CN201765319U - Sound source positioning device - Google Patents
Sound source positioning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201765319U CN201765319U CN2010202153140U CN201020215314U CN201765319U CN 201765319 U CN201765319 U CN 201765319U CN 2010202153140 U CN2010202153140 U CN 2010202153140U CN 201020215314 U CN201020215314 U CN 201020215314U CN 201765319 U CN201765319 U CN 201765319U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a sound source positioning device, and relates to a device for applying sound wave to position by matching of determining multiple directions. The utility model is a three-dimensional space sound source target positioning device and consists of three parts, i.e. a hearing sensor, a sound source signal microprocessor and an upper computer system, wherein the hearing sensor is a microphone array which is of a quaternary regular tetrahedral structure; four microphones are respectively positioned at four top points of the regular tetrahedral structure; the sound source signal microprocessor consists of a sound signal amplifying module, an analysis latch module and a communication transmission module; and the upper computer system consists of a positioning computing method and peripheral equipment. All parts and hardware parts among all the modules are respectively connected by wires. The sound source positioning device realizes accurate positioning of sound sources at any position in the three-dimensional space so as to establish omnibearing hearing scene, and has the advantages of simple structure, higher accuracy and anti-noise capability.
Description
Technical field
The technical solution of the utility model relates to uses the device that sound wave is located by the cooperation of determining a plurality of directions, specifically a kind of auditory localization device.
Background technology
Now, along with the continuous expansion of bionics techniques application, become the important topic of numerous research fields such as Mobile Robotics Navigation, voice signal enhancing and submarine target perception gradually based on the sense of hearing cognition technology of microphone array.We can say that the sense of hearing is one of important symbol of intelligent robot of new generation, is to realize " people-machine-environment " mutual important means.Because sound has the characteristic of cut-through thing, in many information acquisition systems, the sense of hearing can match with vision and remedy the limitation that its visual field is limited and can not pass non-printing opacity barrier.In addition, can not only the localization of sound source target in " auditory scene ", can also obtain more valuable information by the modern signal processing technology.Therefore, design high-precision auditory localization device and all have important use value at numerous areas such as medical treatment, service and military affairs.
Existing auditory localization device mostly is merely able under the ecotopia of ground unrest acoustic target not positioned having, and it is structurally redundant complicated.Because sound wave is very responsive, measured sound field is easy to be subjected to the interference of measurement mechanism itself, thus the precision that influence is measured.If the quantity of sensor is more in the microphone array, structure is complicated, not only need higher cost of manufacture, and can directly have influence on freely spreading of sound wave, can cause the mistake of measurement result when serious.In addition, in three dimensions, owing to be subjected to the influence of factors such as the angle of pitch and distance, can produce than mistake to the bearing accuracy of acoustic target." the highway auditory localization control system " of CN201166703 report, adopt five yuan of pentahedral array structures, its bearing accuracy is only just more satisfactory under the far field situation of the big angle of pitch, can't be implemented in the three dimensions the accurate location to the optional position sound source.
The utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: a kind of auditory localization device is provided, and is three dimensions acoustic target locating device.This auditory localization device has been realized in three dimensions the accurate location of optional position sound source is made up omnibearing " auditory scene " thus, and it is simple in structure, precision is higher, and has anti-noise ability.
