CN201803959U - Instrument for timely monitoring potassium concentration in brine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an instrument for timely monitoring potassium concentration in brine. A detecting cavity is provided with a NaI (TI) scintillator detector, a beta Geiger-Mller counter and a temperature sensor. Signal transmitting ends of the NaI (TI) scintillator detector, the beta Geiger-Mller counter and the temperature sensor are connected with a host machine of the instrument. The beta Geiger-Mller counter is only sensitive to the charged particle rather than the gamma ray, so that the instrument can guarantee that the ray counting measured by the beta Geiger-Mller counter is mainly from the beta ray which is radiated from K-40 in the brine even the beta Geiger-Mller counter is not shielded by the lead after the detecting cavity is completely immersed into the brine, thereby achieving the aim that the influence to the measurement caused by the cosmic high-energy ray and the environmental radiation background is reduced. Due to the beta Geiger-Mller counter, the cost of the instrument is reduced.

Description

The instrument of potassium concn in a kind of real-time monitoring bittern

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of measuring instrument of potassium concn, relates to a kind of instrument that bittern potassium concn (g/kg) detected at the scene in real time that is used for specifically.

Background technology

Produce in the process of potash fertilizer at salt lake bittern, at first need the lake water solar evaporation simmer down to potassium concn bittern within the specific limits in the concentration basin, therefore can monitor in real time the potassium concn of the bittern in the concentration basin, to enhancing productivity, energy efficient has great importance.

In addition, behind the extraction desalination water, the remainder salt concentration increases, and is referred to as " strong brine " from seawater.The seawater of present 1 ten thousand stere can output 5 kilosteres desalination water, residue strong brine salt content will exceed one times than common seawater.Strong brine can be used for producing crude salt and uses through refining again, and remaining bittern partly also can be used further to extract elements such as potassium, magnesium, and these compositions can be used as the raw material of chemical fertilizer and are applied to agricultural.Present China is one city, Qingdao only, and the scale of desalinization in 2010 just reaches ten thousand stere every days 180,000 to 20, will reach ten thousand stere every days 350,000 to 40 to the year two thousand twenty desalinization scale.

Therefore, the real-time monitoring to the bittern potassium concn in the bittern development and use process has great significance.But the method for potassium concn mostly is gravimetric method, volumetric method or analyzes with instrument such as ion-selective electrode, atomic absorption in the analysis bittern at present commonly used, but these modes just can be analyzed after all needing bittern sampling taken back the laboratory, formality is loaded down with trivial details, the time that obtains as a result is long, can not satisfy the real-time monitoring to potassium concn in the bittern.

Summary of the invention

At the instrument of potassium concn in the existing bittern and the defective that detection method exists, the utility model provides the instrument of potassium concn in the real-time monitoring bittern that a kind of detection speed is fast, accuracy of detection is high.

Solving the problems of the technologies described above the concrete technical measures of being taked is: the instrument of potassium concn in a kind of real-time monitoring bittern, it is characterized in that: NaI (Tl) scintillator detector (2) is installed in the centre position of surveying cavity (1), around NaI (Tl) scintillator detector (2), be equipped with four β Geiger-Muller counters symmetrically, be respectively: a β Geiger-Muller counter (4), the 2nd β Geiger-Muller counter (5), the 3rd β Geiger-Muller counter (6), the 4th β Geiger-Muller counter (7), the lead system shielding (3) of one end closed circular tubular is housed on NaI (Tl) scintillator detector (2), at the front end of surveying cavity (1), temperature sensor (8) is housed, in the rear end of surveying cavity (1), water joint (9) is housed, the water joint outgoing cable, the cable other end connects instrument main frame (10).

The beneficial effects of the utility model: because occurring in nature exists a large amount of high energy cosmic rayss and environmental radiation background, these all can bring interference to independent gamma-rays or β ray detection, influence measuring accuracy.

The utility model then adopts certain thickness stereotype that NaI (Tl) scintillator detector is shielded, make gamma-rays that NaI (Tl) scintillator detector detects mainly from the bittern of surveying cavity the place ahead, reduced the influence of universe high-energy ray and environmental radiation background measuring.

