Activated carbon adsorber
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of gas cleaning treating apparatus, particularly a kind ofly can effectively adsorb De bioxin and heavy metal ion in the flue gas, exceeds the activated carbon adsorber that increases SR again.
Background technology
Industry standard " clinical waste centrally disposes engineering construction technical specification (Press release) " requirement (HJ/T175-2005) according to national environmental protection cloth promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government, removal to De bioxin, heavy metal in the flue gas " can spray into active carbon or porous adsorbent at the flue between neutralization reactor and the sack cleaner, active carbon or porous adsorbent bed body also can be set behind sack cleaner ".
Active carbon be use the earliest, a kind of superior adsorbent that purposes is wider, be a kind of have apolar surfaces, hydrophobicity and close organic adsorbent.Its pore-size distribution generally below 50 λ, specific area 700~1500m
2/ g has good selection adsorption capacity, is commonly used to the purified treatment industrial wastewater or administers some gaseous contaminant aspect environmental protection.In purified treatment solid waste (containing clinical waste, hazardous waste and domestic waste etc.) incineration disposal, produce have the flue gas of pollutants such as bioxin, heavy metal the time, charcoal absorption is widely used in removing pollutants such as De bioxin, heavy metal in the flue gas.
Yet charcoal absorption is reversible physical absorption, that is: absorbate is a fluid, and by charcoal absorption, absorbate desorbs again under high-temperature low-pressure under certain temperature and pressure, and the active carbon inner surface restores to the original state.Adsorption phenomena with this characteristic also is referred to as " Van der Waals absorption " in academia.
Introduce according to another interrelated data and Activated Carbon Production producer, the temperature of working environment and relative humidity are bigger to the adsorption capacity influence of active carbon.The relative humidity of working environment is bigger, temperature is below 40 ℃ the time, the adsorption capacity of active carbon is the strongest, can obtain the optimal adsorption effect, along with the rising of operating ambient temperature, its adsorption capacity gradually descends, when operating ambient temperature is elevated to 100 ℃, active carbon not only completely loses adsorption capacity, also will discharge the poisonous and harmful substance of absorption.
At present, domestic most solid refuse (containing clinical waste, hazardous waste and domestic waste etc.) incineration disposal factory (field) according to the industry standard " clinical waste centrally disposes engineering construction technical specification (Press release) " of national environmental protection cloth promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government (HJ/T177-2005) or " hazardous waste centrally disposes engineering construction technical specification (Press release) " requirement (HJ/T176-2005) takes the flue between neutralization reactor and sack cleaner to spray into the mode of active carbon to remove De bioxin, heavy metal in the flue gas.Yet, for preventing flue gas dewfall in sack cleaner, causing and stick with paste the bag accident and influence the sack cleaner operate as normal, the flue-gas temperature that will go into sack cleaner is controlled at more than 130 ℃.Though this measure can be avoided smoke condensation, guarantee the sack cleaner operate as normal, yet active carbon is in this temperature environment, its adsorption capacity completely loses.
Moreover, under the hot environment more than 100 ℃, the active carbon that sprays into has formed the adsorption layer that one deck has no adsorption capacity on the filter bag surface, suddenly increases the flowing resistance of sack cleaner, be forced to strengthen the intensity and the frequency of deashing, cause shorten greatly the service life of filter bag.
And if take the mode of " active carbon or porous adsorbent bed body are set " behind sack cleaner, then excessive because of its resistance, SR is heightened, even surpass the negative pressure limit (being generally 5000Pa) that bag-type duster filtering bag can bear, the consequence that causes life of bag filter to shorten greatly.Yet, more debatablely be:
One, the flue gas more than 130 ℃ by sack cleaner after temperature can decrease, but the range of decrease can be very not big, therefore, the flue-gas temperature that goes out sack cleaner still can be more than 100 ℃, and the adsorption capacity and the adsorption efficiency of active carbon under this temperature had to troubling;
Two, after active-carbon bed body places sack cleaner, the active carbon fine particles of being carried under one's arms by flue gas again can not capture, become the solid grain contamination in the flue gas, might make this purify the emission limit that dust contained flue gas concentration up to standard exceeds national Specification once more.
The utility model content
In order to solve the defective that exists in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of can effectively adsorb De bioxin and heavy metal ion in the flue gas, exceeds the activated carbon adsorber that increases SR again.
