Technical background
Solid waste is clinical waste, domestic waste particularly, because its moisture content is higher, generally more than 40%, behind the incineration disposal, the flue gas moisture content that is produced is also therefore higher, and the flue gas dew point temperature is up to more than 70 ℃ usually; Thereby must carry out processed to flue gas, and reduce the moisture content of its flue gas, reduce the dew-point temperature of flue gas, could guarantee the normal operation of follow-up cleaning equipment safely, effectively.
At present in gas cleaning is handled, the technical scheme of the processed of flue gas is adopted whirlwind (eddy flow) dehydration, cooling condensation dehydration and desiccant dehydration three classes usually.
Wherein, whirlwind (eddy flow) dehydration is to adopt cyclone separator or eddy flow plate, flue gas is with higher flow velocity, enter cyclone separator or be provided with the reactor of eddy flow plate with tangential direction, the water droplet that particle diameter is bigger in the flue gas is separated from flue gas under the rotatablely move centrifugal force that produces and the gravity effect of himself, realize gas, moisture from.This dewatering requires flue gas to have higher flow velocity, and the gas approach flow velocity of cyclone separator is not less than 15 meter per seconds, and the flue gas flow rate of eddy flow plate is not less than 5 meter per seconds; And only can remove the water droplet of greater particle size in the flue gas, dewatering efficiency is low.For low flow velocity (about 1.0 meter per seconds), contain the flue gas of the small water droplet of a large amount of aerosol shapes, its dewatering efficiency is very little, and is almost nil.
Desiccant dehydration is to adopt drier (as: silica gel, calcium chloride, calcium oxide etc.) to absorb the moisture content in the flue gas and the technical scheme that makes fume-dehydrating, this technical scheme dewatering efficiency height, and need not consumption of power and configure dedicated equipment.But be applied to the high wet flue gas of big flow that the disposal of solid incineration of waste produces, the expensive expense that drier consumption is produced, it is unaffordable concentrating incineration disposal factory for low-cost solid waste.
The utility model content
In order to solve the defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of simple in structure, handling safety, can effectively reduce the dew-point temperature and the low condensation dehydrating tower of cost of flue gas.
To achieve these goals, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of condensation dehydrating tower comprises a vertical cylindric tower body, the access door that is communicated with this tower body inner chamber; Its characteristics are: described tower body is provided with gas approach, branch gas tank, cooling water water outlet storage tank, flue gas flow equalizing pipe, shell, cooling water water inlet storage tank, exhanst gas outlet, tower body base, discharge outlet and sewage draining exit from top to bottom;
Wherein, the lower port of gas approach is tightly connected with the air inlet that divides gas tank; The outside of the upper end of cooling water water outlet storage tank and gas approach and branch gas tank joint is affixed, and the upper end of lower end and shell joins; The flue gas flow equalizing pipe is several, and the best is 6; The shape of flue gas flow equalizing pipe is c-shaped, and the upper port of flue gas flow equalizing pipe connects with the sidewall that divides the gas tank air inlet; The sidewall of the lower port of flue gas flow equalizing pipe and shell porch connects; Adjacent two flue gas flow equalizing pipes angle equalization at interval;
Vertically be laid with the tube bank of being made up of some cooling water pipes in the inner chamber of shell, the spacing between adjacent two cooling water pipes is 65~80mm; The upper port of tube bank is communicated with the inner chamber of cooling water water outlet storage tank, and lower port is communicated with the inner chamber of cooling water water inlet storage tank; This cooling water water inlet storage tank is located in the inner chamber of tower body base, and the bottom of its inner chamber is a collecting-tank; A cooling water inlet pipe is equipped with in the bottom of cooling water water inlet storage tank, and the external port break-through of this cooling water inlet pipe is in a sidewall of tower body base; Discharge outlet adopts the hydrocone type discharge outlet, and this hydrocone type discharge outlet break-through is on another sidewall of collecting-tank bottom, and the base plate of tower body base is for tiltedly establishing, and sewage draining exit is opened in the lowest order of base plate; Be positioned at the top of tower body base and described shell and offer vertically upward an exhanst gas outlet side by side;
Tiltedly be provided with the deflector of a ring-type at peripheral and contiguous its upper port place of tube bank, the gradient of ring-type deflector is 30~45 °.
Above-mentioned tube bank is established by the some equidistant mistakes of cooling water pipe and is formed; Described cooling water pipe by the heat exchanger copper pipe, organize retaining ring and the wing plate assembles more; Wherein:
The wing plate is provided with 4, and its height is identical with the height of heat exchanger copper pipe, 4 wing plates respectively be 90 ° of angles parallel be positioned at this heat exchanger copper pipe around; The external diameter of heat exchanger copper pipe is 22mm, and thickness of pipe wall is 1mm;
Many group retaining rings from top to bottom are connected between 4 wing plates and the heat exchanger copper pipe at interval; Retaining ring the best is provided with 5~6 groups, is spaced apart 350~500mm between two groups of retaining rings up and down; Every group of retaining ring is made up of 4 1/4 cone, and this cone osculum end is last, and big opening end is following; The osculum end of 4 1/4 cones all joins with described heat exchanger copper pipe outer wall, and the end opening end is located between 2 wing plates unsettled; The outer surface gradient of this cone is 60 °.