Similarly, because the β ray that needs to analyze is that highest energy is the continuum β ray of 1.33MeV, therefore the ray energy resolution characteristic requirement to beta rediation detector is not very high, only require counting to get final product, so select for use the β Geiger-Muller counter of low cost just can satisfy the requirement of application, reduce the cost of instrument.

And the selected β Geiger-Muller counter of the utility model is insensitive to gamma-rays, only to the charged particle sensitivity, and the range of alpha ray in solid matter generally has only several microns, can be detected the cavity shielding fully, guaranteed the measurement not influence of occurring in nature alpha ray to this instrument; And highest energy is that the Beta-ray penetration capacity of continuum of 1.33MeV will be significantly less than the gamma-rays that energy is 1.46MeV, therefore after the detection cavity immerses bittern fully, even if need not plumbous the β Geiger-Muller counter be shielded, can guarantee that also the measured ray counting of β Geiger-Muller counter mainly comes from the β ray that K-40 gave off in the bittern, has reached minimizing universe high-energy ray and environmental radiation background to measuring the purpose of influence.

Adopt the teflon material to make the detection cavity, then can avoid the corrosion of bittern better, prolong the serviceable life of instrument the instrument surface.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an instrument structure synoptic diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 be Fig. 1 the A-A view and with the connection diagram of instrument main frame;

Fig. 3 is the instrument structure synoptic diagram that adopts two β Geiger-Muller counters.

Among the figure: 1 surveys cavity; 2NaI (Tl) scintillator detector; 3 plumbous system shieldings; 4 the one β Geiger-Muller counters; 5 the 2nd β Geiger-Muller counters; 6 the 3rd β Geiger-Muller counters; 7 the 4th β Geiger-Muller counters; 8 temperature sensors; 9 water joints; 10 main frames.

Embodiment

Be described with reference to the accompanying drawings instrument structure of the present utility model.

At present, the isotope that metallic potassium has been found one has 25 kinds of isotopes from K-32 to K-55, but the potassium that exists under field conditions (factors) has three kinds of isotopes, is respectively K-39, K-40, K-41.Wherein K-39 and K-41 are stable isotope, do not have radioactivity.K-40 then is non-stable isotope, and can radiate continuum β ray and the energy that highest energy is 1.33MeV by decay is the gamma-rays of 1.46MeV.And the abundance of K-40 in natural potassium is 0.012%, is a constant amount.What of K-40 in the bittern we can be by measuring like this, and then infer that the concentration of potassium element in the bittern comes.

The instrument of potassium concn in a kind of real-time monitoring bittern, as Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2: as to survey cavity 1 and make for teflon, outward appearance is a cylindrical shape, in the centre position of surveying cavity 1 NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2 is installed, NaI (Tl) the scintillator detector 2 concrete NaI that comprises (Tl) crystal, photomultiplier, power circuit, signal processing circuit etc. have been that the personage is in common knowledge in the industry.

The function of NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2 is: when gamma-rays is received by NaI (Tl) crystal, make NaI (Tl) crystal be excited to produce fluorescence; This fluorescence is received by first photomultiplier and it is converted into electric signal, and this electric signal is the pulse signal that amplitude and incident energy of become certain linear relationship; After this pulse signal is transferred to signal processing circuit, being screened out corresponding energy is the gamma-ray pulse signal of 1.46MeV, and per second carries out stored count, and what of this counting rate have been reflected the gamma-ray intensity of 1.46MeV that NaI (Tl) crystal receives in this second.This counting rate signal is finally given the main frame (10) of instrument by cable transmission.The power circuit of NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2, signal processing circuit can be by personages in the industry with relevant nuclear electronics knowledge, according to the designed production of the concrete function of required realization.

