CN201747515U - Motor-switching variable-torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an oil distributing mechanism, aiming to provide a switch motor variable torque oil distributing mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge. The oil distribution mechanism includes a torque output mechanism, a quantitative swash plate, a plunger cylinder, a plunger and a plunger cavity, and also includes an oil distribution valve group, an oil distribution plate group and a switch variable torque drive mechanism. The beneficial effect of the utility model is that by adjusting the duty ratio of the plunger displacement in the opening time period of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve in real time in the entire plunger oil suction stroke, the average torque proportional to the duty ratio is output, and the switch is realized. Torque control finally directly changes the output torque of the hydraulic motor; it also has the advantages of energy saving, an order of magnitude improvement in response speed, avoiding the zero-crossing problem, and only changing the driving direction of the pilot valve for forward and reverse switching.

Description

Switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge

technical field

The utility model relates to an oil distribution mechanism, in particular to a switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge.

Background technique

The plunger hydraulic motor relies on the pressure oil to act on the plunger so that the output shaft of the motor can move to a certain torque. In order to make the plunger communicate with the pressure oil port and the oil return port alternately, a flow distribution device must be used. At present, the plunger hydraulic Most motors use end-face flow distribution, and the main device used in end-face flow distribution is the oil distribution plate. The oil distribution plate is similar to a plate valve. A plane with two arc-shaped ("waist") windows is attached to the end face of the cylinder block with a flow distribution hole, so that the cylinder block and the oil distribution plate are on the surface perpendicular to the motor shaft. Relatively rotating, the relative positions of the window on the oil distribution plate and the opening on the end face of the cylinder body are arranged according to a certain rule, so that the plunger in the oil supply or oil discharge stroke can alternately communicate with the oil supply and oil discharge ports on the motor body , and ensure the isolation and sealing between the oil chambers. Since the opening angle and position of the two arc windows on the oil distribution plate cannot be changed in real time, the hydraulic motor cannot realize variable (continuous adjustment of output torque and displacement) through the oil distribution mechanism. So far, the existing variable hydraulic motors on the market can only realize the variable by adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate on the other side of the hydraulic motor in real time. However, there are two weaknesses in this traditional variable way of adjusting the inclination angle of the swash plate:

1. The hydraulic pressure generated by each plunger in the hydraulic motor, while driving the hydraulic motor to rotate, the force acting on the swash plate will also generate a torque in the same direction as the control direction of the swash plate tilt angle, and the torque will follow the hydraulic pressure. The rotation angle of the motor changes. Although there are multiple plungers, they still cannot completely cancel each other out internally. This part of the fluctuating torque is finally added to the variable mechanism that controls the inclination angle of the swash plate. In order to overcome the fluctuating torque, the variable mechanism needs to have a rather large area to drive, which severely limits the response speed of the hydraulic motor.

2. The critical point for the hydraulic motor to switch to the pump mode is the point where the displacement is zero. Therefore, in order to switch to the pump working condition to recover the energy in the process of deceleration and braking, the displacement adjustment mechanism of the hydraulic motor must cross the zero point. Stablize.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

The utility model provides a switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge, which includes a torque output mechanism, a quantitative swash plate, a plunger cylinder, a plunger and a plunger chamber, and also includes an oil distribution valve group, an oil distribution Disk group and switch variable torque drive mechanism;

The oil distribution valve group is composed of a high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply valve, a high-speed switching oil discharge-fill valve, a high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, an oil discharge-fill pilot valve and a common oil distribution valve with the same number as the plunger Each plunger and its corresponding plunger cavity correspond to a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve and the corresponding high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, a high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve and the corresponding high-speed oil supply valve On-off oil drain-fill oil pilot valve; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve includes a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve core, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring cavity, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve Oil supply valve axial oil port, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve circumferential oil port and a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console stage, each high-speed switch drain-fill valve includes a high-speed switch drain - Charge spool, a high-speed switch drain-fill valve spring, a high-speed switch drain-fill valve spring cavity, a high-speed switch drain-fill valve axial port, a high-speed switch drain-fill The circumferential oil port of the oil valve and a high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot valve oil discharge-oil supply console stage; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is close to the shell side end face and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure supply Between the oil control steps, there is a cavity between the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply control steps and the end surface near the center side, and between the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenish pilot valve end surface near the housing side and the high-speed Between the stage of the switch drain-fill pilot valve oil drain-fill control console, between the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drain-fill console step and the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve near the center side end face Each has a cavity; each plunger corresponds to a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve and a high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve are arranged side by side, and a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve axial oil port and a high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve The axial oil ports are connected with the corresponding plunger cavity; the circumferential oil ports of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve pass through the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step and are close to the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve The cavity between the end faces of the center side communicates with the high-pressure oil passage of the oil distribution plate; the circumferential oil port of each high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve passes through the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment The cavity between the oil console step and the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve near the center side is connected with the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring cavity is connected to the corresponding high-speed switch high-pressure The oil supply pilot valve is connected to the high-pressure oil supply console step, and the spring cavity of each high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment valve is connected to the corresponding high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console stage; each high-speed switch high-pressure The two end faces of the oil supply pilot valve and the high-speed switch oil discharge-fill oil pilot valve (the end face near the shell side and the end face near the center side) are connected to the leakage oil port, and each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is controlled by high-pressure oil supply The cavity between the step and the end face of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center is connected with the high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate; each high-speed switch drains oil-replenishes the pilot valve oil drains-fuels the control stage and the high-speed switch Drain-fill oil The cavity between the end face of the pilot valve close to the center is connected with the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate; the end face of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the housing side is between the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure common oil supply console step The cavities between them are connected with the corresponding plunger cavity of the corresponding high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve. -The cavities between the steps of the oil charge console are connected to the corresponding plunger chambers of the corresponding high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valves; all the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves are located on the same section, and all the high-speed switch oil drain-fill The oil pilot valve is located on the same section.

The oil distribution plate set is fixed on the end surface of the oil distribution valve body on the other side of the plunger with screws, and there are high-pressure oil flow channels and oil return flow channels inside the oil distribution plate set; The high-pressure oil channel of the oil pan communicates with the cavities between the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves on the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves, the high-pressure oil supply console steps and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves near the center side, The high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate is connected with the high-pressure oil port on the shell; the annular oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate outside the high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate in the center of the oil distribution plate group is connected with all the high-speed switches described above. The high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve on the oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve is connected to the cavity between the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve near the center side end face, and the ring valve on the oil distribution plate group The oil return channel of the oil pan is connected with the oil return port on the casing; the leakage oil flow channel is shared with the leakage oil flow channel on the pump body and communicated with the leakage oil port on the casing; Between the high-pressure oil channel of the oil pan and the oil return channel of the annular oil distribution plate on the outer side, and between the oil return channel of the annular oil distribution plate and the leakage oil channel near the shell side, high-pressure rotary support components and low-pressure rotary support components are used respectively. The assembly provides rotational support, and the relative rotation between the oil distribution plate group and the rear end cover.

