CN201884316U - Energy conservation control system of commercial kitchen exhaust fan and air feed fan - Google Patents
Energy conservation control system of commercial kitchen exhaust fan and air feed fan Download PDFInfo
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- CN201884316U CN201884316U CN201020132666XU CN201020132666U CN201884316U CN 201884316 U CN201884316 U CN 201884316U CN 201020132666X U CN201020132666X U CN 201020132666XU CN 201020132666 U CN201020132666 U CN 201020132666U CN 201884316 U CN201884316 U CN 201884316U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an energy conservation control system of an exhaust fan and an air feed fan of a commercial kitchen, which comprises a temperature sensor arranged in an exhaust duct, and a volatile air quality sensor, wherein the air quality sensor can measure various gases, water vapor and objects with odour (comprising kitchen lampblack and various unsuited odour) in the air; a controller can detect the exhaust temperature and the air quality VOC (volatile organic compounds) concentration to control the rotate speed of a transmission of the exhaust fan so as to meet the proper temperature and smoke concentration in an exhaust hood; when all ranges are not started, the controller can control the transmission of the exhaust fan at the lowest speed according to the exhaust temperature and the smoke concentration detected so as to only meet basic exhaust requirements; once a worker uses a certain range, the exhaust temperature and the VOC concentration are risen, the controller will raise the rotating speed of the exhaust fan so as to meet the set valve required by temperature and air quality; the controller uses the proportional integral derivative control (PID) to control the rotate speed of the exhaust fan; for a kitchen system with an air conditioning air feed system, an air quantity measuring device will be arranged above an exhaust and air feed system; and the controller can control the rotate speed of the transmission of the air feed fan so as to control the difference between the total air feed amount and the total exhaust amount, so that a proper negative pressure value in the kitchen work space can be ensured.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The utility model relates to the use air mass sensor, and temperature transducer, air measuring equipment and intelligent controller are controlled the control system of the motor rotation speed of commercial kitchen air draft blower fan and air-conditioning benefit wind blower fan.Be applicable to the Energy Saving Control of large and medium-sized commercial kitchen smoke pumping exhaust system.
Background technique
The commercial kitchen is usually used in places such as restaurant, school, corporation eatery, hotel, hospital and retail market.This kitchen generally all is equipped with one or more ceramic hob cavities and exhaust hood.The commercial kitchen can produce a large amount of heat and gas waste, for example water vapour, fat particles, smog and aerosol etc. in cooking process.All these heats and waste all must in time be got rid of from the kitchen, to avoid the indoor environmental pollution of Catering Area.
Kitchen ventilation has two purposes at least: (1) is provided at kitchen staff's a home from home and (2) and guarantees safety kitchen staff and eater.
The core component of commercial kitchen ventilation system is smoke pumping air draft blower fan (hereinafter to be referred as the air draft blower fan), and it is mainly used in removes the heat that produces in the culinary cuisine process and pollutant to guarantee the comfortable and safe of kitchen working environment.The large scale business kitchen ventilation system provides cooking stove, exhaust hood, airduct, air draft blower fan and air-conditioning air-makeup system usually.The design of air draft air quantity is with reference to the concerned countries standard.In actual use, actual air draft air quantity must be large enough to catch and to take away heat and the gas waste that culinary art produces.If there is an air draft blower fan to be responsible for a plurality of cooking stoves and exhaust hood, the air draft flow velocity is most important design factor.
For avoiding the kitchen to produce excessive negative pressure, must cover abundant outdoor air in the kitchen, this may increase the energy loss in kitchen.Architectural design standard and code requirement are mended wind and are reached 100% exhaust air rate.The outdoor new wind that present optimal benefit wind aircondition provides air conditioning to handle is used to improve the kitchen environment comfort level.Mend the wind aircondition and can comprise benefit wind blower fan, filter and cooling coil etc.
In the commercial kitchen design and control of routine, the air draft blower fan is fixed rotating speed normally.No matter how many cooking stove reality are being used, though the temperature of actual flue gas of discharging and concentration what, the air draft air quantity of air draft blower fan is changeless usually.The blower fan waste of electric quantity that this has just caused the excessive air draft under the untapped situation of cooking stove and has caused.If air compensation device has been used in the kitchen, traditional design also reckons without the situation of change of mending the wind air quantity, and this has just caused air-makeup system in the not blower fan electric weight under the use condition and the waste of cooling and heating at full capacity of cooking stove.
