CN201886152U - Laser range measurement system - Google Patents
Laser range measurement system Download PDFInfo
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- CN201886152U CN201886152U CN2010205652422U CN201020565242U CN201886152U CN 201886152 U CN201886152 U CN 201886152U CN 2010205652422 U CN2010205652422 U CN 2010205652422U CN 201020565242 U CN201020565242 U CN 201020565242U CN 201886152 U CN201886152 U CN 201886152U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a laser range measurement system, and relates to a novel optical system capable of being used in the field of communication measurement. The system can be used for improving the measurement performance of the laser range measurement. The laser range measurement system comprises a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device and a computing unit, wherein the laser emitting device is used for emitting a high-order mode laser, the laser receiving device is used for receiving a signal laser which is reflected by the high-order mode laser emitted from the laser emitting device through the surface of an object, and the computing unit is used for computing the intensity of the signal laser received by the laser receiving device to obtain the range which needs to be measured. Furthermore, the laser range measurement system preferably selects the high-order mode laser with a TEM01 (transient electromagnetic method) mode or a TEM10 mode. The high-order mode laser and the ground mode laser have the difference of the laser intensity distribution, so that the laser intensity peak value of the reflected signal laser can be received by adjusting the intensity of the emitted high-order mode laser, and the detection performance of the laser range measurement can be further improved. The laser range measurement system can be used in the technical field of laser range measurement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of novel optical system that can be used for the communication measurement field, relates in particular to a kind of laser distance measuring system.
Background technology
The optical system of existing laser ranging probably can be divided into two classes: coaxial optical system and different axle optical system.The main difference of these two kinds of systems is the relative position at the center of the center of shoot laser and detector: coaxial optical system is meant that two centers are on same optical axis, laser instrument (or catoptron) is in the front of receiver lens, and the flashlight outgoing is focused detector surface after object reflects back into lens surface; And different axle optical system is meant two centers not on an optical axis, the flashlight that reflects also by lens focus to detector surface, the fundamental purpose of this scheme is that solution laser instrument (or catoptron) is in the light.
For coaxial optical system, because laser instrument (or catoptron) is at the front end of receiver lens, the part in the flashlight that reflects will be blocked by laser instrument (or catoptron) and can't be arrived the surface of sensitive detection parts, promptly lose a part of reflected signal light.For different axle optical system, because detector and laser instrument be on same optical axis, only the signal luminous energy that reflects in the part of lens surface arrives detector surface, and this has also lost energy of reflection light.
The inventor finds in realizing process of the present invention, because the light intensity peak of basic mode laser is at positive center, the light intensity peak of the flashlight that direct reflection is returned is also at positive center, therefore no matter adopt existing which kind of (coaxial or different axle) optical system, all can't receive the light intensity peak of the flashlight that reflects, thereby have influence on the detection performance of laser ranging.
The utility model content
The utility model provides a kind of laser distance measuring system, can improve the detection performance of laser ranging.
For achieving the above object, the utility model provides following technical scheme:
A kind of laser distance measuring system is provided, comprises electro-optical device and receive electro-optical device, describedly go out electro-optical device and be used for outgoing high-order mode laser, described receipts electro-optical device is used to receive the flashlight that described high-order mode laser reflects through body surface.Wherein,
Describedly go out electro-optical device and have: basic mode LASER Light Source, collimation lens, polaroid, semicircular phase place trimmer, condenser lens, optical fiber and bright dipping collimation lens along the element that light direction comprises; The center of all described elements all is on same the emergent light axis, and the light emitting end surface center of described basic mode LASER Light Source is on the focus of described collimation lens, the front end face of described optical fiber is centered close on the focus of described condenser lens, and the rear end face of described optical fiber is centered close on the focus of described bright dipping collimation lens; The phase differential of the combination results π of wherein said polaroid and described semicircular phase place trimmer.
Described receipts electro-optical device has along the element that the receipts light direction comprises: receive the light condenser lens, optical filter and photodetector; The center of all described elements all is on same the reflection optical axis, and the receipts light end face center of described photodetector is on the focus of described receipts light condenser lens, and the radius of described optical filter is more than or equal to the radius of the focused beam at place, position.
Preferably, the diameter of described semicircular phase place trimmer is vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid, to guarantee the horizontal direction of emergent light light distribution along emergent light axis.