As an improvement, the switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge, its switch variable torque drive mechanism is divided into a high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism and an oil discharge-replenishment drive mechanism, wherein the high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism consists of a High-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing and two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control valve body, two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive Bearing control spring, two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressing plate and two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring chamber corresponding to the spring. The oil discharge-oil supply drive mechanism consists of a high-speed Oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing of switch and two high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control valve body, two high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, two high-speed switch rows Oil-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring, two high-speed switches oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure plate and two high-speed switches oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring chamber corresponding to the spring ; The two control plungers of the high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism are perpendicular to the axis of the drive bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, collinear with the straight line where the bearing moves, tangent to the outer ring of the bearing, and distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction. The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger is not in contact with the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing. The end face is installed with the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing. The other end face of the control spring is provided with a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressing piece, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring, a high-speed switch high-pressure supply valve The oil pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure pieces are all located in the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control control valve body, and the internal high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring chamber is connected with the external control oil circuit, and the high-speed switch The high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control control valve body is coaxial with the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control control plunger, installed on the control drive shell, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing inner ring and its high-speed drive On-off high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is in contact with the end face of the housing side and provides rotational support; two high-speed on-off oil drain-fill pilot valves of the high-speed switch oil discharge-fill drive mechanism drive the bearing control plunger and high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot The axis of the valve driving bearing is vertical, collinear with the straight line where the direction of motion of the bearing is, and tangent to the outer ring of the bearing, evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. - The end face of the oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing outer ring is not in contact with the high-speed oil discharge switch - the oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring, the high speed switch oil discharge - oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing The other end of the bearing control spring is equipped with a high-speed oil discharge switch - Oil supplement pilot valve drive bearings control spring pressure piece, high-speed switch oil discharge - Oil supplement pilot valve drive bearings The control plunger, the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control spring, the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece are all located in the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control control valve body , the inner spring cavity is connected with the external control oil circuit, the control valve body is coaxial with the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, installed on the control drive shell, the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot The inner ring of the valve drive bearing is in contact with the high-speed switch oil discharge-fill pilot valve close to the end face of the shell side and provides rotational support; the drive bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve only controls the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, and the high-speed switch high-pressure The oil supply pilot valve only controls the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing only controls the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve, the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve only controls the high-speed switch discharge The oil-supplement valve realizes the independent adjustment of the oil suction and discharge of the oil distribution mechanism.

As an improvement, the oil distribution plate group is composed of an oil distribution plate, a high-pressure rotary support assembly, a low-pressure rotary support assembly and a rear end cover, and is compatible with the traditional distribution system in which the oil suction and discharge waist-shaped holes are symmetrically distributed around the oil suction and discharge interface. The oil pan is different. Inside the oil distribution pan, there are oil distribution pan high-pressure oil passages and oil distribution pan return oil passages. The central cylindrical flow passage serves as the oil distribution pan high-pressure oil passage. The oil distribution channel is used as the oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate, and the outer wall of the oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate is the leakage oil chamber; the side of the central circular area on the mating end surface of the oil distribution plate and the pilot valve body is connected with the high pressure oil flow channel of the pilot valve body, The other end is directly connected to the high-pressure oil channel of the oil distribution plate, one side of the annular area outside the circular area is connected to the oil return channel of the pilot valve body, and the other end is connected to the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate through four uniformly distributed waist-shaped holes. The flow channel is connected; the high-pressure rotary support assembly provides the seal between the high-pressure flow channel of the oil distribution plate and the oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate, and the low-pressure rotary support assembly provides the seal between the oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate and the leakage oil flow channel. The high pressure swivel support assembly and the low pressure swivel support assembly together provide swivel support between the oil distribution pan and the rear end cover.

As an improvement, the projection of the axis of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve on the plane where the high-speed switch valve is located and the projection of the axis of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve on the plane where the high-speed switch valve is located take the oil suction and discharge boundary line as the axis symmetry.

As an improvement, the central axis of the inner wall of the driving bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is parallel to the central axis of the plunger cylinder, and there is a fixed angle along the direction with an angle of less than 10° with the oil suction and discharge boundary line. Offset, the driving bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve can and can only move left and right in the vertical direction of the direction; Parallel, and there is a fixed offset along the direction with an included angle of less than 10° with the oil suction and discharge boundary line. This direction is related to the projection of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing fixed offset direction on the plane where the high-speed switch valve is located. The interface is symmetrical, and the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drive bearing can and can only move left and right in the vertical direction of this direction.

As an improvement, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is close to the end face of the center side, and its diameter is slightly smaller than the diameter of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step. A radial pressure is provided so that all high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves can be pressed on the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearings. The high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve is close to the end face of the center side, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment console step, and this area is poor for the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment The pilot valve provides a radial pressure so that all the high-speed switch oil discharge-charge pilot valves can be pressed on the high-speed switch oil discharge-charge pilot valve driving bearing.

As an improvement, the oil distribution valve body is divided into three pieces in the axial direction: the oil distribution valve body in the plunger cavity, the main valve body, and the pilot valve body; the oil distribution valve body in the plunger cavity, the main valve body, and the pilot valve body The body is rigidly connected to the plunger cylinder through pins, and the oil distribution valve body and the oil distribution plate group are connected together by screws; the plunger chamber oil distribution valve body and the main valve body, the main valve body and the pilot valve body, and the pilot valve body Sealing rings are provided on the outer edges of all oil ports between the oil distribution plate group, the plunger chamber oil distribution valve body and the plunger cylinder.

As an improvement, the width of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step and the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment console step are both the same as the corresponding undercut grooves on the pilot valve body. The uniform width allows the pilot valve to respond quickly to changes in plunger position.

As an improvement, when the displacement of the driving bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve drive bearing is zero, the spring chamber of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve will Except for the isolated point, the other positions are connected with the high-pressure oil passage in the center of the oil distribution plate group, so that the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve remains closed, and the spring chamber of the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve is isolated except at the transition point of oil suction-oil discharge In addition, the other positions are all connected with the plunger cavity, so that the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve remains open, so that the motor can replenish oil from the oil distribution plate return flow channel of the oil distribution plate group.

As an improvement, when the displacement of the driving bearing of the high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is zero, the initial displacement of the high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is negative. Fixed offset between axes; high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply control console step will high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring chamber, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve close to the side end face of the shell and high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve The cavity between the steps of the high-pressure oil supply console, the cavity between the steps of the high-pressure oil supply pilot valve of the high-speed switch and the high-pressure oil supply pilot valve of the high-speed switch are separated from each other; - Oil charge pilot valve control bearing displacement is zero, high-speed switch oil discharge - Oil charge pilot valve initial displacement is twice the high-speed switch oil discharge - Oil charge pilot valve drive bearing and fixed between the center axis of the plunger cylinder Bias; the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console step connects the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment valve spring chamber with the plunger chamber, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve port opening Fixed offset between drain-charge pilot valve drive bearing and plunger cylinder center axis for double high speed switch.

In the utility model, the switch variable torque method of the hydraulic pilot switch variable torque oil distribution assembly used for independent adjustment of plunger hydraulic motor suction and oil discharge:

First, define the initial position and positive direction as follows:

1. On the boundary line of suction, suction and discharge, the plunger is at the deepest point of the plunger barrel as the starting point, and the starting angle is 0°;

2. Facing the output shaft, take left-handed as positive and right-handed as negative;

3. All pilot valve drive bearings are positive when they are to the right, and negative when they are to the left;

4. The upward movement of all pilot spools is positive, and the downward movement is negative;

5. The intermediate value of displacement of all pilot valves is defined as the 0 position of the spool;

6. The coordinate axis is the output axis of the front view, the positive direction of the X-axis is horizontally to the right, and the positive direction of the Y-axis is vertically upward;

7. Taking the center of the plunger cylinder as the origin, the driving bearing is positive when it is moving to the right and upward, and negative when it is moving to the left and downward;

The switch variable torque method comprises the following steps:

(1) According to the requirements of the output torque, adjust the driving bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot valve drive bearing to change the switching time duty ratio of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve ;

(2) Control the opening time of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve so that the plunger chamber located in the oil-absorbing area can absorb oil from the high-pressure oil port and push the corresponding plunger to do work only when the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is opened; When the high-speed switch oil supply valve is closed, the plunger cavity in the zone directly sucks oil from the oil return port through the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve connected to the oil return port, and replenishes the cavity generated by the plunger movement, but will not Push the plunger to do work; at the same time, the plunger chamber located in the oil discharge area can directly discharge to the return port through the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve connected to the oil return port only when the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is closed. The oil port does not hinder the movement of the plunger; the plunger chamber located in the oil discharge area discharges oil to the high-pressure oil port through the high-pressure oil supply valve when the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is closed, and works in the pump mode to achieve deceleration and braking, and convert the braking energy back into pressure energy; ensure that the average output torque is proportional to the duty ratio of the displacement of the plunger in the entire plunger oil suction stroke during the opening period of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve;

