber top packing section, second low-pressure absorber, first low-pressure absorber after two sections first ammoniums are pumped into one section absorption system.Enter of the aperture ejection of the gas of low-pressure absorber, become the outer solution of air bubble-shaped and heat exchanger tube to contact absorption, increased absorption area, improved NH by gas distributor
3Absorptivity, absorb NH in the gas of back
3Content is low, can be reduced to below 1%.The outlet of second recirculated cooling water is connected through pipeline with first recirculated cooling water inlet, and first gas vent is connected through pipeline with second gas access; Overfall is connected through pipeline with first solution inlet, absorbent, recirculated cooling water enter second low-pressure absorber, first low-pressure absorber respectively successively, can significantly reduce the consumption of absorbent, recirculated cooling water, not only saved the energy, and help the water balance of system, increase stability, the reliability moved in the urea production.
The utility model compared with prior art has following characteristics:
1, can simplify the flow process of absorption technique, operate simpler;
2, the stability of a system is good, and elasticity is big, easily operation;
3, pressure drop is little;
4, can improve NH
3Absorptivity, absorb NH in the gas of back
3Content is low, can directly enter atmosphere, and can not cause environmental pollution.
Description of drawings
The utility model will illustrate by example and with reference to the mode of accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is existing low-pressure absorber apparatus structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the utility model low pressure absorption plant structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the utility model first low-pressure absorber structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the utility model second low-pressure absorber structural representation.
Vertical first low-pressure absorber of Reference numeral: a-, vertical second low-pressure absorber of b-, A-first low-pressure absorber, B-second low-pressure absorber, 1-first cylindrical shell, the heat exchanger tube of the 2-first low-pressure absorber A, 3-first gas distributor, 4-first gas access, 5-first gas vent, 6-first solution inlet, 7-first taphole, 8-first recirculated cooling water inlet, the outlet of 9-first recirculated cooling water, the 10-first left tube sheet, 11-first left pipe box, the 12-first right tube sheet, 13-first right pipe box, 14-second cylindrical shell, the heat exchanger tube of the 15-second low-pressure absorber B, 16-second gas distributor, 17-second gas access, 18-low-pressure absorber top packing section, 19-second gas vent, 20-process condensate inlet, the 21-taphole, 22-second solution inlet, 23-second taphole, 24-second recirculated cooling water inlet, the outlet of 25-second recirculated cooling water, 26-second left pipe box, the 27-second left tube sheet, 28-second right pipe box, the 29-second right tube sheet, 30-discharging hole, 31 standby mouthfuls, the 32-hand hole, the 33-CO2 gas access, the 34-overfall, 35-first absorbs heat exchanging segment, 36-second absorbs heat exchanging segment, 37-second gas vent.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the test example and the specific embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the utility model only limits to following embodiment, all technology that is realized based on the utility model content all belong to scope of the present utility model.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this specification (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing) is unless special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, unless special narration, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or the similar characteristics.
Embodiment
As shown in drawings: the urea production that present embodiment exemplified comprises the first low-pressure absorber A, the second low-pressure absorber B and low-pressure absorber top packing section 18 with the low pressure absorption plant, the first low-pressure absorber A, the second low-pressure absorber B and low pressure absorb top packing section 18 arranges by potential difference, and absorption liquid can be flowed by potential difference.
Described low-pressure absorber top 18 is packing section, is directly connected on the second low-pressure absorber B housing of second gas vent, 37 parts, is provided with taphole 21, hand hole 32, process condensate inlet 20, CO
2Gas access 33 and gas vent 19.
The described first low-pressure absorber A, the second low-pressure absorber B are horizontal immersion absorber, wherein:
The first low-pressure absorber A comprises the first horizontal cylindrical shell 1, be provided with the first left tube sheet 10 in described first cylindrical shell 1, the first right tube sheet 12, the first low-pressure absorber A is by the first left tube sheet 10, the first right tube sheet 12 is separated into the first separate left pipe box 11, first right pipe box 13 and first absorbs heat exchanging segment 35, first absorbs heat exchanging segment is provided with first heat exchanger tube 2, described first heat exchanger tube 2 is connected between the first left tube sheet 10 and the first right tube sheet 12, first left pipe box 11 is provided with first recirculated cooling water inlet, 8 and first recirculated cooling water outlet 9 that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell, first absorbs heat exchanging segment 35 is provided with first gas access 4 that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell, first gas vent 5, first solution inlet, 6 and first taphole 7, the cylindrical shell inner bottom part above first gas access 4 is provided with first gas distributor 3;
The second low-pressure absorber B comprises the second horizontal cylindrical shell 14, be provided with the second left tube sheet 27 in described second cylindrical shell 14, the second right tube sheet 29, the second low-pressure absorber B is by the second left tube sheet 27, the second right tube sheet 29 is separated into the second separate left pipe box 26, second right pipe box 28 and second absorbs heat exchanging segment 36, be provided with second heat exchanger tube 15 in the second absorption heat exchanging segment 36, described second heat exchanger tube 15 is connected between the second left tube sheet 27 and the second right tube sheet 29, second left pipe box 26 is provided with second recirculated cooling water inlet 24 and the standby mouth 31 that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell, second absorbs heat exchanging segment 36 is provided with second gas access 17 that is communicated with in the cylindrical shell, second gas vent 37, second solution inlet 22, second taphole 23, overfall 34, the cylindrical shell inner bottom part above second gas access 17 is provided with second gas distributor 16; Second right pipe box 28 is provided with outlet 25 of second recirculated cooling water and discharging hole 30;
The described first low-pressure absorber A and the second low-pressure absorber B are connected in series by pipeline, i.e. second recirculated cooling water outlet 25 and first recirculated cooling water enter the mouth and 8 be connected through pipeline, and first gas vent 5 is connected through pipeline with second gas access 17; Overfall 34 and first solution inlet 6 is connected through pipeline.
Be respectively arranged with a plurality of apertures on first gas distributor 3, second gas distributor 16.
The low pressure branch that comes from two sections decomposing systems is vented one's spleen and is entered behind the low-pressure absorber A by the aperture ejection of gas distribution tube, becomes air bubble-shaped to contact with solution outside the heat exchanger tube and is absorbed the CO in the gas
2, NH
3, H
2O generates ammonium carbamate solution with the ammoniacal liquor reaction that comes from low-pressure absorber B, and its reaction heat is removed by the cooling water in the heat exchanger tube; The ammonium carbamate solution that goes out low-pressure absorber A is sent into one section absorption system after by two sections first ammonium pumps pressurizations, and its liquid level is by regulating the flow-control of pump, makes that liquid level remains on the superiors' heat exchanger tube in the low-pressure absorber; The gas that goes out low-pressure absorber A is almost pure ammonia, and gas is gone into low-pressure absorber B, and the exhausted most ammonia in this gas is absorbed by the weak aqua ammonia from low-pressure absorber B top filler, absorbs heat and is removed by cooling water in the heat exchanger tube; The ammoniacal liquor that goes out low-pressure absorber B can be gone into low-pressure absorber A by the potential difference overflow and be made absorbent, and the gas that goes out low-pressure absorber B also contains small amount of N H
3, gas enters low-pressure absorber B top packing section, adds process condensate on low-pressure absorber B packing section top and makes absorbent, the most NH in the gas
3Be absorbed the NH in the gas
3Content can be reduced to 1%(V/V) below, directly enter atmosphere.The solution that goes out low-pressure absorber B top packing section flows into low-pressure absorber B by potential difference and makes absorbent.The liquid level of low-pressure absorber B is kept automatically by the overflow mouth of pipe.