CN201821243U - Permanent magnet generator with pole shoes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a permanent magnet generator with pole shoes, which comprises a stator housing, a hollow cylindrical stator iron core and a rotor, wherein the rotor comprises a rotor support, a rotor yoke, a rotating shaft and a plurality of permanent magnetic poles, the rotor support is mounted on the rotating shaft, the rotor yoke is arranged on the outer side of the rotor support, the plurality of the permanent magnetic poles are uniformly distributed along the outer circumference of the rotor yoke, and the pole shoe is arranged on each permanent magnetic pole. The permanent magnet generator is simple to manufacture, low in cost, good in power generation waveform and high in power generation efficiency, and can significantly reduce the harm of harmonics to electrical equipment.

Description

The permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe

Technical field

The utility model belongs to electrical generator fields, particularly a kind of permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe efficiently.

Background technology

Industrial production has strict requirement to the sine of the electromotive force waveform of synchronous generator, and the extent of deviation between actual electrical kinetic potential (being often referred to non-loaded line voltage) waveform and the sinusoidal waveform is represented with the sinusoidal sex distortion rate of voltage waveform.China's national Specification, the sinusoidal sex distortion rate of voltage waveform is meant the square root of all each harmonic effective value quadratic sums that do not comprise first-harmonic in this voltage waveform and the percentage of this waveform first-harmonic effective value, uses k _U(%) expression, promptly

$k_U=\frac{\sqrt{{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="U"\; filenames="HSA00000305770000011.png,HSA00000305770000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_2}^2+{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="U"\; filenames="HSA00000305770000011.png,HSA00000305770000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_3}^2+\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;+{U_v}^2+\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="U"\; filenames="HSA00000305770000011.png,HSA00000305770000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_1}\&times;100=\frac{\sqrt{\underset{v=2}{\overset{\&infin;}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{U_v}^2}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="U"\; filenames="HSA00000305770000011.png,HSA00000305770000021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">U</figure-callout>}}_1}\&times;100$

U in the formula _vThe effective value of v subharmonic (V) in-line voltage;

U ₁The first-harmonic effective value (V) of-line voltage.

In order to reduce the sinusoidal sex distortion rate of voltage waveform, except that adopting measures such as distributed winding, short distance winding, positive chorded winding, skewed slot, also should improve the air-gap field waveform.Miniature and low power hydromagnetic synchronous generator is as adopting even air gap when less demanding usually to voltage waveform, its unloaded air-gap field is similar to a square wave.Big or when strict, need manage to optimize the air-gap field distribution waveform when generator capacity to voltage waveform, make it as far as possible near sinusoid.

The structure of the stator of general permanent magnet generator is basic identical, and the difference between the different generators focuses on the rotor structure difference.

Fig. 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram of permanent magnet generator in the prior art.As shown in Figure 1, permanent magnet generator generally comprises: columnar stator cage 1, hollow cylinder stator core 2 and rotor, stator cage 1 are made by casting.Stator core 2 is cut out processing by silicon steel material through cold punching, and the process stack becomes hollow cylinder, circle has equally distributed groove 7 along circumference in the stator core 2, the stator coil (not shown) is set in the groove 7, stator coil is by the enamelled wire coiling, and stator coil connects into symmetrical polyphase windings according to certain rules.Stator core 2 is positioned at stator cage 1, rotor is installed in the hollow cylinder stator core 2, rotor comprises rotor field spider 3, cylindrical rotor yoke 4, rotating shaft 5 and tile shape permanent magnet pole 6, support is assemblied in the rotating shaft 5, cylindrical rotor yoke 4 is placed in outside the support 3, and tile shape permanent magnet pole 6 evenly distributes around the excircle of cylindrical rotor yoke 4.There is following weak point in permanent magnet generator of the prior art:

1) belong to the powder metallurgy class owing to make the material of permanent magnet pole, hardness is high to be difficult for processing, so can only be slit into difformity by line; Online when being cut into tile shape permanent magnet pole 6, owing to be not processed into simultaneously, there is interstice δ in both binding sites between the circular arc of its tile shape permanent magnet pole 6 and rotor yoke 4 ₂This interstice δ ₂Existence, wasted the magnetic energy of permanent magnet pole;

2) because interstice δ ₂Existence, need be than this interstice δ not ₂The time use more permanent magnet pole, and then increased the manufacturing cost of generator;

3) and because the permanent magnet pole 6 of this structure is directly faced the armature reaction magnetic flux of stator, permanent magnet is easy to generate the demagnetization bad reaction;

