CN201654406U - Novel multi-spark type hypervelocity digital imaging device - Google Patents
Novel multi-spark type hypervelocity digital imaging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN201654406U CN201654406U CN2010201454348U CN201020145434U CN201654406U CN 201654406 U CN201654406 U CN 201654406U CN 2010201454348 U CN2010201454348 U CN 2010201454348U CN 201020145434 U CN201020145434 U CN 201020145434U CN 201654406 U CN201654406 U CN 201654406U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a novel multi-spark type hypervelocity digital imaging device, comprising an illuminating unit, an optical system unit, a synchronous control unit and an image recording unit. The illuminating unit can generate a time sequence array dot light source through electrooptic deflection, the accurate triggering among the light source, target, image sensor and image acquisition card can be realized by the multi-channel time delay synchronous control unit with high resolution, and the image recording unit adopts the common commercial CCD camera to obtain the CCD charge image of the object in a frame delay reading method. The utility model can obtain 8-16 digital images at extra-high frame frequency of ten billions of frames per second (according to the number of dot light sources), and can be widely applied to flow field display and camera measuring of ns and sub-ns instantaneous process, e.g the experience research of high-voltage discharging, laser supported plasma detonation wave evolution process and Z-pinch inertia confinement fusion technology, and the like.
Description
[technical field]
The utility model relates to camera work, more particularly, relates to a kind of novel many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus.
[background technology]
The high-speed photography of many sparks is a kind of high speed photography that utilizes the sequential pointolite array to obtain the transient process multiple image, wherein the short flash sent of pointolite realizes illumination and exposure control action, and the sequential triggering of array pointolite flash of light was cut apart the transient process time of carrying out, and realized the image framing function by suitable optical system.With common framing high-speed photography systematic comparison, many sparks high-speed photography system need not shutter, do not need moving component to carry out framing, scanning yet, so it is simple in structure, cost is cheap relatively, and image quality is better, (the SPIE that has a wide range of applications in the research of ultrafast phenomenas such as detonation, burning, bump and shock wave physics of this system, Vol.4183,2001:145-152).
The development of many sparks high speed photography so far, stroboscopic light sources develops into the high-capacity LED light-pulse generator that generally adopts at present from the earliest ball crack spark source, Film Recording is also gradually by CCD or cmos image sensor record replaces (Opt.Eng., 36 (7), 1997:1935-1941; Semiconductor optoelectronic, 26 (2), 2005:146-150).The sequential of LED light-pulse generator array drives and the sequential of image sensor array writes down the photographic frequency that has determined the high-speed photography of many sparks, because LED device itself and the restriction of driving circuit response time thereof, the flash duration of LED sequential pointolite array and flash of light occur at interval at present all more than 100ns, therefore, the highest photographic frequency of existing many sparks high-speed photography system can only reach the level (Rev.Sci.Instrum. of 1,000 ten thousand width of cloth/seconds, 78 (3), 2007:035111.1-035111.4).
The photographic frequency of prior art can't satisfy the application need of some occasion, and for example the flow field of ns and inferior ns level transient process shows and be photogrammetric.For this reason, need a kind of hypervelocity camera chain that can write down ns and inferior ns level transient process of exploitation.
[utility model content]
The technical problems to be solved in the utility model is, can't satisfy the problem of the photography demand of some transient process at the photographic frequency of spark-type high-speed photography system in the prior art, and a kind of novel many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus is provided.
The technical scheme that its technical matters that solves the utility model adopts is: construct a kind of many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used for pulse laser beam is decomposed into the lighting unit of exporting target-bound a plurality of sequential flashes of light successively by a plurality of smooth delivery outlets at individual pulse in the duration;
Be used for the duration that each glistens optical system unit with real-time dbjective state imaging;
The image recording unit of dbjective state image duration of being used to write down and read described each flash of light; And
Be used to provide multichannel programmable delay output pulse, with the synchronous control unit that the accurate triggering synchronous between described lighting unit, described image recording unit and the target is controlled, described synchronous control unit comprises: be used for analogue delay module that the retardation low portion that postpones the output pulse is controlled, and be used for digital delay module that the retardation high-order portion that postpones the output pulse is controlled.