The utility model solves this technical problem the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of auditory localization device, it is three dimensions acoustic target locating device, constitute by hearing transducer, sound-source signal microprocessor and master system three parts, wherein, described hearing transducer is the microphone array of quaternary positive tetrahedron structure, and four microphones lay respectively at four summits of this positive tetrahedron structure; Described sound-source signal microprocessor is made of voice signal amplification module, analysis latch module and communications module; Described master system is made of main frame, display, keyboard and mouse.Hardware components between hardware components between hardware components between hearing transducer and the sound-source signal microprocessor, sound-source signal microprocessor and the master system, voice signal amplification module and the analysis latch module, the hardware components of analyzing between latch module and the communications module all interconnect with lead.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, described quaternary positive tetrahedron structure is the positive tetrahedron framework made from hard material, its size is that the tetrahedral length of side is 24.14cm.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, used microphone is the omni-directional Electret Condencer Microphone in the microphone array of described quaternary positive tetrahedron structure.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, used microphone is the post pole formula microphone in the omni-directional Electret Condencer Microphone type in the microphone array of described quaternary positive tetrahedron structure.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, in described sound-source signal microprocessor: the voice signal amplification module comprises integrated computing signal amplifier, gain adjustment potentiometer and signal lamp; Analyze latch module and mainly comprise voltage comparator, trigger and single-chip microcomputer, its circuit constitutes as shown in Figure 5; The communications module is a serial communication equipment.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, the running program flow process of analyzing latch module in the described sound-source signal microprocessor is as follows:
The first step after powering on, is carried out initialization to each data in storer in the single-chip microcomputer and the register, changes for second step after initialization is finished;
Second step started the programmable counter of single-chip microcomputer, and cpu clock frequency is set is 2.7648MHz, the 3rd step of commentaries on classics finishing after;
In the 3rd step, whether loop cycle querying triggering device has level to change, if trigger level no change return period cyclic query then, when the trigger level changes, the time that recording level changes also stores, and that is to say the corresponding numerical value of programmable counter, changes for the 4th step after finishing;
The 4th step stopped programmable counter and stored data, changeed for the 5th step after finishing;
The 5th step by serial communication equipment, sent to master system with the data in the single-chip microcomputer storer, simultaneously trigger and single-chip microcomputer was resetted, and changed for second step after finishing over to.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, described voltage comparator is an integrated operational amplifier, described single-chip microcomputer is 8 single-chip microcomputers.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, described signal lamp is a light emitting diode.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, described gain are adjusted total resistance of potentiometer between 10k to 100k.
Above-mentioned a kind of auditory localization device, main frame, display, keyboard and mouse that related microphone, integrated computing signal amplifier, gain are adjusted in all components and parts, serial communication equipment and the master system that marks among potentiometer, Fig. 5 all are the known devices that are purchased, method of attachment between all modules and the components and parts is that those skilled in the art all can grasp, described omni-directional Electret Condencer Microphone is a kind of microphone of fixed type, can buy on the market, it is common potentiometer that potentiometer is adjusted in described gain, and total resistance is all available between 10k to 100k.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
The outstanding substantive distinguishing features of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model is:
(1) characteristics of the signals collecting of hearing transducer
Because the auditory localization algorithm depends on the quantity and the topological structure of hearing transducer to a great extent, this practicality is newType has designed the microphone array of being made up of four microphones, and they have formed the microphone array of positive tetrahedron structure jointly.With respect to traditional planar array, the resolution that this spheric array is listed in the three dimensions is higher.In order to reduce the interference of voice signal reverberation, and because the Acquisition Error that acoustic wave diffraction and refraction bring, guarantee does not have blocking of barrier around the microphone as far as possible, so the omni-directional Electret Condencer Microphone is selected in the utility model design for use, and when the design microphone array, guarantee that as far as possible it is simple in structure.
(2) characteristics of the Signal Pretreatment of voice signal amplification module in the sound-source signal microprocessor
Only it is far from being enough relying on the pickup ability of Electret Condencer Microphone.The output voltage of this microphone mostly zero to tens millivolts between, so faint electric signal can't satisfy the requirement of later stage signal Processing work.Therefore, be necessary the signal that microphone collects is amplified.The utility model adopts the more stable integrated operational amplifier of performance that acquired signal is carried out the secondary amplification.Yet, even select the circuit component of same model for use, also differing after being welded as finished product has identical amplification characteristic surely, so, the utility model has added gain and has adjusted potentiometer, so that reduce the errors that produce owing to the ardware feature difference when debug in the later stage.In addition, for the collection situation of real-time monitored signal, also use light emitting diode and make the output signal pilot lamp, the power of indicator signal changes.
In addition, consider the robustness and the real-time of auditory localization system, the utility model as voltage comparator (its circuit connecting such as Fig. 5), makes the auditory localization system have certain anti-noise ability with integrated operational amplifier.And the reference voltage of this voltage comparator is to regulate with the size of ground unrest.Input signal such as Fig. 8 that this voltage comparator receives; The output signal of this voltage comparator as shown in Figure 9.The amplified analog signal of the input that Fig. 8 display voltage comparer is received, this is a random signal, promptly comprises the mixed signal of echo signal and ground unrest; Fig. 9 shows that the output signal of this voltage comparator then is continuous square-wave signal.In a sense, voltage comparator is that acoustoelectric signal has been carried out shaping, makes greater than the signal of ground unrest to export with the form of square wave.