4) in addition, the permanent magnet pole 6 of the permanent magnet generator of existing structure overlaps with the pivot O of rotating shaft 5, so air gap is even.Fig. 2 is the sinusoidal waveform figure of the generating electromotive force of permanent magnet generator generation of the prior art.Fig. 3 is the sinusoidal waveform figure of the generating electromotive force under the perfect condition.As shown in Figure 2, the generating electromotive force that permanent magnet generator produces is approximately flat-topped wave, and the ideal sine wave that departs from hope shown in Figure 3 is bigger, and therefore existing permanent magnet generator causes the harmonic wave infringement to power consumption equipment.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model provides that a kind of waveform that generates electricity is good, efficient is high, significantly reduce harmonic wave to the power consumption equipment infringement and there is not the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe of demagnetization.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe, comprise stator cage, hollow cylinder stator core and rotor, described rotor comprises rotor field spider, rotor yoke, rotating shaft and a plurality of permanent magnet pole, described rotor field spider is installed in the rotating shaft, described rotor yoke is arranged at the described rotor field spider outside, described permanent magnet pole evenly distributes around the excircle of rotor yoke, is provided with the pole shoe that outer surface is an arc surface on each described permanent magnet pole.

Preferably, the axis of the described rotating shaft of axis runout of the arc surface of described pole shoe outer surface, and a plurality of described pole shoe is about the axis shaft symmetrical distribution of described rotating shaft.

Preferably, the cross section of described rotor yoke is a regular polygon, and the face that the outer surface of described permanent magnet pole and described rotor yoke fits is the plane.

Preferably, the shape of the cross section of described permanent magnet pole is rectangle.

Preferably, described pole shoe adopts carbon steel to make.

Preferably, described rotor yoke and the moulding of described rotor field spider integrally casting.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1, the utility model is easier, with low cost than general permanent magnet generator manufacturing, the generating waveform is good, generating efficiency is high, has significantly reduced the harm of harmonic wave to power consumption equipment.

2, the utility model is owing to increased pole shoe respectively on each permanent magnet magnetic pole, and therefore, when generator was worked, the armature reaction magnetic flux did not directly act on the surface of permanent magnet pole, thereby had slackened the risk of armature reaction degaussing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram of permanent magnet generator of the prior art;

Fig. 2 is the sinusoidal waveform figure of the generating electromotive force of permanent magnet generator generation of the prior art;

Fig. 3 is the sinusoidal waveform figure of the generating electromotive force under the perfect condition;

Fig. 4 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe of embodiment one of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe of embodiment two of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing of the partial structurtes of Fig. 5.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further detail, but not as to qualification of the present utility model.Stator core 2 is a hollow cylinder,

Embodiment one:

Fig. 4 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe of embodiment one of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 4, a kind of permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe of embodiment one of the present utility model, the stator core 2 and the rotor that comprise stator cage 1, hollow cylinder shape, rotor comprises rotor field spider 3, rotor yoke 4, rotating shaft 5 and a plurality of permanent magnet pole 6, rotor field spider 3 is installed in the rotating shaft 5, the outside and rotor field spider 3 integrally castings that rotor yoke 4 is positioned at rotor field spider 3 form, and permanent magnet pole 6 evenly distributes around the excircle of rotor yoke 4.Rotor is driven by wind energy, rotates in the inner chamber of stator core 2.Permanent magnet pole 6 on the rotor yoke 4 forms rotating magnetic field with the rotation of rotor.This rotating magnetic field produces potential power-generating output down to stator coil (not shown) in the stator core 2 and winding effect thereof.Wherein be provided with the pole shoe 101 that outer surface is an arc surface on each permanent magnet pole 6.Because the setting of pole shoe 101 makes that the armature reaction magnetic flux no longer directly acts on the surface of permanent magnet pole 6, thereby has slackened the risk of armature reaction degaussing when generator is worked.

The pole shoe 101 of present embodiment can adopt solid ordinary carbon steel to make, and is therefore cheap.

A kind of preferred version as present embodiment, the annulus that exterior arc surface surrounded of stator core 2, rotor field spider 3, rotor yoke 4, a plurality of permanent magnet pole 6 has identical pivot with rotating shaft 5, just they are coaxial, and the axis of the axis runout rotating shaft 5 of the arc surface of pole shoe 101 outer surfaces, and a plurality of pole shoe 101 is about the axis shaft symmetrical distribution of rotating shaft 5.As shown in Figure 4, the center of circle, cross section of its common axis of rotation is O, the center of circle in the cross section of the arc surface of one of them pole shoe 101 is O ', center of circle O does not overlap with center of circle O ', the center of circle in the cross section at the same position place of the arc surface of a plurality of pole shoes 101 is positioned on the broken circle shown in Fig. 4, and the radius of curvature of the arc surface of just a plurality of pole shoes 101 is identical.

