CN201681406U - Fingerprint identification system based on pressure sense fingerprint acquisition and DSP algorithm - Google Patents
Fingerprint identification system based on pressure sense fingerprint acquisition and DSP algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- CN201681406U CN201681406U CN2010201545262U CN201020154526U CN201681406U CN 201681406 U CN201681406 U CN 201681406U CN 2010201545262 U CN2010201545262 U CN 2010201545262U CN 201020154526 U CN201020154526 U CN 201020154526U CN 201681406 U CN201681406 U CN 201681406U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fingerprint identification system, in particular to a fingerprint identification system based on pressure sense fingerprint acquisition and DSP algorithm; the fingerprint identification system comprises a fingerprint acquisition unit, a fingerprint identification unit and a storage unit, a first communication bus is connected between the fingerprint acquisition unit and the fingerprint identification unit, a second communication bus is connected between the fingerprint identification unit and the storage unit, a fingerprint acquisition module comprises a pressure sense semiconductor fingerprint sensor, the storage unit comprises a ZBTSRAM storage device, the fingerprint identification unit comprises a ZBTSRAM controller; in the utility model, the fingerprint prominent identification processing algorithm is optimized by the advanced system level optimization design theory, so as to lead the minitype module unit of the DSP chip to realize seamless treatment of arithmetic data stream of the fingerprint identification system by an external connection device, the volume of the module is small, the speed is rapid and the data information amount is high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of fingerprint recognition system, especially relates to a kind of fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm process.
Background technology
The fingerprint recognition product is a product that technology content is very high, and it is not the product of a kind of what is called ' plug and play ', but can use after needing the professional through special installation, debugging.In recent years, the biometrics identification technology in the whole world turned to the application stage from conceptual phase, just carried out like a raging firely to this Study on Technology and application, and prospect is very wide.The human body biological characteristics recognition technology is a new and high technology that development prospect is fabulous; adopted by some mechanisms and consumer gradually; become a kind of more and more welcome safety precautions, the safety guarantee from the protection Bank Account Number to company etc. all can adopt correlation technique.Along with society to improving constantly that identification requires, the important performance of this technology will show especially day by day.
After 911 incidents, along with the reinforcement of awareness of safety, people have produced huge interest to biometrics identification technology, comprise government department, enterprise etc., make this technology also have huge market potential.The product that has reached 3,400,000,000 dollars by 2007 is taken in, the industrial community prediction shows, whole living things feature recognition market can continue to increase, and international biological characteristic is organized IBG(International Biometric Group) biometrics identification technology has been done more detailed market analysis and market forecast.According to the 2007-2012 whole world bio-identification market report prediction of IBG issue, will be to the scale in global bio-identification market in 2012 above 7,400,000,000 dollars.Wherein fingerprint identification technology on market still in the highest flight.
At present, the price of living things feature recognition product reduces, and is the result of technical progress on the one hand, is because there is more businessman to enter this market on the other hand.Can predict, in the near future, biometrics identification technology will be applied to the every field of live and work more and more widely.From the market situation in past 10 years, being most widely used of fingerprint recognition and palm shape recognition technology, fingerprint identification technology has occupied bigger advantage, seems to be accepted for masses as the means of identification are easier with hand.Main living things feature recognition product all is based on fingerprint identification technology basically on the home market, and the product of fingerprint recognition also has been applied to many aspects.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide the fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm that a kind of volume is little, speed fast, the data message amount is big.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, first technical scheme that the utility model adopted is:
A kind of fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm, comprise fingerprint collecting unit, fingerprint identification unit and storage unit, be connected with first communication bus between fingerprint collecting unit and the fingerprint identification unit, be connected with the second communication bus between fingerprint identification unit and the storage unit, finger print acquisition module comprises a pressure-sensitive semiconductor fingerprint sensor, storage unit comprises ZBT SRAM storer, and fingerprint identification unit comprises a ZBT SRAM controller.
Native system adopts ZBT SRAM storer, by efficiently utilizing system bus, carries out random read-write, avoided the change-over period between the read-write state, eliminated read-write and postponed, actual data transfer rate is significantly improved, in addition, it is big that ZBT SRAM storer also has a capacity, can dynamically adjust the characteristics of output state according to the requirement of custom system,, improve system bandwidth by eliminating periods of inactivity, simultaneously, reduced the requirement of communication system to system timing; ZBT SRAM controller has solved the bus contention problem when carrying out data communication between other modules of ZBT SRAM storer and system.