(3) Through the real-time adjustment of the duty ratio of the displacement of the plunger during the opening period of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve in the entire plunger suction and oil discharge stroke, the average torque proportional to the duty ratio is output to realize variable torque control; the relationship between the duty cycle and the average torque is:

T＝[D ₁ -(1-D ₂ )]*(D _m ×P× _ηmachine × _ηvalve )

The relationship between the displacement y of the drive bearing and the plunger displacement duty cycle is:

D ₁ ＝d _{on 1} /2d _max ＝{1-sin[2atan(|X _P /Y _P |)]}/4

D ₂ ＝d _{on 2} /2d _max ＝{1-sin[2atan(|X _T /Y _T |)]}/4

Among them: D ₁ is the duty ratio of the displacement of the plunger in the whole plunger suction and discharge stroke when the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is opened for oil suction during the oil suction stroke, D ₂ is the high-speed switch discharge of the plunger in the oil discharge stroke The displacement of the oil-supplement valve when it is opened to discharge oil is the empty ratio in the entire plunger suction and oil discharge stroke, _dopen1 is the displacement of the plunger during the opening period of the high-speed switch high-pressure fuel supply valve during the plunger suction stroke, d _{Open 2} is the displacement of the plunger during the opening period of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve during the oil discharge stroke of the plunger, d _max is the one-way stroke of oil suction and discharge of the plunger, T is the average torque to be output, and D _m is the displacement of the hydraulic motor P is the pressure of the high-pressure oil port, η _machine is the mechanical efficiency of the hydraulic motor, η _valve is the efficiency of the oil distribution valve group, Y _P is the inner wall center of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing and the center of the plunger cylinder The fixed offset displacement between the axes, X _P is the displacement amplitude of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, that is, the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing, Y _T is the high-speed switch oil discharge-fill oil pilot valve drive bearing The fixed offset displacement between the center of the inner wall and the central axis of the plunger cylinder, X _T is the displacement amplitude of the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve, that is, the displacement of the drive bearing of the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve;

(4) In the motor working condition, for the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing, when the hydraulic motor rotates forward, X _P <0, and when the hydraulic motor reverses, then X _P >0; For oil pilot valve drive bearings, when the hydraulic motor is rotating forward, X _T ＝+Max, when the hydraulic motor is reverse, then X _T ＝-Max; when it is in the pump working condition, for the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearings, the hydraulic pump When forward and reverse, X _P = 0; for the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve drive bearing, when the hydraulic pump is forward, X _T > 0, when the hydraulic pump is reverse, then X _T <0; Y _P >0 , Y _T <0 is a fixed bias.

Through the above structure and control method, when the motor is running forward, X _P <0, X _T ＝+Max, each plunger has gone through 6 states (4 main states and 2 transition states ):

(1) State A: High-pressure driving state: the displacement of the high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is smaller than the negative high- _speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve. The displacement of the switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve is greater than the fixed offset (Y _T ) between the drive bearing of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve and the center axis of the plunger cylinder, and the plunger advances; Under the action of the pilot valve, when the plunger cavity communicates with the spring cavity of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve opens under the pressure of the high-pressure oil port, so the pressure in the plunger cavity is close to but slightly lower than that of the high-pressure oil supply valve. At the same time, the plunger chamber communicates with the spring chamber of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is kept closed under the pressure of the plunger chamber;

(2) State B, C: idle stroke state: where B is the transition state, and C is the fuel supply state; the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is greater than the negative high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing and the center of the plunger cylinder The fixed offset between the axes, the displacement of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve is greater than the fixed offset between the driving bearing of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve and the central axis of the plunger cylinder, and the plunger advances; Under the action of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, the high-pressure oil port communicates with the spring cavity of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve closes quickly under the pressure of the high-pressure oil port, and the plunger continues to move forward to cause the plunger cavity As the volume increases, the pressure quickly drops below the back pressure of the oil return port, and the plunger chamber communicates with the spring chamber of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve at the same time, and the pressure in the plunger chamber of the oil discharge-replenishment valve drops to the oil return port Open after the back pressure is below, and the process of opening the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is transition state B; after the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is opened, the process of the plunger replenishing oil from the oil return port until reaching the oil suction and discharge interface is the replenishment Oil state C;

(3) State D: Normal oil return state: the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is greater than the negative fixed offset between the drive bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and the central axis of the plunger cylinder, and the high-speed switch discharges oil- The displacement of the oil supplement pilot valve is greater than the fixed offset between the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing and the central axis of the plunger cylinder, and the plunger retreats; under the action of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, the high-speed switch The spring chamber of the high-pressure oil supply valve is connected with the high-pressure oil port, and the high-pressure oil supply valve remains closed; the oil return port with back pressure communicates with the spring chamber of the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve, because when the plunger discharges oil, the pressure in the plunger chamber It is close to and slightly higher than the pressure of the oil return port with back pressure, so the high-speed switch drain-fill valve remains open under the pressure of the plunger cavity for normal oil return;

(4) State E, F: pump output state: where E is the transition state, F is the pump output state; the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is greater than the negative high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing and the center of the plunger cylinder The fixed offset between the axes, the displacement of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve is smaller than the fixed offset between the driving bearing of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve and the central axis of the plunger cylinder, and the plunger retreats; Under the action of the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve, the plunger cavity communicates with the spring cavity of the high-speed switch drain-fill valve, and the high-speed switch drain-fill valve closes under the pressure of the plunger cavity, and the plunger continues to The retreat causes the volume of the plunger chamber to decrease, and the pressure rises rapidly to exceed the pressure of the high-pressure oil port. The high-pressure oil port communicates with the spring chamber of the high-pressure oil supply valve at the same time, and the pressure in the plunger chamber of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve rises to the pressure of the high-pressure oil port. Open after the pressure is above; the state E is the transition state of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve opening process, and the state F is the plunger discharges oil to the high-pressure oil port until the plunger turns to the oil-discharging interface.

The reverse rotation of the motor working condition and the forward and reverse rotation of the pump working condition also go through the same six states.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

(1) Variable torque control: the utility model outputs an average torque proportional to the duty ratio through the real-time adjustment of the duty cycle of the plunger displacement during the opening period of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve in the entire plunger oil suction stroke , realize the switch variable torque control, the switch variable torque control neither changes the displacement of the hydraulic motor, nor changes the oil supply pressure, but it directly changes the output torque of the hydraulic motor in the end;

(2) Energy saving: when the load torque is small, some of the plunger chambers located in the oil suction area no longer suck oil from the high-pressure oil port, but use the high-speed switch oil discharge-suction valve to suck oil from the oil return port, and there is no need to reduce the pressure Oil is wasted on the extra throttling control valve port, thus saving a lot of energy consumption;

(3) Pump working condition: when the plunger is in the oil suction stroke _, the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is opened when the oil is sucked. During the stroke, when the displacement of the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve is opened and the oil discharge is at the duty ratio of the entire plunger suction and oil discharge stroke and _D2 , the hydraulic motor enters the working condition of the pump smoothly, that is, the output and Torque in the opposite direction of rotation, while discharging high-pressure oil to the high-pressure oil port;

(4) The response speed is increased by an order of magnitude: the hydraulic force generated by each plunger in the traditional hydraulic motor drives the hydraulic motor to rotate, and the force acting on the swash plate also produces a force that is consistent with the control direction of the swash plate inclination angle. Torque, and the torque changes with the change of the hydraulic motor rotation angle. There are as many plungers as possible, but they still cannot completely cancel each other internally. This part of the fluctuating torque is finally added to the variable mechanism that controls the tilt angle of the swash plate. In order to overcome the fluctuating torque, the variable mechanism needs a relatively large area to drive, which seriously limits the response speed of the hydraulic motor; and the utility model liberates the variable driving mechanism from the huge unbalanced moment of the swash plate, and only needs to overcome The unbalanced force of each pilot valve on the variable torque drive bearing is reduced by an order of magnitude, thereby increasing the variable response speed of the hydraulic motor by an order of magnitude;

(5) The zero-crossing problem is avoided: the critical point for the traditional hydraulic motor to switch to the pump working condition is the point where the displacement is zero. The adjustment mechanism must cross the zero point, not only the stroke of the variable mechanism is large, the response speed is slow, but also it is easy to cause instability near the zero point; and the utility model only needs to reduce the duty cycle D ₁ and D ₂ at the same time, and the hydraulic motor will It enters the working condition of the pump smoothly without going through the zero point of displacement, so there is no instability problem near the zero point.

