CN201731940U - Image brightness meter based on digital camera - Google Patents
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- CN201731940U CN201731940U CN2010202734365U CN201020273436U CN201731940U CN 201731940 U CN201731940 U CN 201731940U CN 2010202734365 U CN2010202734365 U CN 2010202734365U CN 201020273436 U CN201020273436 U CN 201020273436U CN 201731940 U CN201731940 U CN 201731940U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an image brightness meter based on a digital camera which is formed by connecting a CCD camera and a brightness measuring control and analysis system through a data line; the input/output module of the brightness measuring control and analysis system is connected with a CPU; the CPU includes an image decoding module, a data correcting module used for correcting image field uniformity, and a brightness calculation and analysis module used for judging whether the RGB channel value of each measured point of a shot scene picture to be measured is in a preciously measured interval or not and converts the RGB channel value into a brightness value. The CPU is connected with a storage module used for storing an operating system, analysis software, test precision, noise changing curve, measured pictures and measuring results; the CPU is also connected with a display module. The image brightness meter based on the digital camera can improve the brightness test efficiency and the test precision under an environment with strong brightness and darkness contrast in a background, has the advantages of obtaining the brightness data of each part in a visual field by one step, solves reading on RAW format document, and enlarges the testing linear scope of the camera.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of brightness of image meter, particularly a kind of brightness of image meter based on digital camera.
Background technology
By utilizing photograph to carry out the photometry measurement is not a kind of new method, just carried out about carry out photometry test correlative study work by photograph as far back as the nineteen thirties people, this method of testing is inferred tested light intensity by film emulsion layer optical density or transmissivity.Because it can obtain profuse information in the short period of time, thereby it is used widely in fields such as astronomical sights.Carried out the work of road luminance test by this method at nineteen forty-one Meyers.G.I.Yet because this method of testing need quantize by special opacimeter or special optical instrument such as reflective interference microscope, and resolution and precision are all relatively low and cause failing further to be promoted.
CCD(Charge coupled Device charge coupled cell) being the novel semi-conductor device that will grow up in the end of the year 70 of 20th century, is W.S. Boyle and the G.E. Smith invention by Bell Laboratory in 1970, and delivers in next year.Because advantages such as it has that volume is little, light weight, highly sensitive, life-span length, low-power consumption, dynamic range are big, and be widely used in a lot of fields.Catch image rapidly by utilizing the CCD camera, and be translated into the digitalized electron image, and carry out brightness, the colorimetry test further obtains extensive concern, a large amount of relevant researchs have been carried out in recent years both at home and abroad: wherein particularly in the field such as universe observation, the numerous astronomical telescopes that comprise Hubble Telescope have all been equipped the CCD imaging measurement system, this has promoted the high speed development of CCD technology on the one hand, also make on the other hand a lot of researchists in uranology field very early carried out the research that utilizes camera to observe aspects such as night sky light pollution, more because professional domain going deep into for CCD research, therefore it is very deep for aspect researchs such as CCD noises, has all obtained very good observation effect.Yet because astronomical sight often pays close attention to is some key element in the picture, and compare with astronomical sight, the brightness variation range of building luminous environment is bigger, background is more complicated, test condition is also more various, therefore how at the scene obtains the important topic that accurate test result becomes research in the test.Though also having occurred some business-like image-type brightness on the current market reaches, as the PR920 that develops by Photoresearch company, yet owing to its fancy price is difficult to be used widely, therefore current a lot of researchists attempt to use the camera of selling on the market to demarcate, thereby are used for the test environment Luminance Distribution.This respect research has obtained paying close attention to widely and paying attention to, and domestic Chen Zhonglin professor, Zhan Qingxuan professor, Mr. Gu Bing make many exploration work in this field, and main in recent years achievement in research sees the following form at present:
| The researchist | Research unit | The achievement in research date issued | Research contents |
| GeorgZotti | ViennaUniversity ofTechnology | 2007.10 | Measuring light pollution with a calibrated high dynamic range all-sky image acquisition system: utilize high dynamic range imaging technique test sky brightness, use the RAW file layout, thereby reduced because the error analysis that processes such as camera white balance, γ conversion are brought. |