In many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus described in the utility model, described lighting unit comprises: laser instrument, beam splitter, optical delay line, colimated light system, electro-optic deflector, light guide, the quick photoelectric tube of PIN and high electric field pulse generator; Wherein:
Described beam splitter is arranged on the output terminal of described laser instrument, pulse laser beam from described laser instrument is divided into two-way via beam splitter: first via pulse laser beam arrives described electro-optic deflector via described optical delay line and colimated light system, the second road pulse laser beam is converted to electric pulse via the quick photoelectric tube of described PIN and is sent to the high electric field pulse generator, and described high electric field pulse generator links to each other with described electro-optic deflector;
Under the control of the high electric field pulse that described high electric field pulse generator produces, the first via pulse laser beam that described electro-optic deflector will receive from described colimated light system is at the be in line sequence scanning light beam of track of individual pulse duration internal conversion;
The sequence scanning light beam of described straight path is converted into the sequence scanning light beam of ring-type track via described light guide, and via described a plurality of smooth delivery outlet outputs, thereby produce described a plurality of sequential flash of light.
In many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus described in the utility model, described pulse laser beam is the adjusting Q pulse laser bundle, and the quantity of described smooth delivery outlet is 4 to 20, is spaced apart ns level or inferior ns level between the described a plurality of sequential flash of light.
In many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus described in the utility model, described electro-optic deflector comprises LiNbO
3Electro-optic crystal.
In many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus described in the utility model, described image recording unit comprises and corresponding a plurality of CCD cameras of the quantity of described a plurality of smooth delivery outlets and the image pick-up card that links to each other with described a plurality of CCD cameras; Described a plurality of CCD camera distributes in the form of a ring, its alignment lens ring heart.
In many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus described in the utility model, described optical system unit comprises
First field lens, its front focal plane and described a plurality of smooth delivery outlet coplane;
Second field lens, the back focal plane coplane of its front focal plane and described first field lens, described target is positioned on described first field lens and second field lens confocal,
The multiaspect axicon lens, the Huan Xinchu that it is positioned at ring-shaped distributed a plurality of CCD cameras, be used for described a plurality of sequential flashes of light that a plurality of pointolites to described annular configuration send carry out the imaging optical link by, on the CCD target surface that is imaged on corresponding camera.
In many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus described in the utility model, described image pick-up card comprises E acquisition channel, link to each other with described a plurality of CCD cameras by F-1 expansion interface, thereby described a plurality of CCD cameras are divided into F group, and successively each image of organizing the CCD camera is carried out parallel acquisition, wherein, 2≤E≤4, F 〉=2, the quantity of described CCD camera mostly is E * F most.
Implement many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the present utility model, can make photographic frequency, than three magnitudes of photographic frequency raising of the existing spark of manying high-speed photography system up to 10,000,000,000 width of cloth/seconds.This device is used for the experimental study of ns and inferior ns level transient state physical phenomenon, as be used for showing the propagation of flow field, shock front at transparent medium, the speck matter of observing Free Surface under the high pressure is sprayed, the development of reduced blast such as spark discharge under the wave system situation on the interface, interface instability, high pressure, and laser film flying, the implosion of the quick-fried magnetic pinch process of Z ionic medium body, stagnation and the evolution process that disperses is visual.
[description of drawings]
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of many sparks of the utility model formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus;
Fig. 2 is the synoptic diagram according to many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the synchro control sequential chart according to many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 4 A is the theory structure synoptic diagram according to lighting unit in many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 4 B is the perspective view according to leaded light component in the lighting unit of many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 4 C is the structural representation of input end in the leaded light component shown in Fig. 4 B;
Fig. 4 D is the structural representation of output terminal in the leaded light component shown in Fig. 4 B;
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram according to the optical system unit in many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram according to the synchronous control unit in many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram according to frame delay playback mode in many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram according to the image recording unit in many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the utility model one embodiment.
