CN201681016U - Four point bending flexible supporting device - Google Patents
Four point bending flexible supporting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201681016U CN201681016U CN2009202457641U CN200920245764U CN201681016U CN 201681016 U CN201681016 U CN 201681016U CN 2009202457641 U CN2009202457641 U CN 2009202457641U CN 200920245764 U CN200920245764 U CN 200920245764U CN 201681016 U CN201681016 U CN 201681016U
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Abstract
A four point bending flexible supporting device is structured in such a manner that two pairs of quaternary cylinder assemblies are located on a base (8) and a lever crossbeam (1) respectively and are connected through a U-shaped conduit (13), through holes are arranged on the adjacent oil chambers of the quaternary cylinder (2), a piston (3) has on one end located in the oil chambers of the quaternary cylinder (2) and the other end connected to an ear fork (4), a blocking cap assembly (10) is installed on the both ends of the quaternary cylinder (2), a knife edge (5) is inserted between ears of the ear fork (4) and connected to the ear fork (4) via a bolt (11) located in a rolling bearing (19), and the rolling bearing is installed in the connecting hole of the knife edge (4). The utility model eliminates the constraint of the prior art on tested member, and can cause obvious twisting and coupling deformation of the asymmetric/non-equalization composite material laminates so as to measure the performance of the asymmetric/non-equalization composite material laminates. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and easy operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the compound substance bend test device, specifically is the flexible supportive device of a kind of four-point bending.
Prior art
At present, the method of testing of polymer matrix composite bending property adopts three-point bending or four-point bending test method, as ASTM D 7264M-07, ASTM D 790-03, GB/T 3356-1999 etc., generally testpieces is supported on two bearings, load with a loading head or two loading heads in span central authorities, loading head contacts with sample, transmits compressive load and sample is applied even normal direction displacement, bearing contacts with testpieces, limits its normal direction displacement.But for asymmetric/lack of balance laminar composite, owing to there is bending-twisted coupling distortion, if adopt existing bending test standard, loading head and bearing have limited the twisted coupling distortion of sample fully, and import undesirable additional load into to testpieces, be difficult to obtain asymmetric/bending property that the lack of balance composite material laminated board is complete like this.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the effect that exists in the prior art owing to loading head and bearing, in the bending test of asymmetric/lack of balance laminar composite, be difficult to obtain the step of the complete bending property of laminate, the present invention proposes the flexible supportive device of a kind of four-point bending.
The present invention includes quaternary cylinder body, U type conduit, piston, ear fork, the edge of a knife, cylinder cap, blocking cap subassembly, lever crossbeam and base, wherein, a pair of quaternary cylinder body subassembly is fixed on the base, and another is fixed on the lever crossbeam quaternary cylinder body subassembly; Connect by U type conduit between every pair of quaternary cylinder body in the quaternary cylinder body subassembly.
Quaternary cylinder body subassembly comprises quaternary cylinder body, piston, ear fork, the edge of a knife, four cylinder caps, blocking cap subassembly, free flow coupling, oil pocket bottom blocking cap and rolling bearings, wherein, the piston head of piston is positioned at the oil pocket of quaternary cylinder body, and the piston rod of piston is connected with the ear fork; Free flow coupling is installed in quaternary cylinder body both sides; Oil pocket bottom blocking cap is positioned at the oil pocket hole of quaternary cylinder base; The edge of a knife inserts between two ears of ear fork, and by bolt the edge of a knife is connected with the ear fork; Bolt is positioned at rolling bearing; Rolling bearing is installed in the connecting hole of the edge of a knife.
The quaternary cylinder body has four oil pockets that vertically connect, and the upper and lower between the adjacent oil pocket all is communicated with by oilhole; The mounting hole that free flow coupling is arranged on the oil pocket wall of both sides; Oil pocket one end is an internal thread hole; Four oil pocket mouths of end face both sides at the quaternary cylinder body are distributed with connecting hole; In the quaternary cylinder base extended fixed head is arranged; Four oil pockets bottom blocking cap is packed in four threaded holes of quaternary cylinder base, adopts the metal packing washer sealing between oil pocket bottom blocking cap and the oil pocket.
Piston length slightly is longer than the oil pocket height; Ring piston head circumferential surface has three V-shaped grooves; Pistons end has external thread.The blocking cap subassembly comprises plug, cap nut and elastic spring composition, and wherein, the circumference of the smaller diameter end of ring plug has the mounting groove of elastic spring, and elastic spring is placed in this mounting groove; Cap nut is sleeved on the larger diameter end of plug; There is bellmouth at plug larger diameter end end face center, and the tapering of this bellmouth is with the tapering of free flow coupling conical head.