| HelkeGabele | Universityof AppliedSciencesCologne | 2006.2 | The usage of digital cameras as luminance meters: the measurement requirement that transforms function (OECF) according to ISO14524 about photoelectricity, utilize ordinary digital camera to carry out brightness measurement, wherein particularly having analyzed as aperture, time shutter, digital-to-analogue conversion, noise, vignetting and parasitic light etc. influences the measuring accuracy key element in measuring process. |
| PietroFiorentin | Universit à degli Studi diPadova | 2005.2 | Characterization and calibration of a CCD detector for light engineering: the factor that the corresponding unevenness between vignetting effect, parasitic light, pixel, dark current noise, focusing are inaccurate etc. influences measuring accuracy is analyzed. |
| MehlikaInanici etc. | LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory | 2004.12 | Evaluation of High Dynamic Range Photography as a Luminance, analysis of visual comfort using high-dynamic range luminance images: multiexposure, multiple exposure forms high dynamic range images precision analysis, spectrum for the impact analysis of measuring accuracy analysis, vignetting effect and proposed the analysis of point spread function for the measuring accuracy influence. |
| Shen Tianhang | University Of Tianjin | 2002 | The application of digital camera in luminous environment brightness and color measurement: by test and data analysis, thereby obtain the correction function of certain camera under a certain light illumination, and considered the vignetting effect of camera lens. |
| Upper valley virtue is clear | Fushan university | 2001.5 | Measurement of CIE Tristimulus Values XYZ by Color Video Images: by test and data analysis, thereby obtain the correction function of certain camera under a certain light illumination, and considered the vignetting effect of camera lens. |
Conventional method in these researchs all is by carrying out a large amount of numerous and diverse physical testing and data analyses in the laboratory, thereby obtains the correction function of certain camera under a certain light illumination.By these updating formulas, the RGB numerical value in the picture is converted into CIE three primary colors values, current this method has obtained extensive approval, and these achievements in research are also obtaining certain application and popularization.Though in these researchs, carried out the correction aspect the camera lens image field unevenness more, also have and researched and proposed of the influence of factors such as noise, aperture, digital-to-analogue conversion measuring accuracy, but the problem that still has the following aspects still needs further to solve, thereby can make this method can really satisfy the requirement of illumination practice:
Though current these researchs have also been carried out preliminary quantitative analysis to measuring error, owing to do not consider the influence of factors such as noise, aperture, digital-to-analogue conversion comprehensively, therefore still need carry out deep work, improve the error analysis method of brightness of image measuring method.
The current jpeg image files that should study many use current decoder technology maturations, this makes view data pass through all multi-non-linears such as white balance, γ conversion on the one hand and transforms, both increased unnecessary error, greatly reduce the range of linearity (being generally 90:1 even lower) of camera simultaneously, thereby make advantages such as the CCD dynamic range is big not to be not fully exerted.
Based on the three primary colors theory that the brightness of image measuring method of digital camera is utilized,, and all do not determine the scope that can accurately measure of this measuring method in color space in the research before this because three primary colors can not match all colors of occurring in nature in the reality.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of brightness of image meter based on digital camera, solve the technical matters that improves measuring accuracy when reducing cost of products, reduce measuring error and expansion brightness measurement scope.
For achieving the above object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme: a kind of brightness of image meter based on digital camera is characterized in that: be formed by connecting by data line by CCD camera and brightness measurement control analysis system; Described brightness measurement control analysis system comprises: an input/output module that is used to receive view data, and the output interface of input/output module is connected with the input interface of CPU; Comprise the picture decoding module that is used for picture decoding, the adjustment of data module that is used for the image field homogeneity correction among the CPU; Be used to judge that captured plan measures the brightness calculation analysis module whether the RGB passage numerical value of each measured point of scene picture all is in accurate measurement interval and is translated into brightness number; The memory module that the signal input output interface of above-mentioned CPU connects and is used for storage operating system, analysis software, measuring accuracy and noise change curve, measures picture, measurement result; The signal output interface of above-mentioned CPU is connected with the display module that is used for the display analysis result.
