CN201797318U - Reactance-adjustable reactive power compensator - Google Patents
Reactance-adjustable reactive power compensator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201797318U CN201797318U CN2010201185093U CN201020118509U CN201797318U CN 201797318 U CN201797318 U CN 201797318U CN 2010201185093 U CN2010201185093 U CN 2010201185093U CN 201020118509 U CN201020118509 U CN 201020118509U CN 201797318 U CN201797318 U CN 201797318U
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- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- reactance
- reactive power
- capacitor
- adjustable
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/40—Arrangements for reducing harmonics
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Abstract
A reactance-adjustable reactive power compensator comprises an adjustable reactor and a capacitor bank. The adjustable reactor and the capacitor bank are parallelly connected onto a circuit after being serially connected with each other, the adjusting reactor adopts a magnetic valve dry-type iron core reactor, and is mainly used for restraining power harmonics and limiting switching-on inrush current when in high and low voltage power grid reactive power compensation, and the reactor leads reactance rate to meet certain requirements so as to achieve the best harmonic restraining effect by means of adjusting inductive reactance value of the reactor according to conditions of power harmonics, so that functions of not only compensating power grid reactive power but avoiding changing effect of restraining certain harmonic.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance that suppresses mains by harmonics and restriction inrush phenomenon when being used for high-low pressure power system reactive power dynamic compensation.
Background technology
All accumulating relatively rich experience aspect reactive power compensation and the harmonic wave control both at home and abroad at present, and the product that comparative maturity is all arranged both at home and abroad, reactive power compensation adopts the method for switched capacitor usually, harmonic wave control usually adopts passive or active filter to realize the improvement of harmonic wave, passive filter mainly is to be made of reactor and capacitors in series, advantage with easy design, but its filter effect depends on system impedance characteristics.Although Active Power Filter-APF has the not available huge technical advantage of passive filter, but it is also unrealistic to want to replace passive filter fully at present in electric power system, this is because compare with passive filter, the cost height of Active Power Filter-APF, this point is the main cause that the restriction Active Power Filter-APF is promoted the use of, therefore, passive filter uses also commonplace at present.
Because electrical network loading condition complexity, most electrical networks all need to carry out simultaneously reactive power compensation and harmonic wave control, so just need two covering devices, moreover directly capacitor is connected in parallel on and carries out reactive power compensation on the electrical network, will produce certain harmonic wave on the electrical network amplifies, series reactor is that very effective and feasible method solves the harmonic wave scale-up problem in the loop of shunt capacitor, if the reactance Rate of reactor is selected the suitable effect that can suppress high order harmonic component again.Therefore, present domestic electric network reactive compensation device all is that fixing reactor is series in the capacitor loops, can not only compensate reactive power in the electrical network like this, can also suppress the harmonic wave in the electrical network.And load is constantly changing in the actual electric network, and power factor is also changing at any time, in order to adapt to the power factor that electrical network changes, just requires to adopt the multiple unit capacitor grouping switching, to reach the purpose of power factor of electric network being carried out dynamic compensation.If the group number of capacitor changes, and the induction reactance of reactor value is constant, does not then have the effect that suppresses harmonic wave, the effect that harmonic wave amplifies also might occur.Not only play power back-off but also suppress mains by harmonics and adopt many group reactors to use with the multiple unit capacitor tandem compound respectively usually in order to reach, this method shortcoming is to need many group reactors, has increased equipment investment, has also increased floor space.
Practical operation situation by above-mentioned analysis and electrical network, the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance can realize that reactive power compensation and harmonic wave control are in the compensation filter effect of one, so not only can reduce equipment investment, reduced the floor space of equipment, also realized simultaneously the double effects of reactive power compensation and harmonic wave control, therefore, the adjustable reactor with T-shaped core of reactance Rate has very important actual application value.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is the induction reactance value of series reactor, be that reactance Rate is adjustable continuously within the specific limits, automatically regulate to reach when mains by harmonics and reactive power change, make reactive power compensation and harmonic wave suppress to reach optimum efficiency, and can reduce equipment investment and reduce occupation area of equipment.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model provides a kind of adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance that harmonic wave and restriction are shoved that suppresses when being used for the high-low pressure electric network reactive compensation.
The adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance comprises Regulatable reactor and capacitor group; Regulatable reactor and capacitor group series connection back parallel connection are on the line.
The capacitor group of the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance comprises many group switches and multiple unit capacitor; Parallel with one another again after each switch and each capacitors in series, constitute the capacitor group.