[embodiment]
Fig. 1 is the composition frame chart of this novel many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus, comprises lighting unit 100, optical system unit 300, synchronous control unit 500 and 400 4 parts of image recording unit.Wherein, image recording unit 400 is connected in computing machine 600, and target 200 is placed between lighting unit and the optical system.The principle of work of this imaging device is as follows: lighting unit 100 produces ns or (depending on the wherein driving pulse leading edge time of electro-optic deflector) sequential flash of light at interval of inferior ns level, successively target 200 is thrown light on, optical system 300 is imaged onto dbjective state at this moment on the corresponding ccd image sensor photosurface of image recording unit 400 duration that each glistens, each CCD camera writes down the different moment image constantly of a width of cloth, and then output in the computing machine 600 with the frame delay playback mode by image pick-up card and to preserve lighting source in the device, target, accurate triggering synchronous between each CCD camera and the image pick-up card realizes by custom-designed synchronous control unit 500.
The utility model can obtain several digital pictures of ns level transient process with the photographic frequency of 10,000,000,000 width of cloth/seconds as a kind of many sparks hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus, is applicable to the experimental study of the processes that are exceedingly fast such as effluve, laser film flying and the quick-fried magnetic pinch of Z.Compare with common framing ultra-speed shooting camera, this apparatus structure is simple, and cost is relatively low; Compare with other many sparks formula ultra-speed shooting cameras, the temporal resolution of this device can reach inferior ns, and photographic frequency has improved three magnitudes; With the ns framing digital camera that adopts the gate image intensifier tube relatively, this device is light-electric conversion imaging, has the more picture quality of high spatial resolution than the light-electrical-optical-electric conversion imaging of image intensifier tube camera.
To obtain 8 width of cloth images is example, the embodiment of this device technique scheme as shown in Figure 2, wherein the pulse laser of laser instrument 10 generations is divided into two-way by beam splitter 101: the one tunnel through optical delay line 103 (being used for optical signal transmission and electric signal transmitting speed coupling) and colimated light system 105 input electro-optic deflectors 21, the quick photoelectric tube 107 of another route PIN is converted to electric pulse, be used for triggering high electric field pulse generator 22 and produce ns level forward position high-voltage pulse, make pulse laser deflection by electro-optic deflector 21, obtain the sequence scanning light beam of straight path, utilize light guide 30 again (in the present example, it comprises 8 optical fiber and passes light beams) scanning light beam is become circular trace by straight path, thereby form sequential annular array pointolite to target according to the time throw light on; Two field lenses 301,302 will be projected respectively on 8 CCD cameras 401 of circular arrangement by the different target imaging light beams constantly of sequential ring-type spot light with the optical system that one 8 face cone mirror 305 constitutes, the photosurface of each CCD camera is exposed successively, by image pick-up card 405 the CCD integral image that exposes is read in the computing machine 600 storage at last.
In said process, the sequential pointolite, target, concerted action between imageing sensor and the image pick-up card, the synchro control sequential is as shown in Figure 3: send startup command by computing machine 600 Control Software and make the digital I/O line of image pick-up card produce a synchronous control unit trigger pulse P0, (this unit has the output of 4 road programmable delaies to the work of triggering synchronous control module, delay resolution is 250ps), a road of synchronous control unit 500 postpones output P3 and triggers image pick-up card, capture card sends external trigger exposure signal Pe simultaneously to 8 CCD cameras after receiving this signal, and the photosurface of each CCD is in the exposure waiting status simultaneously; Another road of synchronous control unit postpones output P1 and triggers the laser instrument bright dipping, and the pulse laser that sends forms inferior ns sequential spot light target at interval by electrooptical deflection and light guide; Synchronous control unit also has one tunnel delay output P2 to be used to trigger target, and each road output pulse daley parameter of synchronous control unit can be regulated according to field condition; After each CCD camera finished exposure simultaneously, image pick-up card sent read pulse (external trigger acquired signal Pc) to the timesharing of CCD camera secondary, and each 4 CCD charge images of parallel read-out are preserved in computing machine.Though the output of 4 road programmable delaies has been shown among Fig. 6, but 3 tunnel outputs of synchronous control unit in this programme, have only been used, wherein P3 is output as with reference to output, used 2 tunnel output (P1 in addition, P2) can P3 be that (20 * m+0.25 * n) (m is exported in any time-delay of nanosecond in benchmark realization 0 to t=, n is the parameter that is provided with able to programme, sees the synchronous control unit explanation for details); A road of usefulness output is not standby.
