CN201830460U - Base station calibrating device and base station - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a base station calibration device and a base station. The base station calibration device includes: a storage unit for storing the compensation data of each transmission and reception path and feeder line of the base station; a baseband processing unit connected with the storage unit, Reading the compensation data from the storage unit, and using the compensation data to calibrate the characteristic parameters of the transceiver path and the feeder. The embodiments of the utility model can accurately compensate the phase and amplitude characteristic errors of the multi-channel transceiver paths and feeders without introducing complex circuits such as calibration networks and calibration transceiver paths.

Description

A base station calibration device and base station

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of communications, in particular to a base station calibration device and a base station.

Background technique

With the development of communication network, smart antenna technology has become one of the most attractive technologies in mobile communication, and is applied in such as TD-SCDMA (Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access), TD- LTE (Time Division Long Term Evolution, Time Division Long Term Evolution) and other TDD (Time Division Duplex, Time Division Duplex) standard mobile communication systems. The core of smart antenna technology includes downlink service channel shaping. Its working principle is: the terminal sends a reference signal to the base station, and the base station estimates the uplink channel matrix after receiving and demodulating the reference signal; the base station performs SVD (Singular Value Decomposition, Singular value decomposition) processing to obtain the weighted vector; based on the mutual dissimilarity of the uplink and downlink channels, the base station uses the weighted vector of the uplink channel matrix to shape the downlink traffic channel; the shaped downlink traffic channel data passes through the transmission path, feeder and antenna in turn , and is emitted by the antenna.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic structural diagram of a base station using smart antenna technology in the prior art. The baseband processing unit (C plane) completes the shaping processing of the downlink traffic channel data, and transmits shaping through the antenna element (A plane). Subsequent downlink traffic channel data. In order to obtain a good shaping effect, the phase and amplitude characteristics of multiple sets of transceiver units (including transmission paths, reception paths, feeders, and antenna elements) between plane A and plane C must be consistent. However, due to the device differences of each transceiver unit, the external environment (such as temperature, humidity) and the influence of changes in operating frequency, there are significant differences in the phase and amplitude characteristics of multiple sets of transceiver units, which cannot meet the requirements of traffic channel shaping. Therefore, in order to obtain an ideal shaping effect, it is necessary to calibrate multiple sets of transceiver units, that is, to calibrate the transmitting path, receiving path, feeder and antenna elements.

Since the calibration of the antenna elements is generally carried out before the antenna products leave the factory, the base station only needs to calibrate the transceiver path and the feeder during operation. In order to calibrate the transceiver path and feeder, the existing base station calibration scheme needs to introduce a passive calibration network inside the antenna (or inside the base station), and introduce a calibration transceiver path (including calibration receiving path and calibration transmitting path) inside the base station to assist calibration. As shown in FIG. 2 , it is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna in which the calibration network is located inside the antenna in the prior art, wherein the calibration network is composed of a microstrip directional coupler and a power splitter/combiner. To assist calibration, an additional calibration port is introduced into the calibration network, which is connected to the calibration transceiver channel. The calibration receiving channel can couple and receive signals from multiple antenna elements through the calibration network; the signal transmitted by the calibration transmitting channel can also pass through the calibration network to the receiving channels of multiple antenna elements.

Based on the above calibration network, the existing base station calibration scheme may include transmit calibration and receive calibration. Among them, the transmission calibration scheme includes: each transmitting unit in the base station sends a mutually orthogonal calibration sequence, and the calibration sequence enters the calibration receiving channel through the calibration network; after the calibration receiving channel demodulates the calibration sequence, the calibration sequence is sent to the baseband processing unit; The baseband processing unit receives the calibration sequence, and uses the orthogonality of the calibration sequence to estimate the phase and amplitude differences of each antenna element corresponding to the transmission path and cable, and according to the phase and amplitude differences, the phase and amplitude difference between multiple groups of transmission paths and cables Amplitude errors are compensated.

The receiving calibration scheme includes: calibrating the transmitting channel to send a calibration sequence, and the calibration sequence enters the receiving channel corresponding to each antenna element through the calibration network; each receiving channel receives the calibration sequence, and sends the calibration sequence to the baseband processing unit; the baseband signal processing unit estimates Each antenna element corresponds to the phase and amplitude difference of the receiving path, and compensates the phase and amplitude errors between multiple groups of receiving paths and cables according to the phase and amplitude difference.

During the operation of the base station, changes in ambient temperature and aging of devices will cause obvious changes in the phase and amplitude characteristics of the transceiver channel. Therefore, in order to obtain a sufficiently high base station calibration accuracy, the existing base station calibration solution may perform transmit calibration and receive calibration at intervals.