To achieve these goals, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of activated carbon adsorber includes tower body, is positioned at gas approach, exhanst gas outlet on the tower body, inspection operation platform and access door; Its characteristics are: this tower body is that a pair of adsorption tower perpendicular to ground constitutes, and is respectively a tower and two towers; The middle part that described inspection operation platform is surrounded on two described adsorption tower peripheries is provided with; Described gas approach is positioned on the sidewall of a described top of tower, and described exhanst gas outlet is positioned on the sidewall of described two tops of tower; The base that is provided with passage in the bottom of a described tower and described two towers in by one interconnects, and this passage is interconnected a described tower inner chamber and described two tower inner chambers; In a described tower inner chamber and described two tower inner chambers, all be covered with acticarbon bed body is arranged.
Above-mentioned acticarbon bed body comprises several absorbing cylinders and the fixing netted hanger used of absorbing cylinder; Wherein, the profile of netted hanger is identical with the shape of place tower body inner chamber horizontal plane, and the circumference of this netted hanger is horizontally fixed on the sidewall of this tower body circumference by bolt; Several absorbing cylinders vertically are provided with in this tower body inner chamber, and the upper end of described absorbing cylinder is hung on respectively in the corresponding mesh of described netted hanger; Cavity wall all is pasted with described NACF carpet veneer in cavity wall and described two towers in a described tower.
The mesh quantity of above-mentioned netted hanger is identical with the quantity of the described absorbing cylinder hung on it.
The skeleton of above-mentioned absorbing cylinder is rolled by a checkered sheet and forms, and the upper end of this absorbing cylinder and the place of hanging of described netted hanger are provided with hook, is provided with the inner ring that supports this skeleton in the horizontal interval from top to bottom in the inboard of described skeleton; The outside at described skeleton vertically is coated with the NACF carpet veneer; The outside at described NACF felt top, bottom outside and the outside, middle part are fixed with the outer ring respectively.
Be equipped with the on-line temperature monitoring instrument on the external port of above-mentioned gas approach and the external port of described exhanst gas outlet.
An above-mentioned tower side wall and two tower side walls bend by steel plate and form, and all are laid with heat-insulation layer in the outside of this steel plate, are equipped with fiberglass reinforced plastics layer and NACF carpet veneer in succession at the steel plate inwall.
Above-mentioned heat-insulation layer is the calcium silicate board with microporous material, and its thickness is 20 millimeters; Described fiberglass reinforced plastics layer thickness is 2 millimeters; Described NACF carpet veneer thickness is 1.2 millimeters.
With the middle part and the bottom of bottom and two towers access door is housed respectively at above-mentioned tower middle part; Wherein, 3 access doors are equipped with at the place at least in the inspection operation position of platform, at a tower bottom and two tower bottoms 1 access door are housed respectively.
Owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the utlity model has following beneficial effect: the flue-gas temperature that 1) enters activated carbon adsorber is controlled at below 40 ℃ usually, moisture content is in the critical point of saturation state, the cross-sectional flow of flue gas in adsorption tower is controlled at 0.4~0.6m/sic, make the time of staying of flue gas in adsorption tower reach 12~15 seconds, created the best effort environment of giving full play to adsorption capacity for De bioxin, heavy metal ion in the charcoal absorption flue gas, sufficient touch opportunity and enough adsorption times are provided; 2) selected for use novel efficient sorbing material-NACF felt as adsorbent; various inorganic and organic gas, organic matter, heavy metal ion etc. had the bigger adsorbance and the rate of adsorption faster; its adsorption capacity exceeds 1~10 times than general active carbon, and particularly the adsorbance to some odorants will exceed about 40 times than granular activated carbon.For hazardous contaminants such as De bioxin and heavy metal ion in the thorough removal flue gas have been established material base; 3) acticarbon bed body is evenly to be suspended in the tower body, and upper and lower penetrating, the absorbing cylinder of NACF felt is pasted on the surface, has characteristics such as adsorption surface area is big, flowing resistance is little, the renewal of bed body is simple and convenient; 4) double tower body structure of the present utility model has formed the active carbon second adsorption, not only helps improving adsorption efficiency, and helps making full use of the charcoal absorption material, reduces operating cost; 5) the adsorption tower sidewall adopts the steel plate materials manufacturing, is laid with heat-insulation layer at the steel plate outer surface, can