For system energy consumption under the situation that is reduced in the non-full load use of cooking stove, the U. S. Patent 4,903,685 and 6,170,480 of nineteen ninety proposes to use variable speed electric motors, particularlies (VSD) to regulate rotation speed of fan.System concerns by the fixed linear of setting up rotating speed and temperature of outgoing air and controls the variable speed electric motors, particularly rotating speed.If temperature of outgoing air is lower than certain value, blower fan is in minimum speed work, if temperature of outgoing air is higher than certain value, blower fan is in maximum speed work.This linearity control mode has lowered fan energy consumption to a certain extent, but is not enough to provide optimized control effect.
(Europe) the patent EP 443141B1 of foreign country has described the control system of a use ultrasonic transmitter and a ultrasonic wave sensor, and ultrasonic signal wherein changes the grading control that can reflect the flue gas concentration of kitchen air draft and be used for fan speed.One of shortcoming of the present invention is that ultrasonic transducer system uses installation comparatively expensive, therefore can only be used for the commercial kitchen of high cost.
Chinese patent application (CN200610042692.1 and CN200620078826.0) gives chapter and verse that the kitchen stove and accessory puts into operation what, adjust the rotating speed of blower fan automatically, thereby adjust air quantity, the blast of pump drainage wind system.Such control mode possible in theory, but system when surpassing an exhaust hood, be not enough to guarantee wind speed in the exhaust duct according to the control mode of the switch situation of stove and accessory control rotation speed of fan, therefore can't guarantee the comfortable and security context in kitchen under any circumstance.For example work as certain cooking stove and produced smog and the heat that exceeds the standard several times, this system can't allow blower fan accelerate to due speed.
Whether the system of U. S. Patent the 7048199th and 7442119 exploitations uses and utilizes detecting laser beam smog or steam, need to quicken or slow down thereby automatically control air draft blower fan speed changer.Foregoing invention improves utilizes the kitchen exhaust fan control of laser beam device to still have following defective:
1) product cost and installation cost an arm and a leg.The equipment cost height of launcher (laser module) and receiver.In addition, people
Body is subjected to the injury of laser probably.
2) still use the traditional linear mode control or the curve of predefined (relation of rotation speed of the fan and delivery temperature).
3) do not relate to the flow control of mending blower fan in the invention in the past.Be condition of negative pressure slightly in the kitchen, surpass kitchen exhaust fan exhaust amount (such as minimum speed time) if mend blower fan supplementary air flow, the pollutant in the kitchen might enter other field.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the existing user cost of inventing and the deficiency of controlling method, the utility model provides a kind of new mode to survey the rotating speed of cooking stove use condition and control air draft blower fan and benefit wind blower fan.The present invention uses air quality (Volatile organiccompounds-volatile organic compound) sensor and temperature transducer to go to survey the trial state of cooking stove, but not Laser Equipment and ultrasonic transmitter, thereby reduction equipment and installation cost.Air mass sensor is monitored airborne multiple gases and is had the material of smell.These materials comprise kitchen fume, steam and all kinds of unfavorable smell.Compared to laser and ultrasonic equipment, the invention provides monitoring and control system safer, easier installation and maintenance.In addition, the present invention can also monitor bad smell and VOC in the kitchen, and these all are that laser or ultrasonic apparatus can't detect.
In addition, usage ratio integral differential of the present invention (PID) circuit controls, rather than the linearity control of using in the tradition invention.The PID controller is feedback loop parts common in Industry Control Application.This controller compares data and a reference value of collecting, then this difference is used to calculate new input value, and the purpose of the input value that this is new is can allow the data of system reach or remain on reference value.Different with other simple control computings, the PID controller can be adjusted input value according to the occurrence rate of historical data and difference, can make system more accurate, more stable like this.Can prove by the method for mathematics, cause system to have under steady state error or the process situation repeatedly in other controlling methods, a PID feedback loop but can keep the stable of system.
In addition, the present invention is also by having solved the benefit wind blower fan control problem that does not relate in traditional invention at air-makeup system and exhaust system installation air measuring equipment.
The technological scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is: mounting temperature sensor and air mass sensor in exhaust duct.Controller can be monitored the temperature and the air quality of air draft, and control air bells exhauster speed changer rotating speed is to satisfy temperature and air quality (flue gas concentration) suitable in the exhaust hood.When all cooking stoves did not all use, controller can be controlled at minimum speed with the air bells exhauster speed changer according to the temperature of outgoing air and the air quality that detect, guarantees basic air draft requirement.In case the staff uses certain cooking stove, the temperature of the air draft that detects and flue gas concentration raise, and controller will improve the air bells exhauster rotating speed with satisfied temperature and air quality setting value.Control system usage ratio-integration-differential control (PID) is controlled the air draft rotation speed of fan and is equal to or less than setting value forever to guarantee temperature of outgoing air and flue gas concentration between minimum speed and maximum speed.This setting value can dynamically be set with the kitchen temperature that detects.For the kitchen system that the air-conditioning air-makeup system is arranged, apparatus for measuring air quantity will be installed on air draft and the air-makeup system.Controller can be controlled the speed changer rotating speed of mending the wind blower fan controlling the difference of total benefit air quantity and total exhaust air rate, thereby guarantees the negative pressure value of kitchen operation interval.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are, can detect kitchen flue gas temperature and concentration, and be used to control the air draft rotation speed of fan, thereby reach energy-conservation purpose when cooking stove does not use, and can not influence the comfort level of working zone, kitchen.Mend the rotating speed of wind blower fan and will control rotating speed, thereby saved the energy loss of blower fan electric weight and refrigeration according to the air-supply exhaust air rate.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.