In the process of realizing the utility model, the inventor finds that the prior art has at least the following defects:

The existing base station calibration scheme needs to introduce a passive calibration network and a calibration transceiver channel inside the base station, and perform transmit calibration and receive calibration at regular intervals. Therefore, the implementation of the existing base station calibration solution is complex and costly.

Utility model content

The embodiment of the utility model provides a base station calibration device and a base station, which can accurately compensate the phase and amplitude characteristic errors of multiple transceiver channels and feeders without introducing complex circuits such as calibration networks and calibration transceiver channels.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a base station calibration device, including:

The storage unit is used to store the compensation data of each transmission and reception path and feeder of the base station;

The baseband processing unit is connected to the storage unit, reads the compensation data from the storage unit, and uses the compensation data to calibrate the characteristic parameters of the transceiver path and the feeder.

Preferably, said device also includes:

A temperature sensor is connected to each transceiver path and feeder in the base station, and measures the ambient temperature of each transceiver path and feeder;

The storage unit stores the compensation data of each transmission and reception path and feeder in the base station at each ambient temperature or within the ambient temperature range;

The baseband processing unit is connected to the temperature sensor, reads the ambient temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and reads corresponding compensation data from the storage unit according to the ambient temperature.

Preferably, the baseband processing unit is connected to each transceiver path and feeder in the base station, obtains the characteristic parameters of each transceiver path and feeder, and selects the characteristic parameters of one of the transceiver paths and feeder as characteristic reference data , calculating compensation data corresponding to other transmission and reception paths and feeders according to the characteristic reference data, and storing the compensation data in the storage unit.

Preferably, the ambient temperature range where the base station is located includes multiple sub-temperature ranges;

The baseband processing unit obtains the characteristic parameters of the various transmission and reception paths and feeders in each sub-temperature range, selects the characteristic parameters of one of the transmission and reception paths and feeders as characteristic reference data, and calculates the characteristic parameters of other paths according to the characteristic reference data. The compensation data corresponding to each sub-temperature range of the channel and the feeder is sent and received, and the compensation data is stored in the storage unit.

The embodiment of the utility model also provides a base station, which includes a multi-element antenna, multiple transceiver channels and feeders, and also includes the above-mentioned base station calibration device.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model has the following advantages: the embodiment of the utility model can accurately compensate the phase and amplitude characteristic errors of the multi-channel transceiver paths and feeders, and obtain a sufficiently high calibration accuracy of the base station without requiring Introduce complex circuits such as calibration network and calibration transceiver path. Since the existing compensation data is directly read when the compensation is calibrated, the process of estimating the phase/amplitude characteristics of the transceiver channel and the feeder line is avoided, and the complexity of the calibration operation is reduced.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station using smart antenna technology in the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure in which the calibration network is located inside the antenna in the prior art;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station including a base station calibration device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of the base station calibration performed by the base station calibration device in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the base station equipment does not include a calibration network and a calibration transceiver channel, but introduces a storage unit for storing compensation data. When performing base station calibration, the baseband processing unit in the base station equipment can read compensation data from the storage unit, and use the compensation data to calibrate the characteristic parameters of the transceiver path and feeder corresponding to the compensation data. Wherein, the transceiving path may include a transmitting path or a receiving path.

The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

In order to reduce the complexity of the base station calibration scheme, before the base station equipment leaves the factory, the phase and amplitude characteristic data of each transceiver path and feeder in the base station equipment can be measured, and the phase and amplitude characteristic data of one of the transceiver paths and feeder lines can be used As the characteristic reference data, calculate the difference data between the phase and amplitude characteristic data of other transmission and reception channels and feeders and the characteristic reference data, and obtain the compensation data corresponding to each transmission and reception channels and feeders according to the difference data, and set The compensation data is stored in the storage unit. After the base station equipment is powered on, the compensation data corresponding to each transceiver path and feeder can be read from the storage unit, and the compensation data is used in the baseband processing unit to compensate the phase and amplitude characteristic differences of each transceiver path and feeder, Make the phase and amplitude characteristics of each transceiver path and feeder consistent with the phase and amplitude characteristics of the transceiver path and feeder corresponding to the reference characteristic data, so as to complete the base station calibration process.

Considering that during the operation of the base station equipment, the phase and amplitude characteristics of the transceiver path and the feeder will have obvious changes with the change of the ambient temperature. In order to improve the calibration accuracy, the phase and amplitude characteristic data of multiple transceiver channels and feeders in multiple temperature ranges can be measured separately, and compensation data corresponding to multiple temperature ranges can be generated. When performing base station calibration, the temperature sensor can be used to measure the ambient temperature of each transceiver channel and feeder, and then the temperature range of each transceiver channel and feeder is known, and the compensation data corresponding to the temperature range is used to adjust the multi-channel The difference in phase and amplitude characteristics of the transceiver path and feeder is compensated to complete the base station calibration process.