There is piston hole at the cylinder cap middle part, and the position of piston hole is corresponding with oil pocket; There is the boss of axial protrusion at the center of one end end face of cylinder cap, and the external diameter of this boss is with the internal diameter of oil pocket.
U type guide tube assembly part comprises U type conduit, flat ozzle and cap nut; U type conduit two ends are bellmouth, and flat nozzle cup is on U type conduit, and cap nut is enclosed within on the flat ozzle; The hydraucone of U type conduit and the conical head of free flow coupling are fitted.Be clearance fit between U type conduit and the flat ozzle, adopt clearance fit between flat ozzle and the cap nut; The bell-mouthed outside surface of the bellmouth of flat ozzle and U type conduit one end is fitted.
The present invention adopts flat ozzle and cap nut as web member.Wherein, the endoporus of flat ozzle is isometrical hole, and an end endoporus is taper; The internal diameter of flat ozzle is with the external diameter of connected piece, and the external diameter of flat ozzle is with the internal diameter of cap nut.The endoporus of cap nut 7 is stepped, and the internal diameter of shoulder hole is respectively with the external diameter of the part that cooperated.
The present invention adopts the hydraulic oil even load, when testing machine loads, load passes in the oil of cylinder body by the edge of a knife, ear fork, piston, because the oil of cylinder body is communicated with, so the oil in four small oil cavities is delivered to the testpieces upward pressure and equates, different with pasta height in four small oil cavities of torsional deformation of testpieces, because oil pressure is equal, can realize even loading so everywhere.The distortion because testpieces twists, the amount of deflection difference of testpieces in the knife edge length scope, this difference can realize by the rotation of the edge of a knife around body of bolt, and the edge of a knife not only can move up and down and translation but also can rotate around body of bolt up and down realizes flexible the loading with piston like this.
Flexible four-point bending supportive device makes asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board produce tangible twisted coupling distortion, shows on the load～strain curve of test specimen measurement point.Adopt flexible four-point bending device, asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board also produces certain shearing strain when producing crooked normal strain, and shearing strain upper and lower surface opposite in sign, illustrates that testpieces has torsional deformation.And adopt conventional four-point bending device, and only produce crooked normal strain on asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board, almost do not detect shearing strain, the torsional deformation of the asymmetric/lack of balance laminate testpieces that illustrates that conventional four-point bending test has limited basically.Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are for adopting the load～strain curve of two kinds of test supportive device testpieces measurement points, and wherein E11 represents normal strain, and wherein E12 represents shearing strain.
Take measurement of an angle from asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board bending coupling coefficient, can measure the bending coupling coefficient of asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board with the present invention, the average error of two testpieces measured values and theoretical value is 25.1%.The bending coupling coefficient of the asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board that adopts conventional four-point bending supportive device almost not detect, the average error of two testpieces measured values and theoretical value is 89.6%.Fig. 3 and table 1 are the contrast of the measurement result of two kinds of test supportive device bending coupling coefficient.
The present invention has eliminated the constraint of conventional four-point bending supportive device to testpieces, make asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board produce tangible twisted coupling distortion, be used for the test of asymmetric/lack of balance composite material laminated board bending property, have simple in structure and convenience operation.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is to adopt flexible supportive device test specimen measurement point load～strain curve figure;
Accompanying drawing 2 is to adopt conventional supportive device test specimen measurement point load～strain curve figure;
Accompanying drawing 3 is measurement results of two kinds of supportive device bending coupling coefficient;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the flexible supportive device structural representations of four-point bending;
Accompanying drawing 5 is the flexible supportive device structural representations (side-looking) of four-point bending;
Accompanying drawing 6 is quaternary cylinder body assembling unit structure synoptic diagram (main looking);
Accompanying drawing 7 is quaternary cylinder body assembling unit structure synoptic diagram (side-looking);
Accompanying drawing 8 is quaternary housing structure synoptic diagram (main looking);