4 1/4 cone is with described heat exchanger copper pipe and 4 wing plates formation cooling water pipe that is welded as a whole.
Outer surface at above-mentioned cooling water water outlet storage tank (3) is laid with heat-insulation layer, and the thickness of this heat-insulation layer is 20~30mm, and material is a rock wool blanket.
Above-mentioned access door is positioned at the middle part of shell.
Also be provided with the demist grid that is used to remove water droplet at above-mentioned exhanst gas outlet with described collecting-tank joint; The material of this demist grid is a corrugated plate regular packing of glass fibre reinforced plastics.
On the sidewall of above-mentioned exhanst gas outlet outer end the on-line temperature monitoring instrument is housed.
Owing to adopted technique scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: 1) owing to adopted the cylindrical column body structure, flue gas enters the branch gas tank by upper inlet, and the flue gas flow equalizing pipe around being uniformly distributed in the branch gas tank enters in the shell of condensation dehydrating tower main body; Cooling water is entered by the cooling water inlet pipe mouth of tower body base setting, enter in the tube bank of forming by some cooling water pipes that vertically is loaded in the shell inner chamber by the cooling water storage tank, cold water carries out heat exchange from the bottom to top through tube bank with tube bank outer wall flue gas from top to bottom; This moment, high-temperature flue-gas descended, and descending flue gas is discharged through the exhanst gas outlet of tower body base; The flue gas of cooling directly enters down the gas cleaning treatment facility one; Cold water temperature stockpiles behind cooling water water outlet storage tank and discharges after raising; Can effectively guarantee the processed of high-temperature flue gas, reduce the flue gas moisture content, reduce the dew-point temperature of flue gas, its simple in structure, handling safety, the flue-gas temperature of discharge can reduce to environment temperature or near environment temperature to guarantee the normal operation of follow-up cleaning equipment.2) some cooling water pipes place in the shell with the tube bank of forming of arranging of stagger arrangement mode, and every cooling water pipe is assembled by heat exchanger copper pipe, wing plate and retaining ring, can make the cold water that flows through in high-temperature flue gas and the some cooling water pipes carry out sufficient heat exchange; Can effectively improve the heat exchange efficiency between hot and cold medium, thereby the temperature that guarantees high-temperature flue gas descends.3) high-temperature flue gas is when minute gas tank, and the steam in the flue gas has begun to condense into water emanates from flue gas, and the taper bucket that falls into the bottom is discharged through drainpipe, thereby has realized gas, moisture stream.4) the tower body base is the collecting-tank of brick mix structure, is the basis of this condensation dehydrating tower, is used for collecting the waste water that flue gas freeze-outs again.Collecting-tank adopts the hydrocone type discharge outlet, both can keep the pond middle water level stable, guarantees to enter down the air-tightness of one treatment process again.Be provided with sewage draining exit at the bottom of the pond, be used to remove the mud foreign material that are deposited at the bottom of the pond.5) the on-line temperature monitoring instrument is housed on the sidewall of flue gas air outlet, can carries out in real time, effectively monitor, and in time adjust cooling water amount to keep the normal operation of condensation dehydrating tower with this to the flue-gas temperature operating mode of outlet.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model condensation dehydrating tower, be vertical cylinder shape tower body, wherein be provided with gas approach 1, branch gas tank 2, cooling water water outlet storage tank 3, heat-insulation layer 4, cooling water outlet 5, drainpipe 6, flue gas flow equalizing pipe 7, shell 8, tube bank 9, access door 10, cooling water water inlet storage tank 11, cooling water intake 12, exhanst gas outlet 13, tower body base 14, hydrocone type discharge outlet 15, sewage draining exit 16, steam drain 17, deflector 18, on-line temperature monitoring instrument 19.