The Regulatable reactor of the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance comprises that reactor winding and core of reactor constitute, core of reactor adopts variable cross-section, the cross section of iron core is reduced in the middle of the iron core a bit ofly, change the induction reactance value of reactor by the degree of saturation of change small bore magnetic circuit.
The switch of the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance can be A.C. contactor, controllable silicon or combination switch; If switch is an A.C. contactor, then in ac contactor circuit, be connected in series a fuse, with protection switch.
The utlity model has positive effect: the induction reactance value of (1) reactor realizes regulating continuously by the magnetic circuit degree of saturation of regulating core of reactor, make reactance Rate 0.1～1%, 4.5%～6% and 6%～12% or other scopes adjustable continuously, can satisfy when the mains by harmonics ripple changes effect to the mains by harmonics optimal inhibition.(2) the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance of the present utility model can with capacitor group combination in any, keep reactance Rate constant, when realizing power system reactive power compensate, the function of inhibition harmonic wave also remains unchanged.(3) reactor winding of the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance of the present utility model and iron core adopt epoxy to cast, and can be the dry type natural cooling, also can adopt the oil immersed type cooling, and be easy for installation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the connection layout of Regulatable reactor and the capacitor group of embodiment 1
Fig. 2 is the capacitor group theory of constitution figure of embodiment 1
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the Regulatable reactor of embodiment 1
Fig. 4 is connected to bus schematic diagram and single-phase equivalent loop for the parallel capacitor device of embodiment 1
Fig. 5 is the series parallel resonance schematic diagram of embodiment 1
Embodiment
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the adjustable reactive power compensator of the reactance of present embodiment comprises Regulatable reactor 1 and capacitor group 2; Regulatable reactor 1 and the 2 series connection back parallel connections of capacitor group are on the line; Capacitor group 2 comprises many group switch 2-1 and multiple unit capacitor 2-2; Parallel with one another again after each switch 2-1 and each the capacitor 2-2 series connection, constitute the capacitor group.The Regulatable reactor 1 of present embodiment is made up of reactor winding 1-1 and core of reactor 1-2, core of reactor 1-2 adopts variable cross-section, in the middle of iron core, reduce the cross section of iron core a bit of, change the induction reactance value of reactor by the degree of saturation that changes the small bore magnetic circuit, be illustrated in figure 3 as the structure and the circuit diagram of magnetic valve type Regulatable reactor.The main iron core of reactor is split into two halves, and sectional area respectively is A
y, length is l～l
tDifferent is, and each half iron core has a length is l
tThe small bore section, its area is A
Yt(A
Yt＜A
y).The winding that four numbers of turn are N/2 is respectively symmetrically on two and half iron core column.It is δ=N that two windings up and down on each half iron core column respectively have a tapping ratio
2The tap of/N is connected to thyristor K between them
P1, K
P2After two winding interconnections up and down of different iron cores, be parallel to electrical network, fly-wheel diode is then across intersecting on the end points.As shown in Figure 2, if K
P1, K
P2Not conducting, according to the symmetry of winding construction as can be known, this moment, reactor and unloaded transformer did not have difference.When power supply is in positive half cycle, thyristor K
P1Bear forward voltage, K
P2Bear reverse voltage.If K
P1The conducting (being 2 equipotentials of a, b) that is triggered, power supply are to be N by the number of turn after the winding self coupling transformation of δ through voltage ratio
2Winding provide direct-current control voltage and electric current to circuit.In like manner, if K
P2Triggering and conducting when the power-half cycle also will produce direct-current control voltage and electric current, and, the direction of Control current and K
P1Unanimity during conducting.In a power frequency period of power supply, controllable silicon K
P1, K
P2In turn conducting played full-wave rectification, diode plays the afterflow effect.Change K
P1, K
P2Trigger angle just can change the size of Control current, thereby change the saturation of core of reactor, smoothly regulate the capacity of reactor continuously.As shown in Figure 1, (area is A to magnetic valve type Regulatable reactor iron circuit by the bigger part of area
y, length is l-l
t) and the less part of area (area is A
Yt, length is l
t) be in series.Because in the entire capacity adjustable range of magnetic valve type Regulatable reactor, the operating state of large tracts of land iron leg core is in the unsaturation linear zone of magnetic circuit all the time, the relative small size l of its magnetic resistance
tThe iron leg core is very little, ignores so give.As seen, the magnetic circuit of magnetic valve type Regulatable reactor is " valve formula " structure, when area is A
YtThe small bore iron core complete when saturated, be equivalent to magnet valve door Close All, the magnetic resistance maximum, this moment, whole magnetic circuit was A just as area
y, length is l
tAir-gap (be noted that this moment area be A
yStack of lamination unsaturated).And work as area is A
YtSmall bore core packet when being in the unsaturation linear zone, magnetic resistance is very little, the magnetic line of force almost completely therefrom passes through, the magnet valve door is opened fully.In other cases, the magnetic line of force is A with some by area
y-A
YtAir-gap, another part is by the small bore core packet, the former magnetic resistance be a linearity, the latter's magnetic resistance is non-linear, so the magnetic circuit of reactor is made up of the magnetic resistance of two parallel connections.