Preferably, described collimation lens, described polaroid, described semicircular phase place trimmer have identical radius with described condenser lens, can both enter optical fiber to guarantee all basic mode laser that produce.
Preferably, the normalized frequency of described optical fiber is between 2.40483 to 3.83170.And alternatively, the fibre core of described optical fiber is oval.
Preferably, the utility model adopts TEM
01Pattern or TEM
10The high-order mode laser of pattern.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: because the peak value of the high-order mode laser of outgoing is not or not the center of light output end, the peak value of the flashlight that it reflects through body surface is not also at the center of receiving the light end face, this has just solved the problem that is in the light in the center, make that receiving electro-optical device can receive flashlight more as much as possible, thereby help improving the detection performance (range and precision) of laser distance measuring system.In addition, owing to adopted the flashlight of polarization, thus can eliminate of the influence of half natural light to flashlight, this also will help improving the accuracy of detection of laser distance measuring system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 (a) is high-order mode laser and the basic mode laser comparison diagram in different axle optical system;
Fig. 1 (b) is high-order mode laser and the basic mode laser comparison diagram at coaxial optical system;
The composition synoptic diagram of the laser distance measuring system that Fig. 2 provides for the utility model;
The synoptic diagram of pattern stack in the optical fiber that Fig. 3 provides for the utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples summary of the invention of the present utility model is further described.
A kind of laser distance measuring system that the utility model provides, comprise electro-optical device, receive electro-optical device and computing unit, go out electro-optical device outgoing high-order mode laser by described, receive the flashlight that the described high-order mode laser that goes out the electro-optical device outgoing reflects through body surface by described receipts electro-optical device, and the light intensity of the flashlight that described receipts electro-optical device is received by described computing unit calculates and needs the distance measured.
Laser distance measuring system of the present utility model receives described high-order mode laser by the receipts electro-optical device then and finds range through the flashlight that body surface reflects by going out electro-optical device outgoing high-order mode laser, reflects the distance that needs are measured by reflective light intensity; Because high-order mode laser and basic mode laser exist the difference of light distribution, therefore, can receive the light intensity peak of the flashlight that reflects, thereby improve the detection performance of laser ranging by adjusting the output intensity of high-order mode laser.
For ease of understanding the utility model, at first the difference to the light distribution of high-order mode laser and basic mode laser makes additional remarks.
Using the laser of the laser instrument output of stablizing cavity all is to propagate in free space with the form of Gaussian beam, and promptly laser intensity is presenting Gaussian distribution (Gaussian Distribution) perpendicular to the plane on the direction of propagation.For common square stable cavity, output intensity can be expressed with Ermy-Gaussian beam:
In the formula, x, y are the positions on the plane, and w is that the waist of laser beam is wide, H
M, nBe the Hermitian polynomial expression, I
0Be central light strength, m, n have represented the pattern of shoot laser.Laser when m and n are zero is called basic mode (TEM
00) laser, the laser when m and n not all are zero all is called high-order mode (TEM
Mn) laser.
With TEM
10Pattern (or TEM
01Pattern) be example, work as m=1, the Hermitian-Gaussian distribution of high-order mode laser output intensity is during n=0:
Wherein the Hermitian polynomial expression in the following formula is: H
0(X)=1, H
1(X)=and 2X, therefore can obtain TEM on the propagation plane
10The light distribution of pattern.
Conventionally known to one of skill in the art, the light intensity peak of basic mode laser is at the center of hot spot, and the light intensity peak of high-order mode laser is not or not the center of hot spot, therefore adopt high-order mode laser as emergent light, the light intensity peak of the flashlight that it reflects through body surface is not also at the center of hot spot, and this has just solved the problem that is in the light in the center.
Referring to Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b), Fig. 1 (a) is high-order mode laser and the basic mode laser comparison diagram in different axle optical system; Fig. 1 (b) is high-order mode laser and the basic mode laser comparison diagram at coaxial optical system.By Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b) as can be seen, adopt high-order mode laser as emergent light, its catoptrical light intensity peak will be received by lens, and the laser instrument at the center only blocked the part of energy minimum, and this will help promoting the detection performance of laser distance measuring system.