Wherein, access door 10 is positioned at the middle part of tower body; The top of tower body offers gas approach 1, cooling water water outlet storage tank 3 is positioned at the lower end of this gas approach 1, and be tightly connected by the lower end of one fen gas tank 2 with gas approach 1, the outer surface of this cooling water water outlet storage tank 3 is laid with heat-insulation layer 4, and the thickness of this heat-insulation layer is 20~30mm.On the upper end sidewall of cooling water water outlet storage tank 3, vertically be provided with the exhaust outlet 17 that an opening makes progress;
Divide the bottom of gas tank 2 bucket-shaped, the drainpipe 6 that leads in this tower body outside is housed in minute gas tank 2 awl bucket bottoms for awl; The middle part of tower body is provided with a heat exchange body; The bottom connection of the top of this heat exchange body and described cooling water water outlet storage tank 3, its bottom be fixedly installed in the affixed tower body base 14 in ground on; The inner chamber of the inner chamber of heat exchange body and described cooling water water outlet storage tank 3 and tower body base 14 connects; Wherein, the heat exchange body comprises shell 8, and shell 8 inner chambers vertically are laid with tube bank 9, and tube bank 9 is arranged in the stagger arrangement mode by some cooling water pipes and to be assembled, and the spacing between adjacent two cooling water pipes is 65~80mm; The upper port of tube bank 9 communicates with the inner chamber of cooling water water outlet storage tank 3; The lower port of tube bank 9 communicates with cooling water water inlet storage tank 11, and this cooling water water inlet storage tank 11 is located in the inner chamber of tower body base 14; Restraining 9 periphery and be adjacent to the deflector 18 that the upper port place tiltedly is provided with a ring-type, its gradient is 30~45 °; The bottom of cooling water water inlet storage tank 11 be fixed with one with the cooling water inlet pipe 12 of these tower body base 14 exterior;
The flue gas flow equalizing pipe 7 of several c-shaped shapes, side by side and spaced apart the flue gas flow equalizing pipe 7 of this example is provided with 6 on cooling water water outlet storage tank 3 outer walls and shell 8 outer walls, between adjacent 2 flue gas flow equalizing pipes 7 each other 60 ° of angles be provided with; The upper port of flue gas flow equalizing pipe 7 is logical to be located at the sidewall of cooling water water outlet storage tank 3 and to be communicated with the inner chamber of the branch gas tank 2 that is provided with in it; The lower port break-through communicates in the sidewall of shell 8 and with the air inlet of these shell 8 inner chambers;
Tower body base 14 is a brick mix structure, and its inner chamber is for collecting the wastewater collecting basin of dripping behind the flue gas condensing, and the top of this collecting-tank and shell 8 offer opening exhanst gas outlet 13 vertically upward side by side; Offer on the pool wall of collecting-tank one side and the extraneous hydrocone type drainpipe 15 that communicates, the collecting-tank base plate is for tiltedly establishing, and the lowest part of tiltedly establishing base plate with the collecting-tank of these hydrocone type drainpipe 15 homonymies offers and the extraneous sewage draining exit 16 that communicates; The outlet of the outlet of sewage draining exit 16 and hydrocone type drainpipe 15 all falls into the cesspool of collecting-tank outside.
Also be provided with the demist grid (not shown) that is used to remove water droplet at exhanst gas outlet 13 with the collecting-tank joint, the material of this demist grid is a corrugated plate regular packing of glass fibre reinforced plastics; Also being equipped with one on the sidewall of exhanst gas outlet 13 ports can carry out in real time, effectively monitor the flue-gas temperature of outlet, and in time adjusts the injection rate of cooling water, the on-line temperature monitoring instrument 19 of the normal operating condition of maintenance equipment with this.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3, cooling water pipe is assembled with the retaining ring 22 of many groups by heat exchanger copper pipe 20, wing plate 21; Wherein:
Wing plate 21 is provided with 4, and its height is identical with the height of heat exchanger copper pipe, 4 wing plates 21 respectively be 90 ° of angles parallel be positioned at this heat exchanger copper pipe 20 around, a side of 4 wing plates 21 is affixed by the outer wall of spot welding and heat exchanger copper pipe 20; The retaining ring 22 of many groups from top to bottom is connected between 4 wing plates and the heat exchanger copper pipe at interval, and every group of retaining ring is made up of 4 1/4 cone, and the cone osculum end of formation is last, and big opening end is following; The osculum end of 4 1/4 cones is all fixedlyed connected with the outer wall of heat exchanger copper pipe 20, the opposite face welding of 2 wing plates that the dual-side of 1/4 cone is adjacent respectively is fixing, and the end opening end of 4 1/4 cones is located between 2 wing plate opposite faces that are adjacent unsettled respectively;
Retaining ring 22 is set to 5~6 groups, is spaced apart 350~500mm between two groups of retaining rings 22 up and down; The conical surface gradient of 1/4 cone is 60 °.
The retaining ring 22 that 4 1/4 cones constitute is with heat exchanger copper pipe 20 and 4 wing plates 21 cooling water pipe of formation that is welded as a whole.
The heat exchanger copper pipe selects for use the thin material of heat conductivility excellence, smooth surface, wall thickness to make, and the heat-exchanger copper external diameter of pipe of selecting for use in this example is 22mm, and thickness of pipe wall is 1mm.