Technique scheme can also be further perfect, and as preferably, ZBT SRAM controller comprises interface circuit transport layer, streamline time-delay control module, address control output module, clock output control module and data storage passage.Interface circuit transport layer storage user's input, and output signal; Streamline time-delay control module provides suitable delay time according to the mode of operation of ZBT SRAM storer for output data; Address control output module is used for address and control signal are stored; The data storage passage is used for providing two-way control to the storage of data.
As preferably, fingerprint identification unit comprises a fingerprint sensor controller that is connected with finger print acquisition module.The fingerprint sensor controller is used to control finger print acquisition module to carry out the finger print information collection and carries out the A/D conversion to collecting finger print data.When the finger presses fingerprint sensor, the fingerprint sensor of fingerprint sensor controller control fingerprint identification unit carries out the collection of finger print information, and the data transmission after the A/D conversion is arrived ZBT SRAM storer.
As preferably, fingerprint identification unit also comprises a dsp processor algoritic module, and the dsp processor algoritic module is communicated by letter with the fingerprint sensor controller.The dsp processor algoritic module is used to carry out pre-service, feature extraction and the fingerprint comparison of fingerprint, and the pre-service of fingerprint adopts fingerprint to judge processes such as filtering, figure image intensifying, image binaryzation.
As preferably, it also comprises a FLASH storer that is connected on the fingerprint identification unit outward, deposits finger print data on it.Native system adopts external FLASH storer to deposit finger print data.
As preferably, fingerprint identification unit also comprises a FLASH controller, and the FLASH controller is communicated by letter with the dsp processor algoritic module.The FLASH controller provides interface and the realization real-time calling with the FLASH storer.
Because the employing of technique scheme the utlity model has following advantage:
The utility model highlights the identification Processing Algorithm with fingerprint and is optimized design through advanced system-level optimal design theory, the miniaturization modular unit that uses dsp chip to be implemented, realize the seamless processing of the algorithm data stream of fingerprint recognition system by external pressure sensitivity fingerprint capturer, ZBT SRAM storer, FLASH storer, the module volume is little, speed fast, the data message amount is big, and the utility model may be used on fields such as safety detection, computing machine, network, identification.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit block diagram of fingerprint collecting of the present utility model unit, fingerprint sensor controller, ZBT SRAM controller;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of ZBT SRAM controller of the present utility model;
Wherein: 1, fingerprint collecting unit; 2, fingerprint identification unit; 21, fingerprint sensor controller; 22, dsp processor algoritic module; 23, ZBT SRAM controller; 3, storage unit; 4, FLASH storer.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solution of the utility model is described in further detail.
Embodiment:
See also a kind of fingerprint recognition system shown in Figure 1 based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm, comprise fingerprint collecting unit, fingerprint identification unit and storage unit, be connected with first communication bus between fingerprint collecting unit and the fingerprint identification unit, be connected with the second communication bus between fingerprint identification unit and the storage unit, finger print acquisition module comprises a pressure-sensitive semiconductor fingerprint sensor, storage unit comprises ZBT SRAM storer, and fingerprint identification unit comprises a ZBT SRAM controller.
Pressure-sensitive semiconductor fingerprint sensor is the plane that a kind of utilization contains minicrystal, be converted into electronic signal and draw the device of fingerprint image by multiple technologies by sensed pressure, it adopts automatic control technology, the sensitivity of fingerprint image pixel column and fingerprint subrange can be regulated automatically, under different environment, just high-quality image can be produced in conjunction with feedack.The semiconductor fingerprint collecting device can obtain quite accurate fingerprint image, and resolution does not need as optical capturing equipment in the time of can be up to 600dpi and fingerprint collecting, and requirement has the larger area collection head.Because the volume of semi-conductor chip is small and exquisite, power consumption is very low, can be integrated in many existing equipments, and this is that optical capturing equipment is incomparable.
In the present embodiment, adopted a kind of pressure-sensitive semiconductor devices, it is by sensed pressure and be converted into electronic signal generation fingerprint sensing image, its sensitive zones 16.0*23.4mm, number of picture elements are the 256*384 point, and size only is 1.1 inches, resolution can reach 600DP, exceed other and use more capacitance type sensor in the market, and it is first surperficial pressure-sensitive fingerprint sensor in the world, the correct perception in ground of can both having no effect in water and under the dry environment.In addition, its remarkable advantage is extremely low current drain, and the peak point current during perception is below 3mA.This device has adopted automatic control technology, can regulate the sensitivity of fingerprint image pixel column and fingerprint subrange automatically, just can produce high-quality image in conjunction with feedack under different environment.