(6) Forward and reverse switching only needs to change the driving direction of the pilot valve: when the pump/motor needs to switch the rotation direction, only need to control the pilot valve according to the description in (4) of the variable torque operation step to realize forward and reverse rotation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply valve and its pilot valve of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve and its pilot valve of the utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the oil distribution valve group, the high and low pressure rotating support assembly and the rear cover in the utility model.

Fig. 5 is the section where the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and its driving bearing are located in the utility model.

Fig. 6 is the cross-section where the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve and its driving bearing are located in the utility model.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation of each main valve of the oil distribution assembly and its variable torque driving bearing in the utility model.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of installation of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve core into the pilot valve body of the utility model.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of installation of the high-speed oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve core in the pilot valve body of the utility model.

Fig. 10 is a corresponding relationship diagram between each valve port step and hydraulic oil port on each pilot valve body in the utility model.

Fig. 11 is a diagram of the corresponding relationship between each valve port step and the hydraulic oil port on the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot spool of the utility model.

Fig. 12 is a diagram of the corresponding relationship between each valve port step and the hydraulic oil port on the top of the oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve core of the medium and high speed switch of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a control diagram of the action flow of each plunger position and its associated valves in the present invention.

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the position of each pilot valve and its drive bearing in state A in the utility model

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the position of each main valve and its pilot valve in state A of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the partial positions of the main valves and their pilot valves in state A of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the local positions of the main valves and their pilot valves in state B of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the local positions of each main valve and its pilot valve in state C of the present invention.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the partial positions of each main valve and its pilot valve in state D of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the local positions of each main valve and its pilot valve in state E of the present invention.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the partial positions of the main valves and their pilot valves in state F of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 plunger cylinder, 2 plunger chamber oil distribution valve body, 3 main valve body, 4 pilot valve body, 5 oil distribution plate, 6 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve driving bearing, 7 high-speed switch oil discharge- Oil supply pilot valve driving bearing, 8 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, 9 high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot valve, 10 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve sleeve, 11 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply spool, 12 high-speed switch high-pressure supply Oil valve spring, 13 high-speed switch drain-fill valve sleeve, 14 high-speed switch drain-fill valve core, 15 high-speed switch drain-fill valve spring, 16 center plunger chamber, 17 plunger chamber, 18 fitting High-pressure oil flow channel of oil pan, 19 return oil flow channel of oil distribution plate, 20 axial oil port of high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, 21 circumferential oil port of high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, 22 spring chamber of high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, 23 The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is close to the end face of the shell side, 24 The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is close to the cavity between the shell side end face and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, the high-pressure oil supply console step, 25 The high-speed switch high pressure Oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step, 26 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step and the cavity between the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center side end face, 27 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve close Center side end face, 28 high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve axial port, 29 high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve circumferential port, 30 high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve spring chamber, 31 high-speed switch oil discharge- The oil charge pilot valve is close to the end face of the shell side, the cavity between the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil charge pilot valve near the end face of the shell side and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil charge pilot valve oil discharge-oil charge console step, 33 high speed Switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console stage, 34 high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console stage and high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console stage Between the chamber near the end face of the center side, 35 high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve near the center side end face, 36 sealing ring, 37 high-speed switch between the end face of the high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the shell side and the high-pressure oil supply console step The passage between the cavity and the plunger cavity, the connection channel between the cavity and the plunger cavity between the 38 high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve close to the side end surface of the shell and the oil discharge-replenishment console step, the 39 high-speed switch high-pressure supply Oil pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step near the center side end face and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center side end face between the cavity and the oil distribution valve group high-pressure oil flow channel connection channel, 40 high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot The cavity between the end surface of the oil discharge-supplement control console near the center and the end surface of the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve near the center is connected to the high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution valve group, and the high-pressure oil supply pilot of the 41 high-speed switch High-pressure oil supply console step of valve and high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring chamber connection channel, 42 high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment console step and high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve spring chamber connection channel, 43 High-speed switch, high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, high-pressure oil supply console, end face near the center side and high-speed switch, high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, end face near the center side The cavity between the high-speed switch and the high-pressure oil supply valve is connected to the circumferential oil port, and the 44 high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment console step is close to the center side end face and the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve The cavity between the end faces near the center is connected to the circumferential oil port of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve, 45 control drive casing, 46 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control valve body, 47 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply Pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, 48 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring, 49 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure plate, 50 high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control valve Body, 51 high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, 52 high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring, 53 high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece, 54 high-pressure rotary support assembly, 55 low-pressure rotary support assembly, 56 rear end cover, 57 high-pressure oil port, 58 oil return port, 59 high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger spring chamber, 60 high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement The oil pilot valve drive bearing controls the plunger spring chamber.

Detailed ways

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the utility model will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

As shown in the drawings, the switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism provided in the specific embodiment with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge includes a torque output mechanism, a quantitative swash plate, a plunger cylinder 1, a plunger and a plunger chamber 17, and also includes Oil distribution valve group, oil distribution plate group and switch variable torque drive mechanism;

The oil distribution valve group is composed of a high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply valve, a high-speed switching oil drain-fill valve, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8, and a high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve 9 with the same number as the plunger. Composed of the common oil distribution main valve body 3, each plunger and its corresponding plunger chamber 17 correspond to a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve and the corresponding high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8, a high-speed switch oil discharge valve - oil supply valve and corresponding high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot valve 9; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve includes a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve sleeve 10, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve core 11, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve core 11, a High-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring 12, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve axial oil port 20 and a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve circumferential oil port 21, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring chamber 22, each high-speed switch The oil drain-fill valve includes a high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve sleeve 13, a high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve core 14, a high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve spring 15, and a high-speed switch oil drain- Charge valve axial port 28 and a high-speed switch drain-charge valve circumferential port 29 a high-speed switch drain-charge valve spring chamber 30; and each high-speed switch drain-charge valve includes its own The spool, spring, spring chamber, axial oil port, and circumferential oil port; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 has a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console stage 25, and each high-speed switch The oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 has a high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console step 33; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the end face 23 of the shell side and its high-speed switch high pressure There is a cavity 24 between the steps 25 of the high-pressure oil supply console of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve close to the side end surface of the housing and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console steps. There is a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve between the high-pressure oil supply console step 25 of the high-speed switch and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center side. The cavity 26 between the end faces has a high-speed switch between the end face 31 of each high-speed switch oil discharge-oil charge pilot valve near the housing side and its high-speed switch oil discharge-oil charge pilot valve oil discharge-oil charge console step 33 The cavity 32 between the switch drain-fill pilot valve close to the end face of the shell side and the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drain-fill control console, the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drain-fill There is a high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment console step and high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve between the oil control stage 33 and the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve near the center side end face 35 The cavity 34 between the end faces near the center; the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve and the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve corresponding to each plunger are arranged side by side, and their axial oil ports are connected with the corresponding plunger cavity 17 ; The circumferential oil port 21 of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve passes through the high-pressure oil supply control step of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and its height The cavity 26 between the end faces of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center is connected with the high-pressure oil passage 18 of the oil distribution plate group; the circumferential oil port 29 of each high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve is worn The cavity 34 between the oil discharge-replenishment console step of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve and the end face of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve near the center is connected with the oil return channel 19 of the oil distribution plate The spring cavity 22 of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is connected with the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step 25 on the corresponding pilot valve, and the spring cavity 30 of each high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve Both are connected with the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console step 33 on the corresponding pilot valve; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 two Two end faces (the end face close to the shell side and the end face close to the center side) are connected to the leakage oil port, between the high-pressure oil supply console step of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and the end face of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center side The cavities 26 of each are connected with the high-pressure oil channel 18 of the oil distribution plate group; each high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console step and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve are close to the center side end face The cavity 34 between them is connected with the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate; the capacity between the end surface of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve close to the shell side and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure common oil supply console step The cavities 24 are connected with the corresponding plunger chambers 17, and each high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve is close to the housing side end face and the cavity between the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment console steps 32 are all connected to the corresponding plunger chamber 17; all high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves 8 are located on the same section, and all high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valves 9 are located on the same section;