Fig. 1 is one and uses the commercial kitchen of tradition invention and the master drawing in dining room.121 is temperature transducers among the figure, the 122nd, and generating laser or other devices, the 114th, air draft blower fan variable speed electric motors, particularly, the 115th, the benefit wind blower fan of part air-conditioning unit, the 116th, air conditioner set filter, the 117th, air-conditioning cooling coil.
Fig. 2 is one and uses the air draft of commercial kitchen of the present invention and the master drawing of air-makeup system.Please refer in " specific embodiments " each parts is described in detail.
Fig. 3 is one and uses exhaust system SC system controller of the present invention wiring and control block diagram.Please refer in " specific embodiments " each parts is described in detail.
Fig. 4 uses exhaust system rotation speed of fan control flow chart of the present invention.Please refer in " specific embodiments " each flow process is described in detail.
Fig. 5 uses air-makeup system rotation speed of fan control flow chart of the present invention.Please refer in " specific embodiments " each flow process is described in detail.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is one and uses commercial kitchen of the present invention example that it comprises the room that a culinary cuisine district (102) is adjacent with at least one, for example dining area (101).Kitchen cooking equipment comprises one or more cooking stoves or baking box etc.The kitchen ventilation air-conditioning system has been equipped with the air draft blower fan, has mended the wind air-conditioning system, to keep the suitable office work environment in kitchen.
The waste that produces in the food cooking process comprises solid, liquid, steam, smoke particle and volatile organic compound (volatile organic compound or low-carbon (LC) aromatic hydrocarbons are commonly referred to the kitchen peculiar smell).A kitchen exhaust systems comprises exhaust hood (210), air draft airduct and the air draft blower fan (221) that is positioned at cooking stove or other cooking equipments top.When the motor of air draft blower fan moved, the by-products such as heat flue gas water vapour that culinary art produces were discharged outdoor by the air draft airduct.The air draft wind speed must be enough big, enters the working zone, kitchen to avoid waste gas and used heat.
Speed changer (213) should be installed on the motor of air draft blower fan (211).Temperature transducer (221) and air quality (VOC) flue gas sensor (222) can be installed on the exhaust hood or in the air draft airduct.Sensor among Fig. 2 (221 and 222) is just represented as example.Control system (controller 220) is controlled the speed changer rotating speed (213) of air draft fan motor (211) according to temperature and flue gas (VOC) concentration measured in real time, thereby reaches purpose of energy saving.When temperature of outgoing air and flue gas concentration were lower than setting value, rotation speed of fan can reduce automatically.
The commercial kitchen that has air-conditioning air-makeup system (212) can be by the negative pressure of carrying new wind to come balance kitchen air draft better to cause to the kitchen working space.Mend on the wind blower fan and also speed changer (214) should be installed accordingly.Apparatus for measuring air quantity (223) can be installed in to be mended on the wind blower fan to be used for the pressure control of working zone, kitchen.The apparatus for measuring air quantity of supply and exhaust (223,224) is delivered to controller with air volume signal, and control system (controller 220) control is mended the rotating speed of wind blower fan speed changer (214) to keep always mending the difference between air quantity and the total exhaust air rate.
Fig. 3 has described the annexation of intelligent kitchen exhaust system controller and sensor.This cover control system comprises the controller (300) based on microprocessor, be used to receive cable 321 by each sensor, 322,323 and 324 temperature that transmit, air quantity and flue gas concentration signal (311,312,313 and 314), also be used to produce the control signal (331 and 332) of speed changer rotating speed.The speed changer of mending wind and air draft blower fan can be opened and shut to this controller.This controller also can be linked to user's man-machine interface, uses for the kitchen operation personnel.Controller can also be got in touch with fire alarm system, when controller detects flue-gas temperature too high the time, this signal can be passed to fire alarm system.