Below be the embodiment of each component units of device:
(1) lighting unit
According to electrooptical effect, will cause corresponding graded taking place in the voltage gradient variation that puts on some crystal, thereby the light deflection by crystal is scanned along the material refractive index of prescribed direction.Most electro-optic crystal materials are (as LiNbO
3AlGaAs etc.) the electro-optic response time is in ns, inferior ns even ps level, therefore, as long as will be added on enough weak points that do in the potential pulse forward position on the crystal, just can make electro-optic crystal realize that the time of deflection is in the ns magnitude, in this time,, can make two luminous intervals of adjacent spots reach inferior ns magnitude to the deflected beam sampling.
Shown in Fig. 4 A, lighting unit comprises pulsed laser 10, electro-optic deflector 20 and light guide 30.Wherein, pulsed laser 10 is used to provide high-strength, ultrashort pulse.In order to obtain the laser output of ultrashort pulsewidth (as tens of nanoseconds), the most frequently used mature technology is a Q-regulating technique at present.The typical pulse-widths of adjusting Q pulse laser bundle is tens of ns scopes.Electro-optic deflector comprises LiNbO
3Electro-optic crystal 21, light guide 30 comprises silica fibre bundle 34, number of fibers is determined according to required pointolite number.Lighting unit disposes high-voltage pulse generator 22, laser pulse forms a branch of very thin light beam through colimated light system (not drawing among Fig. 4 A) back, be deflected into the input end 32 that is mapped to fibre bundle 34 by electro-optic crystal, input end is the optical fiber line spread of 1mm by many diameters, and the output terminal 33 of fibre bundle is by annular arrangement.In the beam deflection process, deflected beam can be coupled into every optical fiber successively, therefore, can obtain the sequential stroboscopic pointolite that forms according to respective sequence at the lighting unit output terminal.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 4 A and 4B the principle of work of lighting unit is elaborated.Pulsed laser 10 is mainly used to produce pulse laser beam L, and preferred pulse laser instrument 10 as ruby laser or YAG laser instrument etc., can adopt suitable mode (as colimated light system) to obtain ultra-fine pulsed light beam for transferring the pulsed laser of Q.Preferred electro-optic deflector 20 comprises electrooptical deflection crystal 21 and can produce the high electric field pulse generator 22 of the high-pressure pulse electric that is applied to electrooptical deflection crystal 21 corresponding site that this can produce deflection when making pulsed light beam L by electrooptical deflection crystal 21.Electrooptical deflection crystal 21 is preferably lithium columbate crystal.Can make pulse laser beam L (2～10ns) pulse front edge carries out deflection, and the pulse laser beam L ' that is deflected is at the input end of whole deflection period interscan light guide 30 at nanosecond order by adjusting high electric field pulse generator 22.