The oil distribution plate group is in contact with the end face of the oil distribution pilot valve body 4 on the other side of the plunger without relative movement, and there is an oil distribution plate high-pressure oil flow channel 18 and an oil distribution plate return Oil channel 19; the high-pressure oil channel 18 of the oil distribution plate in the center of the oil distribution plate group and all the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves on the oil distribution valve group are in the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply control stage and high-speed The cavity 26 between the end faces of the switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve close to the center is connected, and the high-pressure oil channel 18 of the oil distribution plate on the oil distribution plate group is connected with the high-pressure oil port 57 on the rear end cover 56 of the housing; the oil distribution plate The annular oil distribution plate oil return flow channel 19 outside the high-pressure oil flow channel 18 of the oil distribution plate in the center of the group is connected with all the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valves on the oil distribution valve group. The oil-replenishment console step communicates with the chamber 34 between the end surface of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve near the center side, and the annular oil distribution plate oil return channel 19 on the oil distribution plate group is connected to the rear end cover 56 of the housing. The oil return port 58 on the top is connected; the leakage oil flow channel is shared with the leakage oil flow channel on the pump body, and communicated with the leakage oil port on the casing; the high-pressure oil flow channel 18 of the oil distribution plate in the center of the oil distribution plate group High-pressure rotary support assemblies 54 are used between the annular oil distribution plate return channel 19 on the outer side and the annular oil distribution plate return channel 19 on the outer side of the central high-pressure oil channel and the leakage oil channel near the shell side. The low-pressure rotary support assembly 55 provides rotary support, and the oil distribution plate group and the rear end cover 56 of the housing rotate relative to each other.

The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge, the switch variable torque drive mechanism is divided into high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism and oil discharge-oil replenishment drive mechanism, in which the high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism is composed of a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve Drive bearing 6 and two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control valve body control plunger 46, two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger 47 valve body, two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve Drive bearing control spring 48, two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressing plate 49 and two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger spring chamber 59 corresponding to the spring, oil discharge-fill The oil driving mechanism consists of a high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing 7 and two high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearings to control the valve body 50 to control the plunger, two high-speed oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valves Drive bearing control plunger 51 valve body, two high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control springs 52, two high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressing pieces 53 and two corresponding springs A high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control plunger spring cavity 60 is composed of two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plungers 47 of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism Pilot valve driving bearing 6 is perpendicular to the axis, collinear with the straight line where the direction of motion of the bearing is, tangent to the outer ring of the bearing, and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The other end surface of the oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 6 that does not contact the outer ring is installed with a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring 48, and the other end surface of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring 48 is provided with a high-speed switch high-pressure supply Oil pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece 49, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger 47, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring 48, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure The pieces 49 are all located in the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger valve body 46, and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring chamber 59 is connected with the external control oil circuit, and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply The pilot valve drive bearing control plunger valve body 46 is coaxial with the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger 47, and is installed on the control drive housing 45. The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 6 inner ring and its drive The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 is in contact with the end face 23 on the side of the housing and provides rotation support; the two high-speed switch oil discharge-fill oil drive mechanism two high-speed switch oil discharge-fill oil pilot valves The driving bearing control plunger 51 is perpendicular to the axis of the driving bearing 7 of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, collinear with the straight line where the bearing moves, tangent to the outer ring of the bearing, and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. A high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drives bearing control plunger 51 and a high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment The other end of the oil pilot valve drive bearing 7 that does not touch the outer ring is installed with a high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control spring 52, and the other end of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control spring 52 is set to a high-speed switch. Switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure plate 53, high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control plunger 51, high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control spring 52, high-speed switch row Oil-supplement pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece 53 is located in the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control plunger valve body 50, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control spring inside it Cavity 60 communicates with the external control oil circuit, the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control plunger valve body 50 is coaxial with the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control plunger 51, installed on the control drive On the shell 45, the inner ring of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing 7 is in contact with the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 on the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve near the end surface 31 of the housing side and Provide rotation support; high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 6 only control high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 only control high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot The valve driving bearing 7 only controls the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 only controls the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment valve, thus realizing the separate suction and oil discharge of the oil distribution mechanism Controls are independently regulated.

The oil distribution plate group is composed of the oil distribution plate 5, the high-pressure rotary support assembly 54, the low-pressure rotary support assembly 55 and the rear end cover 56, which is different from the traditional oil distribution plate in which the oil suction and discharge waist-shaped holes are symmetrically distributed around the oil suction and discharge interface. , there are oil distribution plate high-pressure oil flow channel 18 and oil distribution plate return oil flow channel 19 inside the oil distribution plate 5, the central cylindrical flow channel is used as the oil distribution plate high-pressure oil flow channel 18, and the outer side of the oil distribution plate high-pressure oil flow channel 18 The annular flow channel serves as the oil return flow channel 19 of the oil distribution plate, and the outer wall of the oil return flow channel 19 of the oil distribution plate is the leakage oil chamber; The high-pressure oil flow channel on the upper part is connected, and the other end is directly connected with the high-pressure oil flow channel 18 on the oil distribution plate. The waist-shaped holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction communicate with the annular oil return channel 19 on the oil distribution plate; Sealing, the low-pressure rotary support assembly 55 provides the seal between the oil return channel 19 of the oil distribution plate and the leakage oil channel. Rotational support between bodies.

The projection of the axis 8 of the high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve on the plane where the high-speed switching valve is located is symmetrical to the projection of the axis 9 of the high-speed switching oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve on the plane where the high-speed switching valve is located.

The central axis of the inner wall of the high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve driving bearing 6 is parallel to the central axis of the plunger cylinder 1, and there is a fixed offset along the direction with a small angle with the oil suction and discharge boundary line, and the high-speed switching high-pressure The driving bearing 6 of the oil supply pilot valve can and can only move left and right in the vertical direction of this direction; the central axis of the inner wall of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve driving bearing 7 is parallel to the central axis of the plunger cylinder 1, and There is a fixed offset along the direction with a small angle with the boundary line of oil suction and discharge, which is symmetrical to the projection of the fixed offset direction of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 7 on the plane where the high-speed switch valve is located with respect to the oil suction and discharge interface. The high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing 7 can and can only move left and right in the vertical direction of this direction.