In fact, except TEM
10Pattern and TEM
01Also there is other high-order mode laser in pattern, but with respect to TEM
10Pattern and TEM
01Pattern, other more the energy of height mode too disperse, propagation distance is limited in free space.High-order mode (TEM
Mn) hot spot and basic mode (TEM
00) spot size has following relation:
Can obtain the hot spot of various high-order modes from following formula.
Conventionally known to one of skill in the art, with respect to other high-order modes, TEM
10Pattern and TEM
01The hot spot of pattern is less, this means that energy is more concentrated, helps telemeasurement; And with respect to basic mode, the also problem that does not exist the center to be in the light.Based on these reason, we preferably use TEM in laser distance measuring system of the present utility model
10Pattern or TEM
01The high-order mode laser of pattern.
Element formation to laser distance measuring system of the present utility model is described further below.
Referring to Fig. 2, the going out electro-optical device and can have of laser distance measuring system of the present utility model: basic mode LASER Light Source (for example semiconductor basic mode LASER Light Source), collimation lens along the element that light direction comprises, polaroid, semicircular phase place trimmer, condenser lens, optical fiber and bright dipping collimation lens; The primary optical axis of all these elements overlaps with emergent light axis, and the light emitting end surface center of basic mode LASER Light Source is on the focus of collimation lens, the front end face of optical fiber is centered close on the focus of condenser lens, and the rear end face of optical fiber is centered close on the focus of bright dipping collimation lens; The phase differential of the combination results π of polaroid and semicircular phase place trimmer wherein.
The receipts electro-optical device of laser distance measuring system of the present utility model can have along the element that the receipts light direction comprises: receive the light condenser lens, optical filter and photodetector; The primary optical axis of all these elements overlaps with reflection optical axis, and the receipts light end face center of photodetector is on the focus of receiving the light condenser lens, and the radius of optical filter is more than or equal to the radius of the focused beam at place, position.
Be understandable that shown in Figure 2 is the laser distance measuring system of different axle of the present utility model, go out the emergent light axis and the different axle of the reflection optical axis of receiving electro-optical device of electro-optical device this moment.And, need receive light condenser lens front end increase catoptron for coaxial laser distance measuring system, make that emergent light axis and reflection optical axis are coaxial.
The basic mode LASER Light Source produces basic mode laser, becomes directional light through behind the collimation lens, pass through polaroid (polarizer) then and become polarized light, but its light intensity still keeps the Gaussian distribution of basic mode laser.Because the phase differential of the combination results π of polaroid and semicircular phase place trimmer, as shown in Figure 2, suppose that vertical direction is the x axle, then the polarized light at the negative semiaxis of x will produce the phase differential of π by a semicircular phase place trimmer, and the polarized light of x positive axis only passes through air, and this makes the polarized light of positive and negative x axle that the phase differential of π arranged.Then, the polarized light with π phase differential enters optical fiber by condenser lens.Because semicircular phase place trimmer has changed the phase place of the positive and negative semiaxis laser of x, makes basic mode laser not existed, only may be high-order mode laser therefore from bright dipping collimation lens emitting laser.
Laser distance measuring system of the present utility model, because the peak value of the high-order mode laser of outgoing is not or not the center of light output end, the peak value of the flashlight that it reflects through body surface is not also at the center of receiving the light end face, this has just solved the problem that is in the light in the center, make that receiving electro-optical device can receive flashlight more as much as possible, thereby help improving the detection performance (range and precision) of laser distance measuring system.In addition, owing to adopted the flashlight of polarization, thus can eliminate of the influence of half natural light to flashlight, this also will help improving the accuracy of detection of laser distance measuring system.
Preferably, be to guarantee the horizontal direction of emergent light light distribution along emergent light axis, with the flashlight that the reception that helps receiving electro-optical device reflects, the diameter that needs to adjust semicircular phase place trimmer is vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid.
In addition, because the light emitting end surface center of basic mode LASER Light Source is on the focus of described collimation lens, make the diameter of collimation lens can receive the basic mode laser that all basic mode LASER Light Source produce.Preferably, can with this collimation lens identical radius be arranged, can both enter optical fiber to guarantee all basic mode laser that produce with going out the polaroid of electro-optical device, semicircular phase place trimmer and condenser lens.