Shown in Fig. 4 B-4D, light guide 30 is set comprises leaded light component 31 and the fixedly preceding shaft collar 32 and the back shaft collar 33 at leaded light component two ends, leaded light component 31 is made up of many light-guide devices 34.In this preferred embodiment, light-guide device 34 is preferably optical fiber, and the diameter of optical fiber preferably is set to be equal to or less than 1mm; Leaded light component is formed (also can be 4,8,16 optical fiber or 20 etc., determine according to required pointolite number) by 12 optical fiber.Before being fixed on, one end of all optical fiber on the shaft collar 32, is the input end 35 of leaded light component; All other ends of 34 are fixed on the shaft collar 32 of back, are the output terminal 36 of leaded light component, and it comprises the light delivery outlet that equates with number of fibers.Optical fiber is linear array on preceding shaft collar 32, and overlaps with the yawing moment of pulsed light beam, the feasible input end 35 that can be scanned leaded light component by the pulsed light beam L ' of electro-optic deflector deflection.Optical fiber is boundling on the shaft collar 33 of back arranges, and is preferably circular arrangement, also can be closely to be arranged on the shaft collar 33 of back according to other shapes.When the pulsed light beam L ' of deflection scans each root optical fiber of leaded light component on the preceding shaft collar 32 successively, pulsed light beam L ' is coupled into each root optical fiber successively, will form the stroboscopic light source of sequential like this at the output terminal 36 of leaded light component according to the order of correspondence, make pulsed light beam L ' in deflection successively, can produce the stroboscopic pointolite of high frequency.Because electro-optic crystal 21 has realized that under the effect of high-pressure pulse electric deflection period is controlled at nanosecond order, therefore pulsed light beam can be finished the scanning at the leaded light component input end in this time, interval at two of the leaded light component output terminal adjacent point light source light-emittings just foreshortens to magnitude of subnanosecond, thereby significantly improved the stroboscopic frequency of stroboscopic light source, improve the photographic frequency of spark-type camera, to realize photorecording to very fast laser film flying technology and the quick-fried magnetic pinch class of z-pinch hypervelocity process.
Though Fig. 4 A to Fig. 4 D is to be that example illustrates and describe the light guide 30 in the lighting unit in the utility model with 12 optical fiber, according to required pointolite number, the quantity of optical fiber also can be 4,8,16,20, or other suitable quantity.In actual implementation process, the quantity of light delivery outlet (it equals the quantity of optical fiber) depends on the transmission layout of electro-optic deflector output terminal to the light guide inlet end, and multiple factor such as is chosen in the interval of the caliber size of simple optical fiber own, inlet end adjacent fiber; Also to read requirement etc. relevant with processing difficulty or ease, the ccd image of framing multiaspect axicon lens.Be advisable to be no more than 20 in the scheme of the present utility model.
In the above-described embodiments, the spacing between adjacent two optical fiber is adjustable arbitrarily on the shaft collar before preferably being provided with, thereby can adjust the stroboscopic interval time of adjacent two optical fiber, make interval time between adjacent twice stroboscopic equate or do not wait, be certain rule and change.
In the lighting unit of many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus of the present utility model, by pulsed laser, electro-optic deflector and the light guide that produces pulsed light beam is set, make pulsed light beam that pulsed laser sends deflect after by electro-optic deflector in the period at individual pulse; And light guide includes the leaded light component that many duct elements are formed, in leaded light component, one end of all light-guide devices is linear array and overlaps with the yawing moment of pulsed light beam at the leaded light component input end, makes that the pulsed light beam after electro-optic deflector deflection can be at the input end of all light-guide devices of individual pulse duration interscan; And the other end of all light-guide devices is the boundling arrangement at the output terminal of leaded light component in the leaded light component.In time, the input end of every light-guide device in the pulsed light beam deflection scanning leaded light component makes pulsed light beam can be directed into chronologically in the every light-guide device successively in the time at individual pulse at individual pulse, and exports from the other end of light-guide device; This makes the light-guide device at the output terminal of leaded light component send light beam successively, thereby just can obtain the stroboscopic number of times that equates with the light-guide device number in the duration at individual pulse, thereby obtains high frequency stroboscopic pointolite.Produce the pulsed laser of pulsed light beam, the optical pulse width of exporting as Q-switched laser (ruby laser or YAG laser instrument) can reach for tens nanoseconds, but monopulse output also can be designed to dipulse output.