The single-phase choice of capacity of series reactor: as shown in Figure 4, device is connected to bus, its capacitor group and reactor series connection, and general three-phase adopts the isolated neutral Y-connection, and the capacity of every phase equates, so the single-phase equivalent loop circuit representation of available Fig. 4.But the specified reactance Rate following formula of device calculates, that is: K=X
L/ X
C, U wherein
C=I
CX
C, U
L=I
CX
L, Q
L=U
LI
L=I
L 2X
L=KI
C 2X
C=KQ
C
Can get thus, the single-phase capacity of series reactor equals the specified reactance Rate K that the single-phase capacity of capacitor group multiply by device.
The selection of series reactor reactance Rate K: harmonic resonance in parallel: in electric power system, it is for compensating power that Shunt Capacitor Unit is installed, and improves voltage levvl.But install the frequency characteristic that Shunt Capacitor Unit can change system harmonic impedance additional, for power frequency, the induction reactance X of system
SVery little, thereby resonance can not take place generally, but when containing harmonic component in the system, the parallel resonance with system just may take place.As shown in Figure 5, n is a harmonic number; I
nBe harmonic current source in the electrical network; U
nBe harmonic current decanting point bus harmonic voltage; NX
sBe system equivalent harmonic wave induction reactance; X
C/ n is the anti-appearance of capacitor group harmonic wave; NX
LBe capacitor group series reactor harmonic wave induction reactance.
Parallel resonance is the resonance that system and Shunt Capacitor Unit produce, its resonance frequency depends on system harmonics induction reactance and capacitor group harmonic wave capacitive reactance (capacitor branch road), condition of resonance is: system harmonics induction reactance=shunt capacitor harmonic wave capacitive reactance-series reactor harmonic wave induction reactance, i.e. nX
S=X
C/ n-nX
LBy X
S=ω L
S, X
L=ω L
L, X
C=1/ (ω C) can get n ω L
S=1/ (n ω C)-n ω L
LBe resonance angular frequency ω=1/n (L
S+ L
L) C and ω=2 ∏ f, so resonance frequency: f=1/2 ∏ n (L
S+ L
L) C.When the frequency of nth harmonic during near resonance frequency f, parallel resonance will take place, the voltage and current same-phase in the loop at this moment, its equivalent harmonic wave induction reactance X
n=nX
S(nX
L-X
C/ n)/nX
S+ nX
L-X
C/ n, nX when harmonic resonance in parallel takes place
S+ nX
L≈ X
C/ n, denominator nX
S+ nX
L-X
CSo/n ≈ 0 is X
nBe worth very big, and U
n=I
nX
n, so the resonance potential U on the substation busbars
nCan be very high.The harmonic current that enters capacitor group branch road distributes I
Cn=I
NnXs/ (nX
S+ nX
L-X
C/ n); Enter the harmonic current components I of system
Sn=I
n(nX
L-X
C/ n)/(nX
S+ nX
L-X
C/ n).The harmonic current that enters system and capacitor group branch road distributes different because of harmonic number, system reactance and series reactor reactance Rate, I might occur
Sn＞I
n, be called the system harmonics electric current this moment and amplify; Also I may appear
Cn＞I
n, be called capacitor group harmonic current this moment and amplify; I appears when simultaneously
Sn＞I
n, I
Cn＞I
nThe time, be called harmonic current and seriously amplify.When parallel resonance took place, the harmonic current amplification reached maximum.