Communication mode in the optical fiber is meant the distribution situation of light field in optical fiber, and communication mode can the wave equation of electromagnetic field obtains in the optical fiber by finding the solution.Need a large amount of computation process owing to find the solution wave equation, thereby we often adopt the normalized frequency in the optical fiber to determine communication mode, the expression formula of this normalized frequency is:
Wherein, a is a fibre core diameter, λ
0Be propagates light wavelength in a vacuum, n
1Be the refractive index of optical fiber core material, n
2It is the refractive index of fibre cladding material.
When the normalized frequency of optical fiber 2.40483 between 3.83170 the time, have only HE
11, TE
01, TM
01And HE
21These four kinds of patterns can be propagated in optical fiber, and other patterns all are cut off.
Because above-mentioned arrow pattern is calculated very difficulty, and in media such as optical fiber, adopts fairly simple degenerate mode (LP) to go to represent various arrow patterns usually, the relation of degenerate mode and normalized frequency and arrow pattern has following table to provide:
| Normalized frequency V | Arrow pattern | Degenerate mode |
| 0--2.40483 | HE 11 | LP 01 |
| 2.40483-3.83170 | TE 01，TM 01，HE 21 | LP 11 |
| 3.83170-5.13562 | HE 12，HE 31，EH 11 | LP 02，LP 21 |
By the refractive index to the fibre core and the clad material of optical fiber, and fibre core diameter etc. designs, and can so just only allow LP so that the normalized frequency of optical fiber is between 2.40483 to 3.83170
01(TEM
00) and LP
11Pattern (TM
01, TE
01, HE
21) enter.
Because the utility model has adopted the phase place of the positive and negative semiaxis laser of x that semicircular phase place trimmer changed polarized light, thereby changed original basic mode laser, make that laser is basic mode laser no longer just before entering optical fiber, thus pass through in the optical fiber just can think LP
11TE in the pattern
01, TM
01And HE
21The stack of these three kinds of arrow patterns.
Referring to the stack of the pattern in the optical fiber of Fig. 3 synoptic diagram, as seen from Figure 3, TM
01Pattern and HE
21Even component in the pattern TEM that can superpose out
10Pattern, TE
01Pattern and HE
21The odd component of the pattern TEM that can superpose out
01Pattern, these two kinds of patterns can be propagated in the optical fiber that designs.
Owing to contain TEM in the optical fiber
10And TEM
01The high-order mode laser of these two kinds of patterns, further, we can add upward pressure to optical fiber, it is the diameter of slight modification fiber core, make fiber core become ellipse by circle, because transverse is different with minor axis length, therefore make that the major axis of optical fiber is different with the normalized frequency of minor axis correspondence, and because the short-axis direction normalized frequency is less, thereby by TEM pattern (Transverse Electromagnetic Mode along short-axis direction, promptly refer to not have on the direction of propagation electromagnetic wave of electromagnetic component), the final polarization laser that is only contained a kind of TEM pattern at the end face of optical fiber.If applied pressure is vertical with former direction, then can obtain TEM
01Or TEM
10A kind of high-order mode laser of pattern wherein.
The mode of above-mentioned this selection high-order mode laser mainly is to utilize circular core to be stressed to produce deformation to obtain, and preferably, we also can directly adopt the optical fiber of oval fibre core.The optical fiber of selecting oval fibre core is generally with minor axis leaded light not, and the major axis leaded light, thereby replace this optical fiber that is stressed.
High-order mode laser is launched through the bright dipping collimation lens, reflect back into receipts light condenser lens surface through body surface, through receipts light beam that the light condenser lens receives again after filtration mating plate arrive photodetector surfaces, after this, by photodetector flashlight is converted into electric signal and handles, thereby realize laser ranging.
More than laser distance measuring system provided by the utility model is described in detail, the content of instructions just is used for help understanding method of the present utility model and thought thereof; Anyly be familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, can expect easily changing or replacing, all should be encompassed within the protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. laser distance measuring system, it is characterized in that, comprise electro-optical device, receive electro-optical device and computing unit, describedly go out electro-optical device outgoing high-order mode laser, described receipts electro-optical device receives the flashlight that the described high-order mode laser that goes out the electro-optical device outgoing reflects through body surface, and the light intensity of the flashlight that described computing unit receives described receipts electro-optical device calculates needs the distance measured.
