CN201725222U - Small-sized water surface robot device - Google Patents
Small-sized water surface robot device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201725222U CN201725222U CN2010201854641U CN201020185464U CN201725222U CN 201725222 U CN201725222 U CN 201725222U CN 2010201854641 U CN2010201854641 U CN 2010201854641U CN 201020185464 U CN201020185464 U CN 201020185464U CN 201725222 U CN201725222 U CN 201725222U
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a small-sized water surface robot device, which comprises a ship body, a driving device and a control device, wherein the control device comprises a water flow sensor, a navigation device and a central controller; the navigation device comprises a GPS (Global Position System) sensor, an electronic compass and an inertia navigation module and realizes automatic navigation. The utility model has small volume, light weight, energy consumption saving, manual labor saving, low cost and convenient use. The navigation method of the utility model can optimize a running path and saves energy resources and simultaneously prevents turnover and collision and avoids barriers to achieve the goal of stable running.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a surface of water robot device, especially a small-size surface of water robot device with automatic control device.
Background
The water surface robot is also called an unmanned ship, namely an unmanned intelligent water surface platform, and can carry various monitoring and exploration equipment for different applications. The application of which is currently being gradually popularized. For a water surface robot which needs to run completely autonomously without human control, a navigation method is very important. The navigation algorithm means that after the navigation algorithm is input to the destination of the unmanned ship, the water surface robot drives to the destination according to the position of the water surface robot. During the period, the mathematical operation is carried out, and the self propeller and the rudder (if the ship body is provided with double propellers, the differential speed of the two propellers is adjusted) are given instructions, and the instructions are continuously corrected to finally reach the destination.
At present, no optimized navigation method specially aiming at a small water surface robot (the length is about 1 meter) exists. The small-sized water surface robot has small volume and light weight, is greatly influenced by water flow during navigation, and is often difficult to walk out of a preset route. Current navigation methods all maintain each bow aligned to a destination at each time. When the water surface robot sails on the water surface, the water surface robot can be influenced by water flow. In the current navigation algorithm, the influence of water flow is generally overcome by correcting the direction of a ship in real time because the water flow is inconvenient to be accurately measured by a sensor when the water-surface robot runs. Thus, the path of the vessel from the starting point to the end point will be a curve, the curvature of which depends mainly on the water velocity, the vessel speed and the correction frequency. Typically for small unmanned vessels, this curvature is relatively large due to the limitations of maximum speed and mass of the vessel itself. Thereby increasing unnecessary power consumption and extending the time to reach the destination. When the water surface fluctuation is large, if the small water surface robot is too fast, the rotation angle is too large, the ship can be turned over. If an obstacle is encountered, a crash situation may also occur.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a small-size surface of water robot device with automatic control device.
The purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the small water surface robot device comprises a ship body, a driving device and a control device, wherein the driving device and the control device are arranged on the ship body;
the navigation device comprises a GPS satellite positioning sensor, an electronic compass and an inertial navigation module;
the navigation device is in circuit connection with the central controller;
the control device is connected with the driving device through a circuit and realizes automatic navigation of the ship body.
As the preferred technical scheme of the utility model, inertial navigation module includes triaxial gyroscope or triaxial acceleration sensor.
As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, controlling means still includes radar and laser rangefinder sensor.
As the preferred technical scheme of the utility model, drive arrangement includes battery and driving motor.
The utility model has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses small-size surface of water robot's small, light in weight adopt electric drive, and self pollution-free emission compares large-scale ship, has not only practiced thrift the energy consumption, has saved the manpower, and the cost is lower moreover.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a turning schematic diagram of the small-sized water surface robot of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the angular velocity ω and the displacement d of the small-sized water surface robot in the time Δ t of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention at time t toward ht.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a ship body, 2 parts of a central controller, 3 parts of a GPS satellite positioning sensor, 4 parts of an inertial navigation module, 5 parts of a radar, 6 parts of a laser ranging sensor, 7 parts of a water flow velocity sensor, 8 parts of a driving motor, 9 parts of a battery and 10 parts of an electronic compass.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the small-sized water surface robot device comprises a ship body 1, and a driving device and a control device which are arranged on the ship body 1, wherein the control device comprises a water flow rate sensor 7, a navigation device and a central controller 2; the navigation device comprises a GPS satellite positioning sensor 3, an electronic compass 10 and an inertial navigation module 4; the navigation device is in circuit connection with the central controller 2; the control device is connected with the driving device circuit and realizes automatic navigation of the ship body 1.