Compared with prior art the utlity model has following characteristics and beneficial effect: 1, finish and determine the correction of CCD dark current noise, for the analytical approach of measuring accuracy influence; Determine the correction of CCD dark current noise owing to finish, flat field correction technical methods such as (flat-field correction), rationally research camera lens diffraction is for the influence of test result, thereby further improves measuring technology, particularly the measuring accuracy under the strong environment of light and shade contrast in background.
2, finish for the research of camera lens image field uniformity correcting method, overcome each single anti-digital camera RAW format picture document, do not have the shortcoming of unified storage format, solved technical matters for the work of reading of RAW format file; And solution light and shade in background contrasts the problem of measuring accuracy under the strong environment.This method has been developed the brightness of image measuring method based on Canon's digital camera CR2 image file, compares with traditional luminance test method, can not only improve luminance test efficient effectively, and workable.Once can obtain the brightness data of each several part in the visual field; More former measuring technology based on the jpeg file form has improved measuring accuracy, enlarges the range of linearity utilize the camera test and determine its measurement range etc. (specific targets see the following form) in color space.These provide strong technical support for luminous environment and all-sky brightness measurement, and development has important techniques and is worth to the building optics measuring technology.
3, utilize of the influence of the deeply rational analytical error source of statistical analysis technique to observed result, propose especially wherein that technical measures reduce because the camera lens diffraction for the influence of measuring accuracy and carried out Quantitative study, carries out upper and lower bound between the accurate measurement zone of brightness of image thereby proposed reasonable use digital camera (450D of Canon).
4, the utility model operation is extremely easy, and price is more cheap, and can be widely used in digital camera and demarcate the photometry measurement, thus many fields of test environment Luminance Distribution.
Description of drawings
The utility model is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a module diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is an illuminance of image plane uniformity testing device synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is a test flow chart of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is that measuring error is with signal numerical value change curve map.
Fig. 5 is the 450D CMOS of a Canon linear change curve.
Reference numeral: 1-test box, 2-milky PC plate, 3-CCD camera, 4-take the visual angle district.
Embodiment
Referring to shown in Figure 1, this brightness of image meter based on digital camera is characterized in that: be formed by connecting by data line by CCD camera and brightness measurement control analysis system; Described brightness measurement control analysis system comprises: an input/output module that is used to receive view data, and the output interface of input/output module is connected with the input interface of CPU; Comprise the picture decoding module that is used for picture decoding, the adjustment of data module that is used for the image field homogeneity correction among the CPU; Be used to judge that captured plan measures the brightness calculation analysis module whether the RGB passage numerical value of each measured point of scene picture all is in accurate measurement interval and is translated into brightness number; The memory module that the signal input output interface of above-mentioned CPU connects and is used for storage operating system, analysis software, measuring accuracy and noise change curve, measures picture, measurement result; The signal output interface of above-mentioned CPU is connected with the display module as a result that is used for the display analysis result.
Referring to shown in Figure 3, this brightness of image measuring method based on digital camera connects CCD camera and brightness measurement control analysis system with data line, following steps is arranged: step (1), take black-film with the CCD camera, obtain the ground unrest of this CCD camera to be measured when test; Dynamic range is the relative scope of characterizing device detectable signal size, and its upper limit is decided by the full potential well signal volume of photosensitive unit, and lower limit is decided by the minimum signal that device can be differentiated, i.e. ambient noise signal.Thermonoise in the CCD image and read the ambient noise signal that noise has constituted CCD, the size of ambient noise signal has limited the dynamic range of test macro.
Wherein particularly thermonoise is that temperature vibration by electronics in the conductor causes that it is present in all electron devices and the transmission medium.Therefore it is the result of temperature variation, at first needs to determine thermonoise by taking the dark width of cloth before test, and the so-called dark width of cloth is meant under the situation that CMOS do not expose, at certain aperture time (general with test time used aperture time consistent) picture of generation down.By calculating the variance of dark all pixel numbers of the width of cloth, can obtain the ground unrest of this camera when test.
Step (2) is determined the accurate test specification of this CCD camera, determines the lower limit and the upper limit of measuring accuracy.