(3) characteristics of the pull-in time point of analysis latch module in the sound-source signal microprocessor
In order to make all time points of arriving of captured target sound accurately of each microphone in the array, the single-chip microcomputer of Cai Yonging is 8 single-chip microcomputers here, promptly is 8 sound-source signal microprocessors, cooperates trigger to carry out the time point of captured target sound arrival again.The specific implementation method as shown in Figure 5, at first start the programmable counter in the single-chip microcomputer, and cpu clock frequency is set is 2.7648MHz, sound-source signal is after the over-voltage comparator shaping, produce continuous square-wave pulse, when first pulse arrives trigger, trigger changes and the maintenance level, the time that the single-chip microcomputer recording level changes, be the corresponding numerical value of programmable counter, and storage, the output terminal light emitting diode changes immediately, and indication sound-source signal starting point is latched, after the sound-source signal of waiting for No. 4 microphones subsequently arrives in succession, to utilize the communications module again be serial communication equipment sends to master system with the time point of 4 storages, meanwhile, trigger level and single-chip microcomputer is resetted.
(4) the method for calculating and locating characteristics in the master system
Master system has the function of method for calculating and locating.Adopt the computing method based on the sodar mistiming like this, obtained the accurate azimuth information of target sound source, and show output by the display of master system.
The obvious improvement of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model is:
Compared with prior art, a kind of auditory localization device of the present utility model, the microphone array that adopts quaternary positive tetrahedron structure is as sense of hearing sensory perceptual system, analyzing and processing through the sound-source signal microprocessor, application is based on the method for calculating and locating of sodar mistiming, can be in containing the actual environment of ground unrest, be implemented in the three dimensions accurate location to the optional position sound source, make up omnibearing " auditory scene " thus, it is simple in structure, precision is higher and have anti-noise ability.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.
Fig. 1 is the formation schematic block diagram of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is the microphone array structural drawing of the hearing transducer in the utility model.
Fig. 3 is the formation schematic block diagram of the sound-source signal microprocessor in the utility model.
Fig. 4 is the formation and the course of work schematic block diagram of the voice signal amplification module of the sound-source signal microprocessor in the utility model.
Fig. 5 is the formation and the circuit diagram of the analysis latch module of the sound-source signal microprocessor in the utility model.
Fig. 6 is the formation synoptic diagram of the upper system in the utility model.
Fig. 7 is the running program process flow diagram of the sound-source signal microprocessor in the utility model.
Fig. 8 is the input signal of voltage comparator of the analysis latch module of the sound-source signal microprocessor in the utility model.
Fig. 9 is the output signal of voltage comparator of the analysis latch module of the sound-source signal microprocessor in the utility model.
Figure 10 is the structure coordinate figure of positive tetrahedron array.
Among the figure, 1. hearing transducer, 2. sound-source signal microprocessor, 3. master system, 4. microphone, 5. voice signal amplification module, 6. analysis latch module, 7. communications module, 8. integrated computing signal amplifier, 9. potentiometer is adjusted in gain, 10. signal lamp, 11. voltage comparators, 12. trigger, 13. single-chip microcomputers, 14. main frames, 15. display, 16. keyboards, 17. mouses.
Embodiment
A kind of auditory localization device of the utility model that shows embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 is made of hearing transducer 1, sound-source signal microprocessor 2 and master system 3 three parts.At first, the voice signal that sends by hearing transducer 1 perception and multi pass acquisition target sound source, then by after the processing of the sound-source signal of multi pass acquisition through sound-source signal microprocessor 2, obtain the temporal information of voice signal starting point separately, export at last by the positional information of obtaining sound source in the master system 3 based on the computing method of sodar mistiming, and by the display of master system.Hardware components between hardware components between hearing transducer 1 and the sound-source signal microprocessor 2, sound-source signal microprocessor 2 and the master system 3 all interconnects with lead.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 2ly show that the hearing transducer 1 of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model is the microphone array of quaternary positive tetrahedron structure, four independence and the identical microphone 4 of characteristic lay respectively at four summits of this positive tetrahedron structure.Microphone 4 is selected the omni-directional Electret Condencer Microphone for use, particularly preferred post pole formula microphone.This quaternary positive tetrahedron structure is the positive tetrahedron framework made from hard material, and its size is that the tetrahedral length of side is 24.14cm.