Operation principle of the present utility model is as follows:
With temperature about 70 ℃, when the moisture content flue gas that is in saturation state enters branch gas tank 2 by gas approach 1, because flue-gas temperature and environment temperature have the bigger temperature difference, therefore, steam in the flue gas has begun to condense into water and has emanated from flue gas, fall into the awl bucket under the branch gas tank 2, discharge through the drainpipe 6 of awl bucket bottom again.Flue gas then enters shell 8 through equally distributed 6 flue gas flow equalizing pipes 7 on minute gas tank 2 outer wall circumference, under the guide functions of deflector 18, flue gas flows from top to bottom with the flow velocity of 0.6~1.0m/sic, enter tower body base 14 inner chamber upper spaces through the equally distributed air outlet in shell 8 bottoms again, discharge this condensation dehydrating tower through exhanst gas outlet 13 again, enter follow-up gas cleaning treatment facility.The water that freeze-outs from flue gas then is collected in the collecting-tank of tower body base 14, is discharged by hydrocone type drainpipe 15 again.
Selecting for use water as the cold medium that absorbs flue gas heat, is in order to strengthen the temperature difference of hot and cold medium, to improve condensation efficiency, and summer is as having ready conditions, underground phreatic water of also optional usefulness or reservoir bottom water.
Cooling water enters cooling water water inlet storage tank 11 by cooling water inlet pipe 12, cooling water water inlet storage tank 11 is connected with tube bank 9, cooling water flow velocity with 0.005~0.008m/sic in tube bank 9 slowly flows from bottom to top, form reverse convection current with the thermal medium flue gas in the shell 8, thereby improve the heat exchange efficiency between hot and cold medium.
Steam in the flue gas is in the surface condensation dewfall of heat exchanger copper pipe 20, wing plate 21, condense into liquid water, surface at heat exchanger copper pipe 20, wing plate 21 forms water membrane, under the induced effect that the gravity effect of water self and flue gas flow from top to bottom, water can be along the surface of heat exchanger copper pipe 20, wing plate 21 to dirty, and the thickness of moisture film is in the thickening gradually from top to bottom of the surface of heat exchanger copper pipe 20, wing plate 21.Because the heat conductivility of water is far below the heat conductivility of heat exchanger copper pipe 20, wing plate 21, therefore, the moisture film on heat exchanger copper pipe 20, wing plate 21 surfaces has reduced the heat exchange efficiency between hot and cold medium, and Here it is so-called " film-type condensation effect ".In order to reduce the influence of film-type condensation effect as far as possible, the heat exchanger copper pipe 20 of the utility model condensation dehydrating tower, wing plate 21 appearances should be tried one's best smooth without hindrance to reduce the resistance of current, simultaneously, under the prerequisite that guarantees mechanical strength, select the thin heat exchanger copper pipe 20 and the wing plate 21 of copper alloy made wall thickness of heat conductivility excellence as far as possible for use.In addition, on heat exchanger copper pipe 20 surfaces, be interrupted the retaining ring 22 that taper is set, make to break away from the surface of heat exchanger copper pipe 20 when flowing to retaining ring 22 places under the moisture film, thereby segmentation reduces the thickness of heat exchanger copper pipe 20 surperficial moisture films effectively, reduces the influence of film-type condensation effect.
Though condensation dehydrating tower import and export flue gas all is in saturation state, flue gas moisture content absolute value declines to a great extent.Such as: flue gas enters the condensation dehydrating tower, and temperature is in the time of 70 ℃, and the moisture content of its saturation state is 240 * 10
3Kg/Nm
3, in summer, 35 ℃ of control exhanst gas outlet temperature, this moment, the moisture content of its saturation state was 44.6 * 10
3Kg/Nm
3, moisture content reduces by 195.4 * 10
3Kg/Nm
3, reduce by 81.42%; In the winter time, 20 ℃ of control exhanst gas outlet temperature, this moment, the moisture content of its saturation state was 18.5 * 10
3Kg/Nm
3, moisture content reduces by 221.5 * 10
3Kg/Nm
3, reduce by 92.29%.
Tower body base 14 is the collecting-tank of brick mix structure, is the basis of condensation dehydrating tower, also is to collect the wastewater collecting basin of dripping behind the flue gas condensing, and the top of this collecting-tank and heat exchange body be vertical side by side to offer the exhanst gas outlet 13 that opening makes progress; Offer on the pool wall of collecting-tank one side and the extraneous discharge outlet that communicates; Discharge outlet adopts the setting of hydrocone type drainpipe 15, both can keep the stable level in this collecting-tank, can guarantee the air-tightness of condensation dehydrating tower again.Be provided with sewage draining exit 16 at the bottom of the pond, be used for removing at any time the mud foreign material that are deposited at the bottom of the pond.