Further, the high-voltage pulse generator that described electro-optic deflector comprises the electrooptical deflection crystal and produces high-voltage pulse forward position electric field at electrooptical deflection crystal corresponding site can be set.When the laser pulse light bundle was injected into the electrooptical deflection crystal, the electric field in high-voltage pulse forward position made pulsed light beam deflect.Improve the leading edge time of the peak value or the shortening high-voltage pulse of high-voltage pulse, can further improve the speed of the deflection laser pulsed light beam of electro-optic crystal; In addition, laser pulse light beam after the deflection also can be set, can make the deflection speed of deflection laser pulsed light beam to double once more by the electrooptical deflection crystal or the laser pulse light beam is set in succession by two identical electrooptical deflection crystal that electricity is in parallel.The raising of the deflection speed of deflection laser pulsed light beam can further improve the stroboscopic frequency of stroboscopic light source.In terms of existing technologies, the stroboscopic frequency of generator can reach 1010Hz.
Compare with the stroboscopic light source (mainly rely on circuit that LED is controlled and realize the sequential exposure) in the spark-type camera of the prior art, lighting unit structure described in the utility model is simple, stable performance, the light-source brightness height, stroboscopic speed has improved 3 magnitudes (its limit process time is the relaxation time of electrooptical effect), is the desirable light source of many sparks camera.Can realize the photorecording of per second 10,000,000,000 width of cloth photographic frequencies 10～20 panel height space-bandwidth product pictures, scientific experiment provides technique guarantee under the extreme physical condition in order to study.Need the scientific research of this utility model to concentrate on research fields such as quick-fried magnetic-constriction of Z-pinch and hypervelocity laser film flying technology at present, they can reach the extreme physical condition of level constant entropy pressure peak of handkerchief (TPa) too and 50～100 kilometer per seconds respectively.
This lighting unit is applied for Chinese utility model patent separately, and application number is: CN200910109025.4.
(2) optical system unit
The enforcement of optical system as shown in Figure 5, optical system adopts cola lighting layout: the pointolite (being the light delivery outlet of optical fiber) that is positioned on first field lens, 301 front focal planes sends the collimated light illumination target by first field lens 301, and pointolite is imaged near the corresponding minute surface of multiaspect axicon lens through second field lens 302; Be positioned at middle confocal the target of locating 200 of two field lenses, be imaged on through second field lens 302, multiaspect axicon lens 305 and pick-up lens 401 on the CCD target surface of camera 401; Multiaspect axicon lens 305 be responsible for to difference constantly, the flashes of light of different spatial pointolite carry out the imaging optical link by, this layout can make imaging device obtain the evenly maximum field of view of illumination of target.402 is pick-up lens among the figure, and 403 is mirror holder.
(3) synchronous control unit
As shown in Figure 6, synchronous control unit 500 comprises field programmable gate array (FPGA), comprising digital delay module 520,32 bit CPUs (Nios II) 540, analogue delay device interface 532, Flash memory interface 552 and the LCD interface 562 that link to each other with AVALON bus 510.By these interfaces, analogue delay module 530 (it comprises 4 analogue delay devices), firmware program storer 550 and LCD display 560 are connected in AVALON bus 510.
The major function of synchronous control unit provides multichannel programmable delay output pulse; Fig. 6 has provided its specific embodiments: consider the needs that accurately trigger control in other wide time domain scopes; adopt the DA combination technology to realize big delay scope and high latency resolution index, promptly finish the control of retardation high-order portion, partly finish the control of retardation low portion by analogue delay by digital delay part (counter).Maximum delay length depends on the mould of counter, minimum time-delay length (delay resolution) depends on the time-delay step-length of analogue delay device, as the ASIC analogue delay device DS1023-25, counter works frequency that use 0.25ns time-delay step-length are during as 50MHz, time delay, t can select as follows arbitrarily by m and n: t=20 * m+0.25 * n (ns), wherein m is that counter able to programme is provided with parameter (during 16 of counter word lengths, the m scope is 0～65535), n is the parameter (0～255) that is provided with able to programme of DS1023-25 device.