Accompanying drawing 9 is quaternary housing structure synoptic diagram (overlooking);
Accompanying drawing 10 is quaternary housing structure synoptic diagram (side-looking);
Accompanying drawing 11 is piston structure synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 12 is local enlarged diagrams of piston
Accompanying drawing 13 is cylinder cap structural representation (main looking);
Accompanying drawing 14 is cylinder cap structural representation (overlooking);
Accompanying drawing 15 is ear fork structural representation (main looking);
Accompanying drawing 16 is ear fork structural representations (side-looking);
Accompanying drawing 17 is edge of a knife structural representation (main looking);
Accompanying drawing 18 is edge of a knife structural representation (side-lookings);
Accompanying drawing 19 is blocking cap assembling unit structure synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 20 is plug structural representations;
Accompanying drawing 21 is cap nut structural representations;
Accompanying drawing 22 is elastic spring structural representations;
Accompanying drawing 23 is free flow coupling structural representations;
Accompanying drawing 24 is U type guide tube assembly part synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 25 is flat nozzle arrangement synoptic diagram;
Accompanying drawing 26 is oil pump crossover sub assembling synoptic diagram.Wherein:
1. lever crossbeam 2. quaternary cylinder bodies 3. pistons 4. ears are pitched 5. edges of a knife, 6. cylinder caps, 7. cap nuts, 8. bases, 9. bolts, 10. blocking cap sub-assemblies, 11. bolts, 12 test specimen 13.U type conduits, 14. oil pump transit joints, 15. oil pockets bottom blocking cap 16. seal washers 17. rubber washers 18. screws 19. rolling bearings 20. free flow couplings 21. elastic springs 22. plugs 23. flat ozzle 24. straight catheters 25. oil nozzles
Embodiment
Present embodiment is the flexible supportive device of a kind of four-point bending, comprises quaternary cylinder body 2, U type conduit 13, piston 3, ear fork 4, the edge of a knife 5, cylinder cap 6, blocking cap subassembly 10, lever crossbeam 1, base 8 etc., as shown in Figure 4.Wherein:
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, quaternary cylinder body subassembly comprises quaternary cylinder body 2, piston 3, ear fork 4, the edge of a knife 5, cylinder cap 6, blocking cap 10, free flow coupling 20, oil pocket bottom blocking cap 15, packing washer 16, rubber washer 17, screw 18, rolling bearing 19, wherein:
As Fig. 8, Fig. 9, shown in Figure 10, quaternary cylinder body 2 has four oil pockets that vertically connect, and the upper and lower between the adjacent oil pocket has formed the oil pocket loop all by the oilhole connection; The mounting hole that free flow coupling 20 is arranged on the oil pocket wall of both sides; The oil pocket bottom is a threaded hole, is distributed with connecting hole in four oil pocket mouths of end face both sides of quaternary cylinder body 2; In quaternary cylinder body 2 bottoms extended fixed head is arranged.
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, four oil pockets bottom blocking caps 15 are packed in four threaded holes of quaternary cylinder body 2 bottoms, adopt metal packing washer 16 sealings between oil pocket bottom blocking cap 15 and the oil pocket; Free flow coupling 20 thread end are packed in the threaded hole of quaternary cylinder body 2 front-end and back-end, adopt metal packing washer 16 sealings between the two.
As shown in figure 11, piston 3 is step-like circular pin, and length slightly is longer than the oil pocket height.Ring piston head circumferential surface has three V-shaped grooves, so that oil storage reduces the friction force between piston root and the oil pocket; There is external thread the piston rod end, so that be connected with ear fork 4.
As shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13, cylinder cap 6 is the hollow solid of revolution.There is the via hole of piston at cylinder cap 6 centers, at piston via hole periphery connecting hole are arranged.There is the boss of axial protrusion at the center of one end end face of cylinder cap 6, and the external diameter of this boss is with the internal diameter of oil pocket; The excircle of ring boss has the U-shaped seal groove, and the ring piston is crossed internal surface of hole also the U-shaped seal groove; Rubber washer 17 is positioned at the U-shaped seal groove.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, cylinder cap 6 is placed the end face of quaternary cylinder body 2, be connected and fixed with screw 18, be clearance fit between cylinder cap 6 and the piston 3, be clearance fit between cylinder cap 6 and the oil pocket wall.The quantity of cylinder cap 6 is with the quantity of oil pocket.
As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7,4 bottoms are pitched by being threaded with ear in the piston rod end of piston 3.The edge of a knife 5 is placed between two ears of ear fork 4, and the edge of a knife 5 is connected with ear fork 4 by bolt 11; The rolling bearing 19 of packing between the bolt 11 and the edge of a knife 4 is to guarantee that the edge of a knife rotates flexibly around body of bolt.Piston head is placed oil pocket, and clearance fit between piston head and the oil pocket wall.