The end face 27 of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step 25. This area difference provides the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 A radial pressure is created, so that all high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valves 8 can be pressed on the drive bearing 6 of the variable torque high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve. The end face 35 of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve near the center side has a diameter smaller than the diameter of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console step 33, and the area difference is for the high-speed switch row The oil-supplement pilot valve 9 provides a radial pressure so that all the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valves 9 can press on the variable torque high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve driving bearing 7 .

The oil distribution valve body is divided into three pieces in the axial direction: plunger chamber oil distribution valve body 2, main valve body 3, pilot valve body 4; plunger chamber oil distribution valve body 2, main valve body 3, pilot valve body The body 4 is rigidly connected to the plunger cylinder 1 through pins, and the oil distribution valve body and the oil distribution plate group are connected together by screws; the plunger chamber oil distribution valve body 2 and the main valve body 3, the main valve body 3 and the pilot valve Body 4, pilot valve body 4 and the oil distribution plate group, plunger cavity oil distribution valve body 2 and the outer edge of all oil ports between the plunger cylinder 1, are provided with sealing rings.

The widths of the high-pressure oil supply console step 25 of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console step 33 are consistent with the width of the corresponding sinking groove on the pilot valve body , allowing the pilot valve to respond quickly to changes in plunger position.

When the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve control drive bearing 6 and the high-speed switch oil discharge-suction pilot valve control drive bearing 7 is zero, the spring chamber 22 of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is Except the transition point is isolated, other positions are connected with the high-pressure oil channel 18 of the oil distribution plate in the center of the oil distribution plate group, so that the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve remains closed, and the spring chamber 30 of the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve is in the Except the oil suction-oil discharge transition point is isolated, other positions are connected with the plunger cavity 17, so that the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment valve remains open, so that the motor can replenish oil from the oil distribution plate return channel 19 of the oil distribution plate group. Oil.

When the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve controls the displacement of the driving bearing 6 to zero, the initial displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 is negative. The center of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 6 and the plunger cylinder The fixed offset between the axes; the high-pressure oil supply console step 25 on the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve connects the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring cavity 22, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve close to the shell side end face and the high-speed switch high pressure The cavity 24 between the steps of the high-pressure oil supply pilot valve of the oil supply pilot valve, the high-pressure oil supply control stage of the high-pressure oil supply pilot valve of the high-speed switch near the center side and the end face of the high-pressure oil supply pilot valve of the high-speed switch near the center side The chambers 26 between them are separated from each other; when the displacement of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve control bearing 7 is zero, the initial displacement of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 is twice that of the high-speed switch oil discharge - fixed offset between charge pilot valve drive bearing 7 and central axis of plunger cylinder 1; The spring chamber 30 of the valve communicates with the plunger chamber 17, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve 9 valve port opening is twice the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing 7 and the center of the plunger cylinder 1 Fixed offset between axes.

Based on the aforementioned switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge, the initial position and positive direction are first defined as follows:

1. On the boundary line of suction, suction and discharge, the plunger is at the deepest point of the plunger barrel 1 as the starting point, and the starting angle is 0°;

2. Facing the output shaft, take left-handed as positive and right-handed as negative;

3. All pilot valve drive ring bearings are positive when they are to the right, and negative when they are to the left;

4. The upward movement of all pilot spools is positive, and the downward movement is negative;

5. The intermediate value of displacement of all pilot valves is defined as the 0 position of the spool;

6. The coordinate axis is the output axis of the front view, the positive direction of the X-axis is horizontally to the right, and the positive direction of the Y-axis is vertically upward;

7. With the center of the plunger cylinder 1 as the origin, the variable drive bearing ring is positive to the right and upward, and negative to the left and downward;

The switch variable torque method comprises the following steps:

(1) According to the requirements of the output torque, adjust the driving bearing 6 of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve and the drive bearing 7 of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot valve to change the switching time of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve. empty ratio;

(2) Control the opening time of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, so that the plunger chamber 17 located in the oil suction area can absorb oil from the high-pressure oil port 57 and push the corresponding plunger to do work only when the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is opened; The plunger cavity 17 located in the oil suction area directly sucks oil from the oil return port 58 through the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve connected to the oil return port 58 when the high-speed switch oil supply valve is closed, replenishing the air generated by the plunger movement. cavity, but will not push the plunger to do work; at the same time, the plunger cavity located in the oil discharge area can discharge oil through the high-speed switch connected to the oil return port 17 only when the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is closed. The valve directly discharges to the oil return port 17 without hindering the movement of the plunger; the plunger chamber 17 located in the oil discharge area discharges oil to the high pressure oil port 57 through the high pressure oil supply valve when the high speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is closed , work in the pump working condition, realize deceleration and braking, and convert the braking energy back into pressure energy; ensure that the average output torque and the displacement of the plunger during the opening period of the high-pressure oil supply valve of the high-speed switch are in the entire plunger suction stroke The duty cycle is proportional to;

(3) Through the real-time adjustment of the duty ratio of the displacement of the plunger during the opening period of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve in the entire plunger suction and oil discharge stroke, the average torque proportional to the duty ratio is output to realize variable torque control; the relationship between the duty cycle and the average torque is:

T＝[D ₁ -(1-D ₂ )]*(D _m ×P× _ηmachine × _ηvalve )

The relationship between the displacement y of the drive bearing and the plunger displacement duty cycle is:

D ₁ ＝d _{on 1} /2d _max ＝{1-sin[2atan(|X _P /Y _P |)]}/4

D ₂ ＝d _{on 2} /2d _max ＝{1-sin[2atan(|X _T /Y _T |)]}/4

Among them: D ₁ is the duty ratio of the displacement of the plunger in the whole plunger suction and discharge stroke when the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is opened for oil suction during the oil suction stroke, D ₂ is the high-speed switch discharge of the plunger in the oil discharge stroke The displacement of the oil-supplement valve when it is opened to discharge oil is the empty ratio in the entire plunger suction and oil discharge stroke, _dopen1 is the displacement of the plunger during the opening period of the high-speed switch high-pressure fuel supply valve during the plunger suction stroke, d _{Open 2} is the displacement of the plunger during the opening period of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve during the oil discharge stroke of the plunger, d _max is the one-way stroke of oil suction and discharge of the plunger, T is the average torque to be output, and D _m is the displacement of the hydraulic motor P is the pressure of the high-pressure oil port, η _machine is the mechanical efficiency of the hydraulic motor, η _valve is the efficiency of the oil distribution valve group, Y _P is the inner wall center of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing and the center of the plunger cylinder The fixed offset displacement between the axes, X _P is the displacement amplitude of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, that is, the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing, Y _T is the high-speed switch oil discharge-fill oil pilot valve drive bearing The fixed offset displacement between the center of the inner wall and the central axis of the plunger cylinder, X _T is the displacement amplitude of the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve, that is, the displacement of the drive bearing of the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve;

(4) In the motor working condition, for the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing, when the hydraulic motor rotates forward, X _P <0, and when the hydraulic motor reverses, then X _P >0; For oil pilot valve drive bearings, when the hydraulic motor is rotating forward, X _T ＝+Max, when the hydraulic motor is reverse, then X _T ＝-Max; when it is in the pump working condition, for the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearings, the hydraulic pump When forward and reverse, X _P = 0; for the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve drive bearing, when the hydraulic pump is forward, X _T > 0, when the hydraulic pump is reverse, then X _T <0; Y _P >0 , Y _T <0 is a fixed bias.

As an example of the specific application of the utility model, a rotary cylinder plunger hydraulic motor adopting the hydraulic pilot switch variable torque oil distribution assembly provided by the utility model with independent adjustment of the suction and discharge valves is discussed here , the detailed description is as follows:

Remove the back cover and oil distribution plate of the plunger type quantitative hydraulic motor, process the end face of the plunger cylinder into a plane, install the oil distribution assembly of the present utility model to the original position of the back cover and oil distribution plate of the hydraulic motor, and the plunger The cylinder barrel and the oil distribution assembly are connected by pins. An ordinary rotary cylinder plunger type quantitative hydraulic motor has been refitted into a hydraulic motor with a torque-variable function of a machine-hydraulic pilot switch for independent regulation of oil suction and discharge valves.