As shown in Figure 2, fingerprint sensor controller 21 comprises register controlled module and sensor control module, is used to output control signals to fingerprint collecting unit 1; Fingerprint sensor controller 21 also comprises sampling hold circuit, AD converter, and 256 * 2 byte buffer memorys, the ID coding module, string and communication module are used for the finger print data that fingerprint collecting unit 1 receives is handled.Register controlled module, string and communication module are communicated by letter with ZBT SRAM controller 23 by data bus.
The storage unit 3 of fingerprint recognition system adopts ZBT (zero bus turn-around) SRAM storer, and, carry out random read-write by efficiently utilizing system bus, avoided the change-over period between the read-write state, eliminated read-write and postponed, actual data transfer rate is significantly improved.The design of ZBT SRAM controller 23 is the key components in the system, and its performance directly has influence on the performance of total system.Brand-new intelligent ZBT SRAM series memory, capacity is big, can dynamically adjust output state according to the requirement of custom system, and it has improved system bandwidth by eliminating periods of inactivity, reduces the requirement of communication system to system timing simultaneously.
The problem of the bus contention during ZBT SRAM controller 23 solves ZBT SRAM and dsp processor algoritic module, finger print acquisition module, the FLASH memory data of system are communicated by letter.ZBT SRAM interface controller mainly is made up of 5 modules, as shown in Figure 3, is interface circuit transport layer, streamline time-delay control module, address control output module, clock output control module, data storage passage respectively.Interface circuit transport layer storage user's input, and output signal; Streamline time-delay control module provides suitable delay time according to the mode of operation of ZBT SRAM storer for output data; Address control output module is used for address and control signal are stored; The data storage passage is used for providing two-way control to the storage of data.
As shown in Figure 3, the interface signal of ZBT SRAM mainly is made up of clock signal, control bus, address bus and data bus etc.Wherein, clock signal clk_zbt realizes comprising that for ZBT SRAM reading and writing operate in interior various operations drive signal is provided.Control bus mainly is made up of three kinds of signals, and we_n is that read-write control, we_n=1 allow read operation, we_n=0 to allow write operation.Bw_n is that sync byte is write enable signal, and each byte all has oneself effectively to write to enable low level.Ld_n is an address control signal, and the register of inside loads new address during ld_n=0, if in then internal address counting device increase of the rising edge ld_n=1 of clock.Address bus addr is for providing the memory address address signal to ZBT SRAM read-write operation memory cell, and its figure place is by the memory capacity decision of ZBT SRAM; Data bus dq is ZBT SRAM carries out exchanges data with the outside when read-write operation a passage.
In addition, as shown in Figure 1, fingerprint recognition system also comprises a FLASH storer 4 that is connected on the fingerprint identification unit 2 outward, is used to deposit finger print data, fingerprint identification unit 2 also comprises a FLASH controller 24, and FLASH controller 24 is communicated by letter with dsp processor algoritic module 22.Native system adopts external FLASH storer to deposit finger print data, and the FLASH controller provides with the interface of FLASH storer and and realizes real-time calling.
The fingerprint identification method of above-mentioned fingerprint recognition system comprises the steps:
A, fingerprint typing, the finger print data of finger print acquisition module 1 sampling login, and by fingerprint sensor controller 21 finger print data is deposited in the storage unit 3;
B, Flame Image Process, the finger print data of typing carries out pre-service to it, and deposits pretreated fingerprint image data in storage unit 3 again in dsp processor algoritic module 22 reading cells 3;
C, feature point extraction, bifurcation and end points that dsp processor algoritic module 22 detects on the pretreated fingerprint image form characteristic point data, and deposit characteristic point data in storage unit 3 again;
D, fingerprint recognition login or comparison, if the fingerprint login, then the characteristic point data with storage in the storage unit 3 stores in the FLASH storer 4, forms fingerprint database; If fingerprint comparison, then dsp processor algoritic module 22 also reads the finger print data of depositing from FLASH storer 4, and the finger print data of itself and typing is compared, the output comparison result.
Native system dsp processor algoritic module is used to realize pre-service, feature point extraction and the fingerprint comparison of fingerprint.