As shown in figure 18, blocking cap subassembly 10 is made up of plug 22, cap nut 7, elastic spring 21.As shown in figure 19, plug 22 is a solid of revolution, and its excircle is stepped.The circumference of the smaller diameter end of ring plug 22 has the mounting groove of elastic spring 21, and there is a bellmouth at plug 22 larger diameter end end face centers; Plug 22 is packed into cap nut 7, and elastic spring 21 is packed in the mounting groove, and plug 22 just can not drop out from cap nut 7 like this.As Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7, when blocking cap subassembly 10 was connected with free flow coupling 20, the conical head of the bellmouth of plug 22 and free flow coupling 20 was fitted, and tightened 7, two circular conical surfaces contacts of cap nut and played sealing function.
As shown in figure 23, U type guide tube assembly part is made up of U type conduit 13, flat ozzle 23, cap nut 7, and U type conduit 13 is round hollow tube, and two mouths are made horn-like, load onto flat ozzle 23 and cap nut 7, between U type conduit and the flat ozzle, be clearance fit between flat ozzle and the cap nut.As shown in Figure 5, the hydraucone inside surface of U type conduit 13 and the conical head of free flow coupling 20 are fitted, and tighten cap nut 7 and tighten up; The bellmouth of flat ozzle 23 and U type conduit 13 bell-mouthed outside surfaces are fitted.
In the present embodiment, adopt flat ozzle 23 and cap nut 7 as web member.Wherein, flat ozzle 23 is the hollow and thin-walled housing.Flat ozzle 23 excircles are stepped; The endoporus of flat ozzle 23 is isometrical hole, and an end endoporus is taper.The internal diameter of flat ozzle 23 is with the external diameter of connected piece, and the external diameter of flat ozzle 23 is with the internal diameter of cap nut 7.Cap nut 7 is the hollow and thin-walled housing, and its endoporus is stepped, and the internal diameter of shoulder hole is respectively with the external diameter of the part that cooperated.
As shown in figure 25, oil pump crossover sub 14 comprises oil nozzle 25, straight catheter 24, flat ozzle 23 and cap nut 7.Straight catheter 24 is round hollow tube, and it is horn-like that two mouths are made, and loads onto flat ozzle 23 and cap nut 7, is clearance fit between straight catheter and the flat ozzle, adopts clearance fit between flat ozzle and the cap nut; As shown in Figure 5, when the oil pump crossover sub was connected with free flow coupling 20, the conical head of the hydraucone of straight catheter 24 and free flow coupling 20 was fitted, and tightens cap nut 7.
As Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5, there is an inverted T-slot at base 8 upper surface centers, and four bolts 9 are placed inverted T-slot, and two quaternary cylinder body subassemblies are placed on the base 8 by testing requirements, and are fixing with bolt 9; Piston 3 is pressed onto the bottom, turns on 2 times blocking cap subassemblies 10 of quaternary cylinder body, U type conduit 13 and cylinder body are coupled together.
During use, turn on the following blocking cap subassembly 10 of one of them quaternary cylinder body 2, insert oil pump crossover sub 14, inject 67 to the quaternary cylinder body 2 that is communicated with by hand oil pump
#Hydraulic oil in the time of oiling, loosens blocking cap subassembly 10 on another quaternary cylinder body 2, so that exhaust.After having annotated oil, remove oil pump crossover sub 14, the blocking cap subassembly 10 of screwing on.
As shown in Figure 4, by the threaded hole of lever crossbeam 1 end face, quaternary cylinder body subassembly is connected with the upper grip of testing machine; Base 8 directly is placed on the platform of testing machine.
The course of work of the present invention is: test specimen is placed between the edge of a knife 5 of quaternary cylinder body subassembly up and down, testing machine loads, lever crossbeam 1 moves downward, base 8 transfixions, going up quaternary cylinder body subassembly like this moves downward, following quaternary cylinder body subassembly is motionless, make that the edge of a knife 5 contacts with test specimen 12 up and down, the edge of a knife 5 bears contact load, load is by ear fork 4, piston 3 passes in the oil of quaternary cylinder body 2 because the oil of quaternary cylinder body 2 is communicated with, and about two cylinder bodies by 13 connections of U type conduit, the pressure that oil in the oil pocket reacts on the test specimen 12 equates at each contact point, realizes evenly loading; The distortion because test specimen 12 twists, the edge of a knife 5 contacts with test specimen 12, and with test specimen 12 distortion, the edge of a knife 5 rotates around bolt 11 by rolling bearing 19, and the edge of a knife 5 just can not limit the torsional deflection of test specimen 12 like this, realizes flexible the loading.