The sound-source signal microprocessor 2 of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model that shows embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 is made of voice signal amplification module 5, analysis latch module 6 and communications module 7.Hardware components between voice signal amplification module 5 and the analysis latch module 6, the hardware components of analyzing between latch module 6 and the communications module 7 all interconnect with lead.
Four road voice signals that collected by hearing transducer 1 are very faint, can not directly analyze and handle, these faint electric signal will amplify through voice signal amplification module 5 simultaneously, 6 pairs of acoustoelectric signals of latch module carry out shaping by analysis again, make greater than the signal of ground unrest and export with the form of square wave, and finish seizure, finally send the temporal information of the resulting starting point of voice signal separately to master system 3 by communications module 7 to some sound-source signal time of arrival.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 4ly show that the voice signal amplification module 5 of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model is by integrated computing signal amplifier 8, potentiometer 9 is adjusted in gain and signal lamp 10 constitutes, its course of work is: by 8 pairs of acquired signal from hearing transducer 1 of integrated computing signal amplifier, be that the microphone array input signal carries out the secondary amplification, and adjust potentiometer 9 with gain and regulate secondary amplifying signal amplitude, so that reduce when debugging owing to the different errors that produce of ardware feature in the later stage, signal lamp 10 is used for the collection situation of real-time monitored signal, at last to analyzing latch module 6 output signals.Gain is adjusted potentiometer 9 and is selected the common potentiometer of total resistance between 10k to 100k for use, and output signal pilot lamp 10 preferred light emitting diodes are made.
Formation and the circuit that shows the analysis latch module 6 of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model embodiment illustrated in fig. 5. among Fig. 5, electric signal after voltage comparator 11 will amplify compares with the level of representing ground unrest simultaneously, the reference voltage of voltage comparator 11 is to regulate with the size of ground unrest, 11 pairs of acoustoelectric signals of voltage comparator have carried out shaping, make greater than the signal of ground unrest to export with the form of square wave.Start the programmable counter of single-chip microcomputer 13, and cpu clock frequency is set is 2.7648MHz.When first pulse arrived trigger 12, trigger 12 changed and the maintenance level, the time that single-chip microcomputer 13 recording levels change, be the corresponding numerical value of programmable counter, and storage, the output terminal light emitting diode changes immediately, and indication sound-source signal starting point is latched.After the sound-source signal of waiting for No. 4 microphones arrived in succession, to utilize communications module 7 again be serial communication equipment sent to master system 3 with the time point of 4 storages, meanwhile trigger 12 and single-chip microcomputer 13 is resetted.The formation of this analysis latch module 6 shown in Figure 5 comprises voltage comparator 11, trigger 12, single-chip microcomputer 13, potentiometer, resistance R, resistance R
1, light emitting diode, power supply 1, power supply 2 and power supply 3.Voltage comparator 11 is integrated operational amplifiers, and single-chip microcomputer 13 is 8 single-chip microcomputers, promptly is 8 sound-source signal microprocessors.
The master system of a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model that shows embodiment illustrated in fig. 6 is made of main frame, display, keyboard and mouse.
The running program flow process of the analysis latch module 6 of the sound-source signal microprocessor 2 that shows a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model embodiment illustrated in fig. 7 is as follows:
The first step after powering on, is carried out initialization to each data in storer in the single-chip microcomputer 13 and the register, changes for second step after initialization is finished;
Second step started the programmable counter of single-chip microcomputer 13, and cpu clock frequency is set is 2.7648MHz, the 3rd step of commentaries on classics finishing after;
In the 3rd step, whether loop cycle querying triggering device 12 has level to change, if trigger 12 level no changes return period cyclic query then, when trigger 12 level change, the time that recording level changes also stores, and that is to say the corresponding numerical value of programmable counter, changes for the 4th step after finishing;
The 4th step stopped programmable counter and stored data, changeed for the 5th step after finishing;
The 5th step promptly was a communications module 7 by serial communication equipment, and the data in the storer of single-chip microcomputer 13 are sent to master system 3, simultaneously trigger 12 and single-chip microcomputer 13 was resetted, and changed for second step after finishing over to.