According to the aforementioned structure and control method, the working process of the hydraulic motor when it is rotating forward is shown in Figures 13-21. Each plunger goes through 6 states (4 main states and 2 transition states) per revolution:

(1) State A: high-pressure driving state: during forward rotation, X _P < 0, X _T > 0, high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 displacement is less than negative high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply pilot valve driving bearing 6 and plunger cylinder The fixed offset between the central axes of cylinder 1, the displacement of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 is greater than the fixed offset between the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing 7 and the central axis of the plunger cylinder 1, And the plunger advances; under the action of the high-speed switch high-pressure fuel supply pilot valve 8, when the plunger chamber 17 communicates with the high-speed switch high-pressure fuel supply valve spring chamber 22, the high-speed switch high-pressure fuel supply valve is under the pressure of the high-pressure oil port 57 Open, so the pressure of the plunger chamber 17 is close to but slightly lower than the pressure of the high-pressure oil port 57, the plunger chamber 17 communicates with the spring chamber groove 30 of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve at the same time, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is in the The plunger chamber 17 remains closed under pressure;

(2) State B, C: Empty travel state: where B is the transition state, and C is the oil supply state; the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 is greater than the negative high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 6 and the plunger cylinder The fixed offset between the central axes of cylinder 1, the displacement of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 is greater than the fixed offset between the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing 7 and the central axis of the plunger cylinder 1, And the plunger advances; under the action of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8, the high-pressure oil port 57 communicates with the spring chamber 22 of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve quickly under the pressure of the high-pressure oil port 57 Closed, the plunger continues to move forward, causing the volume of the plunger chamber 17 to increase, and the pressure quickly drops below the back pressure of the oil return port 58. The oil replenishment valve opens after the pressure in the plunger chamber 17 drops below the back pressure of the oil return port 58, and the process of opening the high-speed switch oil drain-fill oil valve is transition state B; The process of the plug replenishing oil from the oil return port until it reaches the oil suction and discharge interface is oil replenishment state C;

(3) State D: normal oil return state: the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 displacement is greater than the negative high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 6 and the fixed offset between the central axis of the plunger cylinder 1, high-speed switch The displacement of the oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve 9 is greater than the fixed offset between the drive bearing 7 of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve and the central axis of the plunger cylinder 1, and the plunger retreats; when the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve Under the action of 8, the spring cavity 22 of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve communicates with the high-pressure oil port 57, and the high-pressure oil supply valve remains closed; the oil return port 58 with back pressure communicates with the spring cavity 30 of the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve, Since the pressure of the plunger chamber 17 is close to and slightly higher than the pressure of the oil return port 58 with back pressure when the plunger is discharging oil, the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is kept open under the pressure of the plunger chamber 17 for normal operation. return oil;

(4) State E, F: pump output state: where E is the transition state, and F is the pump output state; the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve 8 is greater than the negative high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing 6 and the plunger cylinder The fixed offset between the central axes of the barrel 1, the displacement of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve 9 is smaller than the fixed offset between the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing 7 and the center axis of the plunger cylinder 1, And the plunger retreats; under the action of the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve 9, the plunger chamber 17 communicates with the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve spring chamber 30, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve is in the plunger chamber 17 is closed under the pressure of the plunger, and the plunger continues to retreat, causing the volume of the plunger chamber 17 to decrease, and the pressure rises rapidly to exceed the pressure of the high-pressure oil port 57. The switch high-pressure oil supply valve opens after the pressure in the plunger chamber 17 rises above the pressure of the high-pressure oil port 57; the state E is the transitional state during the opening process of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, and the state F is the plunger passing through the high-pressure oil port. 57 Drain the oil until the plunger forwards to the oil-absorbing interface.