The pre-service of fingerprint comprises that fingerprint judges processes such as filtering, figure image intensifying, image binaryzation, and specifically comprise: the filtering of preprocessing process realizes adopting the spatial domain algorithm, with different window modules to the image convolution computing.The Gabor wave filter is proper for the fingerprint image texture, realized Gabor filtering, the crestal line frequency that a parameter is wherein arranged is each point is (except the bulk background area, whole fingerprint image all has a fixing frequency, the difference of each point is not very big for the influence of Gabor filtering), this parameter is not very big for the help of filtering, but, the use of its maximum is exactly to ask the boundary line of fingerprint, and this judgement for the fake minutiae of back is useful, because, the end points of boundary usually is pseudo-end points, it can be used to adjust the size of fingerprint image, removes unnecessary excessive background area, with the processing speed after accelerating; The purpose of frequency domain filtering is the effect for the analysis image Filtering Processing, can adopt Gauss's low-pass filtering, Butterworth filtering and homomorphic filtering here; Because butterfly computation is adopted in the FFT conversion, preferably carries out one time medium filtering behind frequency domain filtering, eliminates some decorative patterns as early as possible.
In the image binaryzation processing procedure, fingerprint ridge line and valley line are divided into two different gray shade scales, prerequisite is that the filtering enhancing of front is carried out, it is suitable that the threshold values of binaryzation is selected.The selection of threshold values has static state and dynamic, static uses single threshold values to cut apart to a secondary fingerprint image exactly, can directly specify a numerical value, perhaps use the gray average of view picture image, the dynamic thresholding selection is exactly that the different picture elements of a width of cloth fingerprint image or zones of different are used different threshold values, such as the average in pixel field.The method of dynamic thresholding is to more quite a lot of than static single threshold values effect when image different piece average gray difference is very big.And gray-scale value background bigger when the fingerprint background area also changes, when not being single gray scale, dynamic thresholding is cut apart and will be met difficulty, be a part of background segment fingerprint ridge line unavoidably, if but the field of choosing is bigger, when surpassing the width of crestal line and valley line, unlikely meeting is drawn mistake to crestal line or valley line.So what native system adopted is that two kinds of methods are combined, two threshold values have been used, one is appointment, one is the local field of pixel average, what be primarily aimed at is cutting apart of bulk background, if background is the same with valley line with white or big gray scale when representing, as long as the pixel gray scale is greater than in two threshold values any one, just give the gray-scale value of background, otherwise be prospect (being crestal line) gray-scale value.It is the comparison key in the fingerprint pre-service that image binaryzation is handled, will extract the crestal line of fingerprint in this process, has directly determined the correctness of back refinement, feature extraction, if do not carry out, the algorithm that the back is good again can not be brought into play effect.
Refinement afterwards, the fine check of its effect only otherwise cut off the crestal line of connection, and keeps single pixel wide just passable.Sometimes two-dimentional loop variable boundary line many one or few, can the oblique wide desultory straight line of many pixels on the fingerprint binary image, occur, select suitable refinement function, find not had that phenomenon finally, after the contrast, the loop variable that is originally row, column is not with image alignment.To all program checkouts one time, found many this mistakes.Though some fragmentation of the streakline after the refinement, the place of intersection much for human eye, can both be offered an explanation and draws, and where is true streakline, and broken string where should connect.Find a kind of method that can realize that streakline is repaired after the refinement, realize that the calculating of the field of direction can directly be removed unnecessary cross wires when detecting minutiae point, connect broken string, can save the judgement of the minutiae point true and false like this.Direction uses differentiating operator to calculate, and obtains dy and dx, obtains the direction tangent of an angle by dy/dx.This method is more accurate, but because picture noise influence, the direction of each consecutive point often all differs greatly, so need carry out smooth operation to the direction of obtaining, but to the bad definition of the mean direction of asking all directions, use a kind of direction, this direction has only eight, this direction is to use template to ask, because direction number is less, so can get maximum one of shared number in the neighborhood in the time of level and smooth, level and smooth effect is relatively good, but can produce deviation for the direction of the intersection pixel of different directions.Then ask core point and trigpoint after obtaining direction, the ultimate principle of its foundation is an algebraic topology, asks the Poincare number according to each point field direction, judges whether it is core point or trigpoint again.
The extraction of unique point is to detect bifurcation and end points on the image after the refinement, and leaching process is fairly simple, and main aspect is the expression of unique point.Can use kind, the coordinate of unique point, kind has only two kinds, and coordinate is the image origin with respect to the image upper left corner.The same unique point of same like this fingerprint will have different coordinates at different images, so need translation and rotation to come the calibration fingerprint image, the x of translation, the angle of y distance and rotation can be definite by a pair of congruent triangles of being made up of three unique points separately of two width of cloth images, if but pseudo-characteristic point is too much, will produce very big interference, computing is more time-consuming.So will calibrate in this way, will remove the pseudo-characteristic point earlier as much as possible, perhaps select different true origin, and coordinate axis, make the characteristic point coordinates statement have the characteristic of translation invariable rotary.An only true origin is exactly a core point.It is the translation invariable rotary that an angle is arranged, and is exactly the angle of line between the direction of unique point place streakline and unique point and the core point, so just its character as unique point.