1) definite method of test system and test lower limit:
Because the ambient noise signal of CMOS, the shot noise of signal and analog to digital transform error, be the noise that the CMOS self-characteristic is produced, their acting in conjunction can be called the CMOS overall noise, and the error that the CMOS overall noise causes can be calculated by formula:
Annotate:
When the influence of considering brightness of image, colourity fitting formula etc., according to descending formula:
Work as thereby can calculate
Be less than or equal at 0.1 o'clock
Minimum value, the accurate minimum value of test zone that Here it is.
As shown in Figure 4, can draw along with photograph numerical value increases and error change curve (pixel merges into 8 * 8), as seen its test error is less than 10% when signal numerical value reaches 20, so the minimum value that this measuring method can accurately be tested is 20.
As shown in Figure 5,2) definite method of test system and test higher limit:
The upper limit of device detectable signal is decided by the full potential well signal volume of photosensitive unit.When near full trap,, quantum efficiency is descended, so linearity variation because depletion region narrows down under the photosensitive unit.The test upper limit of therefore definite this method of testing is just studied the upper limit of CMOS linearity curve.
As can be seen from Figure 5 CMOS has favorable linearity in very big zone, but when numerical value its test error less than 13000 time only be 1.79%, and when numerical value influence owing to its nonlinear response greater than 13000 time, the error increase is rapid.Therefore this method of testing on be limited to 13000.
Step (3) is with the storer of operating system, analysis software and measuring accuracy and noise change curve database input brightness measurement control analysis system.
Step (4) is taken plan with the CCD camera and is measured the scene picture, and is stored as the CR2 image file.
Concrete experimental provision is referring to shown in Figure 2, utilize milky PC plate 2 as uniform area light source, measure under the spacious environment that this device is not blocked around (avoid because overgenerous direct light have a negative impact for the test result precision) under the complete cloudy situation is placed on, reduce the measuring error that causes in the casing internal reflection owing to light thereby make lining with black cloth in the test box 1, this method satisfies in the standard about measuring the requirement of image field with light source.When needs obtain certain camera lens (being generally tight shot) image field homogeneity correction function, at first need alignment lens milky PC plate 2 with CCD camera 3, to take visual angle district 4 as for PC plate central authorities, and adjust camera lens and intend with on the aperture grade pictures taken to test.
Step (5), the CR2 image file data inputs to brightness measurement control analysis system through data line.
Step (6), brightness measurement control analysis system carries out picture decoding to the CR2 image file of input.
Step (7), utilize this test macro in advance timing by shooting background uniform area light source is set, draw the image field homogeneity correction array of this camera lens under the test aperture and image file is carried out image field evenly proofread and correct.
Step (8), brightness measurement control analysis system compares the CR2 image file of input and the lower limit and the upper limit of measuring accuracy, whether the RGB passage numerical value of judging captured each measured point of plan measurement scene picture all is in the interval of accurate measurement, if then shot picture is carried out the correction of image field homogeneity according to the image field homogeneity correction array of the corresponding aperture of use camera lens, and then carry out brightness calculation; The brightness conversion formula is:
At first each R, G, B data are deducted a ground unrest mean value, then with all are set to 0 less than accurate numerical value of the minimum value of test zone in the array, all are set to 65535(FFFF greater than 13000 data in the array).
If do not select exposure compensating this moment, i.e. only taken a photo in the time of test, then can directly utilize the brightness transition formula to R, G, three data of B, be converted to the brightness array.In display result, for there being one to be 0, or be FFFF, then be shown as and be below or above test threshold.Be the minimum value of accurate test zone with R, G, B respectively or be 13000 brightness values of calculating during calculating mean value and participate in computing.
If selected exposure compensating, then at first need the picture of overexposure and the equal reduction of the under-exposure picture exposure status to normal exposure is gone, and the picture of overexposure is divided by the gear of overexposure, as 3 grades of overexposures be the overexposure picture array respectively divided by
Corresponding picture then need multiply by the gear of owing to expose to the sun, at last to three arrays ask on average (note all numerical value in the above computing be 0 or FFFF all do not participate in computing), average back generates R, G, the B array of floating type, and these three data are changed, obtain brightness-formula, the result shows with no exposure compensating.