Around NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2, settling four β Geiger-Muller counters symmetrically, be respectively: a β Geiger-Muller counter 4, the 2nd β Geiger-Muller counter 5, the 3rd β Geiger-Muller counter 6, the 4th β Geiger-Muller counter 7, the β geiger-maitreya tube that the β Geiger-Muller counter specifically comprised, power circuit, counting circuit etc. have been that the personage is in common knowledge in the industry.

The effect of β Geiger-Muller counter is: the Beta-ray number that the β geiger-maitreya tube is received is carried out per second accumulative total.This result is finally given the main frame (10) of instrument by cable transmission.The power circuit of β Geiger-Muller counter, counting circuit can be by personages in the industry with relevant nuclear electronics knowledge, according to the designed production of the concrete function of required realization.

Around NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2, position except the gamma detector front end, be enclosed with certain thickness, become the lead system of an end closed circular tubular to shield 3, be used for shielding the high energy cosmic rays of occurring in nature, reduce of the influence of occurring in nature high energy cosmic rays measuring accuracy.

Front end surveying cavity 1 is equipped with temperature sensor 8, and the part of the detected temperatures of temperature sensor 8 is exposed to the detection cavity surface.

In the rear end of surveying cavity 1, water joint 9 is housed, there is cable to draw from water joint, be NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2, the one β Geiger-Muller counter 4, the 2nd β Geiger-Muller counter 5, the 3rd β Geiger-Muller counter 6, the 4th β Geiger-Muller counter 7, temperature sensor 8 provides working power, and with NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2, the one β Geiger-Muller counter 4, the 2nd β Geiger-Muller counter 5, the 3rd β Geiger-Muller counter 6, the 4th β Geiger-Muller counter 7, the signal of temperature sensor 8 is transferred to instrument main frame 10.The type selecting of this cable, the character of supply voltage, electric current and the signal that can be transmitted as required by personage in the industry is carried out according to conventional type selecting principle.

Use the detection method of the instrument of potassium concn in the above-mentioned real-time monitoring bittern:

Can pass through various fixation means, will survey cavity 1 and place bittern, require bittern not have detection cavity 1 fully, and the front end of surveying cavity 1 is towards the below or the side.

NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2 screens out the gamma-rays that the energy that belongs to K-40 is 1.46MeV from the whole gamma-rays that receives, and quantity is added up, and the cable transmission of passing through that the counting rate N of per second is real-time arrives main frame 10.

The one β Geiger-Muller counter 4 is counted the β ray that detects, and by cable the counting rate M1 of per second is transferred to main frame 10.

The 2nd β Geiger-Muller counter 5 is counted the β ray that detects, and by cable the counting rate M2 of per second is transferred to main frame 10.

The 3rd β Geiger-Muller counter 6 is counted the β ray that detects, and by cable the counting rate M3 of per second is transferred to main frame 10.

The 4th β Geiger-Muller counter 7 is counted the β ray that detects, and by cable the counting rate M4 of per second is transferred to main frame 10.

Temperature sensor 8 with detected temperature T in the mode of electronic signal by cable transmission to main frame 10.

Main frame 10 if temperature T is lower than 4 ℃, then calculates potassium concn concentration in the bittern by following formula at first according to judging whether temperature sensor 8 is lower than 4 ℃ with detected temperature T:

$P=\frac{A1\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}^2+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="B"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}1\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="M"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">M</figure-callout>}}^2+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="C"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}1\&CenterDot;N\&CenterDot;M+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}1\&CenterDot;N+E1\&CenterDot;M+F1}{G1\&CenterDot;T^2+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="H"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">H</figure-callout>}1\&CenterDot;T+I1};$

If temperature T is equal to or higher than 4 ℃, then calculate potassium concn concentration in the bittern by following formula:

$P=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="A"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">A</figure-callout>}2\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="N"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">N</figure-callout>}}^2+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="B"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">B</figure-callout>}2\&CenterDot;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="M"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">M</figure-callout>}}^2+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}2\&CenterDot;N\&CenterDot;M+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}2\&CenterDot;N+E2\&CenterDot;M+F2}{G2\&CenterDot;T^2+\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="H"\; filenames="HSA00000298536300011.png,HSA00000298536300022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">H</figure-callout>}2\&CenterDot;T+I2};$