In this embodiment, the inertial navigation module 4 includes a three-axis gyroscope or a three-axis acceleration sensor. The control device further comprises a radar 5 and a laser ranging sensor 6. The drive means comprise a battery 9 and a drive motor 8.
A self-adaptive water flow optimization navigation method of a small-sized water surface robot comprises the following steps:
(1) the small-sized water surface robot receives a signal of the GPS positioning sensor through the central controller to obtain an absolute coordinate of the small-sized water surface robot;
(2) the central controller receives signals of the inertial navigation module to obtain the acceleration and the angular velocity of the small-sized water surface robot, and integrates the obtained acceleration or angular velocity to obtain real-time velocity and angle;
(3) the central controller receives data of the laser ranging sensor or the radar and judges the distance between the central controller and a front obstacle;
(4) the central controller receives data of the electronic compass and obtains a forward direction;
(5) the central controller receives the data of the water flow velocity sensor and obtains the velocity of the water flow.
(6) And after the central controller processes the obtained data, the course of the small-sized water surface robot is controlled through the driving device and the steering device.
The utility model discloses a small-size surface of water robot includes following several kinds of abilities.
Self-adaptive water flow navigation:
when the central controller of the small-sized water surface robot receives the geographical coordinates of the destination in a certain mode, the current longitude and latitude coordinates are read from the GPS receiver and are converted into the origin of the horizontal and vertical coordinates. The small surface robot will then read its own heading from the electronic compass and control the drive and steering devices by calculation.
In the driving process, at regular time intervals, the central controller reads the current longitude and latitude coordinates from the GPS receiver and converts the current longitude and latitude coordinates into a horizontal and vertical coordinate system taking the starting point as the origin to obtain the position coordinate X of the current k momentk，Yk(ii) a Meanwhile, the central controller reads the orientation h of the current k moment from the electronic compassk. Therefore, the central controller can calculate the deflection angle of the small water surface robot at the moment k. Through the mathematical model of the small-sized water surface robot, the commands of the power device and the steering device before the next time interval k +1 can be calculated.
The mathematical model is based on some static equations obtained by hydrostatic experiments. For example, the relationship between the turning radius r and the angular velocity ω and the propeller rotation speed v and the rudder angle θ, or the relationship between the turning radius r and the angular velocity ω and the propeller rotation speeds v1 and v2 (twin propellers). The mathematical expression is as follows,
At time t, the position is (Xt, Yt) and the orientation is ht. Assuming that the control command does not change, after a short time Δ t, the position can be calculated as:
d is the displacement of the small-sized water surface robot in delta t time. The magnitude of d is related to the radius of the circular motion, i.e. to the propeller speed and the magnitude of the rudder angle. We can get the corresponding values of the following functions by hydrostatic testing:
d＝d(r)
based on the above, we can further derive the control model of the small-sized water surface robot to accurately reach the destination. For a single-propeller small-sized water surface robot, a three-degree-of-freedom nonlinear static mathematical model is as follows:
wherein,
wk～N(0，Qk)，xkis the true state at time k and is derived from the state at time (k-1). u. ofkIndicating the control command from (k-1) to time k.
The noise of the GPS receiver and the electronic compass can be modeled as white gaussian noise. We implement a kalman filter to reduce this type of noise. The measurement model of the nonlinear system is:
zk＝h(xk)+mk；mk～N(0，Rk)
the kalman filter is divided into two stages. In the first stage (prediction stage), we predict the next state and prediction error covariance with the following equations:
Pk|k-1＝FkPk-1|k-1Fk T+Qk-1
in the second phase (update phase), the GPS and electronic compass data are updated, and the Kalman gain, the true state and the true error covariance are also updated synchronously:
Kk＝Pk|k-1Hk T(HkPk|k-1Hk T+Rk)-1
xk|k＝xk|k-1+Kk(zk-Hkxk|k-1)
Pk|k＝(I-KkHk)Fk|k-1
in practice, the small-sized water surface robot is very sensitive to the influence of water flow due to its light weight and small volume. We add a water flow differential to the mathematical model to offset the effect of water flow on the predictive model. We assume that the direction and speed of the water flow at the time of two adjacent states k-1 and k are constant. This assumption is very realistic and also simplifies our computational effort. We predict state xk|k-1Adjusted to add the previous state of the water flow zk-1-xk-1|k-2。
xk|k＝xk|k-1+zk-1-xk-1|k-2+Kk(zk-h(xk|k-1+zk-1-xk-1|k-2))
By strict mathematical reasoning, the above equation can be proved to be convergent. It is stated that the above equation can act to counteract the effect of the water flow.