Embodiment two:

Fig. 5 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe of embodiment two of the present utility model; Fig. 6 is the enlarged drawing of the partial structurtes of Fig. 5.As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, present embodiment two is with the difference of embodiment one: the rotor yoke 202 of present embodiment two is positive multiedge cylinder, be that its cross section is a regular polygon, corresponding, the face that the outer surface of permanent magnet pole 203 and rotor yoke 202 fits is the plane.The shape of cross section of the preferred permanent magnet pole 203 of present embodiment is rectangle, and just permanent magnet pole 203 is the plane with the face that fits of rotor yoke 202 not only, and other face also is the plane.Pole shoe 201 also is the plane with permanent magnet magnetic pole 203 contacted faces.

Present embodiment two is owing to all be set to the plane with the surface of rotor yoke 202, permanent magnet pole 203 and pole shoe 201 (except that the outer surface of pole shoe 201 is the arc surface), therefore make processing technology simpler, the lumber recovery height has reduced the waste of material, thereby has reduced manufacturing cost.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the annulus that exterior arc surface surrounded of the stator core 2 of present embodiment two, rotor field spider 3, rotor yoke 4 and a plurality of permanent magnet pole 203 has identical pivot with rotating shaft 5, promptly has identical rotating shaft.The center of circle, cross section of its common axis of rotation is O, the center of circle in the cross section of the exterior arc surface of a pole shoe 201 is O "; center of circle O " does not overlap with center of circle O, just each pole shoe 201 all with rotating shaft 5 disalignments, but depart from certain distance H, by the size of adjusting eccentric distance H, and then regulate the uneven degree of air gap (change δ _MaxThe ratio of/δ), air-gap field is distributed according to sinusoidal rule in the space, to obtain near the output of ideal sine wave generating electromotive force; Eccentric distance is obtained by following formula:

$H=\frac{(D_{i1}-{\mathrm{\&delta;}}_{\max }-\mathrm{\&delta;})({\mathrm{\&delta;}}_{\max }-\mathrm{\&delta;})}{2[(\frac{D_{i1}}{2}-\mathrm{\&delta;})-(\frac{D_{i1}}{2}-{\mathrm{\&delta;}}_{\max })\cos \mathrm{\&theta;}]}$

In the formula: D _I1-frame bore

δ _Max-maximum air gap

δ-minimal air gap

The central angle that θ-each pole pair is answered

Present embodiment two is owing to placing eccentric pole shoe 201, making the air gap between stator core 2 and the rotor inhomogeneous above the permanent magnet pole 203, change the air-gap permeance regularity of distribution in pole span τ (45 °) scope, the air-gap field that acquisition distributes near sinusoid, thereby obtain the output of sinusoid electricity generation and electromotion gesture, cut down even eliminated harmonic components in the electromotive force, greatly reduce the harmonic loss of generator and to the infringement of the harmonic wave of power consumption equipment, improved efficiency of motor, reach energy-conservation effect, and meet industrial requirement.

Pole shoe 201 in the present embodiment two adopts solid ordinary carbon steel to make, and compares silicon steel sheet, adopt the standard machinery processing and manufacturing to obtain different shapes easily, and manufacturing process is simple, has therefore reduced the manufacturing cost of motor.

The above is a preferred implementation of the present utility model; should be understood that; for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also are considered as dropping within the desired protection range of claim of the present utility model.

Claims (6)

1. permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe, comprise stator cage, hollow cylinder stator core and rotor, described rotor comprises rotor field spider, rotor yoke, rotating shaft and a plurality of permanent magnet pole, described rotor field spider is installed in the rotating shaft, described rotor yoke is arranged at the described rotor field spider outside, described permanent magnet pole evenly distributes around the excircle of rotor yoke, it is characterized in that, is provided with the pole shoe that outer surface is an arc surface on each described permanent magnet pole.

2. the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the axis of the described rotating shaft of axis runout of the arc surface of described pole shoe outer surface, and a plurality of described pole shoe is about the axis shaft symmetrical distribution of described rotating shaft.

3. the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, the cross section of described rotor yoke is a regular polygon, and the face that the outer surface of described permanent magnet pole and described rotor yoke fits is the plane.

4. the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe according to claim 3 is characterized in that the shape of the cross section of described permanent magnet pole is rectangle.

5. the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described pole shoe adopts carbon steel to make.

6. the permanent magnet generator that has pole shoe according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described rotor yoke and the moulding of described rotor field spider integrally casting.

Images