Table 1 bending coupling coefficient test result
Claims (9)
1. the flexible supportive device of a four-point bending, it is characterized in that, the flexible supportive device of described four-point bending comprises quaternary cylinder body (2), U type conduit (13), piston (3), ear fork (4), the edge of a knife (5), cylinder cap (6), blocking cap subassembly (10), lever crossbeam (1) and base (8), wherein
A pair of quaternary cylinder body subassembly is fixed on the base (8), and another is fixed on the lever crossbeam (1) quaternary cylinder body subassembly; Connect by U type conduit (13) between every pair of quaternary cylinder body (2) in the quaternary cylinder body subassembly; Quaternary cylinder body subassembly comprises quaternary cylinder body (2), piston (3), ear fork (4), the edge of a knife (5), four cylinder caps (6), blocking cap subassembly (10), free flow coupling (20), oil pocket bottom blocking cap (15) and rolling bearing (19), wherein, the piston head of piston (3) is positioned at the oil pocket of quaternary cylinder body (2), and the piston rod of piston (3) is connected with ear fork (4); Free flow coupling (20) is installed in quaternary cylinder body (2) both sides; Oil pocket bottom blocking cap (15) is positioned at the oil pocket hole of quaternary cylinder body (2) bottom; The edge of a knife (5) inserts between two ears of ear fork (4), and by bolt (11) edge of a knife (5) is connected with ear fork (4); Bolt (11) is positioned at rolling bearing (19); Rolling bearing (19) is installed in the connecting hole of the edge of a knife (4).
2. the flexible supportive device of a kind of according to claim 1 four-point bending is characterized in that quaternary cylinder body (2) has four oil pockets that vertically connect, and the upper and lower between the adjacent oil pocket all is communicated with by oilhole; The mounting hole that free flow coupling (20) are arranged on the oil pocket wall of both sides; Oil pocket one end is an internal thread hole; Four oil pocket mouths of end face both sides at quaternary cylinder body (2) are distributed with connecting hole; In quaternary cylinder body (2) bottom extended fixed head is arranged; Four oil pockets bottom blocking caps (15) are packed in four threaded holes of quaternary cylinder body (2) bottom, seal between oil pocket bottom blocking cap (15) and the oil pocket.
3. the flexible supportive device of a kind of according to claim 1 four-point bending is characterized in that piston (3) length slightly is longer than the oil pocket height; Ring piston head circumferential surface has three V-shaped grooves; There is external thread the piston rod end.
4. the flexible supportive device of a kind of according to claim 1 four-point bending, it is characterized in that, blocking cap subassembly (10) comprises plug (22), cap nut (7) and elastic spring (21) composition, wherein, the circumference of the smaller diameter end of ring plug (22) has the mounting groove of elastic spring (21), and elastic spring (21) is placed in this mounting groove; Cap nut (7) is sleeved on the larger diameter end of plug (22); There is bellmouth at plug (22) larger diameter end end face center, and the tapering of the same free flow coupling of the tapering of this bellmouth (20) conical head.
5. the flexible supportive device of a kind of according to claim 1 four-point bending is characterized in that there is the piston rod hole at cylinder cap (6) middle part, and the position in piston rod hole is corresponding with oil pocket; There is the boss of axial protrusion at the center of one end end face of cylinder cap (6), and the external diameter of this boss is with the internal diameter of oil pocket.
6. the flexible supportive device of a kind of according to claim 1 four-point bending is characterized in that U type guide tube assembly part comprises U type conduit (13), flat ozzle (23) and cap nut (7); U type conduit two ends are bellmouth, and flat ozzle (23) is enclosed within on the U type conduit (13), and cap nut (7) is enclosed within on the flat ozzle (23); The conical head of the hydraucone of U type conduit (13) and free flow coupling (20) is fitted.
7. as the flexible supportive device of a kind of four-point bending as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that, is clearance fit between U type conduit (13) and the flat ozzle (23), and flat ozzle and cap nut adopt clearance fit between (7); The bell-mouthed outside surface of the bellmouth of flat ozzle (23) and U type conduit (13) one ends is fitted.
8. as the flexible supportive device of a kind of four-point bending as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that the endoporus of flat ozzle (23) is isometrical hole, an end endoporus is taper; The internal diameter of flat ozzle (23) is with the external diameter of connected piece, the internal diameter of the same cap nut of external diameter (7) of flat ozzle (23).
9. as the flexible supportive device of a kind of four-point bending as described in the claim 6, it is characterized in that the endoporus of cap nut (7) is stepped, and the internal diameter of shoulder hole is respectively with the external diameter of the part that is cooperated.
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| CN2009202457641U CN201681016U (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2009-12-14 | Four point bending flexible supporting device |
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| CN2009202457641U CN201681016U (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2009-12-14 | Four point bending flexible supporting device |
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