Fig. 4 is more detailed air draft rotation speed of fan control flow chart.This figure uses the situation of an exhaust hood to be example.When venter startup (400), the air draft blower fan turns round at predefined minimum speed (401).When the cook begins culinary art or any cooking stove is opened, flue gas and temperature of outgoing air in the exhaust hood may increase.Flue gas detecting sensor and temperature transducer can detect these variations immediately.Temperature of outgoing air and flue gas concentration are the variablees by proportional-integral-differential cyclic control system (PID) control.A pid loop (402) control exhaust hood temperature (411) is in set temperature value (412).The concentration (413) of another PID (403) control loop control air draft cover cap smog (VOC) is in flue gas concentration set point (414).The air draft rotation speed of fan will be got the high value of these two pid loop outputs.If more than one exhaust hood is arranged, the air draft rotation speed of fan will be got the high value of these all pid loop outputs.
Fig. 5 is the more detailed wind rotation speed of fan control flow chart of mending.The control purpose of mending the wind rotation speed of fan is that difference by keeping suitable air output and exhaust air rate is to keep kitchen and the suitable pressure (512) in dining area.Controller will be controlled the velocity variations of benefit wind blower fan speed changer to satisfy the setting value (501) of mending the wind air quantity.The setting value (501) of mending the wind air quantity will be by exhaust air rate (500) real-time change that measures.
Claims (5)
1. a commercial kitchen air draft blower fan and mend the energy-saving control system of wind blower fan, it is characterized in that: system comprises temperature, air mass sensor and apparatus for measuring air quantity, the speed changer rotating speed of controller control air bells exhauster and mend the speed changer rotating speed of wind blower fan.
2. energy-saving control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that in exhaust hood or air draft airduct temperature being installed, and air mass sensor is used to monitor the temperature and the flue gas concentration of air draft flue gas.
3. energy-saving control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that on air draft and air-makeup system apparatus for measuring air quantity being installed, and is used to measure the air draft air quantity and mends the wind air quantity.
4. energy-saving control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that on air draft blower fan and benefit wind blower fan speed changer being installed all.
5. energy-saving control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that usage ratio-integration-differential control (PID) regulates the air draft blower fan and mend wind blower fan speed changer rotating speed.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201020132666XU CN201884316U (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2010-03-16 | Energy conservation control system of commercial kitchen exhaust fan and air feed fan |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201020132666XU CN201884316U (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2010-03-16 | Energy conservation control system of commercial kitchen exhaust fan and air feed fan |
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| CN201884316U true CN201884316U (en) | 2011-06-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201020132666XU Expired - Fee Related CN201884316U (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2010-03-16 | Energy conservation control system of commercial kitchen exhaust fan and air feed fan |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331063A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2012-01-25 | 同济大学 | Personalized ventilating device for kitchen |
| CN102518596A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 刘立文 | Control system and control method of energy-saving anti-explosion fan |
| CN102644995A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-08-22 | 同济大学 | Air supply terminal of breathing zone of kitchen |
| CN104481905A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 国家电网公司 | Automatic smoke exhaust fan |
| CN104990117A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-10-21 | 吴鹏 | Kitchen cooling apparatus and cooling method thereof |
| CN106933109A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 九阳股份有限公司 | A kind of machine for kitchen use intelligent control method |
| CN109357383A (en) * | 2018-10-28 | 2019-02-19 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of elevator intelligent ventilating system based on NB-IOT technology |
| CN110360141A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-22 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Centrifugal air compressor air quantity compensation device and air quantity compensation system |
| CN113124439A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-07-16 | 中船邮轮科技发展有限公司 | Exhaust hood control system |
-
2010
- 2010-03-16 CN CN201020132666XU patent/CN201884316U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331063A (en) * | 2011-08-03 | 2012-01-25 | 同济大学 | Personalized ventilating device for kitchen |
| CN102644995A (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-08-22 | 同济大学 | Air supply terminal of breathing zone of kitchen |
| CN102518596A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2012-06-27 | 刘立文 | Control system and control method of energy-saving anti-explosion fan |
| CN104481905A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 国家电网公司 | Automatic smoke exhaust fan |
| CN104990117A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-10-21 | 吴鹏 | Kitchen cooling apparatus and cooling method thereof |
| CN106933109A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 九阳股份有限公司 | A kind of machine for kitchen use intelligent control method |
| CN106933109B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2021-03-09 | 九阳股份有限公司 | Intelligent control method for kitchen household appliances |
| CN110360141A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-22 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Centrifugal air compressor air quantity compensation device and air quantity compensation system |
| CN109357383A (en) * | 2018-10-28 | 2019-02-19 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of elevator intelligent ventilating system based on NB-IOT technology |
| CN113124439A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-07-16 | 中船邮轮科技发展有限公司 | Exhaust hood control system |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110629 Termination date: 20140316 |