effectively avoid the interior flue gas of adsorption tower to be subjected to the influence of ambient temperature and to produce the dewfall phenomenon; And the medial surface of steel plate adopts fiberglass reinforced plastics (fiberglass) to make corrosion-proof lining earlier, pastes the NACF felt on its surface again, both can prolong the service life of equipment, has increased the charcoal absorption surface area again.6) be particularly suitable for the flue gas that has pollutants such as bioxin, heavy metal that produces in solid waste (containing clinical waste, hazardous waste and the domestic waste etc.) incineration disposal is carried out purified treatment; Also can be applicable to the industry that produces stench or contain the tail gas of pollutants such as organic matter, heavy metal ion, can solve the smoke pollution after the incinerations of waste such as handling domestic waste safely, effectively, the protection environment is not subjected to secondary pollution, is of value to promotion and implementation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure profile of the utility model embodiment
Fig. 2 is a tower body side wall construction profile
Fig. 3 is the absorbing cylinder section of structure
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the utility model activated carbon adsorber is a vertical pair of cylinder type housing structure of bottom disjunctor, and this tower body is that a pair of adsorption tower perpendicular to ground constitutes, and is respectively a tower 5 ' and two towers 5; On the top of a tower 5 ' is gas approach section 2, is equipped with on gas approach section 2 one sidewalls and the extraneous flue gas inlet tube that communicates; On the top of two towers 5 is exhanst gas outlet section 2 ', is equipped with on exhanst gas outlet section 2 ' one sidewall and the extraneous smoke outlet tube that communicates; The port outside at flue gas inlet tube is equipped with on-line temperature monitoring instrument 8 respectively with the port outside of smoke outlet tube; Vertically being covered with in the inner chamber in a tower 5 ' stage casing has several absorbing cylinders 4, inner chamber and gas approach section 2 joint levels in a tower 5 ' stage casing are equipped with a netted hanger 3, netted hanger 3 is discoid, its diameter is identical with the internal diameter size of a tower 5 ', the circumference of netted hanger 3 is fixed on the tower wall of a tower 5 ' by bolt, hook is equipped with on each absorbing cylinder 4 top, several absorbing cylinders 4 by its top hook and netted hanger 3 corresponding grids in articulate, the spacing between adjacent 2 absorbing cylinders 4 is 30mm; The absorbing cylinder of establishing in two towers 5, netted hanger, several absorbing cylinders are all identical with a tower 5 ' with the mode that articulates of netted hanger; The base 6 that is provided with passage at the opposite side of a tower 5 ' bottom and two towers, 5 bottoms in by one interconnects, and this passage is interconnected the inner chamber and two towers, 5 inner chambers of a tower 5 '; In a described tower inner chamber and described two tower inner chambers, all be covered with acticarbon bed body is arranged.
The periphery that inspection operation platform 9 is surrounded on a tower 5 ' and two towers, 5 middle parts is horizontally disposed with, offer access door respectively at the Ta Bichu of the relative tower 5 ' of this inspection operation platform 9 and the tower wall place of two towers 5, the access door 7 at two towers, 5 tower wall places is for to offer 3 along this tower wall equal angles; It is all identical with two towers 5 to offer access door and installation site on one tower 5 '; Also offer access door in the tower wall bottom of a tower 5 ' and the tower wall bottom of two towers 5.
As shown in Figure 2, the tower wall of a tower 5 ' and two towers 5 is the cylinder type steel construction piece.The outer surface of steel plate 10 has laid heat-insulation layer 1, the material selection calcium silicate board with microporous of heat-insulation layer 1; The setting of this heat-insulation layer 1 can avoid the interior flue gas of tower to be subjected to the influence of ambient temperature and to produce the dewfall phenomenon; Medial surface at steel plate 10 is equipped with fiberglass reinforced plastics 11 and NACF felt 12 successively; Wherein, fiberglass reinforced plastics 11 uses as corrosion-proof lining, NACF felt 12 is pasted on the inner surface of fiberglass reinforced plastics 11, the stickup of NACF felt 12, constitute the internal chamber wall of this tower body, can increase the surface area of charcoal absorption, also can effectively prolong the service life of this adsorption tower equipment simultaneously.Heat-insulation layer 1 is not only installed on the tower body sidewall, and the curved roof outer surface at the tower body top also is provided with heat-insulation layer 1.
It is structural carbon steel (Q235A) that above-mentioned steel plate adopts model, and thickness is 8 millimeters steel plate; Heat-insulation layer 1 adopts the calcium silicate board with microporous material, and its thickness is 20 millimeters; Above-mentioned fiberglass reinforced plastics layer 11 thickness are 2 millimeters; Above-mentioned NACF carpet veneer thickness is 1.2 millimeters.