Different from the traditional method for keeping the ship bow aligned with the destination in real time, the algorithm does not calibrate the direction of the ship bow, but calculates the ideal ship bow according to the current condition of the previous state
And by an inverse function g-1Find out
Or
So that at time k, the position of the small surface robot remains as far as possible on the line connecting the destination and the starting point, instead of the line connecting the position at time k-1 and the destination. Therefore, the running efficiency of the small water surface robot is greatly improved, and the running path of the small water surface robot is very close to a straight line, so that the electric quantity and the time are saved.
Anti-rollover capability:
at regular intervals, the central controller reads angular velocity data from the three-cycle gyroscope and calculates the rolling and pitching angles of the small water surface robot through integration. When the stormy waves are too big, if the speed of the small water surface robot is too high or the rotation angle is too big, the small water surface robot can turn over dangerously. And defining a safe critical angle of rolling and pitching, and if any one current angle exceeds a safe value, indicating that the small-sized water surface robot is in danger of overturning. At this time, the central controller will make the small-sized water surface robot depart from the dangerous situation by reducing the speed of the power device, reducing the steering angle of the steering device and the like.
When electromagnetic interference occurs, if the electronic compass jumps, the small-sized water surface robot integrates the angular speed detected by the gyroscope with time, calculates the rotating angle of the small-sized water surface robot, and accumulates the rotating angle to the angle before the jump of the electronic compass. The ship will not lose direction sense at any time. When the electronic compass can be matched with the angle calculated by the central processing unit within a long time, the electromagnetic interference disappears.
When the GPS receiver of the small water surface robot loses signals, the central processing unit integrates the data of the acceleration sensor with time, and the change of the speed of the small water surface robot in three spatial directions can be monitored. The change value of the speed is superposed with the speed recorded when the signal is lost, and the central processing unit can accurately calculate the change of the coordinate of the small-sized water surface robot.
Obstacle avoidance capability:
at regular intervals, the central controller receives data from the radar, calculates the position of the obstacle at a far position, and then calculates to know whether the obstacle moves. If not, the central controller can plan the path again to bypass the barrier; if the obstacle is moving, the central controller will continue to move forward. After the vehicle moves forwards continuously, the barrier is driven out, so that collision cannot be caused; or already close to the small surface robot, which is not recognized by the radar because of too close distance. The central control can confirm that the obstacle has no collision risk or has no emission command through the laser ranging sensor, stop the power device and the steering device and wait for the obstacle to leave.
Claims (4)
1. A small-sized water surface robot device comprises a ship body, a driving device and a control device, wherein the driving device and the control device are arranged on the ship body, and the small-sized water surface robot device is characterized in that: the control device comprises a water flow velocity sensor, a navigation device and a central controller;
the navigation device comprises a GPS satellite positioning sensor, an electronic compass and an inertial navigation module;
the navigation device is in circuit connection with the central controller;
the control device is connected with the driving device through a circuit and realizes automatic navigation of the ship body.
2. A compact water surface robotic device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the inertial navigation module comprises a three-axis gyroscope or a three-axis acceleration sensor.
3. A compact water surface robotic device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the control device also comprises a radar and a laser ranging sensor.
4. A compact water surface robotic device as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the driving device comprises a battery and a driving motor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010201854641U CN201725222U (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Small-sized water surface robot device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010201854641U CN201725222U (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Small-sized water surface robot device |
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| CN201725222U true CN201725222U (en) | 2011-01-26 |
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| CN2010201854641U Expired - Lifetime CN201725222U (en) | 2010-05-10 | 2010-05-10 | Small-sized water surface robot device |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101833335A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 珠海云洲智能科技有限公司 | Small-size water surface robot device and self-adaptive flow optimizing navigation method |
| CN107830860A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of unmanned boat lifting recovery visual guide method |
-
2010
- 2010-05-10 CN CN2010201854641U patent/CN201725222U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101833335A (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2010-09-15 | 珠海云洲智能科技有限公司 | Small-size water surface robot device and self-adaptive flow optimizing navigation method |
| CN101833335B (en) * | 2010-05-10 | 2013-10-30 | 珠海云洲智能科技有限公司 | Small-size water surface robot device and self-adaptive flow optimizing navigation method |
| CN107830860A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-23 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of unmanned boat lifting recovery visual guide method |
| CN107830860B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-09-27 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of unmanned boat lifting recycling visual guide method |
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Granted publication date: 20110126 |