As shown in Figure 3, it is a schematic structural diagram of a base station including a base station calibration device in an embodiment of the present invention, including:

The multi-element antenna 310 includes multiple antenna elements for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals. There is no calibration network inside the multi-element antenna.

The feeder cable 320 includes a plurality of feeder lines, and each feeder line is responsible for radio frequency signal transmission between an antenna element and a transceiver channel.

The radio frequency transceiving unit 330 includes a plurality of transceiving paths, and the transceiving paths include a transmitting path and a receiving path. Among them, the transmitting channel is responsible for converting the baseband signal into a high-power radio frequency signal, and the receiving channel is responsible for converting the received radio frequency signal into a baseband signal.

The base station calibration device in the base station includes:

The storage unit 340 is configured to store compensation data corresponding to each transmission and reception path and feeder in the base station.

The baseband processing unit 350 is connected to the storage unit 340, reads the compensation data from the storage unit 340, and uses the compensation data to calibrate the characteristic parameters of the transmission and reception paths and feeders corresponding to the compensation data.

The above-mentioned base station calibration device may further include:

The temperature sensor 360 is used to measure the ambient temperature of the base station.

Specifically, the temperature sensor 360 is connected to each transceiver path and feeder in the base station, and can measure the ambient temperature of each transceiver path and feeder in the base station.

Correspondingly, the above-mentioned storage unit 340 stores the compensation data of various transmission and reception paths and feeders in the base station at various ambient temperatures or within the ambient temperature range; According to the obtained ambient temperature, corresponding compensation data is read from the storage unit 340, and the compensation data is used to calibrate the characteristic parameters of the transceiver path and the feeder.

The above-mentioned baseband processing unit 350 can also be connected with each transmission and reception path and feeder in the base station, obtain the characteristic parameters of each transmission and reception path and feeder, and select one of the characteristic parameters of one of the transmission and reception paths and feeder as characteristic reference data, according to the characteristic reference Compensation data corresponding to other transmission and reception paths and feeders is calculated according to the data, and the compensation data is stored in the storage unit 340 .

Wherein, the ambient temperature range where the base station is located may include multiple sub-temperature ranges. Correspondingly, the above-mentioned baseband processing unit 350 can obtain the characteristic parameters of each transceiver path and feeder in each sub-temperature range, select the characteristic parameters of one of the transceiver paths and feeder as characteristic reference data, and calculate other parameters according to the characteristic reference data. Compensation data corresponding to the transmission and reception channels and feeders in each sub-temperature range, and store the compensation data in the storage unit 340 .

According to the measurement accuracy of the phase and amplitude characteristics of the current test instrument, the device in the utility model can be used to accurately compensate the phase and amplitude characteristic errors of the multi-channel transceiver channels and feeders, and obtain a sufficiently high calibration accuracy of the base station without requiring Introduce complex circuits such as calibration network and calibration transceiver path. In addition, since the existing compensation data is directly read when the compensation is calibrated, the process of estimating the phase/amplitude characteristics of the transceiver channel and the feeder line is avoided, and the complexity of the calibration operation is reduced.

The flow of base station calibration performed by the base station calibration device provided in the above embodiment may be shown in Figure 4, including the following steps:

In step 401, the ambient temperature range where the base station equipment is located is divided into multiple sub-temperature ranges.

For example, when the ambient temperature range of the base station equipment is C, the ambient temperature range may be divided into multiple sub-temperature ranges C1, C2...Cn, where C=C1+C2+...+Cn.

Step 402, measure the phase and amplitude characteristic data of each sending and receiving path and feeder in each sub-temperature range.

Step 403, the baseband processing unit obtains the phase and amplitude characteristic data of each transceiver path and feeder in each sub-temperature range, selects the phase and amplitude characteristic data of one transceiver path and feeder as characteristic reference data, and calculates the data of other transceiver paths and feeders The difference data between the phase and amplitude characteristic data of , and the characteristic reference data.

Specifically, the phase and amplitude characteristic data of one transceiver path and feeder can be arbitrarily selected as the characteristic reference data, and the transceiver path and feeder corresponding to the characteristic reference data can also be selected according to the performance parameters of each transceiver path and feeder, for example, select the phase and The transceiver paths and feeders whose amplitude characteristic data are greater than the preset threshold are used as the transceiver paths and feeders corresponding to the characteristic reference data.

Step 404, the baseband processing unit obtains the compensation data of each sending and receiving path and feeder in each sub-temperature range according to the difference data, and stores the compensation data in the storage unit.