As previously mentioned, the condition that harmonic resonance in parallel takes place is nX
s+ nX
L=X
C/ n, i.e. nX
S+ nKX
C=X
C/ n, K=1/n
2-X
s/ X
cShunt Capacitor Unit installs series reactor additional as suppressing the effective measures that harmonic current amplifies, and the specified reactance Rate of capacitor group device is answered K＞1/n
2-X
s/ X
cIf the busbar short-circuit capacity of Shunt Capacitor Unit device installation place is S
d, S then
d=U
2/ Xs, the capacity Q of capacitor group again
C=(3U
2/ X
C)
-2So, by K＞1/n
2-X
S/ X
CCan derive K＞1/n
2-Q
C/ S
d, Q
c＞S
d(1/n
2The capacity of capacitor bank of parallel resonance is avoided in-given the verification of Code for design of installation of shunt capacitors that K) Here it is, design is when definite capacitor component pool-size, should be according to the system background harmonic wave, when subdivided capacitor is moved by various combined capacity, avoid the resonance capacity as far as possible and carry out verification, the serious amplification and the resonance of harmonic wave must not take place.
The series connection harmonic resonance: the series loop that is made of series reactor and Shunt Capacitor Unit for the condition of nth harmonic generation series resonance is: nX
L=X
c/ n, total reactance of the series loop of series reactor and Shunt Capacitor Unit formation at this moment is zero, electric current and voltage same-phase, loop current reaches maximum.Avoid taking place series resonance, then should satisfy nX
L＞X
C/ n, i.e. nKX
C＞X
C/ n, K＞1/n
2, promptly must satisfy K＞1/n
2As the above analysis, the specified reactance Rate K of capacitor group device that avoids parallel resonance must satisfy K＞1/n
2-Q
C/ S
dBecause capacity of capacitor bank is very little with respect to system short circuit capacity to be Q
C/ S
dRatio is very little, and the value of the specified reactance Rate K of capacitor group device of obviously avoiding taking place series resonance is very approaching with the value of avoiding parallel resonance K.Therefore for avoiding in service because of a variety of causes slips into the parallel resonance state, the specified reactance Rate K of capacitor group device is by satisfying K＞1/n in actual engineering
2During value, must leave certain nargin.
The effect that reaches: can regulate the effect that reactance Rate reaches the optimal inhibition harmonic wave according to the mains by harmonics situation, pass through to adjust the induction reactance value maintenance reactance Rate K=X of reactor in the time of can also dividing into groups the difference switched capacitor according to power system reactive power automatically
L/ X
CConstant, do not change the function that suppresses a certain harmonic wave to reach.
Claims (4)
1. the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance is characterized in that, comprises Regulatable reactor (1) and capacitor group (2); Regulatable reactor (1) and capacitor group (2) series connection back parallel connection are on the line.
2. the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, capacitor group (2) comprises many group switches (2-1) and multiple unit capacitor (2-2); Parallel with one another again after each switch (2-1) and each capacitor (2-2) series connection, constitute capacitor group (2).
3. the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, Regulatable reactor (1) comprises that reactor winding (1-1) and core of reactor (1-2) constitute, core of reactor (1-2) adopts variable cross-section, the cross section of iron core is reduced in the middle of the iron core a bit ofly, change the induction reactance value of reactor by the degree of saturation of change small bore magnetic circuit.
4. the adjustable reactive power compensator of reactance as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that switch (2-1) can be A.C. contactor, controllable silicon or combination switch; If switch (2-1) is an A.C. contactor, then in ac contactor circuit, be connected in series a fuse, with protection switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201185093U CN201797318U (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2010-02-25 | Reactance-adjustable reactive power compensator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201185093U CN201797318U (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2010-02-25 | Reactance-adjustable reactive power compensator |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201797318U true CN201797318U (en) | 2011-04-13 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201185093U Expired - Fee Related CN201797318U (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2010-02-25 | Reactance-adjustable reactive power compensator |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102244388A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-11-16 | 上海华艾软件有限公司 | Reactive power compensation and filtering device with automatically adjustable inductance ratio |
| CN107677943A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-09 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of High Voltage XLPE Power Cable and its annex fundamental wave superposition multiple-harmonic experimental rig |
| CN113675851A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-19 | 西安西电电力系统有限公司 | Passive filter bank with variable tuning frequency and tuning frequency control method |
| CN113791664A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-12-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Power compensation device and power compensation method |
-
2010
- 2010-02-25 CN CN2010201185093U patent/CN201797318U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102244388A (en) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-11-16 | 上海华艾软件有限公司 | Reactive power compensation and filtering device with automatically adjustable inductance ratio |
| CN107677943A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-02-09 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of High Voltage XLPE Power Cable and its annex fundamental wave superposition multiple-harmonic experimental rig |
| CN113791664A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-12-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Power compensation device and power compensation method |
| CN113675851A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-19 | 西安西电电力系统有限公司 | Passive filter bank with variable tuning frequency and tuning frequency control method |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20110413 Termination date: 20130225 |