In the formula: P is the concentration of potassium in the bittern; T is temperature sensor 8 detected temperature; N is the counting rate that NaI (Tl) scintillator detector 2 is transferred to main frame 10; M is the arithmetic mean that a β Geiger-Muller counter 4, the 2nd β Geiger-Muller counter 5, the 3rd β Geiger-Muller counter 6, the 4th β Geiger-Muller counter 7 are transferred to the counting rate of main frame 10, and promptly M=(M1+M2+M3+M4) ÷ 4.

A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1, G1, H1, I1 are the undetermined coefficient of formula, can be by being lower than at brine temperature under 4 ℃ the condition, and sampling in large quantities adopts conventional nonlinear regression and fitting to obtain.

A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, G32, H2, I2 are the undetermined coefficient of formula, can be by being equal to or higher than at brine temperature under 4 ℃ the condition, and sampling in large quantities adopts conventional nonlinear regression and fitting to obtain.

Present embodiment adopts four β Geiger-Muller counters, and the quantity of β Geiger-Muller counter suitably increases and decreases, and also can reach identical testing goal.Survey the face shaping of cavity and also can make suitable modification thereupon.

As shown in Figure 3, being the face shaping of surveying cavity is oval cylinder, adopts the structural representation of two β Geiger-Muller counter forms.

When the quantity that adopts the β Geiger-Muller counter changed, the form of computing formula need not change, and only wherein suitable modification is made in the source of variable M:

$M=\frac{1}{n}\&CenterDot;\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}\mathrm{Mi}$

Wherein n is total number of the β Geiger-Muller counter that adopted, and Mi is the counting rate that i β Geiger-Muller counter is transferred to main frame.

Concrete application example:

Surveying cavity is that teflon is made, and outward appearance is that cylindrical shape is cylindric;

The front end of NaI (Tl) scintillator detector, the outside surface of range sensing cavity is 3mm;

NaI (Tl) crystalline size in NaI (Tl) scintillator detector is diameter 10cm, thickness 10cm, the CR165 that photomultiplier adopts Beijing Hamamatsu Technology Co., Ltd. to produce, and power circuit and signal processing circuit are customized by professional production producer;

β Geiger-Muller counter and NaI (Tl) scintillator detector is customized by professional production producer;

The lead system shielding thickness of NaI (Tl) scintillator detector coated outside is 3mm;

By fixation means, with survey the cavity front end downward place bittern, and bittern did not have the detection cavity fully.

Through sampling and chemical examination contrast in large quantities, brine temperature is divided into two groups according to whether being lower than 4 ℃ with data during according to sampling, will wherein be lower than those group data of 4 ℃ by the nonlinear regression and fitting algorithm, and it is as follows to obtain related coefficient:

A1＝0.2563；B1＝0.7227；C1＝-1.3465；D1＝11.3986；E1＝-3.5578；F1＝2.4347；G1＝-0.1039；H1＝4.2873；I1＝1.8763。

Similarly, another group data that wherein are equal to or higher than 4 ℃ are passed through the nonlinear regression and fitting algorithm, also can obtain related coefficient A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, G2, H2, I2.

Claims (1)

1. real-time instrument of potassium concn in the monitoring bittern, it is characterized in that: NaI (Tl) scintillator detector (2) is installed in the centre position of surveying cavity (1), around NaI (Tl) scintillator detector (2), be equipped with four β Geiger-Muller counters symmetrically, be respectively: a β Geiger-Muller counter (4), the 2nd β Geiger-Muller counter (5), the 3rd β Geiger-Muller counter (6), the 4th β Geiger-Muller counter (7), the lead system shielding (3) of one end closed circular tubular is housed on NaI (Tl) scintillator detector (2), at the front end of surveying cavity (1), temperature sensor (8) is housed, in the rear end of surveying cavity (1), water joint (9) is housed, water joint (9) outgoing cable, the cable other end connects instrument main frame (10).

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