Wherein, the compensation data may be the same as the difference data, or may be the opposite number of the difference data. In the storage unit, the corresponding relationship between the compensation data and the sub-temperature ranges, as well as the sending and receiving paths and feeders is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Correspondence between compensation data and sub-temperature ranges, as well as transceiver channels and feeders

S1 S2 ... Sm C1 Compensation data 11 Compensation data 12 ... Compensation data 1m C2 Compensation data 21 Compensation data 22 ... Compensation data 2m ... ... ... ... ... Cn Compensation data n1 Compensation data n2 ... Compensation data nm

Among them, C1, C2...Cn is the number of the sub-temperature range, S1, S2...Sm is the number of the sending and receiving channel and the feeder line, and each group (Cn, Sm) corresponds to the associated compensation data.

When a base station calibration is required, perform the following procedure:

In step 405, the temperature sensor measures the ambient temperature of each transceiver path and feeder in the base station.

Step 406 , the baseband processing unit compares the ambient temperature measured by the temperature sensor with the temperature range data in the storage unit, and obtains sub-temperature ranges corresponding to the ambient temperature of each transceiver path and feeder.

Step 407 , the baseband processing unit reads corresponding compensation data from the storage unit according to the sub-temperature range of each transceiver path and feeder, and uses the supplementary data to compensate phase and amplitude characteristic errors of each transceiver path and feeder.

It should be noted that, the foregoing implementation manner is a single base station calibration process. In other implementation manners, steps 405 to 407 may also be performed at preset intervals to implement multiple calibrations of the base station and improve the accuracy of base station calibration.

Due to the differences in the transceiver paths and feeder characteristics of different base station equipment, the compensation data corresponding to different base stations are also different. Therefore, when performing base station calibration, it is necessary to perform steps 401 to 404 for each base station equipment to obtain Compensation data for the phase and amplitude characteristic errors of the transceiver path and feeder in the base station equipment. Before the operation of each base station equipment, the compensation data of the base station and the corresponding sub-temperature ranges need to be stored in the storage unit, so that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the base station and the compensation data.

According to the measurement accuracy of the phase and amplitude characteristics of the current test instrument, the above method can accurately compensate the phase and amplitude characteristic errors of the multi-channel transceiver channels and feeders, and obtain a sufficiently high calibration accuracy of the base station without introducing a calibration network and calibrating the transceiver pathways and other complex circuits. In addition, since the existing compensation data is directly read when the compensation is calibrated, the process of estimating the phase/amplitude characteristics of the transceiver channel and the feeder line is avoided, and the complexity of the calibration operation is reduced.

Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the utility model can be realized by means of software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, and of course also by hardware, but in many cases the former is better implementation. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions. So that a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) executes the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

The above description is only the preferred implementation mode of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements and modifications can also be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model embodiment. Improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules in the device in the embodiment can be distributed in the device in the embodiment according to the description in the embodiment, and can also be changed and located in one or more devices different from the device in the embodiment. The modules in the above embodiments can be integrated or deployed separately; they can be combined into one module, or can be further split into multiple sub-modules.

The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the utility model are only for description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

The above disclosures are only a few specific embodiments of the utility model, but the utility model is not limited thereto, and any changes conceivable by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A base station calibration device, characterized in that, comprising: The storage unit is used to store the compensation data of each transmission and reception path and feeder of the base station; The baseband processing unit is connected to the storage unit, reads the compensation data from the storage unit, and uses the compensation data to calibrate the characteristic parameters of the transceiver path and the feeder. 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising: A temperature sensor is connected to each transceiver path and feeder in the base station, and measures the ambient temperature of each transceiver path and feeder; The storage unit stores the compensation data of each transmission and reception path and feeder in the base station at each ambient temperature or within the ambient temperature range; The baseband processing unit is connected to the temperature sensor, reads the ambient temperature measured by the temperature sensor, and reads corresponding compensation data from the storage unit according to the ambient temperature. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein The baseband processing unit is connected to each transceiver path and feeder in the base station, obtains the characteristic parameters of each transceiver path and feeder, and selects the characteristic parameter of one of the transceiver paths and feeder as characteristic reference data, according to the Calculate compensation data corresponding to other transmission and reception paths and feeders based on the characteristic reference data, and store the compensation data in the storage unit. 4. The device according to claim 3, wherein the ambient temperature range where the base station is located includes a plurality of sub-temperature ranges; The baseband processing unit obtains the characteristic parameters of the various transmission and reception channels and feeders in each sub-temperature range, selects the characteristic parameters of one of the transmission and reception channels and feeders as characteristic reference data, and calculates the characteristic parameters of other channels according to the characteristic reference data. The compensation data corresponding to each sub-temperature range of the channel and the feeder is sent and received, and the compensation data is stored in the storage unit. 5. A base station, comprising a multi-element antenna, and multiple transmission and reception paths and feeders, characterized in that it further comprises the base station calibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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