As shown in Figure 3, absorbing cylinder 4 adopts steel plate bending to become tubular skeleton 15, outer wall at this tubular skeleton 15 is coated with layer of active carbon fibrofelt 12, on the top of this absorbing cylinder 4, the outer surface that is coated with NACF felt 12 is set with the fixing outer ring 14 of NACF felt 12, all every being provided with at least 3 outer rings 14, be socketed on top, bottom and centre at the outer surface of each absorbing cylinder 4 respectively; On the inwall of tubular skeleton 15, be arranged at intervals with 2 inner rings 16; Be provided with hook 13 on the top of absorbing cylinder 4, absorbing cylinder 4 by link up with 13 be suspended on netted hanger 3 corresponding grids on; Several are hung vertically in the absorbing cylinder 4 of a tower and two tower inner chambers, and the NACF felt 12 that a NACF felt 12 that its absorbing cylinder 4 outer walls coat and an inner wall of tower and two inner wall of tower are pasted has constituted the acticarbon bed body of the utility model activated carbon adsorber; Because absorbing cylinder 4 is upper and lower penetrating, the flow of flue gas resistance is minimum, helps reducing the SR of flue gas chilling, udst separation treatment system, and makes this acticarbon bed body more simple and convenient.
NACF felt 12 adopts commercially available NACF felt.
Operation principle of the present utility model is:
Flue gas before entering activated carbon adsorber through cooling, purified treatment such as over-quenching, depickling, dehydrations, when entering activated carbon adsorber, below 40 ℃, moisture content is in the critical point of saturation state to its temperature, has created the best effort environment of giving full play to adsorption capacity for active carbon;
Adsorbent has selected for use specific area big, and various inorganic and organic gas, organic matter, heavy metal ion etc. are had the bigger adsorbance and the NACF felt 12 of the rate of adsorption faster;
NACF felt 12 is selected to be mixed and made into superfine active coke fines and cellulose, artificial silk, paper pulp etc.This is a kind of more novel high-efficiency adsorbent; range of micropores is at 0.5~1.4nm; specific area is big; various inorganic and organic gas, organic matter, heavy metal ion etc. had the bigger adsorbance and the rate of adsorption faster; its adsorption capacity exceeds 1~10 times than general active carbon, and particularly the adsorbance to some odorants will exceed about 40 times than granular activated carbon.For hazardous contaminants such as De bioxin and heavy metal ion in the thorough removal flue gas have been established material base; Good sorbing material has guaranteed the absorption property of equipment excellence;
Double tower body structure of the present utility model has formed the active carbon second adsorption, and flue gas enters a tower 5 ', and air-flow flows from top to bottom, finishes once absorption; Through base 6, flue gas enters two towers 5, and air-flow changes the flow direction, changes into from bottom to top and flowing, and finishes second adsorption.Because hazardous contaminants such as acticarbon bed body absorption De bioxin in the tower 5 ' and heavy metal ion are far away more than two towers 5, when the acticarbon of a tower 5 ' reaches capacity, the acticarbon of two towers 5 still can continue to use, for this reason, can make former two towers 5 into a tower 5 ', make two towers 5 into after a former tower 5 ' is changed acticarbon.So, not only help improving adsorption efficiency, and help making full use of the charcoal absorption material, reduce operating cost.
Acticarbon bed body is for evenly being suspended in the tower body, and is upper and lower penetrating, and the absorbing cylinder of NACF felt is pasted on the surface, has that adsorption surface area is big, the flow of flue gas resistance is minimum, the bed body upgrades characteristics such as simple and convenient;
The adsorption tower sidewall adopts the steel plate materials manufacturing, is laid with heat-insulation layer 1 at the steel plate outer surface, can effectively avoid the interior flue gas of adsorption tower to be subjected to the influence of ambient temperature and to produce the dewfall phenomenon; And the medial surface of steel plate adopts fiberglass reinforced plastics (fiberglass) 11 to make corrosion-proof lining earlier, pastes NACF felt 12 on its surface again, both can prolong the service life of equipment, has increased the charcoal absorption surface area again.
The NACF felt 12 that absorbing cylinder of evenly hanging in the tower body 4 and tower body medial surface are pasted provides huge adsorption surface area for flue gas.The cross-sectional flow of flue gas in tower is controlled at 0.4~0.6m/sic in addition, and the time of staying of flue gas in tower reaches 12~15 seconds, for De bioxin, heavy metal ion in the charcoal absorption flue gas provide sufficient touch opportunity and enough adsorption times;
The appearance of one tower 5 ' and two tower bodies 5 has all been laid heat-insulation layer 1, has effectively avoided flue gas in the tower to be subjected to the influence of ambient temperature and the dewfall phenomenon that produces;
Base 6 is a brick mix structure, is the basis of activated carbon adsorber, is again exhaust gases passes; Inner surface at base 6 is pasted with NACF felt 12, to increase the charcoal absorption surface area.