Fingerprint comparison is exactly that the fingerprint characteristic that the sign extraction step extracts is compared with the template characteristic in the database, determines whether from same finger.Matching algorithm is a vital part in the whole fingerprint recognition system.According to the difference of detail characteristics of fingerprints, fingerprint matching algorithm mainly comprises based on the Point Pattern Matching algorithm, based on the texture pattern matching algorithm with based on the matching algorithm of figure.Or fingerprint matching algorithm directly is divided into based on the matching algorithm of dot pattern with not based on the matching algorithm (matching algorithm except dot pattern) of dot pattern.The algorithm for recognizing fingerprint of native system is based on the coupling of minutiae feature, according to fingerprint minutiae definition and similarity discriminant function choose different, finger print matching method can be divided into again: based on the matching algorithm of singular point, based on leg-of-mutton matching algorithm, based on the matching algorithm of polar coordinate transform, based on the matching algorithm of dynamic programming, based on figure Matching Algorithm or the like.And above-mentioned sorting technique is not absolute, and the whole bag of tricks connects each other, has a lot of algorithms intersected with each other simultaneously, and each algorithm all has the characteristics of oneself, and at special application.At present, the method that Automated Fingerprint Identification System is commonly used is based on the minutiae point coordinate model of FBI (FBI) proposition and does coupling, utilizes these two kinds of minutiae point of end points and bifurcation to discern fingerprint.And FBI points out, as long as there are 12 minutiae point approximate corresponding, just can judge that two fingerprints are identical.When being applied to these minutiae point in the dot pattern, the fingerprint recognition problem just is converted into the Point Pattern Matching problem automatically.
Main application of the present utility model comprises: special industry management systems such as fingerprint machinery two-purpose theft door lock, fingerprint safe, fingerprint case and bag series of products, bank and finance, intelligent building and residential quarter intellectuality safety precaution and management system, hotel, hotel identification management and gate control system, fingerprint access control intelligent anti-theft lock.
Claims (6)
1. fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm, comprise fingerprint collecting unit (1), fingerprint identification unit (2) and storage unit (3), be connected with first communication bus between described fingerprint collecting unit (1) and the described fingerprint identification unit (2), be connected with the second communication bus between described fingerprint identification unit (2) and the described storage unit (3), it is characterized in that: described finger print acquisition module (1) comprises a pressure-sensitive semiconductor fingerprint sensor, described storage unit (3) comprises ZBT SRAM storer, and described fingerprint identification unit (2) comprises a ZBT SRAM controller (23).
2. the fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described ZBT SRAM controller (23) comprises interface circuit transport layer, streamline time-delay control module, address control output module, clock output control module and data storage passage.
3. the fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described fingerprint identification module (2) comprises a fingerprint sensor controller (21) that is connected with described finger print acquisition module (1).
4. the fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described fingerprint identification unit (2) also comprises a dsp processor algoritic module (22), described dsp processor algoritic module (22) is communicated by letter with described fingerprint sensor controller (21), and described ZBT SRAM controller (23) is communicated by letter with described dsp processor algoritic module (22).
5. the fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm according to claim 4 is characterized in that: it also comprises a FLASH storer (4) that is connected on the described fingerprint identification unit (2) outward, has deposited finger print data on it.
6. the fingerprint recognition system based on pressure sensitivity fingerprint collecting and DSP algorithm according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described fingerprint identification unit (2) also comprises a FLASH controller (24), and described FLASH controller (24) is communicated by letter with described dsp processor algoritic module (22).
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017101212A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Fingerprint recognition method, apparatus, and terminal |
| CN110059659A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-07-26 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Detection method and fingerprint acquisition apparatus |
| CN110276328A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-24 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Fingerprint identification method and Related product |
-
2010
- 2010-04-09 CN CN2010201545262U patent/CN201681406U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017101212A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Fingerprint recognition method, apparatus, and terminal |
| CN110059659A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-07-26 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | Detection method and fingerprint acquisition apparatus |
| CN110276328A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-24 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Fingerprint identification method and Related product |
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