The input signal that voltage comparator 11 in the analysis latch module 6 that shows a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 is received, this input signal amplified analog signal is a random signal, comprises the mixed signal of echo signal and ground unrest.
The output signal of the voltage comparator 11 in the analysis latch module 6 that shows a kind of auditory localization device of the utility model embodiment illustrated in fig. 9, this output signal is continuous square-wave signal.
Method for calculating and locating in a kind of master system 3 of auditory localization device is as follows:
In the structure of as shown in figure 10 positive tetrahedron array, four summit S of positive tetrahedron
1, S
2, S
3And S
4Be respectively four microphones, O both had been the initial point of cartesian coordinate system, also be the center of positive tetrahedron bottom surface simultaneously, establishing Q is impact point, and coordinate is Q (x, y, z), true origin is a r rice to the distance of impact point OQ, and OQ is projected as OQ ' XOY plane, definition OQ ' is α with the angle of X-axis, and the angle of OQ and Z axle is β;
Suppose S
1Distance to true origin O is an a rice, and then the coordinate of four microphones is respectively:
S
1=(a, 0,0),
With
If represent the velocity of sound with c, the distance of establishing Q to four microphone is respectively r
1Rice, r
2Rice, r
3Rice, r
4Rice, then the target sound signal arrives S
4With the difference of the distance that arrives other microphone be:
d
4i＝r
4-r
i＝c·t
4i (i＝1、2、3)
According to the topological structure of microphone array, can get following system of equations:
Consider in the practical application that sound source should be greater than 1 meter apart from r to microphone array, and the spacing d of each microphone is 22～24 centimetres, when the distance of sound source and microphone array during greater than the spacing between the microphone, promptly
Adopt the derivation principle of existing various planes of far field model approximation and comprehensive reference and solid array, the position angle formula that finally draws sound source is:
Claims (9)
1. auditory localization device, it is characterized in that: be three dimensions acoustic target locating device, constitute by hearing transducer, sound-source signal microprocessor and master system three parts, wherein, described hearing transducer is the microphone array of quaternary positive tetrahedron structure, and four microphones lay respectively at four summits of this positive tetrahedron structure; Described sound-source signal microprocessor is made of voice signal amplification module, analysis latch module and communications module; Described master system is made of main frame, display, keyboard and mouse; Hardware components between hardware components between hardware components between hearing transducer and the sound-source signal microprocessor, sound-source signal microprocessor and the master system, voice signal amplification module and the analysis latch module, the hardware components of analyzing between latch module and the communications module all interconnect with lead.
2. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described quaternary positive tetrahedron structure is the positive tetrahedron framework made from hard material, and its size is that the tetrahedral length of side is 24.14cm.
3. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: used microphone is the omni-directional Electret Condencer Microphone in the microphone array of described quaternary positive tetrahedron structure.
4. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: used omni-directional Electret Condencer Microphone is a post pole formula microphone.
5. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described sound-source signal microprocessor, the voice signal amplification module comprises integrated computing signal amplifier, gain adjustment potentiometer and signal lamp; Analyze latch module and mainly comprise voltage comparator, trigger and single-chip microcomputer; The communications module is a serial communication equipment.
6. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described voltage comparator is an integrated operational amplifier.
7. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer is 8 single-chip microcomputers.
8. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described signal lamp is a light emitting diode.
9. according to the described a kind of auditory localization device of claim 5, it is characterized in that: described gain is adjusted total resistance of potentiometer between 10k to 100k.
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| CN2010202153140U CN201765319U (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Sound source positioning device |
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| CN2010202153140U CN201765319U (en) | 2010-06-04 | 2010-06-04 | Sound source positioning device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9788109B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2017-10-10 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Microphone placement for sound source direction estimation |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9788109B2 (en) | 2015-09-09 | 2017-10-10 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Microphone placement for sound source direction estimation |
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Granted publication date: 20110316 Termination date: 20130604 |