Finally, it should be noted that what is listed above are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and many modifications can be made. All deformations that a person skilled in the art can derive or associate directly from the content disclosed in the utility model shall be considered as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A switching motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge, including a plunger cylinder, a plunger and a plunger chamber, characterized in that it also includes an oil distribution valve group, an oil distribution plate group and a switch variable torque drive mechanism; The oil distribution valve group is composed of a high-speed switching high-pressure oil supply valve, a high-speed switching oil discharge-fill valve, a high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, an oil discharge-fill pilot valve and a common oil distribution valve with the same number as the plunger Each plunger and its corresponding plunger cavity correspond to a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve and the corresponding high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, a high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve and the corresponding high-speed oil supply valve On-off oil drain-fill oil pilot valve; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve includes a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve core, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring cavity, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve Oil supply valve axial oil port, a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve circumferential oil port and a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console stage, each high-speed switch drain-fill valve includes a high-speed switch drain - Charge spool, a high-speed switch drain-fill valve spring, a high-speed switch drain-fill valve spring cavity, a high-speed switch drain-fill valve axial port, a high-speed switch drain-fill The circumferential oil port of the oil valve and a high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot valve oil discharge-oil supply console stage; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is close to the shell side end face and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure supply Between the oil control steps, there is a cavity between the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply control steps and the end surface near the center side, and between the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenish pilot valve end surface near the housing side and the high-speed Between the stage of the switch drain-fill pilot valve oil drain-fill control console, between the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drain-fill console step and the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve near the center side end face Each has a cavity; each plunger corresponds to a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve and a high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve are arranged side by side, and a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve axial oil port and a high-speed switch oil drain-fill valve The axial oil ports are connected with the corresponding plunger cavity; the circumferential oil ports of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve pass through the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step and are close to the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve The cavity between the end faces of the center side communicates with the high-pressure oil passage of the oil distribution plate; the circumferential oil port of each high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment valve passes through the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-replenishment The cavity between the oil console step and the high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve near the center side is connected with the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate; each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve spring cavity is connected to the corresponding high-speed switch high-pressure The oil supply pilot valve is connected to the high-pressure oil supply console step, and the spring cavity of each high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment valve is connected to the corresponding high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console stage; each high-speed switch high-pressure The two end faces of the oil supply pilot valve and the high-speed switch oil discharge-fill oil pilot valve (the end face near the shell side and the end face near the center side) are connected to the leakage oil port, and each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is controlled by high-pressure oil supply The cavity between the step and the end face of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the center is connected with the high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate; each high-speed switch drains oil-replenishes the pilot valve oil drains-fuels the control stage and the high-speed switch Drain-fill oil The cavity between the end face of the pilot valve close to the center is connected with the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate; the end face of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve near the housing side is between the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure common oil supply console step The cavities between them are connected with the corresponding plunger cavity of the corresponding high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve. -The cavities between the steps of the oil charge console are connected to the corresponding plunger chambers of the corresponding high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valves; all the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves are located on the same section, and all the high-speed switch oil drain-fill The oil pilot valve is located on the same section; The oil distribution plate set is fixed on the end surface of the oil distribution valve body on the other side of the plunger with screws, and there are high-pressure oil flow channels and oil return flow channels inside the oil distribution plate set; The high-pressure oil channel of the oil pan communicates with the cavities between the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves on the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves, the high-pressure oil supply console steps and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves near the center side, The high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate is connected with the high-pressure oil port on the shell; the annular oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate outside the high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate in the center of the oil distribution plate group is connected with all the high-speed switches described above. The high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve on the oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve is connected to the cavity between the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve near the center side end face, and the ring valve on the oil distribution plate group The oil return channel of the oil pan is connected with the oil return port on the casing; the leakage oil flow channel is shared with the leakage oil flow channel on the pump body and communicated with the leakage oil port on the casing; Between the high-pressure oil channel of the oil pan and the oil return channel of the annular oil distribution plate on the outer side, and between the oil return channel of the annular oil distribution plate and the leakage oil channel near the shell side, high-pressure rotary support components and low-pressure rotary support components are used respectively. The assembly provides rotational support, and the relative rotation between the oil distribution plate group and the rear end cover. 2. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, the switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge, its switch variable torque drive mechanism is divided into high pressure Oil supply driving mechanism and oil discharge-oil replenishing driving mechanism, among which the high-pressure oil supply driving mechanism consists of a high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing and two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearings to control the valve body and two high-speed switches High-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, two high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control springs, two high-speed switches high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece and two high-speed switch high pressure corresponding to the spring The oil supply pilot valve driving bearing is composed of a control spring chamber. The oil discharge-oil replenishment driving mechanism consists of a high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing and two high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearings control the valve body, two One high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, two high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drive bearing control springs, two high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drive bearing control springs and Two high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearings corresponding to the springs are composed of control spring chambers; the two control plungers of the high-pressure oil supply drive mechanism are perpendicular to the axis of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearings, and move with the bearings The straight line where the direction is located is collinear, tangent to the outer ring of the bearing, and the circumferential direction is evenly distributed. The control plunger of each high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing is installed on the end face that does not contact the outer ring of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing. High-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring The other end of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive Bearing control plunger, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring, high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece are all located in the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control control valve body, the internal high-speed The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control spring chamber is connected with the external control oil circuit, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control control valve body is coaxial with the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing control control plunger, installed On the control drive shell, the inner ring of the driving bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is in contact with the end face of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve driven by it, which is close to the shell side, and provides rotational support; The high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control plunger is perpendicular to the axis of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing, collinear with the straight line where the bearing moves, tangent to the outer ring of the bearing, and uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. Each high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drive bearing control plunger is installed on the end face that does not contact the outer ring of the high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drive bearing The high-speed switch drain-fill pilot valve drive bearing control spring, high-speed Oil drain-supplement switch The other end of the pilot valve drive bearing control spring is set with a high-speed switch oil drain-supplement Oil pilot valve drive bearing control spring pressure piece, high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control plunger, high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing control spring, high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve drive bearing The control spring pressing pieces are all located in the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing control control valve body, the inner spring cavity is connected with the external control oil circuit, and the control valve body is connected with the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing The control plunger is coaxial and installed on the control drive housing. The inner ring of the drive bearing of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve is in contact with the end surface of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve near the side of the housing and provides rotational support; The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing only controls the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve only controls the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve, the high-speed switch oil discharge-replenishment pilot valve drive bearing only controls the high-speed switch row Oil-supplement pilot valve, high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement pilot valve only controls high-speed switch oil discharge-supplement valve, thus realizing the independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge of oil distribution mechanism. 3. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, the oil distribution plate group consists of an oil distribution plate, a high-pressure rotary support assembly, a low-pressure rotary support assembly and a rear end cover The composition is different from the traditional oil distribution plate in which the suction and discharge waist-shaped holes are distributed symmetrically around the oil suction and discharge interface. The channel is used as the high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate, the annular flow channel outside the high-pressure oil flow channel of the oil distribution plate is used as the oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate, and the outer wall of the oil return flow channel of the oil distribution plate is the leakage oil chamber; the oil distribution plate and the pilot One side of the central circular area on the matching end surface of the valve body is connected with the high-pressure oil passage of the pilot valve body, and the other end is directly connected with the high-pressure oil passage of the oil distribution plate. The other end communicates with the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate through four uniformly distributed waist holes; the high-pressure rotary support assembly provides the seal between the high pressure flow channel of the oil distribution plate and the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate The rotary support assembly provides the seal between the oil return channel of the oil distribution plate and the leakage oil channel, and the high-pressure rotary support component and the low-pressure rotary support component jointly provide the rotary support between the oil distribution plate and the rear end cover. 4. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection of the axis of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve on the plane where the high-speed switch valve is located is the same as the high-speed switch oil discharge mechanism. - The projection of the oil charge pilot valve axis on the plane where the high-speed switch valve is located is symmetrical with the oil suction and discharge boundary line as the axis. 5. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, the central axis of the inner wall of the driving bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is in contact with the center of the plunger cylinder. The axis is parallel, and there is a fixed offset along the direction with an angle less than 10° with the boundary line of oil suction and discharge. The high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing can and can only move left and right in the vertical direction of this direction; high-speed switch discharge oil - The central axis of the inner wall of the oil supplement pilot valve driving bearing is parallel to the central axis of the plunger cylinder, and has a fixed offset along the direction with an included angle of less than 10° with the oil suction and discharge boundary line, which is in line with the high-speed switch high pressure The projection of the fixed offset direction of the oil supply pilot valve drive bearing on the plane where the high-speed switch valve is located is symmetrical about the oil suction and discharge interface, and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil charge pilot valve drive bearing can and can only move left and right in the vertical direction of this direction. 6. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is close to the center side end face, and its diameter is smaller than that of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve The diameter of the high-pressure oil supply console step is slightly smaller, and this area difference provides a radial pressure to the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve, so that all high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valves can be pressed against the high-speed switch high-pressure supply pilot valve. On the drive bearing of the oil pilot valve; the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve is close to the end face of the center side, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve oil discharge-oil replenishment console step. The high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve provides a radial pressure, so that all high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valves can be pressed on the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve driving bearing. 7. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, the oil distribution valve body is divided into three pieces in the axial direction: the plunger chamber oil distribution valve body, the main Valve body, pilot valve body; plunger chamber oil distribution valve body, main valve body, pilot valve body are rigidly connected to the plunger cylinder through pins, oil distribution valve body and oil distribution plate group are connected together by screws; plunger The outer edges of all oil ports between the cavity oil distribution valve body and the main valve body, the main valve body and the pilot valve body, the pilot valve body and the oil distribution plate group, the plunger chamber oil distribution valve body and the plunger cylinder There are sealing rings. 8. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supply pilot The width of the steps of the oil discharge and oil charge control of the valve is consistent with the width of the corresponding undercut groove on the pilot valve body, so that the pilot valve can quickly respond to the change of the plunger position. 9. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve drive bearing and the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil replenishment pilot valve drive bearing When the displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is zero, the spring chamber of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve is isolated at the transition point of oil discharge and oil suction, and other positions are connected with the high-pressure oil flow channel in the center of the oil distribution plate group, so that the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply valve remains closed , The spring chamber of the high-speed switch drain-fill valve is isolated except at the oil suction-drain transition point, and the other positions are connected with the plunger cavity, so that the high-speed switch drain-fill valve remains open, so that the motor can start from the oil distribution The oil return channel of the oil distribution plate of the disc group is filled with oil. 10. The switch motor variable torque oil distribution mechanism with independent adjustment of oil suction and discharge according to claim 1, when the displacement of the driving bearing of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is zero, the initial displacement of the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve is Negative high-speed switch high-pressure fuel supply pilot valve fixed offset between the drive bearing and the central axis of the plunger cylinder; The oil supply pilot valve is close to the cavity between the end face of the shell side and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply console step, the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve high-pressure oil supply control step and the high-speed switch high-pressure oil supply pilot valve are close to the center The cavities between the side faces are separated from each other; when the displacement of the control bearing of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve is zero, the initial displacement of the high-speed switch oil discharge-oil supplement pilot valve is twice that of the high-speed switch oil discharge- Fixed offset between charge pilot valve drive bearing and center axis of plunger cylinder; high speed switch drain-charge pilot valve drain-charge console step connects high speed switch drain-charge valve spring chamber to plunger The cavity is connected, and the valve port opening of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve is twice the fixed offset between the drive bearing of the high-speed switch oil drain-fill pilot valve and the central axis of the plunger cylinder.

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