Step (9), if not, then judgement is higher than or is lower than limit value, takes again and intends measuring the scene picture.
The using method of this brightness of image meter based on digital camera has following steps: a is installed on the CCD camera demarcating good camera lens, and is connected with brightness measurement control analysis system with data line.
B opens the CCD camera.
C opens brightness measurement control analysis system, and operation is selected employed camera type and the corresponding acquisition parameters of CCD camera based on CCD image of camera nitometer software on display screen.
D, but the image of measured zone on the display screen of brightness measurement control analysis system, shown, adjust the camera attitude then, intend measured zone to cover, and click " taking pictures " button, the CCD camera is taken accordingly.
E, and picture is transferred under the software root directory of brightness measurement control analysis system.
F in demarcating file, has provided the ground unrest size of acquiescence at different cameras, but, when needs are accurately measured, then need before measuring because ground unrest is subjected to Temperature Influence, under the situation that lens cap is not opened, take black-film.
G opens shot picture.
H carries out the image field illuminance uniformity according to the image field homogeneity correction array that is pre-stored in corresponding camera model and lens parameters in the test macro memory module to picture and proofreaies and correct.
I carries out brightness calculation according to brightness calculation parameter in the correction authority, calculates captured regional each point brightness number, and result of calculation is stored under the required catalogue.
J, display brightness isoline, the brightness equivalent curve or the brightness histogram in the captured zone of corresponding selection.
Claims (1)
1. the brightness of image meter based on digital camera is characterized in that: be formed by connecting by data line by CCD camera and brightness measurement control analysis system; Described brightness measurement control analysis system comprises: an input/output module that is used to receive view data, and the output interface of input/output module is connected with the input interface of CPU; Comprise the picture decoding module that is used for picture decoding, the adjustment of data module that is used for the image field homogeneity correction among the CPU; Be used to judge that captured plan measures the brightness calculation analysis module whether the RGB passage numerical value of each measured point of scene picture all is in accurate measurement interval and is translated into brightness number; The memory module that the signal input output interface of above-mentioned CPU connects and is used for storage operating system, analysis software, measuring accuracy and noise change curve, measures picture, measurement result; The signal output interface of above-mentioned CPU is connected with the display module that is used for the display analysis result.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101907488A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2010-12-08 | 中国建筑科学研究院 | Image brightness meter based on digital camera and measuring method thereof |
| CN105973571A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-28 | 厦门大学 | CCD-based LED chip microscopic surface brightness measuring method |
| CN106679804A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-17 | 上海航空电器有限公司 | Detection method of portable modularization brightness and chrominance |
| CN107329532A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-07 | 无锡北斗星通信息科技有限公司 | PDA information notifies control device |
| CN109632087A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-16 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Field calibration method and imaging brightness meter caliberating device suitable for imaging brightness meter |
| CN109900358A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-18 | 东南大学 | A kind of Sky Types identifying system and method based on image luminance information |
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2010
- 2010-07-28 CN CN2010202734365U patent/CN201731940U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101907488A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2010-12-08 | 中国建筑科学研究院 | Image brightness meter based on digital camera and measuring method thereof |
| CN105973571A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-09-28 | 厦门大学 | CCD-based LED chip microscopic surface brightness measuring method |
| CN105973571B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2018-05-29 | 厦门大学 | A kind of measuring method of the LED chip macroscopic surface brightness based on CCD |
| CN106679804A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-17 | 上海航空电器有限公司 | Detection method of portable modularization brightness and chrominance |
| CN107329532A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-11-07 | 无锡北斗星通信息科技有限公司 | PDA information notifies control device |
| CN109632087A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-04-16 | 北京环境特性研究所 | Field calibration method and imaging brightness meter caliberating device suitable for imaging brightness meter |
| CN109632087B (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-11-13 | 北京环境特性研究所 | On-site calibration method and device suitable for imaging brightness meter |
| CN109900358A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-06-18 | 东南大学 | A kind of Sky Types identifying system and method based on image luminance information |
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