The firmware program burning of synchronous control unit can be provided with the time delay of each passage in view of the above by custom menu on LCD display in the Flash storer; Digital delay part, analogue delay device interface, Flash interface and LCD interface are all realized in the Nios II embedded system based on single-chip FPGA.
(4) image recording unit
Compare with cmos image sensor, the advantage of ccd image sensor is higher luminous sensitivity, bigger dynamic range and lower picture noise, therefore is more suitable for this imaging device application scenario.Because the characteristic time of object procedure is in ns magnitude even shorter, also can the image of multiple image sensor chip record be read in real time with corresponding speed at present without any means, can only real time record, and then by driving sensing circuit the picture signal in the chip is exported.The driving sensing circuit majority of existing bibliographical information is a custom-made, can't use.As shown in Figure 5,8 cameras 401 distribute in the form of a ring, its alignment lens ring heart.Adopted multiaspect axicon lens framing in the present embodiment, so camera is the ring-type track.In addition, also can be trajectory shapes such as two-dimentional square formation, this depends on application demand and corresponding framing optical system structure.
This image recording unit adopts a plurality of general commercial CCD camera record object picture frames, and utilize camera frame delay playback mode timesharing exposure target, read image.In frame delay playback mode shown in Figure 7, the outer triggering signal line of the external trigger exposed pulse able to programme that image pick-up card sends by camera inserts, and sequential pointolite pulse flash of light drops between the rising edge (allowing exposure) of external trigger exposed pulse and the negative edge (closing exposure) carries out the photogenerated charge integration; After closing exposure, image pick-up card sends the external trigger acquisition pulse again, and this signal inserts by the external vertical synchronizing line of camera, drives the camera internal circuit and reads image with standard frame frequency time 40ms.Because each camera ccd image needs 40ms readout time, and the image that needs to switch each camera successively by software control reads, and considers the time overhead of software control, finishes 8～16 image of camera readouts, and its duration may be in level second.In order to suppress the CCD dark current noise in acceptable level, should read as early as possible after the exposure and be kept at CCD as the optical charge signal in the quick unit potential well, this is very important for guaranteeing picture quality.
Fig. 8 has provided the image recording unit embodiment based on above consideration: select the commercial 4 channel parallel image pick-up cards 405 of a pci interface for use, this capture card can insert 16 CCD cameras 401 at most by expansion interface 407, wherein 4 video a/d modular converters 406 on the capture card carry out parallel acquisition to 1 group of 4 CCD camera image simultaneously, 2 groups of 4 camera image are gathered simultaneously after 1 group of image is read, 3 groups, 4 groups camera image are read in timesharing more then again.Under 16 image acquisition demands, this image recording unit can make be controlled in the 200ms readout time of whole CCD image sequence.The external trigger exposure signal of each CCD camera and external trigger acquired signal can produce by digital I/O line (not drawing among Fig. 8) programming of this image pick-up card.
Though the utility model is to be that example describes with 8 or 16 width of cloth images, the utility model is not limited to this.Can also comprise other quantity image and with the optical fiber and the CCD camera of its equal amount.Correspondingly, can adopt the image pick-up card of E acquisition channel, link to each other with a plurality of cameras, thereby a plurality of CCD cameras are divided into the F group, and successively each image of organizing camera be carried out parallel acquisition by F-1 expansion interface.The quantity of CCD camera can be E * F at most, wherein, and 2≤E≤4, F 〉=2.The commercial image pick-up card that can supply on the market at present mostly is most 4 parallel acquisition passages, and this mainly is the restriction that is subjected to current PC bus transfer bandwidth, so E≤4; The CCD camera output image that different expansion interfaces are inserted is an acquisition time, thus technical realization several be easy to the dozens of expansion interface.But rarely found by the image pick-up card of expansion interface access dozens of camera on the market, and the specific (special) requirements of reading because of image in this programme, too much expansion interface promptly is not suitable for also unnecessary.