2. laser distance measuring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly goes out electro-optical device and has along the element that light direction comprises: basic mode LASER Light Source, collimation lens, polaroid, semicircular phase place trimmer, condenser lens, optical fiber and bright dipping collimation lens; The primary optical axis of all described elements overlaps with emergent light axis, and the light emitting end surface center of described basic mode LASER Light Source is on the focus of described collimation lens, the front end face of described optical fiber is centered close on the focus of described condenser lens, and the rear end face of described optical fiber is centered close on the focus of described bright dipping collimation lens; The phase differential of the combination results π of wherein said polaroid and described semicircular phase place trimmer.
3. laser distance measuring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that the diameter of described semicircular phase place trimmer is vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid.
4. laser distance measuring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described collimation lens, described polaroid, described semicircular phase place trimmer have identical radius with described condenser lens.
5. laser distance measuring system according to claim 2 is characterized in that the normalized frequency of described optical fiber is between 2.40483 to 3.83170.
6. laser distance measuring system according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the fibre core of described optical fiber is oval.
7. laser distance measuring system according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the high-order mode laser of described outgoing is TEM
01Pattern or TEM
10Pattern.
8. according to the arbitrary described laser distance measuring system of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that described receipts electro-optical device has along the element that the receipts light direction comprises: receive the light condenser lens, optical filter and photodetector; The primary optical axis of all described elements overlaps with reflection optical axis, and the receipts light end face center of described photodetector is on the focus of described receipts light condenser lens, and the radius of described optical filter is more than or equal to the radius of the focused beam at place, position.
9. laser distance measuring system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, describedly goes out the emergent light axis of electro-optical device and the different axle of reflection optical axis of described receipts electro-optical device.
10. laser distance measuring system according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described receipts electro-optical device also is provided with catoptron at described receipts light condenser lens front end, makes that the described emergent light axis that goes out electro-optical device is coaxial with the reflection optical axis of described receipts electro-optical device.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010205652422U CN201886152U (en) | 2010-10-15 | 2010-10-15 | Laser range measurement system |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102956074A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Mobile payment system and card reader thereof, mobile payment terminal and distance determination method |
| CN102956074B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2016-11-30 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | Mobile-payment system and card reader, Mobile payment terminal and method for measuring distance |
| CN107328556A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-07 | 北醒（北京）光子科技有限公司 | A kind of optical performance detecting device |
| CN108303770A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Wide visual field laser signal income fiber device based on order phase and method |
| CN110187359A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-30 | 株式会社电装 | Method and apparatus for optical measurement distance |
| CN110187360A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-30 | 株式会社电装 | Method and apparatus for optical measurement distance |
| CN111323635A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-23 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | Optical fiber sensing system and method for measuring current intensity of high-voltage conductor in non-contact mode |
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2010
- 2010-10-15 CN CN2010205652422U patent/CN201886152U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102956074A (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Mobile payment system and card reader thereof, mobile payment terminal and distance determination method |
| CN102956074B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2016-11-30 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | Mobile-payment system and card reader, Mobile payment terminal and method for measuring distance |
| CN107328556A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-07 | 北醒（北京）光子科技有限公司 | A kind of optical performance detecting device |
| CN108303770A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Wide visual field laser signal income fiber device based on order phase and method |
| CN110187359A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-30 | 株式会社电装 | Method and apparatus for optical measurement distance |
| CN110187360A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2019-08-30 | 株式会社电装 | Method and apparatus for optical measurement distance |
| US11686843B2 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2023-06-27 | Denso Corporation | Method and apparatus for optically measuring distance |
| CN110187359B (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2024-01-05 | 株式会社电装 | Method and device for optically measuring distance |
| CN111323635A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-06-23 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | Optical fiber sensing system and method for measuring current intensity of high-voltage conductor in non-contact mode |
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Address after: 100015 Beijing city Chaoyang District Dongzhimen West eight Street No. 2 room Wanhong Yan Dong Business Garden Patentee after: Beijing Watchdata Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 100015 Beijing city Chaoyang District Dongzhimen West eight Street No. 2 room Wanhong Yan Dong Business Garden Patentee before: Beijing Woqi Data System Co., Ltd. |
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