The above embodiment has only expressed several embodiment of the present utility model, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but can not therefore be interpreted as the restriction to the utility model claim.Should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model design, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection domain of the present utility model.Therefore, the protection domain of the utility model patent should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (7)
1. the hypervelocity of spark formula more than kind digital imaging apparatus is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used for pulse laser beam is decomposed into the lighting unit of exporting target-bound a plurality of sequential flashes of light successively by a plurality of smooth delivery outlets at individual pulse in the duration;
Be used for the duration that each glistens optical system unit with real-time dbjective state imaging;
The image recording unit of dbjective state image duration of being used to write down and read described each flash of light; And
Be used to provide multichannel programmable delay output pulse, with the synchronous control unit that the accurate triggering synchronous between described lighting unit, described image recording unit and the target is controlled, described synchronous control unit comprises: be used for analogue delay module that the retardation low portion that postpones the output pulse is controlled, and be used for digital delay module that the retardation high-order portion that postpones the output pulse is controlled.
2. many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described lighting unit comprises: laser instrument, beam splitter, optical delay line, colimated light system, electro-optic deflector, light guide, the quick photoelectric tube of PIN and high electric field pulse generator; Wherein:
Described beam splitter is arranged on the output terminal of described laser instrument, pulse laser beam from described laser instrument is divided into two-way via beam splitter: first via pulse laser beam arrives described electro-optic deflector via described optical delay line and colimated light system, the second road pulse laser beam is converted to electric pulse via the quick photoelectric tube of described PIN and is sent to the high electric field pulse generator, and described high electric field pulse generator links to each other with described electro-optic deflector;
Under the control of the high electric field pulse that described high electric field pulse generator produces, the first via pulse laser beam that described electro-optic deflector will receive from described colimated light system is at the be in line sequence scanning light beam of track of individual pulse duration internal conversion;
The sequence scanning light beam of described straight path is converted into the sequence scanning light beam of ring-type track via described light guide, and via described a plurality of smooth delivery outlet outputs, thereby produce described a plurality of sequential flash of light.
3. many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus according to claim 2 is characterized in that described pulse laser beam is the adjusting Q pulse laser bundle, and the quantity of described smooth delivery outlet is 4 to 20, is spaced apart ns level or inferior ns level between the described a plurality of sequential flash of light.
4. many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus according to claim 3 is characterized in that described electro-optic deflector comprises LiNbO
3Electro-optic crystal.
5. according to each described many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus in the claim 2 to 4, it is characterized in that described image recording unit comprises and corresponding a plurality of CCD cameras of the quantity of described a plurality of smooth delivery outlets and the image pick-up card that links to each other with described a plurality of CCD cameras; Described a plurality of CCD camera distributes in the form of a ring, its alignment lens ring heart.
6. many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus according to claim 5 is characterized in that,
Described optical system unit comprises
First field lens, its front focal plane and described a plurality of smooth delivery outlet coplane;
Second field lens, the back focal plane coplane of its front focal plane and described first field lens, described target is positioned on described first field lens and second field lens confocal,
The multiaspect axicon lens, the Huan Xinchu that it is positioned at ring-shaped distributed a plurality of CCD cameras, be used for described a plurality of sequential flashes of light that a plurality of pointolites to described annular configuration send carry out the imaging optical link by, on the CCD target surface that is imaged on corresponding camera.
7. many sparks formula hypervelocity digital imaging apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described image pick-up card comprises E acquisition channel, link to each other with described a plurality of CCD cameras by F-1 expansion interface, thereby described a plurality of CCD cameras are divided into F group, and successively each image of organizing the CCD camera are carried out parallel acquisition, wherein, 2≤E≤4, F 〉=2, the quantity of described CCD camera mostly are E * F most.
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